Protective device for tunnel welding and construction method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of welding protection, and discloses a tunnel welding protection device and a construction method, and the tunnel welding protection device comprises a track system and at least one protection system; the track system comprises two sets of arc-shaped tracks matched with the cross section of a tunnel, and the two sets of arc-shaped tracks are arranged in the extending direction of the tunnel at intervals and can move in the extending direction of the tunnel. The track system is arranged between a tunnel waterproof surface and a steel bar supporting surface; the protection system comprises a protection plate assembly, the two ends of the protection plate assembly are in sliding connection with the corresponding arc-shaped rails correspondingly, and the protection plate assembly is used for moving along with the welding operation face in the length direction of the arc-shaped rails when the steel bar supporting face is welded. The active protection device is adopted, and efficient and safe protection of tunnel welding operation is achieved through a rail system and a small-area protection system; and the multiple protection plates which are flexibly connected are adopted to be attached to the vault, and the construction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention discloses a protective device and construction method for tunnel welding, belonging to the technical field of welding protection. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel construction plays a crucial role in multiple fields such as energy development, transportation, water conservancy construction, and construction projects. With the progress of technology and the accumulation of practical experience, China's tunnel construction technology has made great progress, forming a rich variety of construction methods and solutions. However, in tunnel support operations, especially in the welding process of steel bars (nets), a series of challenges still exist.

[0003] In the process of tunnel support, the welding of steel bars (nets) is an essential process. However, welding operations are often accompanied by high temperatures and sparks, which pose a potential safety threat to the waterproof materials laid in the early stage. Since waterproof materials are usually expensive and mostly flammable materials, if effective protective measures are not taken during the welding process, it is extremely easy to cause a fire accident, resulting in property losses and project delays.

[0004] To address the safety hazards brought by welding, passive fire protection technologies are currently widely used. Such technologies mainly rely on post - fire remedial measures such as fire alarm systems and fire extinguishing equipment, aiming to quickly respond and control the fire after it occurs. Although passive fire protection technologies have improved the safety of tunnel construction to a certain extent, they are essentially post - fire remedies and cannot fundamentally eliminate fire hazards.

[0005] Compared with passive fire protection technologies, active fire protection technologies pay more attention to fire prevention. In tunnel construction, common active fire protection measures include using fire - resistant plates to shield the welding area. These fire - resistant plates are usually made of materials with excellent flame - retardant properties, such as asbestos - cement boards, aiming to effectively isolate the high temperature and sparks generated by welding and protect the waterproof materials from damage.

[0006] Although fire - resistant plates play an important role in active fire protection technologies, they also expose many limitations in the actual application process. There are limitations in the fitting, support, and movement of fire - resistant plates, especially when the fire - resistant plates encounter complex terrains such as arched tunnel roofs. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a protective device and construction method for tunnel welding to solve the technical problems that existing fire - resistant plates have limitations in fitting with the tunnel, supporting in the tunnel, and moving in the tunnel. To achieve the above - mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes a protective device and construction method for tunnel welding, and the specific solutions are as follows: First aspect: A protective device for tunnel welding, comprising: a track system and at least one protective system; The track system includes two groups of arc tracks matching the cross-section of the tunnel. The two groups of arc tracks are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel and can move along the extension direction of the tunnel; The track system is arranged between the waterproof surface of the tunnel and the steel bar support surface; The protective system includes a protective plate assembly. Both ends of the protective plate assembly are slidably connected to a corresponding group of arc tracks respectively, and are used to move along the length direction of the arc track with the welding operation surface when welding the steel bar support surface.

[0008] Preferably, each group of the arc tracks includes an arc section and two straight sections; The arc section matches the vault of the tunnel; One end of each straight section is connected to one end of the arc section respectively, and a moving component is arranged at the other end of each straight section.

[0009] Preferably, the protective system includes a driving component and a plurality of protective plates; The driving component is connected to both ends of the plurality of protective plates respectively, and is used to drive the plurality of protective plates to move on the arc tracks; The plurality of protective plates are flexibly connected.

