Fan impeller three-axis numerical control machining clamp

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-axis numerical control machining clamp for a fan impeller, and belongs to the technical field of machining devices. The center of the base is fixedly connected with a second supporting bolt used for supporting the middle part of the part; the clamping seat and the base are arranged at an interval, a first through hole is formed in the center of the clamping seat, and a part is clamped in the first through hole; an angular hole used for being connected with a part in a matched mode is formed in the clamping base and close to the first through hole. The base and the clamping seat are connected through a plurality of connecting columns which are arranged at intervals; the pressing plate is detachably connected to the clamping base and used for pressing the edge of the part. The part fan impeller is supported by the clamp, intervention of a pressing device above the part is avoided in the structure, the free space of machining is increased, and therefore the feeding time of the part is shortened; the technology is optimized on the structure, the interference area at the edge of the blade is reduced, and the machining efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of machining devices, and particularly relates to a three-axis numerical control machining fixture for a fan impeller. Background Art

[0002] As a core component of turbomachinery, the fan impeller is widely used in fields such as aeroengines and gas turbines. According to the characteristics of its parts, existing machining methods for fan impellers mostly adopt five-axis machining methods or three-axis machining with the positioning method of the fan impeller blade surface. Due to its complex three-dimensional surface and strict precision requirements, five-axis machining has become the mainstream manufacturing method. However, the high cost and complex programming of five-axis machine tools limit their popularization in small and medium-sized enterprises. There are problems of over-positioning and limiting during machining and blade deformation on the surface after machining due to the clamping method in the existing three-axis machining method with the surface positioning of the fan impeller.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a three-axis numerical control machining fixture for a fan impeller. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-axis numerical control machining fixture for a fan impeller to solve the problems of over-positioning and limiting during machining and blade deformation on the surface after machining due to the clamping method in the existing three-axis machining method with the surface positioning of the fan impeller.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A three-axis numerical control machining fixture for a fan impeller, comprising:

[0007] A base, at the center of which a second support bolt for supporting the middle part of the part is fixedly connected;

[0008] A clamping seat, arranged at an interval from the base, a first through hole is opened at the center of the clamping seat, and the part is clamped on the first through hole; an angular hole for cooperating with the part is opened on the clamping seat near the first through hole; the base and the clamping seat are connected by a plurality of connecting columns arranged at intervals;

[0009] A pressing plate, detachably connected to the clamping seat, for pressing the edge of the part.

[0010] Further, the number of the pressing plates is multiple, and the multiple pressing plates are symmetrically arranged along the outside of the first through hole.

[0011] Further, on one side of the clamping seat near the pressing plate, a first threaded hole and a second threaded hole are opened at intervals, a first support bolt is threadedly connected to the first threaded hole, and a first locking nut is cooperatively connected to the first support bolt; a locking bolt is threadedly connected to the second threaded hole.

[0012] Further, a third through hole corresponding to the angular hole is formed in the part. An angular diamond pin is connected to the angular hole in a mating manner. The angular diamond pin sequentially passes through the third through hole and the angular hole and then extends between the base and the clamping seat, and is locked by a bolt.

[0013] Further, the upper surface of the clamping seat and the lower surface of the base are both processed by grinding.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. In the present invention, the fixture supports the part of the fan impeller. The structure avoids the intervention of the pressing device above the part, improves the free space for processing, and thus reduces the feed time of the part. On this structure, the process is optimized to reduce the interference area at the edge of the blade, improving the processing efficiency.

[0016] 2. In the present invention, the angular diamond pin sequentially passes through the third through hole and the angular hole and then extends between the base and the clamping seat, and is locked by a bolt, thus ensuring the angular positioning of the part during the processing.

[0017] 3. In the present invention, the part is located on the first through hole, and the edges of the part are pressed by a plurality of pressing plates, ensuring the position accuracy of the part in the fixture and avoiding the horizontal movement of the part.

[0018] 4. In the present invention, in the production and processing, the original five-axis machine tool equipment is reduced to a three-axis numerical control machine tool, and the original 5 ball-end cutters are reduced to the existing 3 ball-end cutters. The structure reduces the use of the pressing device above the part, thus accelerating the speed of the cutter in the cutting space, reducing the idle feed time, shortening the processing feed duration, and thus reducing the processing cost. By designing different fixtures, the processing of fan impellers of different types and specifications can be realized, expanding the processing range of the three-axis machine tool. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a top view structural schematic diagram of the three-axis numerical control machining fixture for the fan impeller in this embodiment;

[0020] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the sectional structural schematic diagram of A-A in

[0021] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the three-axis numerical control machining fixture for the fan impeller in this embodiment Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the three-axis numerical control machining fixture for the fan impeller in this embodiment Figure 2 .

[0023] Wherein: 1. Clamping seat; 101. First through hole; 102. Second through hole; 103. Angular hole; 2. Pressure plate; 3. First support bolt; 4. Locking bolt; 5. Base; 6. Connecting column; 7. First locking nut; 8. Second support bolt; 9. Second locking nut; 10. Part; 11. Angular diamond pin. Specific embodiments

[0024] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] Referring to Figures 1-4 , the present invention provides a three-axis CNC machining fixture for a fan impeller, including:

[0026] A base 5, and a second support bolt 8 for supporting the middle part of the part 10 is fixedly connected to the center of the base 5; a second locking nut 9 is connected in cooperation with the second support bolt 8 for fixedly connecting the second support bolt 8 and the base 5.

[0027] The clamping seat 1 is arranged at an interval from the base 5, and the base 5 and the clamping seat 1 are connected by a plurality of connecting columns 6 arranged at intervals. A plurality of second through holes 102 arranged in an array are correspondingly formed on the base 5 and the clamping seat 1. The upper surface of the clamping seat 1 and the lower surface of the base 5 are both subjected to grinding processing, so as to ensure the parallelism during the installation process of the part.

