Environment-friendly bionic jellyfish capable of degrading micro-plastic particles and preparation method of environment-friendly bionic jellyfish

Abstract

The invention discloses an environment-friendly bionic jellyfish capable of degrading micro-plastic particles and a preparation method, and relates to the technical field of marine governance. The device comprises a head part, an outer-layer tentacle and an inner-layer tentacle, the head part is of an umbrella-shaped hollow structure, and the outer-layer tentacle and the inner-layer tentacle are communicated with the head part; according to the environment-friendly bionic jellyfish disclosed by the invention, through the prepared environment-friendly bionic jellyfish, the form of the environment-friendly bionic jellyfish and a natural gathering mechanism, plastic garbage in the ocean, especially micro-plastic which is difficult to capture in a traditional technology, can be efficiently collected; by preparing the nano net, the nano net material has high adsorbability and can widely capture plastic garbage with different particle sizes; degradable materials (such as cellulose of traditional Chinese medicine residues) are used, medical waste is recycled, the resource utilization rate is increased, secondary pollution to the marine environment is avoided, the production process of the degradable materials is environmentally friendly, the overall carbon footprint is reduced, and physical damage and ecological interference to marine organisms are reduced through bionic design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of marine governance, and specifically relates to an environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish capable of degrading microplastic particles and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In 2019, Ferreira, a student from the Department of Chemistry at the University of Groningen in the Netherlands, published an article titled "Magnetic Extraction of Microplastics from Environmental Samples" in Environmental Science & Technology Letters, developing a method of "magnetizing microplastics using the hydrophobic surface of plastics and recovering and extracting microplastics magnetically."

[0003] However, there are still some deficiencies when recycling microplastics in the ocean by this method:

[0004] In this method, iron nanoparticles are modified with hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS) to produce hydrophobic nanoparticles, but this collection scheme is mixed with iron elements and other non-degradable chemical groups, as well as subsequent recycling cost problems, etc.;

[0005] In view of the above problems, the inventor proposes an environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish capable of degrading microplastic particles and a preparation method thereof to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems; the purpose of the present invention is to provide an environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish capable of degrading microplastic particles and a preparation method thereof.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: An environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish capable of degrading microplastic particles, the environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish includes a head, outer tentacles, and inner tentacles, the head is an umbrella-shaped hollow structure, and the outer tentacles and inner tentacles are in communication with the head;

[0008] The head, outer tentacles, and inner tentacles are made of a nano-network, and the nano-network is prepared from Chinese medicine residue cellulose, sodium alginate, chitosan, and a cross-linking agent.

[0009] The present invention also provides a preparation method of an environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish capable of degrading microplastic particles, including the following steps:

[0010] S1. Pretreatment

[0011] First, rinse the Chinese medicine residue with water, and soak it in ethanol and acetone for 12 h for degreasing treatment;

[0012] S2. Cellulose Extraction

[0013] Hydrolyze with 1-3% dilute sulfuric acid and 5-10% sodium hydroxide solution in a constant temperature water bath to remove hemicellulose and residual pigments, then adjust the pH to 10-11 with 3-5% hydrogen peroxide solution to remove residual pigments. Finally, perform high-pressure homogenization ball milling treatment to break the cellulose fibers to the nanoscale, and fuse CNF, sodium alginate and chitosan according to a certain ratio, and crosslink sodium alginate with a crosslinking agent to form a hydrogel network;

[0014] S3. Prepare an environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish

[0015] Prepare a nanofiber membrane by electrospinning, and prepare a porous sponge nanofiber network by solution casting. Select a hydrophobic modifier to enhance the adsorption selectivity of microplastics, and then place the mold in a freezing device for drying treatment to form an environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish with a porous sponge-like structure;

[0016] S4. Optimization of the environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish

[0017] Utilize hydrodynamic simulation to simulate the interaction between seawater and the environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish, optimize the folding angle of the environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish, set up a dynamic mooring system, and use a degradable cable to connect the environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish to the lake bottom counterweight so that the environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish can move in the shallow sea area.

[0018] Preferably, in S2, the temperature of the constant temperature water bath is 60-100 °C.

[0019] Preferably, in S2, the crosslinking agent is any one of calcium chloride and genipin.

[0020] Preferably, in S2, the ratio of CNF, sodium alginate and chitosan is 6:3:1 or 7:2:1.

