Silicon carbide hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace and working process thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a silicon carbide hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace, and relates to the technical field of industrial hydrochloric acid preparation. The silicon carbide hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace comprises a synthesis section, a byproduct steam section, an absorption section and a separation section, the synthesis section is fixedly connected with the byproduct steam section, the byproduct steam section is fixedly connected with the absorption section, and the absorption section is fixedly connected with the separation section. The synthetic furnace can adopt an upper ignition mode, the ignition mode can be well matched with the hydrogen chloride absorption function, the hydrogen chloride preparation function, the byproduct high-temperature steam preparation function and the hydrochloric acid absorption function are integrated in one synthetic furnace, and the problem that a traditional synthetic furnace cannot be provided with the hydrochloric acid absorption function at the same time due to a lower ignition mode is solved. The number of equipment and supporting facilities are reduced, and the cost of the device for preparing the hydrochloric acid by synthesizing the hydrogen and the chlorine is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of industrial hydrochloric acid preparation, and particularly relates to a silicon carbide hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace and its working process. Background Art

[0002] Using hydrogen and chlorine to synthesize hydrochloric acid is the main preparation method of industrial hydrochloric acid. When hydrogen and chlorine react, a large amount of reaction heat is released. To recover this part of heat, currently there are mainly two methods: one is a steel water jacket hydrogen chloride synthesis furnace that by-produces hot water, and the other is a graphite hydrogen chloride synthesis furnace that by-produces hot water or 0.2 - 0.3 MPa steam. However, the heat utilization rates of both methods are not high, and the energy grades of the by-produced hot water or low-pressure steam are low, with limited application ranges. At the same time, since all synthesis furnaces use the lower ignition method, they cannot be equipped with a hydrochloric acid absorption function simultaneously, and a subsequent absorption device is required to complete the preparation of hydrochloric acid, resulting in poor device economy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and provide a silicon carbide hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace and its working process, which can solve the problem of poor device economy.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A silicon carbide hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace includes a synthesis section, a by-product steam section, an absorption section, and a separation section. The synthesis section is fixedly connected to the by-product steam section, the by-product steam section is fixedly connected to the absorption section, and the absorption section is fixedly connected to the separation section;

[0005] Among them, the synthesis section includes a SiC furnace tube. The outer wall of the SiC furnace tube is equipped with a steel shell of the synthesis section. Above the SiC furnace tube, a lamp holder is fixedly connected. A lamp head is installed on the lamp holder. A chlorine inlet and a hydrogen inlet are fixedly connected to the lamp holder. The outer wall of the steel shell of the synthesis section is fixedly connected to a cooling medium outlet, and the outer wall of the steel shell of the synthesis section is fixedly connected to a cooling medium inlet.

[0006] Preferably, the by-product steam section includes a steel shell of the by-product steam section. Inside the by-product steam section, a SiC block hole heat exchange block is provided. The outer wall of the steel shell of the by-product steam section is fixedly connected to a second cooling medium outlet, and the outer wall of the steel shell of the by-product steam section is fixedly connected to a second cooling medium inlet.

[0007] Preferably, a falling film component is installed inside the absorption section. The outer wall of the absorption section is fixedly connected to a water inlet for suction, the outer wall of the absorption section is fixedly connected to a cooling water outlet, and the outer wall of the absorption section is fixedly connected to a cooling water inlet.

[0008] Preferably, the outer wall of the separation section is fixedly connected to a tail gas outlet, and the outer wall of the separation section is fixedly connected to a hydrochloric acid outlet.

[0009] Preferably, the synthesis section, the by-product steam section, the absorption section, and the separation section are internally connected.

[0010] Preferably, a working process of a silicon carbide hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace includes the following steps: S1 Raw material preparation and feeding into the furnace: Hydrogen and chlorine are respectively transported to the burner part through their respective inlets. Hydrogen and chlorine are fully mixed at the burner, preparing for the subsequent combustion reaction. This step ensures the precise transportation and uniform mixing of the two gases and is the basis for the smooth progress of the synthesis reaction;

