A device for deep purification of heavy metals in hydrometallurgy

Abstract

The present application relates to heavy metal purification technical field, more specifically, it relates to a kind of wet metallurgy in depth purification and heavy metal removal device, including reaction kettle, the reaction kettle is provided with liquid inlet, feeding port and liquid outlet, the liquid outlet is provided with door plate, the door plate is used to control the opening and closing of the liquid outlet, the reaction kettle is connected with circulating pipeline, the circulating pipeline is provided with circulating pump, multiple layers of filter plate are arranged in the reaction kettle from top to bottom, the filter plate is provided with filter hole, the filter hole size of multiple layers of filter plate gradually reduces from top to bottom, a kind of wet metallurgy in depth purification and heavy metal removal device of the present application can avoid more precipitate to be concentrated and intercepted on the filter plate of the uppermost layer, avoid the uppermost layer filter plate to be too heavy, to avoid filter plate blockage, improve the discharge efficiency when purifying solution is discharged from liquid outlet in subsequent step.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of heavy metal purification, and particularly relates to a device for deep purification of heavy metals in hydrometallurgy. BACKGROUND

[0002] Hydrometallurgy is a process of extracting metals from ores using chemical solutions, commonly used for the extraction of metals such as copper, zinc, and uranium. The process includes steps such as leaching, concentration, and purification. In the leaching stage, the ore reacts with an acidic or alkaline solution, and metal ions enter the solution, forming a heavy metal-containing solution. These solutions usually contain heavy metal ions such as copper, nickel, and cadmium, which may pollute the environment. To purify the heavy metal solution, chemical precipitation, ion exchange, solvent extraction, or electrochemical methods can be used to separate and recover heavy metal ions from the solution, reducing environmental pollution.

[0003] Chemical precipitation method, also known as chemical reagent method, its principle is through adding heavy metal capture agent to heavy metal solution, heavy metal capture agent reacts with heavy metal ions, generates precipitate which is insoluble in water, then removes by filtration or precipitation. In the existing technology, in the reaction kettle for purifying heavy metal solution, usually uses a filter plate or multiple filter plates of the same specification for filtration, when the concentration of heavy metal solution is high, resulting in too much precipitate, such filtration is easy to cause single filter plate or the uppermost filter plate to be overloaded, and then cause the filter plate to be blocked, affecting the discharge efficiency of the purified solution. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a device for deep purification of heavy metals in hydrometallurgy.

[0005] The device for deep purification of heavy metals in hydrometallurgy provided by the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] A device for deep purification of heavy metals in hydrometallurgy, comprising a reaction kettle, the reaction kettle is provided with a liquid inlet, a feeding port and a liquid outlet, the liquid outlet is provided with a door plate, the door plate is used to control the opening and closing of the liquid outlet; the reaction kettle is connected with a circulating pipeline, the circulating pipeline is provided with a circulating pump; a plurality of filter plates are arranged in the reaction kettle from top to bottom, the filter plates are provided with filter holes, and the sizes of the filter holes of the plurality of filter plates gradually decrease from top to bottom.

[0007] Preferably, the top of the reaction kettle is provided with a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is connected with the door plate of the liquid outlet, the driving mechanism controls the door plate to ascend and descend, the driving mechanism controls the door plate to open the liquid outlet after rising, and the driving mechanism controls the door plate to close the liquid outlet after descending.

[0008] Preferably, connecting rods are sequentially connected between the multiple layers of filter plates, and the driving mechanism is connected to the door panel through the filter plates.

[0009] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a base, a rotating cylinder, a screw and a motor, the base is arranged on the top of the reactor, the upper end of the rotating cylinder is rotatably connected to the base, the lower end of the rotating cylinder downwardly passes through the top of the reactor, and a threaded hole is opened at the lower end of the rotating cylinder; the upper end of the screw is threadedly connected to the lower end of the rotating cylinder, and the lower end of the screw is fixedly connected to the filter plate; the motor is arranged on the base, the motor is connected to the rotating cylinder through a gear set, and the motor is used to control the rotation of the rotating cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the reactor is provided with a maximum water level line, and a water level sensor is provided on the top of the reactor, and the water level sensor is used to monitor the water level of the heavy metal solution in the reactor.

