Method for planting muskmelons by using saline-alkali land

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of melon planting. The invention provides a method for planting muskmelons by using saline-alkali land, which comprises the following steps: (1) leveling the saline-alkali land, irrigating, and airing the land until a white saline-alkali layer appears on the surface layer of the land; (2) removing a saline-alkali layer on the surface layer of the land, applying a base fertilizer into the land, and ridging after ploughing; (3) watering on the ridge surface, laying a mulching film, and then planting muskmelon seedlings on the ridge surface; and (4) performing water and fertilizer management on the muskmelon seedlings until the muskmelons are harvested. Through utilization of organic fertilizers and agricultural wastes, the air permeability of the saline-alkali soil is improved, and the overall performance of the soil is improved. High ridges are arranged to be matched with a mulching film, salt and alkali are diluted with water, the salt and alkali content of small planting areas, namely middle ridges, of the land is effectively reduced, salt and alkali are enriched through ditches between the ridges, and then salt and alkali are removed. The saline-alkali land is improved, the planting area of melons is effectively enlarged, and economic benefits are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of melon cultivation, and particularly to a method for cultivating melons using saline-alkali land. Background Art

[0002] Saline-alkali land is mainly distributed in inland semi-humid, semi-arid and arid areas with low-lying terrain and relatively high groundwater levels. Coastal saline-alkali soil is formed by seawater immersion, and the salts in inland saline-alkali soil mainly originate from rock weathering or the evaporation of rising groundwater. The salts in saline-alkali land rise to the surface with groundwater through capillary action, and after the water evaporates, the salts are enriched. Improper irrigation or poor drainage is likely to cause secondary salinization.

[0003] Salinization causes soil compaction and poor permeability, forming sheet-like or prismatic structures, which hinder root development, and hard crusts or cracks are likely to appear on the surface soil. The soil fertility of salinized soil is low. The salt ions in it combine with nutrients such as calcium and magnesium to form insoluble substances, resulting in low soil organic matter content and poor nutrients. At the same time, microbial activities are inhibited, the decomposition of organic matter is slow, and the fertilizer retention ability is weak. The high salt osmotic pressure causes physiological dehydration of plants, resulting in wilting and even death. Salt toxicity damages cell membranes and hinders nutrient absorption, especially having a significant impact on the growth of seedlings and root development.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve saline-alkali land and promote its utilization has become a hot issue in current research. Providing a method for cultivating on saline-alkali land to effectively utilize saline-alkali land resources is particularly important. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating melons using saline-alkali land, which realizes the improvement of saline-alkali land, effectively expands the planting area of melons, and improves the utilization of saline-alkali land.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a method for cultivating melons using saline-alkali land, including the following steps:

[0008] (1) Level the saline-alkali land and then irrigate it. After irrigation, let the land dry in the sun until a white saline layer appears on the land surface;

[0009] (2) Remove the saline layer on the land surface, apply base fertilizer to the land, and ridge the land after plowing;

[0010] (3) Water the ridge surface and lay a plastic film, and then plant melon seedlings on the ridge surface;

[0011] (4) Carry out water and fertilizer management on the melon seedlings until the melons are harvested.

[0012] Preferably, the water consumption during irrigation in step (1) is 30 - 40 m 3 / mu. The type of the saline-alkali land is soda saline-alkali land, the salt content of the saline-alkali land is 0.3 - 0.8%, and the pH value is 8.3 - 9.5.

[0013] Preferably, the base fertilizer in step (2) includes urea, decomposed livestock and poultry manure, agricultural waste, and ferrous sulfate;

[0014] The usage amount of the urea is 14 - 16 kg / mu, the usage amount of the decomposed livestock and poultry manure is 1000 - 1200 kg / mu, the usage amount of the agricultural waste is 300 - 500 kg / mu, and the usage amount of the ferrous sulfate is 30 - 40 kg / mu;

[0015] The agricultural waste includes straw, corncob, or waste mushroom sticks. The agricultural waste is crushed to ≤2 cm before use and sterilized before use.