[0011] S2 Reaction and cooling in the synthesis section: The mixed hydrogen and chlorine burn at the burner. The high-temperature synthesis gas generated by the combustion enters the SiC furnace tube in the synthesis section. In the synthesis section, hot water is introduced between the SiC cylinder body and the steel shell as cooling water. The heat of the high-temperature synthesis gas is transferred to the cooling water, causing part of the cooling water to vaporize, forming a mixture of steam and saturated water at the corresponding temperature. This mixture is discharged through the cooling water outlet and enters the flash tank. In the flash tank, the steam is separated and can be output as a product; the remaining liquid returns to the cooling water inlet and continues to be used for cooling the furnace tube in the synthesis section, realizing the recycling of cooling water and improving energy utilization efficiency;

[0012] S3 Heat exchange in the by-product steam section: The high-temperature synthesis gas after fully reacting in the synthesis section enters the by-product steam section. The by-product steam section is composed of a SiC block-hole heat exchange block and a steel shell. The synthesis gas enters the longitudinal holes of the heat exchange block, while the cooling water flows in the transverse holes of the heat exchange block. Utilizing the characteristics of SiC material with high temperature and pressure resistance, during the heat exchange process, the cooling water absorbs the heat of the synthesis gas and vaporizes into steam. The generated steam also enters the flash tank through the cooling water outlet for gas-liquid separation. The separated steam is output as a product, and the remaining cooling liquid returns to the cooling water inlet for recycling. This step not only cools the synthesis gas but also by-produces high-pressure steam above 1 MPa, improving the energy grade and utilization value;

[0013] S4 Absorption and cooling in the absorption section: The synthesis gas cooled in the by-product steam section enters the absorption section. The absorption section uses SiC heat exchange tubes as heat exchange elements. An absorption water inlet is provided between the absorption section and the by-product steam section. The absorption water is evenly distributed on the SiC heat exchange tubes through a distribution component and comes into full contact with hydrogen chloride gas for an absorption reaction. Heat is generated during the absorption process, and this heat is carried away by the cooling water outside the heat exchange tubes in the shell side, ensuring that the absorption reaction proceeds at an appropriate temperature and improving the absorption effect. The absorption water is fully mixed with hydrogen chloride gas to ensure the efficient absorption of hydrogen chloride and improve the preparation efficiency of hydrochloric acid;

[0014] Separation in the S5 separation section: The absorbed mixed liquid enters the separation section. In the separation section, using gravity or other separation principles, the finished hydrochloric acid and the tail gas are separated. The finished hydrochloric acid is discharged from the hydrochloric acid outlet below and can be collected as a product; the remaining tail gas is discharged from the tail gas outlet for subsequent treatment. This step realizes the effective separation of the product and the tail gas, ensuring the purity and quality of the product.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] 1. The silicon carbide hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace and its working process. This solution integrates multiple functions and reduces equipment costs: The lamp holder is made of SiC material, enabling the synthesis furnace to adopt the upper ignition method. This ignition method can cooperate well with the hydrogen chloride absorption function, integrating the three functions of hydrogen chloride preparation, by-product high-temperature steam preparation, and hydrochloric acid absorption in one synthesis furnace, changing the situation that traditional synthesis furnaces cannot be equipped with the hydrochloric acid absorption function due to the lower ignition method and need to cooperate with subsequent absorption devices, reducing the number of equipment and supporting facilities, and effectively reducing the device cost of synthesizing hydrochloric acid from hydrogen and chlorine.

[0017] 2. The silicon carbide hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace and its working process. This solution optimizes the heat exchange structure and reduces the equipment size: The by-product steam section uses SiC block-hole heat exchange blocks, which have the characteristics of high heat exchange efficiency and good heat resistance. The high-efficiency heat exchange performance enables the synthesis gas to complete heat exchange in a shorter distance, thereby shortening the lengths of the synthesis section and the by-product steam section, and further reducing the size of the entire equipment. The reduction of the equipment size not only reduces the material cost in the manufacturing process but also reduces the space and cost required for installation.

[0018] 3. The silicon carbide hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace and its working process. This solution enhances the absorption effect and improves the preparation efficiency: The absorption section uses SiC heat exchange tubes as heat exchange elements and is equipped with a falling film component and a distribution component. The distribution component ensures the uniform mixing of the absorption water and hydrogen chloride gas. The heat generated during the absorption process is carried away by the cooling water outside the heat exchange tubes in the shell side to maintain an appropriate absorption temperature, greatly improving the absorption effect. The good absorption effect enables the reduction of the height of the absorption section, while improving the preparation efficiency of hydrochloric acid, reducing the production time and energy consumption.