[0011] Preferably, a discharge pipe is provided at the liquid outlet, and the discharge pipe is connected to the outer wall of the reactor; a guide column is provided at the top of the reactor, the base of the driving mechanism is vertically inserted into the guide column, and a horizontal clamping hole is opened between the outer wall of the base and the guide column, and a control cylinder is provided at the top of the reactor, and the control cylinder has a telescopic rod, and the telescopic rod of the control cylinder is horizontally aligned with the clamping hole. When the driving mechanism controls the filter plate and the door panel to rise and fall, the control cylinder extends the telescopic rod into the clamping hole; the base is connected to a connecting rod, the upper end of the connecting rod is horizontally connected to the base, and the lower end is vertically inserted into the discharge pipe, and a baffle is provided at the lower end of the connecting rod; the control cylinder, the motor and the water level sensor are signal-connected. When the water level sensor detects that the water level in the reactor exceeds the highest water level line, the motor stops, and the control cylinder controls the telescopic rod to leave the clamping hole.

[0012] Preferably, one section of the connecting rod is a rubber section.

[0013] Preferably, the connecting rod is connected to a handle.

[0014] Preferably, the circulation pipeline includes a pipeline inlet and a pipeline outlet, the pipeline inlet is located below the filter plate, and the pipeline outlet is located above the highest water level line.

[0015] Preferably, the feeding port is arranged at the top of the circulation pipeline.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] When heavy metal ions react with heavy metal scavengers to generate water-insoluble precipitates, larger precipitates are first intercepted on the first filter plate, medium-sized precipitates are then intercepted on the second filter plate, and smaller precipitates are finally intercepted on the third filter plate, so as to avoid a large amount of precipitates being concentrated and intercepted on the top filter plate, avoid overloading the top filter plate, thereby avoiding clogging of the filter plate and improving the discharge efficiency of the purified solution when it is discharged from the liquid outlet in subsequent steps. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the device in the embodiment of the present application when the liquid outlet is closed;

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a structural cross-sectional view of the device in the embodiment of the present application when the liquid outlet is opened.

[0021] Explanation of the accompanying symbols: 1. Reactor; 11. Liquid inlet; 12. Feeding port; 13. Liquid outlet; 14. Door panel; 15. Discharge pipe; 21. Circulation pipe; 22. Circulation pump; 31. First filter plate; 32. Second filter plate; 33. Third filter plate; 34. Connecting rod; 41. Base; 42. Rotating cylinder; 43. Screw; 44. Motor; 45. Gear set; 51. Maximum water level line; 52. Water level sensor; 61. Guide column; 62. Snap-in hole; 63. Control cylinder; 64. Telescopic rod; 71. Linking rod; 72. Baffle; 73. Rubber segment; 74. Handle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined Figure 1-Figure 3 The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0023] This embodiment discloses a device for deep purification and removal of heavy metals in hydrometallurgy.

[0024] Reference Figure 1The device for deep purification of heavy metals in hydrometallurgy comprises a reaction kettle 1, which is provided with a liquid inlet 11, a feeding port 12 and a liquid outlet 13. The liquid inlet 11 is used for the heavy metal solution to be purified to enter the reaction kettle 1, the feeding port 12 is used for the heavy metal capturing agent to be fed into the heavy metal solution in the reaction kettle 1, and the liquid outlet 13 is used for the solution after purification to flow out. The liquid outlet 13 is provided with a door plate 14, which is used for controlling the opening and closing of the liquid outlet 13. The reaction kettle 1 is in a rectangular cylindrical shape, and a rectangular cavity is formed in the inside of the reaction kettle 1. The rectangular cavity of the reaction kettle 1 is communicated with a circulating pipeline 21, which is provided with a circulating pump 22. The circulating pump 22 is used for improving the flowability of the heavy metal solution in the reaction kettle 1, so that the heavy metal solution and the heavy metal capturing agent can be fully contacted, the precipitation is accelerated, and the purification speed is improved. Further, a plurality of filter plates are arranged in the rectangular cavity of the reaction kettle 1. A plurality of filter holes are vertically and throughly formed on each filter plate. In this embodiment, the number of layers of the filter plates is three. The plurality of filter plates include a first filter plate 31, a second filter plate 32 and a third filter plate 33 from top to bottom, and the sizes of the filter holes between the first filter plate 31, the second filter plate 32 and the third filter plate 33 gradually decrease. Through the above arrangement, when the heavy metal ions react with the heavy metal capturing agent and generate precipitates that are insoluble in water, the larger precipitates are first intercepted on the first filter plate 31, the medium-sized precipitates are then intercepted on the second filter plate 32, and the smaller precipitates are finally intercepted on the third filter plate 33. In this way, the precipitates are prevented from being concentrated and intercepted on the uppermost filter plate, the burden of the uppermost filter plate is prevented from being too heavy, the filter plate is prevented from being blocked, and the discharge efficiency of the purified solution from the liquid outlet 13 in the subsequent step is improved. It should be noted that the circulating pump 22 also makes the solution flow between the first filter plate 31, the second filter plate 32 and the third filter plate 33, so as to ensure that the precipitates of the heavy metal solution are fully filtered. When the purification in the reaction kettle 1 is completed, the circulating pump 22 stops working.