[0010] Preferably, two adjacent protective plates partially overlap.

[0011] Preferably, the protective plate assembly further includes two side beams; The two side beams are arranged parallel to the plurality of protective plates and are located at the two side edges of the plurality of protective plates; Both ends of the two side beams are connected to the driving component.

[0012] Preferably, each group of the arc tracks includes a first track and a second track; The first track is arranged on the side close to the inner wall of the tunnel; The second track is arranged on the side far from the inner wall of the tunnel; The protective system moves in the track groove between the first track and the second track.

[0013] Preferably, each group of the arc tracks further includes two fixing components; Each fixing component is arranged on the arc track and is used to fix the arc track at a preset position.

[0014] Preferably, the track system further includes a fixed track and a traction driving device; The fixed track is fixedly connected between the two sets of arc tracks along the extending direction of the tunnel, and a plurality of traveling wheels are arranged on one side of the fixed track away from the two sets of arc tracks; The traction drive device is connected to the fixed track and is used to drive the fixed track to move along the extending direction of the tunnel.

[0015] Preferably, the drive assembly has a drive structure that rotates forward and reversely.

[0016] Second aspect: A construction method for tunnel welding, using the protective device for tunnel welding described in the first aspect, includes the following steps: Step 1: Determine the welding section and move the protective device to the welding section; Step 2: Weld the first welding operation surface in the welding section, move the protection system to the next welding operation surface until the steel bar support surface of this welding section is welded; Step 3: Move the protective device to the next welding section and weld the steel bar support surface of this welding section until the last welding section.

[0017] Beneficial effects: First, the present invention adopts an active protection device, and this design enables the protection system to actively respond to the requirements of welding operations and provide precise protection. At the same time, by using a protective barrier made of a protective material with a smaller area, not only the material cost is effectively reduced, but also the entire protection system becomes lighter and more flexible. Second, with the help of a precisely designed track system, the protection system can move flexibly and smoothly in the tunnel. This characteristic ensures that the protective barrier can closely follow the changes in the welding operation area and provide continuous and effective protection, thus greatly improving the construction safety and efficiency. Particularly importantly, the design of the protection plate fully considers the complex shape of the tunnel vault. Through the overlapping of multiple parts of the protection plate, the protection plate can closely fit with the vault to form a seamless protective barrier. This design not only further enhances the protection effect but also avoids potential damage to the tunnel structure caused by improper protection. Description of the drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the protective device in the tunnel in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is Figure 1 the schematic A-A longitudinal sectional view in Figure 3 It is Figure 1 the enlarged schematic view of the welding operation area in

[0019] In the figure: 1. Tunnel vault; 2. Tunnel waterproof surface; 3. Bearing; 31. Driven bearing; 4. Flexible connecting wire; 5. Axle wire; 6. Track fixing bolt; 7. Walking wheel; 8. First track; 9. Second track; 10. Reinforcement support surface; 11. Side beam; 12. Protection plate; 13. Fixed track; 14. Traction drive device; B. Welding operation area. Specific embodiments

[0020] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the following further elaborates on the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0021] In order to solve the technical problem that the high temperature and sparks generated during the welding process of the reinforcement support surface 10 in the tunnel may damage the waterproof layer, this application proposes to use a protection system for protection. At the same time, in order to ensure that the protection system can move conveniently in the tunnel during welding operations, this application designs a track system to support the protection system and provide a moving path for it, thereby realizing a convenient moving function. The following is a specific technical solution in the specific embodiments of the present invention for solving the above technical problems.

[0022] A protection device for tunnel welding, comprising: a track system and at least one protection system; the track system includes two groups of arc-shaped tracks matching the cross-section of the tunnel, the two groups of arc-shaped tracks are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel and can move along the extension direction of the tunnel; the track system is arranged between the tunnel waterproof surface 2 and the reinforcement support surface 10; the protection system includes a protection plate assembly, and both ends of the protection plate assembly are slidably connected to a corresponding group of arc-shaped tracks respectively, and are used to move along the length direction of the arc-shaped track with the welding operation surface B when welding the reinforcement support surface 10.