[0019] 4. The silicon carbide hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace and its working process. This solution improves the energy recovery rate and realizes recycling: After the cooling water in the absorption section absorbs heat and is heated, it can be used as the supplementary water for cooling in the by-product steam section and the synthesis section. This way of recycling the cooling water makes full use of the heat, avoids energy waste, improves the energy recovery rate of the entire system, and makes the synthesis furnace more energy-saving and environmentally friendly during operation.

[0020] 5. The silicon carbide hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace and its working process. This solution efficiently recovers heat and improves the energy grade: Using SiC as the internal component, with its high temperature and pressure resistance performance, it can by-produce high-pressure steam above 1 MPa. Compared with the traditional steel water jacket hydrogen chloride synthesis furnace that by-produces hot water and the graphite hydrogen chloride synthesis furnace that by-produces hot water or 0.2 - 0.3 MPa steam, the energy grade is significantly improved. The application range of high-pressure steam is wider, which can meet the needs of more industrial scenarios, effectively improving the utilization value of heat and the energy recovery efficiency. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

[0023] Reference numerals: 1, synthesis section; 2, by-product steam section; 3, absorption section; 4, separation section; 101, lamp holder; 102, lamp head; 103, chlorine inlet; 104, hydrogen inlet; 105, cooling medium outlet; 106, SiC furnace barrel; 107, steel shell of the synthesis section; 108, cooling medium inlet; 201, SiC block hole heat exchange block; 202, steel shell of the by-product steam section; 203, second cooling medium outlet; 204, second cooling medium inlet; 301, falling film component; 302, water suction port; 303, cooling water outlet; 304, cooling water inlet; 401, tail gas outlet; 402, hydrochloric acid outlet. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0024] This part will describe the specific embodiments of the present invention in detail. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. The role of the drawings is to supplement the description of the text part of the specification, enabling people to intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present invention, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, terms such as greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood as not including the number itself, and terms such as above, below, within, etc. are understood as including the number. If there is a description of first and second, it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features or the sequence of the indicated technical features.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as "arrangement", "installation", "connection", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a silicon carbide hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace, which includes a synthesis section 1, a by-product steam section 2, an absorption section 3 and a separation section 4. The synthesis section 1 is fixedly connected to the by-product steam section 2, the by-product steam section 2 is fixedly connected to the absorption section 3, and the absorption section 3 is fixedly connected to the separation section 4;

[0029] Among them, the synthesis section 1 includes a SiC furnace tube 106. An outer wall of the SiC furnace tube 106 is provided with a steel shell 107 of the synthesis section. Above the SiC furnace tube 106 is fixedly connected with a lamp holder 101. A lamp head 102 is installed on the lamp holder 101. A chlorine inlet 103 and a hydrogen inlet 104 are fixedly connected to the lamp holder 101. An outer wall of the steel shell 107 of the synthesis section is fixedly connected with a cooling medium outlet 105, and an outer wall of the steel shell 107 of the synthesis section is fixedly connected with a cooling medium inlet 108;

[0030] Among them, the by-product steam section 2 includes a steel shell 202 of the by-product steam section. Inside the by-product steam section 2 is provided with a SiC block hole heat exchange block 201. An outer wall of the steel shell 202 of the by-product steam section is fixedly connected with a second cooling medium outlet 203, and an outer wall of the steel shell 202 of the by-product steam section is fixedly connected with a second cooling medium inlet 204;

[0031] Among them, a falling film assembly 301 is installed inside the absorption section 3. An outer wall of the absorption section 3 is fixedly connected with a water inlet for suction 302, an outer wall of the absorption section 3 is fixedly connected with a cooling water outlet 303, and an outer wall of the absorption section 3 is fixedly connected with a cooling water inlet 304;

[0032] Among them, an outer wall of the separation section 4 is fixedly connected with a tail gas outlet 401, and an outer wall of the separation section 4 is fixedly connected with a hydrochloric acid outlet 402;

[0033] Among them, the inside of the four sections of the synthesis section 1, the by-product steam section 2, the absorption section 3 and the separation section 4 is communicated.

[0034] Among them, the synthesis furnace is successively the synthesis section, the by-product steam section, the absorption section and the separation section from top to bottom;

[0035] The synthesis section is composed of a lamp head part, a SiC cylinder body and a steel shell. Cooling water is passed between the SiC cylinder body and the steel shell. The cooling water inlet is hot water, and the outlet is a steam-hot water mixture. With the cooperation of a flash tank, continuous steam generation can be achieved;

[0036] The by-product steam section consists of SiC block-hole heat exchange blocks and a steel shell. The high-temperature synthesis gas flows through the longitudinal holes of the SiC heat exchange blocks, and the cooling water flows through the transverse holes of the SiC heat exchange blocks. Due to the high temperature and pressure resistance characteristics of the SiC material, high-pressure steam above 1 MPa can be generated.