[0016] Preferably, the plowing depth in step (2) is 20 - 25 cm, the height of the ridge during ridging is 15 - 25 cm, the width of the ridge surface is 80 - 100 cm, and the interval between ridges is 30 - 50 cm.

[0017] Preferably, the water consumption during watering in step (3) is 20 - 25 m 3 / mu. The row spacing during the planting of melon seedlings in step (3) is 40 - 60 cm, and the plant spacing is 30 - 40 cm.

[0018] Preferably, the cultivation method of the melon seedlings in step (3) is as follows:

[0019] A. Soak the melon seeds in water for 4 - 6 h, then put them into water at 50 - 55 °C and soak for 15 - 25 min, and then put the melon seeds into the germination-promoting solution and soak for 15 - 25 min;

[0020] B. Take out the seeds and cultivate them at 30 - 32 °C until the seeds show white, and then sow the melon seeds into the seedling-raising substrate to cultivate melon seedlings.

[0021] Preferably, the germination-promoting solution in step A uses water as a solvent and also contains 15 - 25 mg / L of methyl jasmonate and 10 - 20 mg / L of gibberellin;

[0022] The seedling-raising substrate in step B includes the following raw materials in parts by volume: 20 - 30 parts of plow layer soil, 10 - 15 parts of peat, and 10 - 15 parts of perlite. The seedling-raising substrate is sterilized before use.

[0023] Preferably, the water and fertilizer management in step (4) includes water management and topdressing;

[0024] The criteria for the water management are as follows:

[0025] 5 - 7 days after planting, water once on the ridge surface at a rate of 30 - 35 m 3 / mu;

[0026] After the melon seedlings enter the growth period, keep the soil water - holding capacity of the ridge at 60 - 65% before fruit - setting;

[0027] 5 - 7 days after fruit - setting, water once on the ridge surface at a rate of 25 - 30 m 3 / mu; and 10 - 14 days after fruit - setting, water once again on the ridge surface at a rate of 25 - 30 m 3 / mu; until no additional watering is done before harvesting;

[0028] Before each watering, observe the ditch between the ridges. When a white saline - alkali layer appears on the surface of the ditch, remove it before watering.

[0029] Preferably, the method of top - dressing is as follows: 10 - 15 days after planting, top - dress once according to the standard of 2 - 3 kg / mu of urea, 5 - 7 kg / mu of diammonium phosphate, and 2 - 3 kg / mu of potassium sulfate; 30 - 35 days after planting, foliar - spray fulvic acid potassium at a rate of 0.8 - 1.2 kg / mu; once after fruit - setting, top - dress once according to the standard of 20 - 25 kg of diammonium phosphate and 16 - 18 kg / mu of potassium sulfate.

[0030] The present invention provides a method for planting melons using saline - alkali land, which includes the following steps: (1) Level the saline - alkali land and irrigate it. After irrigation, sun the land until a white saline - alkali layer appears on the land surface; (2) Remove the saline - alkali layer on the land surface, apply basal fertilizer to the land, and ridging after plowing; (3) Water on the ridge surface and lay plastic film, and then plant melon seedlings on the ridge surface; (4) Carry out water and fertilizer management on the melon seedlings until the melons are harvested. The planting method of the present invention can effectively utilize the saline - alkali land resources, and popularize ordinary melon varieties to slightly or moderately saline - alkali land. Through the utilization of organic fertilizers and agricultural wastes, the air permeability of the saline - alkali land is improved, and the overall performance of the land is improved. By setting the combination of high ridges and plastic film, diluting the saline - alkali with water, effectively reducing the saline - alkali content in the small planting area of the ridge in the land, and enriching the saline - alkali through the ditch between the ridges, thereby realizing the removal of saline - alkali. The improvement of the saline - alkali land is realized, effectively expanding the planting area of melons, improving the utilization of saline - alkali land, and increasing the economic benefits. Detailed implementation mode

[0031] The present invention provides a method for planting melons using saline - alkali land, which includes the following steps:

[0032] (1) Level the saline-alkali land and irrigate it. After irrigation, dry the land until a white saline-alkali layer appears on the land surface;

[0033] (2) Remove the saline-alkali layer on the land surface, apply basal fertilizer to the land, plow and then form ridges;

[0034] (3) Water the ridge surface and lay plastic film, and then transplant the melon seedlings to the ridge surface;

[0035] (4) Carry out water and fertilizer management on the melon seedlings until the melons are harvested.