[0023] Furthermore, each group of arc-shaped tracks includes an arc section and two straight sections; the arc section matches the vault of the tunnel; one end of each straight section is connected to one end of the arc section respectively, and a moving component is arranged at the other end of each straight section.

[0024] Specifically, the device mainly consists of two major parts: a track system and at least one protection system. The track system includes two groups of arc-shaped tracks that match the shape of the tunnel. These two groups of arc-shaped tracks are arranged parallel and at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel, and have the ability to move along the length direction of the tunnel. The track system is installed between the tunnel waterproof layer and the reinforcement support structure, providing a moving track for the protection system to isolate the welding operation from the waterproof layer.

[0025] Each group of arc-shaped tracks consists of an arc segment and two straight segments. The arc segment matches the vault curve of the tunnel to ensure that the protection system can move along the tunnel roof. The two straight segments are respectively connected to the two ends of the arc segment and match the two side walls of the tunnel. A moving component is installed at the end of each straight segment, and these components can be rollers, sliders or other devices suitable for sliding smoothly on the inner surface of the tunnel, so that the entire track system can move smoothly back and forth along the tunnel.

[0026] The protection system of the present invention is mainly composed of a protection plate assembly. The two ends of the protection plate assembly are respectively connected to two groups of arc-shaped tracks through sliding connectors, ensuring that the protection plate assembly can move freely along the length direction of the arc-shaped track as the welding operation surface B advances. Such a design enables the protection system to move efficiently during welding operations, further improving the welding efficiency, and at the same time effectively blocking the high-temperature sparks generated during the welding process, avoiding potential damage to the tunnel waterproof layer.

[0027] It should be clear that, in order to meet the requirements of more efficient welding operations, the number of protection systems in this application can also be increased to two. The two protection systems are slidably installed on the track system at the same time. This configuration can support two groups of welding operation teams to work in parallel, thus significantly improving the operation efficiency. Similarly, the number of protection systems can also be extended to three groups, four groups or more according to actual needs to further accelerate the welding process. Such a design not only enhances the operation flexibility but also greatly improves the overall efficiency of tunnel welding work.

[0028] Furthermore, the protection system includes a driving component and a plurality of protection plates 12; the driving component is connected to both ends of the plurality of protection plates 12 for driving the plurality of protection plates 12 to move on the arc-shaped track; the plurality of protection plates 12 are flexibly connected.

[0029] Specifically, in this embodiment, the protection plate assembly is composed of one or more protection plates 12, aiming to adapt to the protection requirements of tunnel welding of different scales. In order to ensure that the protection plate assembly can move conveniently on the arc-shaped track, a driving component is specially designed in this embodiment, which is responsible for driving the protection plate 12 to move smoothly along the arc-shaped track, so as to meet the dynamic protection requirements during the welding operation.

[0030] In order to maximize the protection area and ensure the protection effect, this embodiment selects to combine a plurality of protection plates 12 in a flexible connection manner to form a unique curtain structure. This curtain structure enables the adjacent protection plates 12 to bend freely. Therefore, when applied to the tunnel vault 1, the protection plate assembly can closely fit the complex curved surface of the vault, effectively reducing the wear of the protection plates 12 caused by friction, and at the same time improving the protection efficiency and comprehensiveness.

[0031] In this embodiment, a bearing 3 is further included. The bearing 3 is arranged on both sides of the front and rear edges of a plurality of flexibly connected protective plates 12. The driving assembly drives the bearing 3, and then drives a plurality of protective plates 12 connected to the bearing 3. Specifically, as Figure 2 shown, in order to prevent the bearings on the two sets of arc tracks from moving inconsistently, the bearings on one set of arc tracks are driven bearings 31.