[0037] The absorption section uses SiC heat exchange tubes as heat exchange elements. An absorption water inlet is added between the absorption section and the by-product steam section. Distribution components are installed on the SiC heat exchange tubes, which can ensure the uniform mixing of the absorption water and hydrogen chloride gas and guarantee the absorption effect.

[0038] The separation section is used to separate the finished hydrochloric acid and the tail gas. The finished hydrochloric acid is discharged through the hydrochloric acid outlet, and the absorbed tail gas is discharged through the tail gas outlet.

[0039] Furthermore, a working process of a silicon carbide hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace includes the following steps: S1 Raw material preparation and feeding into the furnace: Hydrogen and chlorine are respectively transported to the burner part through their respective inlets. Hydrogen and chlorine are fully mixed at the burner, preparing for the subsequent combustion reaction. This step ensures the precise transportation and uniform mixing of the two gases and is the basis for the smooth progress of the synthesis reaction.

[0040] S2 Reaction and cooling in the synthesis section: The mixed hydrogen and chlorine burn at the burner. The high-temperature synthesis gas generated by the combustion enters the SiC furnace cylinder in the synthesis section. In the synthesis section, hot water is introduced between the SiC cylinder and the steel shell as cooling water. The heat of the high-temperature synthesis gas is transferred to the cooling water, causing part of the cooling water to vaporize, forming a mixture of steam and saturated water at the corresponding temperature. This mixture is discharged through the cooling water outlet and enters the flash tank. In the flash tank, the steam is separated and can be output as a product; the remaining liquid returns to the cooling water inlet and continues to be used for cooling the furnace cylinder in the synthesis section, realizing the recycling of the cooling water and improving the energy utilization rate.

[0041] S3 Heat exchange in the by-product steam section: The high-temperature synthesis gas that has fully reacted in the synthesis section enters the by-product steam section. The by-product steam section consists of SiC block-hole heat exchange blocks and a steel shell. The synthesis gas enters the longitudinal holes of the heat exchange blocks, while the cooling water flows through the transverse holes of the heat exchange blocks. Utilizing the high temperature and pressure resistance characteristics of the SiC material, during the heat exchange process, the cooling water absorbs the heat of the synthesis gas and vaporizes into steam. The generated steam also enters the flash tank through the cooling water outlet for gas-liquid separation. The separated steam is output as a product, and the remaining cooling liquid returns to the cooling water inlet for recycling. This step not only cools down the synthesis gas but also by-produces high-pressure steam above 1 MPa, enhancing the energy grade and utilization value.

[0042] S4 Absorption and Cooling in the Absorption Section: The synthesis gas cooled in the by-product steam section enters the absorption section. The absorption section uses SiC heat exchange tubes as heat exchange elements. There is an absorption water inlet provided between the absorption section and the by-product steam section. The absorption water is evenly distributed on the SiC heat exchange tubes through a distribution component, comes into full contact with hydrogen chloride gas and undergoes an absorption reaction. Heat is generated during the absorption process, and this heat is carried away by the cooling water outside the heat exchange tubes in the shell side to ensure that the absorption reaction proceeds at an appropriate temperature, improving the absorption effect. The absorption water is fully mixed with hydrogen chloride gas to ensure that hydrogen chloride is efficiently absorbed, improving the preparation efficiency of hydrochloric acid;

[0043] S5 Separation in the Separation Section: The absorbed mixed liquid enters the separation section. In the separation section, using gravity or other separation principles, the finished hydrochloric acid and the tail gas are separated. The finished hydrochloric acid is discharged from the hydrochloric acid outlet below and can be collected as a product; the remaining tail gas is discharged from the tail gas outlet for subsequent treatment. This step realizes the effective separation of the product and the tail gas, ensuring the purity and quality of the product.