[0025] With reference to Figure 1The inner and outer walls of the reactor 1 are both provided with a maximum water level line 51 at the same height. A transparent window is provided at the location where the maximum water level line 51 is provided, so that the staff can observe from the outside whether the amount of heavy metal solution exceeds the maximum water level line 51, thereby avoiding the problem of overflow or pressure overload caused by excessive heavy metal solution. A water level sensor 52 is also provided on the top of the reactor 1, and the water level sensor 52 is used to monitor the water level of the heavy metal solution in the reactor 1. The circulation pipe 21 includes a pipe inlet and a pipe outlet. The pipe inlet is located below the third filter plate 33. The heavy metal solution in the rectangular cavity of the reactor 1 enters the circulation pipe 21 through the pipe inlet. The pipe outlet is located above the maximum water level line 51. The heavy metal solution in the circulation pipe 21 flows back into the rectangular cavity of the reactor 1 through the pipe outlet. By increasing the height difference between the pipe inlet and the pipe outlet, the height of the reactor 1 can be fully utilized, the path of the heavy metal solution can be extended, and the heavy metal ions and the heavy metal scavenger can be fully reacted. In this embodiment, the feeding port 12 is provided at the top of the circulation pipe 21 so that the fed heavy metal capture agent can offset the heavy metal solution in the circulation process, thereby improving the reaction effect.

[0026] Reference Figures 1 to 3The top of the reactor 1 is provided with a drive mechanism, which is connected to a door panel 14 of the liquid outlet 13. The drive mechanism controls the lifting and lowering of the door panel 14. When the drive mechanism controls the door panel 14 to rise, the liquid outlet 13 is opened, and when the drive mechanism controls the door panel 14 to descend, the liquid outlet 13 is closed. Furthermore, connecting rods 34 are sequentially connected between the first filter plate 31, the second filter plate 32, and the third filter plate 33, so that the three filter plates form an integrated structure. The three filter plates are vertically slidably arranged within the rectangular cavity of the reactor 1. The drive mechanism connects the three filter plates to the door panel 14, that is, the three filter plates and the door panel 14 are raised and lowered synchronously. The purpose is that when the three filter plates are raised synchronously during the liquid discharge process, due to the weight and inertia of the purified solution above the filter plates, the raised filter plates can force the purified solution above them to pass through faster, thereby increasing the liquid discharge rate. Specifically, the drive mechanism includes a base 41, a rotating drum 42, a screw 43, and a motor 44. The base 41 is mounted on the top of the reactor 1. The upper end of the rotating drum 42 is rotatably connected to the base 41. The rotating axis of the rotating drum 42 is vertical. The lower end of the rotating drum 42 extends downward through the top of the reactor 1 and has a threaded hole. The upper end of the screw 43 is threadedly connected to the lower end of the rotating drum 42, and the lower end of the screw 43 is fixedly connected to the first filter plate 31. The motor 44 is mounted on the base 41 and connected to the rotating drum 42 via a gear train 45. The motor 44 is used to control the rotation of the rotating drum 42. Based on the driving mechanism set up above, when the purified solution needs to be discharged, the motor 44 first drives the rotating cylinder 42 to rotate through the gear set 45. Then, since the rotation of the three-layer filter plate is restricted, relative rotation will occur between the rotating cylinder 42 and the screw 43, thereby driving the screw 43 threadedly connected thereto to move upward. The screw 43 then drives the three-layer filter plate and the door plate 14 to rise upward, and finally opens the liquid outlet 13. When the motor 44 controls the rotating cylinder 42 to rotate in the opposite direction, the three-layer filter plate and the door plate 14 are lowered, thereby realizing the driving mechanism's control over the lifting and lowering of the three-layer filter plate and the liquid outlet 13.