[0032] In addition, the protection system of this application is mainly designed to prevent damage to the tunnel waterproof surface 2 caused by sparks, high-temperature molten materials, etc. generated during welding operations. Therefore, when selecting the material of the protective plate in the protection system, a fireproof board with excellent fireproof performance is usually given priority to ensure that the high temperature and sparks generated during the welding process can be effectively isolated.

[0033] However, in addition to the fireproof performance, other potential damage factors during the operation process, such as damage to the tunnel waterproof surface 2 caused by human touch, etc., also need to be considered for the protective plate assembly. In view of this, the material selection of the protective plate assembly also needs to take into account a certain degree of durability and protection. In practical applications, plastic materials with fire resistance, such as asbestos sheets, special metal sheets or high-strength cement sheets, etc., are often used as the materials of the protective plate assembly because they can resist the welding high temperature to a certain extent and have a certain degree of flexibility and durability, so as to comprehensively protect the tunnel waterproof surface 2 from damage.

[0034] Furthermore, two adjacent protective plates 12 partially overlap.

[0035] Since connection gaps often occur when a plurality of protective plates 12 are flexibly connected, which may lead to protection loopholes, in this embodiment, the method of overlapping adjacent protective plates 12 is adopted to solve this problem. Specifically, through holes are designed in the center of each protective plate 12 in this embodiment, and these through holes are used to pass through the axial center steel wires 5. The axial center steel wires 5 not only pass through the protective plates 12, but also extend outside the protective plates 12 to provide a basis for flexible connection. In order to achieve the dense connection of adjacent protective plates 12, let the partial areas of adjacent protective plates 12 overlap, and connect the axial center steel wires 5 of these partially overlapping protective plates 12 through the flexible connection steel wires 4. This connection method not only ensures the flexible connection between the protective plates 12, but also enables the entire protection system to fit the curved surface of the tunnel, forming a dense protection barrier, effectively avoiding the generation of protection loopholes.

[0036] Furthermore, the protective plate assembly further includes two side beams 11; the two side beams 11 are arranged in parallel with a plurality of protective plates 12 and are located on both side edges of the plurality of protective plates 12; both ends of the two side beams 11 are connected to the driving assembly.

[0037] Specifically, in order to facilitate the smooth movement of the protection plate 12 on the arc track, in this embodiment, two side beams 11 are designed at the two side edges of each of the plurality of protection plates 12. These two side beams 11 are arranged parallel to the protection plate 12, and their two ends are respectively connected to the bearings 3 (for connecting to the track system) mentioned above. Specifically, the two ends of the side beam 11 are directly connected to the bearings 3, and the protection plate 12 is connected to the bearings 3 through flexible connecting wires 4.

[0038] In a further embodiment, the protection plate assembly includes two side beams 11 and a plurality of protection plates 12. The two ends of each side beam 11 are each slidably connected to a corresponding set of arc tracks. However, the protection barrier formed by the plurality of protection plates 12 has a relatively small area, and it is slidably arranged between the two side beams 11, not connected to the two arc tracks, and it can slide along the length extension direction of the side beam 11. The above structure can reduce the use of materials for the protection plate 12, make the protection barrier formed by it more matched with the area of the welding-generated sparks, and make the movement of the protection barrier more convenient.

[0039] Further, each set of arc tracks includes a first track 8 and a second track 9; the first track 8 is arranged on the side close to the inner wall of the tunnel; the second track 9 is arranged on the side far from the inner wall of the tunnel; the protection system moves in the track groove formed between the first track 8 and the second track 9.

[0040] Specifically, each set of arc tracks is subdivided into two parts, namely the first track 8 and the second track 9. Among them, the first track 8 is arranged on the side close to the inner wall of the tunnel, while the second track 9 is correspondingly arranged on the other side far from the inner wall of the tunnel. Such a layout provides a clear movement path for the protection system - that is, it slides in the track groove formed between the first track 8 and the second track 9. When the protection system moves to the top 1 of the tunnel arch, the plurality of protection plates 12 will deflect in the track chute under their own gravity, and then better fit the arch curve.