[0044] Furthermore, this solution efficiently recovers heat and improves the energy grade: Using SiC as the internal component, due to its high temperature and pressure resistance performance, it can by-produce high-pressure steam above 1 MPa. Compared with the traditional steel water jacket hydrogen chloride synthesis furnace that by-produces hot water, the graphite hydrogen chloride synthesis furnace that by-produces hot water or 0.2 - 0.3 MPa steam, the energy grade is significantly improved. The application range of high-pressure steam is wider, which can meet the needs of more industrial scenarios, effectively improving the utilization value of heat and the energy recovery efficiency;

[0045] Furthermore, this solution integrates multiple functions and reduces equipment costs: The lamp holder uses SiC material, enabling the synthesis furnace to adopt the upper ignition method. This ignition method can cooperate well with the hydrogen chloride absorption function, integrating the three functions of hydrogen chloride preparation, by-production of high-temperature steam preparation, and hydrochloric acid absorption in one synthesis furnace. It changes the situation that the traditional synthesis furnace cannot be equipped with the hydrochloric acid absorption function due to the lower ignition method and needs to cooperate with subsequent absorption devices, reducing the number of equipment and supporting facilities, and effectively reducing the device cost of synthesizing hydrochloric acid from hydrogen and chlorine;

[0046] Furthermore, this solution optimizes the heat exchange structure and reduces the equipment size: The by-product steam section uses SiC block-hole type heat exchange blocks, which have the characteristics of high heat exchange efficiency and good heat resistance. The high-efficient heat exchange performance enables the synthesis gas to complete heat exchange within a shorter distance, thus shortening the lengths of the synthesis section and the by-product steam section, and further reducing the size of the entire equipment. The reduction of the equipment size not only reduces the material cost during the manufacturing process but also reduces the space and cost required for installation;

[0047] Furthermore, this solution enhances the absorption effect and improves the preparation efficiency: The absorption section uses SiC heat exchange tubes as heat exchange elements, and is equipped with a falling film component and a distribution component. The distribution component ensures the uniform mixing of the absorbed water and hydrogen chloride gas. The heat generated during the absorption process is carried away by the cooling water outside the heat exchange tubes in the shell side, maintaining an appropriate absorption temperature, greatly improving the absorption effect. The good absorption effect reduces the height of the absorption section, while improving the preparation efficiency of hydrochloric acid, reducing production time and energy consumption;

[0048] Furthermore, this solution improves the energy recovery rate and realizes recycling: After the cooling water in the absorption section absorbs heat and is heated, it can be used as supplementary water for cooling in the by-product steam section and the synthesis section. This way of recycling the cooling water makes full use of the heat, avoids energy waste, improves the energy recovery rate of the entire system, and makes the synthesis furnace more energy-saving and environmentally friendly during operation;

[0049] Working principle: Hydrogen and chlorine enter the burner head through the hydrogen and chlorine ports respectively, mix and burn at the burner head, and then enter the furnace cylinder of the synthesis section. Cooling water is passed between the furnace cylinder of the synthesis section and the steel shell of the synthesis section. The cooling water vaporizes under the action of heat transfer in the furnace cylinder of the synthesis section. The mixture of steam and saturated water at the corresponding temperature is discharged through the cooling water outlet and enters the flash tank to separate the steam, and the remaining liquid continues to return to the cooling water inlet for cooling.

[0050] After the mixer fully reacts in the synthesis section, it enters the by-product steam section. The by-product steam section consists of block-hole heat exchange blocks made of SiC. The synthesis gas enters the longitudinal holes of the heat exchange block, and the cooling water exchanges heat in the transverse holes of the heat exchange block. The generated steam enters the flash tank through the cooling water outlet to separate the steam, and the remaining liquid continues to return to the cooling water inlet for cooling.

[0051] The temperature of the synthesis gas passing through the by-product steam section decreases, and then it enters the absorption section and is absorbed by water. The heat generated during the absorption is cooled by the cooling water outside the heat exchange tubes in the shell side.

[0052] The absorbed mixed liquid enters the separation section. The finished hydrochloric acid is discharged from the lower hydrochloric acid outlet, and the residual tail gas is discharged from the tail gas outlet.

[0053] The above has described the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the knowledge scope of those of ordinary skill in the art in the said technical field, various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

Claims

1. A silicon carbide hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace, comprising a synthesis section (1), a by-product steam section (2), an absorption section (3) and a separation section (4), characterized in that: The synthesis section (1) is fixedly connected to the by-product steam section (2), the by-product steam section (2) is fixedly connected to the absorption section (3), and the absorption section (3) is fixedly connected to the separation section (4); The synthesis section (1) comprises a SiC furnace drum (106), the outer wall of the SiC furnace drum (106) is provided with a synthesis section steel shell (107), a lamp holder seat (101) is fixedly connected to the top of the SiC furnace drum (106), a lamp holder (102) is installed on the lamp holder seat (101), a chlorine inlet (103) and a hydrogen inlet (104) are fixedly connected to the lamp holder seat (101), a cooling medium outlet (105) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the synthesis section steel shell (107), and a cooling medium inlet (108) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the synthesis section steel shell (107).