[0036] In the present invention, the water consumption during irrigation in step (1) is preferably 30 - 40 m 3 / mu, more preferably 35 m 3 / mu. The type of the saline-alkali land is preferably soda saline-alkali land. The salt content of the saline-alkali land is preferably 0.3 - 0.8%, more preferably 0.5 - 0.6%, and the pH value is preferably 8.3 - 9.5, more preferably 8.5 - 9.0.

[0037] In the present invention, the basal fertilizer in step (2) preferably includes urea, decomposed livestock and poultry manure, agricultural waste, and ferrous sulfate;

[0038] The usage amount of the urea is preferably 14 - 16 kg / mu, more preferably 15 kg / mu. The usage amount of the decomposed livestock and poultry manure is preferably 1000 - 1200 kg / mu, more preferably 1100 kg / mu. The usage amount of the agricultural waste is preferably 300 - 500 kg / mu, more preferably 400 kg / mu. The usage amount of the ferrous sulfate is preferably 30 - 40 kg / mu, more preferably 35 kg / mu;

[0039] The agricultural waste preferably includes straw, corncob, or waste mushroom sticks. Before use, the agricultural waste is preferably crushed to ≤2 cm and preferably sterilized before use.

[0040] In the present invention, the plowing depth in step (2) is preferably 20 - 25 cm, more preferably 22 - 23 cm. The height of the ridge during ridge formation is preferably 15 - 25 cm, more preferably 20 cm. The width of the ridge surface is preferably 80 - 100 cm, more preferably 90 cm. The interval between ridges is preferably 30 - 50 cm, more preferably 40 cm.

[0041] In the present invention, the water consumption during watering in step (3) is preferably 20 - 25 m 3 / mu, more preferably 22 - 23 m 3per mu. When transplanting the melon seedlings, the row spacing is preferably 40 - 60 cm, more preferably 50 cm, and the plant spacing is preferably 30 - 40 cm, more preferably 35 cm.

[0042] In the present invention, the cultivation method of the melon seedlings in step (3) is preferably as follows:

[0043] A. Soak the melon seeds in water for 4 - 6 h, then put them into water at 50 - 55 °C and soak for 15 - 25 min, and then put the melon seeds into the germination-promoting solution and soak for 15 - 25 min;

[0044] B. Take out the seeds and cultivate them at 30 - 32 °C until the seeds show white tips, then sow the melon seeds into the seedling-raising substrate to obtain melon seedlings. More preferably:

[0045] A. Soak the melon seeds in water for 5 h, then put them into water at 52 - 53 °C and soak for 20 min, and then put the melon seeds into the germination-promoting solution and soak for 20 min;

[0046] B. Take out the seeds and cultivate them at 31 °C until the seeds show white tips, then sow the melon seeds into the seedling-raising substrate to obtain melon seedlings.

[0047] In the present invention, the germination-promoting solution in step A preferably uses water as the solvent and also contains methyl jasmonate 15 - 25 mg / L and gibberellin 10 - 20 mg / L. More preferably, it uses water as the solvent and also contains methyl jasmonate 20 mg / L and gibberellin 15 mg / L;

[0048] The seedling-raising substrate in step B preferably includes the following raw materials in parts by volume: 20 - 30 parts of plough layer soil, 10 - 15 parts of peat, and 10 - 15 parts of perlite. More preferably: 25 parts of plough layer soil, 12 - 13 parts of peat, and 12 - 13 parts of perlite. The seedling-raising substrate is preferably sterilized before use.

[0049] In the present invention, the water and fertilizer management in step (4) preferably includes water management and topdressing;

[0050] The standard of the water management is preferably:

[0051] Water once on the ridge surface at a standard of 30 - 35 m 3 / mu 5 - 7 days after transplanting;

[0052] After the melon seedlings enter the growth period, keep the soil water holding capacity of the ridge at 60 - 65% before fruit setting;

[0053] Water once on the ridge surface at a standard of 25 - 30 m 3 / mu 5 - 7 days after fruit setting, and water once on the ridge surface at a standard of 25 - 30 m 10 - 14 days after fruit setting3 Water once again according to the standard of 32 - 33 m³ / mu until no additional watering is done before harvesting.