[0041] Further, each set of arc tracks further includes two fixing components; each fixing component is arranged on the arc track and is used to fix the arc track in a preset position.

[0042] Specifically, during the welding process, the movement of the protection system may cause the track system to move in the tunnel. Fixing components are arranged at the position of each arc track close to the tunnel floor, that is, close to the walking wheels, to fix it in the tunnel and prevent slipping.

[0043] Further, the track system further includes a fixed track 13 and a traction drive device 14; the fixed track is fixedly connected between two sets of arc tracks along the extension direction of the tunnel. A plurality of walking wheels 7 are arranged on the side of the fixed track far from the two sets of arc tracks; the traction drive device is connected to the fixed track and is used to drive the fixed track to move along the extension direction of the tunnel.

[0044] Specifically, in this embodiment, the track system further includes a fixed track 13 and a traction drive device 14. The fixed track 13 is arranged at the end of the straight section of the two arc tracks. A plurality of traveling wheels 7 are arranged on the side close to the tunnel floor and away from the arc track, and are used as the moving components of the protection device. The traction drive device 14 is connected to the fixed track 13 and is used to drive the fixed track 13 and the protection system thereon to move smoothly and quickly along the tunnel to meet the protection requirements at different positions during the welding operation.

[0045] It should be noted that in another embodiment, the track system specifically includes two traveling tracks; the two traveling tracks are respectively arranged on both sides of the tunnel floor close to the side wall and are laid along the extending direction of the tunnel; a movable component (such as a guiding roller or a sliding base) is installed at the end of the straight section of the arc track, and the traveling track is used to carry and guide the device to travel along the tunnel direction to avoid moving deviation.

[0046] In this embodiment, track fixing bolts 6 are arranged on the fixed track 13, and the track fixing bolts 6 are used to fix the arc track and the protection system thereon to the fixed track 13.

[0047] Furthermore, the drive component has a drive structure that can rotate forward and backward.

[0048] Specifically, during actual welding operations, when the protection system moves on the arc track, there are movements such as forward or backward. Therefore, in this embodiment, the drive component of the protection system has a drive structure that can rotate forward and backward, and can flexibly change the rotation direction according to actual needs, so as to drive the protection plate component to move forward or backward on the arc track. This characteristic greatly enhances the flexibility and adaptability of the protection system.

[0049] Second aspect: A construction method for tunnel welding, using the protection device for tunnel welding in the first aspect, includes the following steps: Step 1, determine the welding section and move the protection device to the welding section; Step 2, weld the first welding operation surface B in the welding section, move the protection system to the next welding operation surface B until the steel bar support surface 10 of this welding section is welded; Step 3, move the protection device to the next welding section and weld the steel bar support surface 10 of this welding section until the last welding section.

[0050] Specifically, in the tunnel welding operation using this construction method, the protection device specifically designed for tunnel welding is fully utilized to ensure the safety and efficiency of the welding process. The following are the detailed construction steps: Step 1: Determine the welding section and move the protection device; First, according to the tunnel construction plan and welding requirements, clarify the current tunnel section to be welded. Subsequently, the operator starts the traction drive device 14 of the protection device and smoothly pulls the protection device to the designated welding section. After the protection device is in place, adjust its position to ensure that the protection plate 12 covers the steel reinforcement support surface 10 where welding is to be carried out at the predetermined position, providing necessary protection for the subsequent welding operation.

[0051] Step 2: Welding operation and movement of the protection device; Within the welding section, the operator starts welding the first welding surface B. As the welding operation progresses, the drive component of the protection system is activated, driving the protection plate 12 to move smoothly on the arc track, ensuring that the protection barrier always closely follows the welding torch, effectively isolating the potential damage of welding sparks and molten materials to key structures such as the tunnel waterproof layer. After the welding of the first welding surface B is completed, the operator continues to control the drive component to move the protection system to the next welding surface B and repeats the above welding and protection process until the welding operation of the steel reinforcement support surface 10 in this welding section is all completed.