[0027] Reference Figures 1 to 3 , a discharge pipe 15 is provided at the liquid outlet 13, and the discharge pipe 15 is connected to the outer wall of the reactor 1, and the discharge pipe 15 is used to guide the purified solution to be discharged. The discharge pipe 15 is L-shaped, including a horizontal pipe and a vertical pipe, the inner end of the horizontal pipe is horizontally connected to the liquid outlet 13, and the upper end of the vertical pipe is vertically connected to the outer end of the horizontal pipe. Furthermore, in the process of the driving mechanism lifting the three-layer filter plate to speed up the liquid discharge, since there are sediments on the three-layer filter plates, there may be a situation where the filter holes are clogged, resulting in the purified solution being unable to pass through the filter plates in time, which on the one hand reduces the effect of speeding up the liquid discharge, and on the other hand causes the liquid level to rise rapidly, which calmly causes the water level in the reactor 1 to exceed the highest water level line 51. In order to solve this problem, the present application further makes the following improvements.

[0028] Reference Figures 1 to 3The top of the reaction kettle 1 is provided with guide columns 61, the base 41 of the driving mechanism is vertically inserted on the guide columns 61, and a horizontal clamping hole 62 is formed between the outer wall of the base 41 and one of the guide columns 61. The top of the reaction kettle 1 is also provided with a control cylinder 63, which is horizontally arranged, and the control cylinder 63 has a telescopic rod 64, which is horizontally aligned with the clamping hole 62. When the driving mechanism controls the filter plate and the door plate 14 to rise and fall, the telescopic rod 64 of the control cylinder 63 is inserted into the clamping hole 62 to fix the base 41. Further, the base 41 is connected with a linkage rod 71, which is L-shaped, the upper end of the linkage rod 71 is transversely connected to the base 41, and the lower end is vertically inserted into the vertical pipe of the discharge pipe 15, and the lower end of the linkage rod 71 is also provided with a baffle 72, the cross section of the baffle 72 is smaller than that of the vertical pipe of the discharge pipe 15. In addition, the control cylinder 63, the motor 44 and the water level sensor 52 are signal connected, when the water level sensor 52 senses that the water level in the reaction kettle 1 exceeds the highest water level line 51, the motor 44 stops rotating first, and then the control cylinder 63 controls the telescopic rod 64 to retract, and the fixed state of the base 41 is released, at this time, the discharge of the purification liquid will cause impact on the baffle 72 at the lower end of the linkage rod 71, and vibration will be generated, the vibration effect is transmitted to the base 41 through the linkage rod 71, and then transmitted to the rotating drum 42, the screw rod 43 and the three-layer filter plate in turn, the vibration can dredge the three-layer filter plate, ensure that the purification solution can smoothly pass through the filter plate, and ensure the discharge speed of the purification solution. After the water level in the reaction kettle 1 returns to normal, the base 41 of the driving mechanism is fixed again under the control of the control cylinder 63, and the motor 44 of the driving mechanism continues to operate. As described above, during the liquid discharge stage, if the water level exceeds the highest water level line 51 due to the blockage of the filter plate, the vibration effect generated during the liquid discharge process is used to dredge the filter plate, and finally the above problem is solved.

[0029] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 3 , in order to improve the vibration effect, one section of the linkage rod 71 is a rubber section 73, the impact of the water flow prolongs the rubber section 73, and the elasticity of the rubber section 73 restores its shape, under the repeated action of the impact force and the elastic restoring force, finally the linkage rod 71 improves the vibration effect by using the rubber section 73. In addition, the linkage rod 71 is also connected with a handle 74, so that when necessary, the staff can move up and down repeatedly by operating the linkage rod 71 to dredge the blocked filter plate.