[0054] More preferably, 6 days after transplanting, water once on the ridge surface according to the standard of 32 - 33 m³ / mu; 3 Water once according to the standard of 32 - 33 m³ / mu;

[0055] After the melon seedlings enter the growth stage, keep the soil water holding capacity of the ridge at 62 - 63% before fruit setting;

[0056] 6 days after fruit setting, water once on the ridge surface according to the standard of 27 - 28 m³ / mu, and 12 - 13 days after fruit setting, water once again on the ridge surface according to the standard of 27 - 28 m³ / mu until no additional watering is done before harvesting; 3 / mu, and 12 - 13 days after fruit setting, water once again on the ridge surface according to the standard of 27 - 28 m³ / mu until no additional watering is done before harvesting; 3 Water once again according to the standard of 27 - 28 m³ / mu until no additional watering is done before harvesting;

[0057] Preferably, observe the ditch between ridges before each watering. When a white saline - alkali layer appears on the surface of the ditch, remove it before watering.

[0058] In the present invention, the method of top - dressing is preferably as follows: 10 - 15 days after transplanting, top - dress once according to the standard of 2 - 3 kg / acre of urea, 5 - 7 kg / acre of diammonium phosphate, and 2 - 3 kg / acre of potassium sulfate; 30 - 35 days after transplanting, foliar - spray potassium fulvate according to the standard of 0.8 - 1.2 kg / acre; after fruit setting, top - dress once according to the standard of 20 - 25 kg of diammonium phosphate and 16 - 18 kg / acre of potassium sulfate. More preferably, 12 - 13 days after transplanting, top - dress once according to the standard of 2.5 kg / acre of urea, 6 kg / acre of diammonium phosphate, and 2.5 kg / acre of potassium sulfate; 32 - 33 days after transplanting, foliar - spray potassium fulvate according to the standard of 1 kg / acre; after fruit setting, top - dress once according to the standard of 22 - 23 kg of diammonium phosphate and 17 kg / acre of potassium sulfate.

[0059] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] A method for planting melons on saline - alkali land, comprising the following steps:

[0062] (1) Level the saline - alkali land and irrigate once with a watering amount of 30 m³ / mu. After irrigation, dry the land until a white saline - alkali layer appears on the land surface; 3 Irrigate once with a watering amount of 30 m³ / mu. After irrigation, dry the land until a white saline - alkali layer appears on the land surface;

[0063] (2) Remove the saline-alkali layer on the soil surface, and apply basal fertilizer to the soil according to the standards of 16 kg / mu of urea, 1000 kg / mu of decomposed livestock and poultry manure, 300 kg / mu of waste mushroom sticks (crushed to ≤2 cm and sterilized before use), and 30 kg / mu of ferrous sulfate. Then plow the soil to a depth of 25 cm, and ridge the soil according to the standards of a ridge height of 15 cm, a ridge surface width of 100 cm, and a spacing of 30 cm between ridges;

[0064] (3) Soak the melon seeds in water for 6 h, then soak them in water at 50 °C for 25 min, and then soak the melon seeds in a germination-promoting solution (an aqueous solution containing 15 mg / L of methyl jasmonate and 20 mg / L of gibberellin) for 15 min;

[0065] (4) Take out the seeds and cultivate them at 32 °C until the seeds show white tips. Then sow the melon seeds into a sterilized seedling-raising substrate (20 parts of plow layer soil, 15 parts of peat, and 15 parts of perlite) to obtain melon seedlings;

[0066] (5) Irrigate once on the ridge surface according to the watering amount of 20 m 3 / mu. After irrigation, lay plastic film, and then transplant the melon seedlings onto the ridge surface according to the standards of a row spacing of 60 cm and a plant spacing of 30 cm;

[0067] (6) 7 days after transplanting the melon seedlings, water once on the ridge surface according to the standard of 30 m 3 / mu;