[0028] A first through hole 101 is formed at the center of the clamping seat 1, and the pressure plate 2 is detachably connected to the clamping seat 1 for pressing the edge of the part 10. Specifically, the number of the pressure plates 2 is multiple, and the multiple pressure plates 2 are symmetrically arranged along the outside of the first through hole 101.

[0029] During specific implementation, the part 10 is located on the first through hole 101, and the edge of the part 10 is pressed by a plurality of pressure plates 2, ensuring the position accuracy of the part 10 in the fixture and avoiding the horizontal movement of the part 10. The edge of the part 10 has a stepped end face, and after grinding treatment, its size and perpendicularity to the grinding end face are ensured. Specifically, the horizontal positioning surface of the part 10 and both sides are ground to ensure the parallelism of both sides. The vertical positioning surface of the part 10 and both sides ensure perpendicularity to the horizontal positioning surface and ensure the coaxiality of both sides.

[0030] An angular hole 103 for cooperating with the part 10 is formed on the clamping seat 1 near the first through hole 101; a third through hole corresponding to the angular hole 103 is formed on the part 10, an angular diamond pin 11 is connected in cooperation with the angular hole 103, and the angular diamond pin 11 sequentially passes through the third through hole and the angular hole 103 and then extends between the base 5 and the clamping seat 1 and is locked by a bolt, thereby ensuring the angular positioning of the part 10 during the machining process.

[0031] Specifically, on one side of the clamping seat 1 close to the pressing plate 2, a first threaded hole and a second threaded hole are spaced apart. A first support bolt 3 is threadedly connected to the first threaded hole, and a first locking nut 7 is fitted and connected to the first support bolt 3; a locking bolt 4 is threadedly connected to the second threaded hole.

[0032] Referring Figures 1-4 , in this embodiment, taking the open impeller of a cold storage compressor as an example, five-axis machining requires expensive five-axis machine tools and complex programming. However, by designing a special fixture, machining can be achieved on a three-axis machine tool. The specific details are as follows:

[0033] Each component in the fixture is processed by welding. After welding, heat treatment is performed to remove stress. The upper surface of the clamping seat 1 and the lower surface of the base 5 are ground to ensure that their parallelism is within 0.01 mm. Taking the upper surface of the clamping seat 1 as a reference, the outer circles on both sides of the part 10 are also ground to ensure that the parallelism does not exceed 0.01 mm. The part 10 is positioned in the first through hole 101 of the clamping seat 1 (the first through hole 101 ensures perpendicularity to the upper surface of the clamping seat 1 within 0.01 mm). At the same time, through the angular hole 103 on the clamping seat 1, an angular diamond pin 11 is press-fitted for angular positioning. Finally, the part 10 is clamped by the pressing plate 2 for numerical control machining, and the reverse side of the part 10 is positioned and machined by parallel flipping of the part.

[0034] In this embodiment, high-precision surface positioning and angular positioning are adopted to ensure that the machining accuracy of the blade profile and the mounting surface reaches within 0.01 mm. The parallelism of the part is ensured by the parallelism of the front and back surfaces of the blank of the part 10, and the centering accuracy during machining is ensured by the unified blank size accuracy of the part 10. The angular accuracy during reverse turning machining of the part is ensured by the angular hole 103.

[0035] In this embodiment, the fixture supports the fan impeller part, and the structure avoids the intervention of the pressing device above the part, increasing the free space for machining and thus reducing the feed time of the part. Process optimization is carried out on this structure to reduce the interference area at the blade edge, improving the machining efficiency. By optimizing the fixture structure and cutting parameters, the machining time for a single blade is shortened from the original 2 hours to 1 hour.

[0036] In this embodiment, in production and machining, the original five-axis machine tool equipment is reduced to a three-axis numerical control machine tool, and the original 5 ball-end cutters are reduced to the existing 3 ball-end cutters. Structurally, the use of the pressing device above the part is reduced, thus accelerating the speed of the cutter in the cutting space, reducing the idle feed time, shortening the machining feed duration, and thus reducing the machining cost; by designing different fixtures, machining of different types and specifications of fan impellers can be achieved, expanding the machining range of the three-axis machine tool.

[0037] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-axis CNC machining fixture for an impeller, characterized in that: include: A base, wherein a second supporting bolt for supporting the middle part of the part is fixedly connected at the center of the base; The card holder is arranged at a distance from the base, a first through hole is opened at the center of the card holder, and the part is clamped on the first through hole; an angular hole for matching and connecting with the part is opened on the card holder near the first through hole; the base and the card holder are connected by a plurality of connection columns arranged at intervals; A pressing plate is detachably connected to the holder and is used to press the edge of the part.

2. The three-axis CNC machining fixture for impeller according to claim 1 is characterized in that: There are multiple pressing plates, and the multiple pressing plates are symmetrically arranged along the outer side of the first through hole.

3. The three-axis CNC machining fixture for impeller according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A first threaded hole and a second threaded hole are spaced apart on one side of the base close to the pressure plate, the first threaded hole is threadedly connected to a first supporting bolt, and the first supporting bolt is matched with a first locking nut; the second threaded hole is threadedly connected to a locking bolt.

4. The three-axis CNC machining fixture for impeller according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The part is provided with a third through hole corresponding to the angular hole, and the angular hole is matched with an angular diamond pin, which passes through the third through hole and the angular hole in sequence and then extends to between the base and the socket, and is locked by a bolt.

5. The three-axis CNC machining fixture for impeller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the holder and the lower surface of the base are both ground.

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