[0052] Step 3: Move to the next welding section and repeat the welding operation; After the welding of the steel reinforcement support surface 10 in the current welding section is completed, the operator starts the traction drive device 14 again to move the entire protection device to the next welding section. In the new welding section, the operator carries out the welding operation of the steel reinforcement support surface 10 according to the same steps and processes, while ensuring that the protection system always provides effective protection. This process will continue until the welding operations of all planned welding sections are completed.

[0053] The beneficial effects of the present invention are significant and are mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, the present invention adopts an active protection device. This design enables the protection system to actively respond to the requirements of the welding operation and provide precise protection. At the same time, by using a protection barrier made of a smaller area of protective material, not only the material cost is effectively reduced, but also the entire protection system is made more lightweight and flexible.

[0054] Secondly, with the help of a precisely designed track system, the protection system can move flexibly and smoothly in the tunnel. This characteristic ensures that the protection barrier can closely follow the changes in the welding operation area, providing continuous and effective protection, thus greatly improving the construction safety and efficiency.

[0055] Particularly importantly, the design of the protection plate 12 fully considers the complex shape of the tunnel vault 1. Through the overlapping of multiple parts of the protection plate 12, the protection plate 12 can closely fit with the vault, forming a seamless protection barrier. This design not only further enhances the protection effect but also avoids potential damage to the tunnel structure caused by improper protection.

[0056] As described above, these are only several embodiments of the present invention and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Although the present invention is disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the relevant art, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, making some changes or modifications using the disclosed technical content above is equivalent to equivalent implementation cases and all fall within the scope of the technical solution.

Claims

1. A tunnel welding protection device, characterized in that: include: a track system and at least one guard system; The track system comprises two sets of arc tracks matching the cross section of the tunnel, the two sets of arc tracks are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel and can move along the extension direction of the tunnel; The track system is arranged between the tunnel waterproof surface and the steel reinforcement support surface; The protection system includes a protection plate assembly, both ends of which are slidably connected to a corresponding set of arc tracks, and are used to move along the length direction of the arc tracks with the welding work surface when welding the steel bar support surface.

2. The protective device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each group of arc tracks includes an arc segment and two straight segments; The arc segment matches the vault of the tunnel; One end of each straight line segment is connected to one end of the arc segment, and the other end of each straight line segment is provided with a moving component.

3. The protective device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protection system includes a drive assembly and a plurality of protection plates; The driving components are connected to both ends of the plurality of protection plates, and are used to drive the plurality of protection plates to move on the arc track; The multiple protection plates are flexibly connected.

4. The protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two adjacent protective plates partially overlap.

5. The protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guard plate assembly also includes two side beams; The two side beams are arranged in parallel with the plurality of protection plates and are located at the two side edges of the plurality of protection plates; Both ends of the two side beams are connected to the driving assembly.

6. The protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each set of the arc-shaped tracks includes a first track and a second track; The first track is arranged on a side close to the inner wall of the tunnel; The second track is arranged on a side away from the inner wall of the tunnel; The guard system moves within a track groove between the first track and the second track.

7. The protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each set of the arc-shaped tracks also includes two fixing components; Each of the fixing components is arranged on the arc track and is used to fix the arc track at a preset position.

8. The protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The track system also includes a fixed track and a traction drive device; The fixed track is fixedly connected between the two sets of arc tracks along the extension direction of the tunnel, and a plurality of running wheels are arranged on a side of the fixed track away from the two sets of arc tracks; The traction drive device is connected to the fixed track and is used to drive the fixed track to move along the extension direction of the tunnel.

9. The protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving component has a driving structure for forward and reverse rotation.

10. A tunnel welding construction method, characterized in that: The protective device for tunnel welding according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: Step 1, determining a welding section, and moving the protective device to the welding section; Step 2, welding the first welding working surface in the welding section, and moving the protection system to the next welding working surface until the welding of the steel bar support surface of the welding section is completed; Step 3: Move the protective device to the next welding section and weld the steel support surface of the welding section until the last welding section.

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