[0021] Preferably, in S3, the hydrophobic modifier is polylactic acid.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] 1. In the present invention, through the prepared environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish, the shape and natural aggregation mechanism of the environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish can efficiently collect plastic garbage in the ocean, especially microplastics that are difficult to capture by traditional technologies;

[0024] 2. In the present invention, by preparing the nanofiber network, the nanofiber network material has high adsorption properties and can widely capture plastic garbage with different particle sizes;

[0025] 3. In the present invention, biodegradable materials (such as cellulose from traditional Chinese medicine residues) are used to recycle medical waste, improve resource utilization rate, avoid secondary pollution to the marine environment, and the production process of biodegradable materials is environmentally friendly, reducing the overall carbon footprint. The bionic design reduces physical harm and ecological interference to marine organisms;

[0026] 4. In the present invention, the biodegradable materials and production processes have low costs, are suitable for large-scale deployment, do not require external energy supply, rely on ocean currents and natural movements, reduce operating costs, and the self-sinking design reduces the frequency of manual recovery and maintenance, and the long-term operating costs are very low;

[0027] 5. In the present invention, the prepared environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish helps to raise public awareness of the problem of marine plastic pollution, enhance environmental awareness, reduce marine plastic waste, improve the marine environment, facilitate the survival and reproduction of marine animals, and protect marine species diversity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 1. Head; 2. Outer tentacles; 3. Inner tentacles. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides an environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish capable of degrading microplastic particles. The environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish includes a head 1, outer tentacles 2 and inner tentacles 3. The head 1 is an umbrella-shaped hollow structure. The outer tentacles 2 and the inner tentacles 3 are in communication with the head 1. The head 1 is mainly connected to a biodegradable cable (not shown in the drawings) for anchoring the environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish. The outer tentacles 2 are mainly used for coarse filtration to intercept plastic fragments with a size > 1 mm in water, and the inner tentacles 3 are used for fine filtration to adsorb microplastics with a size of 0.1 - 1 mm;

[0033] The head 1, the outer tentacles 2 and the inner tentacles 3 are made of a nano-network, which is prepared from Chinese medicine residue cellulose, sodium alginate, chitosan and a cross-linking agent.

[0034] Example 1: The present invention also provides a method for preparing an environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish capable of degrading microplastic particles, comprising the following steps:

[0035] S1. Pretreatment

[0036] First, the Chinese medicine residue is rinsed with water and degreased by soaking in ethanol and acetone for 12 h.

[0037] S2. Cellulose extraction

[0038] Hydrolyze with 1-3% dilute sulfuric acid and 5-10% sodium hydroxide solution in a 70°C constant temperature water bath to remove hemicellulose and residual pigments, then adjust the pH to 10-11 with 3-5% hydrogen peroxide solution to remove residual pigments. Finally, perform high-pressure homogenization ball milling treatment to break the cellulose fibers to the nanoscale, fuse CNF, sodium alginate and chitosan in a ratio of 6:3:1, and cross-link sodium alginate with calcium chloride to form a hydrogel network.

[0039] S3. Preparation of environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish

[0040] Prepare a nanofiber membrane by electrospinning and a porous sponge nano-network by solution casting. Select polylactic acid to enhance the adsorption selectivity of microplastics. Then place the mold in a freezing device for drying treatment to form an environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish with a porous sponge-like structure.

[0041] S4. Optimization of environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish

[0042] Utilize hydrodynamic simulation to simulate the interaction between seawater and the environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish, optimize the folding angle of the environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish, the angle is 15-25°, set up a dynamic mooring system, and use a degradable cable to connect the environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish with the lake bottom counterweight to enable the environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish to move in the shallow sea area, and the depth of the shallow sea is 20 meters.

[0043] Example 2: A method for preparing an environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish capable of degrading microplastic particles, comprising the following steps:

[0044] S1. Pretreatment

[0045] First, the Chinese medicine residue is rinsed with water and degreased by soaking in ethanol and acetone for 12 h.

[0046] S2. Cellulose extraction

[0047] Hydrolyze with 1-3% dilute sulfuric acid and 5-10% sodium hydroxide solution in a 60°C constant temperature water bath to remove hemicellulose and residual pigments. Then, adjust the pH to 10-11 with 3-5% hydrogen peroxide solution to remove residual pigments. Finally, perform high-pressure homogenization ball milling treatment to break the cellulose fibers to the nanoscale. Blend CNF, sodium alginate, and chitosan in a ratio of 7:2:1, and crosslink sodium alginate with genipin to form a hydrogel network;

[0048] S3. Preparation of environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish

[0049] Prepare a nanofiber membrane by electrospinning and a porous sponge nanofiber network by solution casting. Select polylactic acid to enhance the adsorption selectivity of microplastics. Then, place the mold in a freezing device for drying treatment to form an environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish with a porous sponge-like structure;

[0050] S4. Optimization of environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish

[0051] Utilize hydrodynamic simulation to simulate the interaction between seawater and the environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish, optimize the folding angle of the environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish to be 15-25°, set up a dynamic mooring system, and use a degradable cable to connect the environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish to the lake bottom counterweight, enabling the environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish to move in the shallow ocean area with a depth of 20 meters.