[0068] After the melon seedlings enter the growth period, keep the soil water holding capacity of the ridge at 65% before fruit setting;

[0069] 7 days after fruit setting, water once on the ridge surface according to the standard of 25 m 3 / mu, and water once again on the ridge surface according to the standard of 30 m 3 / mu 10 days after fruit setting, and do not water additionally until before harvesting;

[0070] Before each watering, observe the ditch between the ridges, and remove the white saline-alkali layer on the surface of the ditch before watering;

[0071] 15 days after transplanting, topdress once according to the standards of 2 kg / mu of urea, 5 kg / mu of diammonium phosphate, and 3 kg / mu of potassium sulfate; 30 days after transplanting, foliar spray fulvic acid potassium according to the standard of 0.8 kg / mu; once after fruit setting, topdress once according to the standards of 25 kg of diammonium phosphate and 18 kg / mu of potassium sulfate;

[0072] (7) Harvest the melons.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] A method for planting melons on saline-alkali land, comprising the following steps:

[0075] (1) Level the saline-alkali land and irrigate it once with a watering amount of 40 m 3 / mu. After irrigation, let the land dry in the sun until a white saline-alkali layer appears on the land surface;

[0076] (2) Remove the saline-alkali layer on the land surface and apply basal fertilizers to the land according to the standards of 14 kg of urea / mu, 1200 kg of decomposed livestock and poultry manure / mu, 500 kg of straw, corn cobs or waste mushroom sticks / mu (crush to ≤2 cm and sterilize before use), and 40 kg of ferrous sulfate / mu. Then plow the land to a depth of 20 cm. After plowing, ridging is carried out according to the standards of a ridge height of 25 cm, a ridge surface width of 80 cm, and a spacing of 50 cm between ridges;

[0077] (3) Soak the melon seeds in water for 4 h, then put them into water at 55 °C and soak for 15 min. Then put the melon seeds into a germination-promoting solution (an aqueous solution containing 25 mg / L of methyl jasmonate and 10 mg / L of gibberellin) and soak for 25 min;

[0078] (4) Take out the seeds and cultivate them at 30 °C until the seeds show white tips. Then sow the melon seeds into a sterilized seedling-raising substrate (30 parts of plow layer soil, 10 parts of peat, and 10 parts of perlite) to cultivate melon seedlings;

[0079] (5) Irrigate once on the ridge surface with a watering amount of 25 m 3 / mu. After irrigation, lay plastic film. Then transplant the melon seedlings onto the ridge surface according to the standards of a row spacing of 40 cm and a plant spacing of 40 cm;

[0080] (6) 5 days after transplanting the melon seedlings, water once on the ridge surface according to the standard of 35 m 3 / mu;

[0081] After the melon seedlings enter the growth period, keep the soil water holding capacity of the ridge at 60% before fruit setting;

[0082] 5 days after fruit setting, water once on the ridge surface according to the standard of 30 m 3 / mu. 14 days after fruit setting, water once again on the ridge surface according to the standard of 25 m 3 / mu, and do not water additionally until before harvesting;

[0083] Observe the ditch between ridges before each watering. When a white saline-alkali layer appears on the surface of the ditch, remove it before watering;

[0084] 10 days after transplanting, topdress once according to the standards of 3 kg of urea / mu, 7 kg of diammonium phosphate / mu, and 2 kg of potassium sulfate / mu; 35 days after transplanting, foliar spray fulvic acid potassium according to the standard of 1.2 kg / mu; after fruit setting, topdress once according to the standards of 20 kg of diammonium phosphate and 16 kg of potassium sulfate / mu;

[0085] (7) Harvest melons.