2. A silicon carbide hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The by-product steam section (2) comprises a by-product steam section steel shell (202), a SiC block hole heat exchange block (201) is arranged inside the by-product steam section (2), a second cooling medium outlet (203) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the by-product steam section steel shell (202), and a second cooling medium inlet (204) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the by-product steam section steel shell (202).

3. A silicon carbide hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A falling film assembly (301) is installed inside the absorption section (3), a water suction port (302) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the absorption section (3), a cooling water outlet (303) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the absorption section (3), and a cooling water inlet (304) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the absorption section (3).

4. The silicon carbide hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the separation section (4) is fixedly connected to a tail gas outlet (401), and the outer wall of the separation section (4) is fixedly connected to a hydrochloric acid outlet (402).

5. The silicon carbide hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The synthesis section (1), the byproduct steam section (2), the absorption section (3) and the separation section (4) are internally connected.

6. A silicon carbide hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace working process, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1 Raw material preparation and furnace feeding: hydrogen and chlorine are transported to the lamp holder through their respective inlets. Hydrogen and chlorine are fully mixed at the lamp holder to prepare for the subsequent combustion reaction. This step ensures that the two gases are accurately transported and evenly mixed, which is the basis for the smooth progress of the synthesis reaction. S2 synthesis section reaction and cooling: The mixed hydrogen and chlorine are burned at the lamp head, and the high-temperature synthesis gas generated by the combustion enters the SiC furnace barrel of the synthesis section. In the synthesis section, hot water is passed between the SiC cylinder and the steel shell as cooling water. The heat of the high-temperature synthesis gas is transferred to the cooling water, which partially vaporizes the cooling water to form a mixture of steam and saturated water of the corresponding temperature. The mixture is discharged through the cooling water outlet and enters the flash tank. In the flash tank, the steam is separated and can be output as a product; the remaining liquid returns to the cooling water inlet and continues to be used to cool the synthesis section furnace barrel, realizing the recycling of cooling water and improving energy utilization; S3 by-product steam section heat exchange: After the high-temperature synthesis gas is fully reacted in the synthesis section, it enters the by-product steam section. The by-product steam section is composed of a SiC block hole heat exchange block and a steel shell. The synthesis gas enters the longitudinal hole of the heat exchange block, and the cooling water flows in the transverse hole of the heat exchange block. By utilizing the high temperature and pressure resistance of the SiC material, during the heat exchange process, the cooling water absorbs the heat of the synthesis gas and vaporizes into steam. The generated steam also enters the flash tank from the cooling water outlet for gas-liquid separation. The separated steam is output as a product, and the remaining cooling liquid returns to the cooling water inlet for recycling. This step not only achieves the cooling of the synthesis gas, but also produces high-pressure steam of more than 1MPa, which improves the energy grade and utilization value; S4 absorption section absorption and cooling: the synthesis gas after being cooled by the by-product steam section enters the absorption section. The absorption section uses SiC heat exchange tubes as heat exchange elements. An absorption water inlet is set between the absorption section and the by-product steam section. The absorption water is evenly distributed on the SiC heat exchange tubes through the distribution component, fully contacts with the hydrogen chloride gas and undergoes absorption reaction. Heat is generated during the absorption process, which is taken away by the cooling water outside the heat exchange tubes in the shell process to ensure that the absorption reaction is carried out at an appropriate temperature, thereby improving the absorption effect. The absorption water is fully mixed with the hydrogen chloride gas to ensure that the hydrogen chloride is efficiently absorbed, thereby improving the preparation efficiency of hydrochloric acid; S5 separation section separation: the mixed liquid after absorption enters the separation section, where the finished hydrochloric acid and tail gas are separated by gravity or other separation principles. The finished hydrochloric acid is discharged from the hydrochloric acid outlet below and can be collected as a product; the residual tail gas is discharged from the tail gas outlet for subsequent treatment. This step realizes the effective separation of the product and the tail gas, ensuring the purity and quality of the product.

Images