[0030] The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, which do not limit the protection scope of the present application, therefore: any equivalent changes made on the structure, shape, principle of the present application shall be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for deep purification and removal of heavy metals in hydrometallurgy, characterized by: The invention comprises a reactor (1), wherein the reactor (1) is provided with a liquid inlet (11), a feeding port (12) and a liquid outlet (13), wherein the liquid outlet (13) is provided with a door plate (14), and the door plate (14) is used to control the opening and closing of the liquid outlet (13); the reactor (1) is connected with a circulation pipe (21), and the circulation pipe (21) is provided with a circulation pump (22); three layers of filter plates are provided from top to bottom in the reactor (1), and the filter plates are provided with filter holes, and the filter holes of the three layers of the filter plates gradually decrease in size from top to bottom; A driving mechanism is provided on the top of the reactor (1), the driving mechanism being connected to the door panel (14) of the liquid outlet (13), the driving mechanism controlling the door panel (14) to rise and fall, the driving mechanism controlling the door panel (14) to rise to open the liquid outlet (13), and the driving mechanism controlling the door panel (14) to descend to close the liquid outlet (13); Connecting rods (34) are sequentially connected between the three filter plates, and the driving mechanism is connected to the door plate (14) through the filter plates; The driving mechanism comprises a base (41), a rotating cylinder (42), a screw (43) and a motor (44); the base (41) is arranged on the top of the reactor (1); the upper end of the rotating cylinder (42) is rotatably connected to the base (41); the lower end of the rotating cylinder (42) passes downward through the top of the reactor (1); a threaded hole is provided at the lower end of the rotating cylinder (42); the upper end of the screw (43) is threadedly connected to the lower end of the rotating cylinder (42); the lower end of the screw (43) is fixedly connected to the filter plate (31); the motor (44) is arranged on the base (41); the motor (44) is connected to the rotating cylinder (42) through a gear set (45); the motor (44) is used to control the rotating cylinder (42) to rotate; The reactor (1) is provided with a maximum water level line (51), and a water level sensor (52) is provided on the top of the reactor (1), and the water level sensor (52) is used to monitor the water level of the heavy metal solution in the reactor (1); A discharge pipe (15) is provided at the liquid outlet (13), and the discharge pipe (15) is connected to the outer wall of the reactor (1); a guide column (61) is provided on the top of the reactor (1), and the base (41) of the driving mechanism is vertically plugged into the guide column (61), and a horizontal clamping hole (62) is provided between the outer wall of the base (41) and the guide column (61); a control cylinder (63) is provided on the top of the reactor (1), and the control cylinder (63) has a telescopic rod (64), and the telescopic rod (64) of the control cylinder (63) is horizontally aligned with the clamping hole (62). When the driving mechanism controls the filter plate and the door panel (14) to rise and fall, the control cylinder (63) extends the telescopic rod (64) into the clamping hole (62); the base (41) is connected to a connecting rod (71), and the connecting rod ( The upper end of the linkage rod (71) is horizontally connected to the base (41), and the lower end is vertically inserted into the vertical pipe of the discharge pipe (15). The lower end of the linkage rod (71) is provided with a baffle (72), and the cross section of the baffle (72) is smaller than the cross section of the vertical pipe of the discharge pipe (15); the control cylinder (63), the motor (44) and the water level sensor (52) are connected by signal. In the process of the driving mechanism lifting the three layers of the filter plates to speed up the discharge of liquid, due to the presence of sediment on the three layers of the filter plates, the filter holes are clogged, resulting in the inability of the purified solution to pass through the filter plates in time, causing the liquid level to rise. When the water level sensor (52) detects that the water level in the reactor (1) exceeds the highest water level line (51), the motor (44) stops, and the control cylinder (63) controls the telescopic rod (64) to leave the clamping hole (62).

2. The device for deep purification and removal of heavy metals in hydrometallurgy according to claim 1, characterized in that: One section of the connecting rod (71) is a rubber section (73).

3. The device for deep purification and removal of heavy metals in hydrometallurgy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rod (71) is connected to a handle (74).

4. The device for deep purification and removal of heavy metals in hydrometallurgy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulation pipe (21) comprises a pipe inlet and a pipe outlet, wherein the pipe inlet is located below the filter plate, and the pipe outlet is located above the highest water level line (51).

5. The device for deep purification and removal of heavy metals in hydrometallurgy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The feeding port (12) is arranged at the top of the circulation pipe (21).

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