[0086] Example 3

[0087] A method for growing melons using saline-alkali land, comprising the following steps:

[0088] (1) After leveling the saline-alkali land, irrigate it once with a watering amount of 35 m 3 / mu, and after irrigation, let the land dry in the sun until a white saline-alkali layer appears on the land surface;

[0089] (2) Remove the saline-alkali layer on the land surface, and apply base fertilizer to the land according to the standards of 15 kg / mu of urea, 1100 kg / mu of decomposed livestock and poultry manure, 400 kg / mu of straw, corn cob or waste mushroom sticks (crush to ≤2 cm and sterilize before use), and 35 kg / mu of ferrous sulfate. Plow the land to a depth of 23 cm, and after plowing, ridge up according to the standards of a ridge height of 20 cm, a ridge surface width of 90 cm, and a spacing of 40 cm between ridges;

[0090] (3) Soak the melon seeds in water for 5 h, then soak them in water at 53 °C for 20 min, and then soak the melon seeds in a germination-promoting solution (an aqueous solution containing 20 mg / L of methyl jasmonate and 15 mg / L of gibberellin) for 20 min;

[0091] (4) Take out the seeds and cultivate them at 31 °C until the seeds show white tips, and then sow the melon seeds into a sterilized seedling-raising substrate (25 parts of plow layer soil, 13 parts of peat, and 13 parts of perlite) to obtain melon seedlings;

[0092] (5) Irrigate once on the ridge surface with a watering amount of 22 m 3 / mu. After irrigation, lay plastic film, and then transplant the melon seedlings onto the ridge surface according to the standards of a row spacing of 50 cm and a plant spacing of 35 cm;

[0093] (6) 6 days after transplanting the melon seedlings, water once on the ridge surface according to the standard of 33 m 3 / mu;

[0094] After the melon seedlings enter the growth period, keep the soil water holding capacity of the ridge at 62% before fruit setting;

[0095] 6 days after fruit setting, water once on the ridge surface according to the standard of 28 m 3 / mu, and 12 days after fruit setting, water once again on the ridge surface according to the standard of 27 m 3 / mu, and do not water additionally until harvest;

[0096] Before each watering, observe the ditch between the ridges, and remove the white saline-alkali layer on the surface of the ditch before watering;

[0097] At 13 days after planting, topdress once according to the standard of 2.5 kg / mu of urea, 6 kg / mu of diammonium phosphate, and 2.5 kg / mu of potassium sulfate; at 33 days after planting, foliar spray fulvic acid potassium according to the standard of 1 kg / mu; after fruit setting, topdress once according to the standard of 23 kg of diammonium phosphate and 17 kg / mu of potassium sulfate;

[0098] (7) Harvest melons.

[0099] Test example

[0100] This experiment was carried out in Zhenlai County, Baicheng City, Jilin Province. A soda saline-alkali land with an area of 40 mu was selected. After detecting the land, it was found that the salt content of the land was 0.47% and the pH value was 8.9. The land was evenly divided into 4 plots, each with 10 mu, numbered as experimental groups 1-3 and the control group.

[0101] Experimental groups 1-3 were planted according to the methods of Examples 1-3 respectively, and the control group was directly sown and managed for water and fertilizer according to the conventional method. The melon variety planted was Green Treasure melon. After harvesting, the mu yield and sugar content of melons in each plot were counted, and the salt content and pH value of the land were re-detected. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0102] Table 1

[0103] Group Yield per mu (kg / mu) Sugar content (%) Salt content (%) pH Experimental Group 1 3216.8 21.7 0.18 7.4 Experimental Group 2 3233.0 22.0 0.13 7.6 Experimental Group 3 3167.1 21.6 0.16 7.4 Control Group 2616.9 16.7 0.33 8.3

[0104] Conclusion: By adopting the planting method of the present invention, it is possible to effectively reduce the salt content and pH value of the planting area, popularize the planting of melons to slightly or moderately saline-alkali lands, and there is no obvious difference in the yield and quality of the planted melons compared with those in conventional lands, which has significant economic benefits.

[0105] As can be seen from the above examples, the present invention provides a method for planting melons using saline-alkali land, including the following steps: (1) Level the saline-alkali land and irrigate it, and then let the land dry in the sun until a white saline-alkali layer appears on the land surface; (2) Remove the saline-alkali layer on the land surface, apply base fertilizer to the land, and plow and ridging after turning over; (3) Water the ridge surface and lay plastic film, and then plant melon seedlings on the ridge surface; (4) Carry out water and fertilizer management on the melon seedlings until the melons are harvested. The planting method of the present invention can effectively utilize the saline-alkali land resources and popularize ordinary melon varieties to slightly or moderately saline-alkali lands. By using organic fertilizers and agricultural waste, the air permeability of the saline-alkali land is improved, and the overall performance of the land is improved. By setting high ridges in cooperation with plastic film, the saline-alkali is diluted with water, and the saline-alkali content in the small planting area of the ridge in the land is effectively reduced. The saline-alkali is enriched through the ditch between the ridges, and then the removal of saline-alkali is realized. The improvement of the saline-alkali land is realized, the planting area of melons is effectively expanded, the utilization of the saline-alkali land is improved, and the economic benefits are improved.