[0052] Example 3: A preparation method of an environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish capable of degrading microplastic particles, comprising the following steps:

[0053] S1. Pretreatment

[0054] First, rinse the Chinese medicine residues with water and soak them in ethanol and acetone for 12 hours for degreasing treatment;

[0055] S2. Cellulose extraction

[0056] Hydrolyze with 1-3% dilute sulfuric acid and 5-10% sodium hydroxide solution in a 100°C constant temperature water bath to remove hemicellulose and residual pigments. Then, adjust the pH to 10-11 with 3-5% hydrogen peroxide solution to remove residual pigments. Finally, perform high-pressure homogenization ball milling treatment to break the cellulose fibers to the nanoscale. Blend CNF, sodium alginate, and chitosan in a ratio of 7:2:1, and crosslink sodium alginate with calcium chloride to form a hydrogel network;

[0057] S3. Preparation of environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish

[0058] Prepare a nanofiber membrane by electrospinning and a porous sponge nanofiber network by solution casting. Select polylactic acid to enhance the adsorption selectivity of microplastics. Then, place the mold in a freezing device for drying treatment to form an environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish with a porous sponge-like structure;

[0059] S4. Optimization of Environmentally Friendly Bionic Jellyfish

[0060] Using hydrodynamic simulation to simulate the interaction between seawater and the environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish, optimize the folding angle of the environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish, with the angle being 15 - 25°, set up a dynamic mooring system, and use biodegradable cables to connect the environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish with the lake bottom counterweight, so that the environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish can move in the shallow ocean area, and the depth of the shallow ocean is 20 meters.

[0061] Working principle: Through the efficient extraction of Chinese medicine residue cellulose, the sodium alginate - chitosan - cellulose ternary composite formula, and biological biodegradation, the sodium alginate and chitosan in the nanonetwork are gradually decomposed under the action of enzymes secreted by marine microorganisms such as Pseudomonas, and through synergistic degradation, the degradation bacteria embedded in the cellulose secrete lipase and esterase to attack the chemical bonds of microplastics (such as C - O, C - C), and convert them into CO2 / H2O.

[0062] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention also intends to include these changes and modifications.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish capable of degrading microplastic particles, characterized in that: The environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish comprises a head (1), outer tentacles (2) and inner tentacles (3); the head (1) is an umbrella-shaped hollow structure; the outer tentacles (2) and the inner tentacles (3) are interconnected with the head (1); The head (1), the outer tentacles (2) and the inner tentacles (3) are made of nano-nets, and the nano-nets are made of Chinese medicine residue cellulose, sodium alginate, chitosan and a cross-linking agent.

2. A method for preparing the environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish capable of degrading microplastic particles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Preprocessing First, the Chinese medicine residue was rinsed with water and then soaked in ethanol and acetone for 12 hours for degreasing. S2. Cellulose extraction The cellulose fibers are hydrolyzed in a constant temperature water bath with 1-3% dilute sulfuric acid and 5-10% sodium hydroxide solution to remove hemicellulose and residual pigments, and then the pH is adjusted to 10-11 with 3-5% hydrogen peroxide solution to remove residual pigments. Finally, the cellulose fibers are subjected to high-pressure homogenization ball milling to break the cellulose fibers into nanometers. CNF, sodium alginate and chitosan are fused in a certain ratio, and sodium alginate is cross-linked with a cross-linking agent to form a hydrogel network. S3. Preparation of environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish Prepare nanofiber membranes by electrospinning, and prepare porous sponge nanonets by solution casting. Select hydrophobic modifiers to enhance the selectivity of microplastic adsorption. Then put the molds into a freezing device for drying to form an environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish with a porous sponge-like structure. S4, Environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish optimization Fluid mechanics simulation is used to simulate the interaction between seawater and environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish, the wrinkle angle of the environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish is optimized, a dynamic mooring system is set up, and degradable cables are used to connect the environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish and the lake bottom counterweight, allowing the environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish to move in shallow ocean areas.

3. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish capable of degrading microplastic particles as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: In S2, the temperature of the constant temperature water bath is 60-100°C.

4. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish capable of degrading microplastic particles as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: In S2, the cross-linking agent is any one of calcium chloride and genipin.

5. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish capable of degrading microplastic particles as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: In S2, the ratio of CNF, sodium alginate and chitosan is 6:3:1 or 7:2:

1.

6. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly bionic jellyfish capable of degrading microplastic particles according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S3, the hydrophobic modifier is polylactic acid.

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