[0106] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for growing melons using saline-alkali land, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Level the saline-alkali land and irrigate it, then air-dry the land until a white saline-alkali layer appears on the surface of the land; (2) Remove the saline-alkali layer on the surface of the soil, apply basal fertilizer to the soil, and ridge the soil after plowing; (3) watering the ridge surface and laying a mulch film, and then planting the melon seedlings on the ridge surface; (4) Manage water and fertilizer for the melon seedlings until the melons are harvested.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The water consumption during irrigation in step (1) is 30 to 40 m 3 / mu, the type of saline-alkali land is soda saline-alkali land, the salt content of the saline-alkali land is 0.3-0.8%, and the pH value is 8.3-9.

5.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The base fertilizer in step (2) includes urea, decomposed livestock and poultry manure, agricultural waste and ferrous sulfate; The usage amount of the urea is 14-16 kg / mu, the usage amount of the decomposed livestock and poultry manure is 1000-1200 kg / mu, the usage amount of the agricultural waste is 300-500 kg / mu, and the usage amount of the ferrous sulfate is 30-40 kg / mu; The agricultural waste includes straw, corn cobs or discarded mushroom sticks. The agricultural waste is crushed to ≤2 cm before use, and the agricultural waste is sterilized before use.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The tillage depth in step (2) is 20-25 cm, the ridge height is 15-25 cm, the ridge width is 80-100 cm, and the interval between ridges is 30-50 cm.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The water consumption during watering in step (3) is 20 to 25 m 3 / mu, the row spacing of the melon seedlings when planted is 40-60cm, and the plant spacing is 30-40cm.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The method for cultivating the muskmelon seedlings in step (3) is as follows: A. Soak the melon seeds in water for 4 to 6 hours, then soak them in 50 to 55°C water for 15 to 25 minutes, and then soak them in germination solution for 15 to 25 minutes; B. Take out the seeds and culture them at 30-32℃ until the seeds turn white. Then sow the melon seeds into the seedling medium to cultivate melon seedlings.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The germination solution in step A uses water as a solvent and also contains 15-25 mg / L of methyl jasmonate and 10-20 mg / L of gibberellin; The seedling matrix in step B comprises the following raw materials in parts by volume: 20 to 30 parts of plough soil, 10 to 15 parts of peat, and 10 to 15 parts of perlite. The seedling matrix is ​​sterilized before use.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The water and fertilizer management in step (4) includes water management and topdressing; The standards for moisture management are: 5-7 days after planting, spread the soil on the ridge surface at a rate of 30-35m 3 / mu standard watering once; After the melon seedlings enter the growth period, the soil water holding capacity of the ridge should be maintained at 60-65% before fruit setting; 5-7 days after fruit setting, press 25-30m on the ridge surface 3 Water once per mu according to the standard. 10-14 days after fruit setting, water the ridge surface at 25-30m 3 / acre standard and water once more until harvest without additional watering; Observe the furrows between ridges before watering each time. If a white saline-alkali layer appears on the surface of the furrow, remove it before watering.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The method of topdressing is: 10 to 15 days after transplanting, apply topdressing once according to the standard of 2 to 3 kg / mu of urea, 5 to 7 kg / mu of diammonium phosphate, and 2 to 3 kg / mu of potassium sulfate; 30 to 35 days after transplanting, spray potassium humate on the leaves according to the standard of 0.8 to 1.2 kg / mu; after fruit setting, apply topdressing once according to the standard of 20 to 25 kg of diammonium phosphate and 16 to 18 kg / mu of potassium sulfate.