Component hoisting and leveling method

Abstract

The present application provides a component hoisting and leveling method, which relates to the field of component hoisting; the component hoisting and leveling method includes: weighing the self-weight reaction force values of the four corners of the component, and calculating the first center of gravity offset Δx and the second center of gravity offset Δy; taking the center point of the component as the initial hoisting point, and recording the coordinates of the initial hoisting point as (0, 0); according to the first center of gravity offset Δx, simultaneously move the first leveling trolley and the second leveling trolley along the X-axis direction to adjust the center of gravity to the coordinates (Δx, 0); according to the second center of gravity offset Δy, start the winch and reel the third cable to adjust the center of gravity to the coordinates (Δx, Δy). The present application measures and calculates the first center of gravity offset Δx and the second center of gravity offset Δy, and then hoists the component after leveling, improving the hoisting efficiency, increasing the effective hoisting times, and reducing the safety risks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of component hoisting, and more particularly, to a method for leveling component hoisting. Background Art

[0002] As a new type of construction method, prefabricated buildings have been widely used in the construction industry in recent years. The core lies in prefabricating components in the factory and then transporting them to the construction site for hoisting and assembly. This construction method can not only improve the construction quality, shorten the construction period, but also reduce the impact of on-site construction on the environment.

[0003] However, due to the extremely large size and heavy weight of the components, the components are prone to torsion and dropping after being lifted, and it is impossible to smoothly carry out the manual leveling work. Not only is the leveling efficiency low, but there are also relatively large safety risks, posing a threat to the personal safety of the hoisting personnel. If the leveling is not in place, the components will twist at high altitude and it is impossible to carry out the next step of assembly. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a method for leveling component hoisting, which can achieve leveling before hoisting, improve the hoisting efficiency, increase the effective number of hoists, and reduce safety risks.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for leveling component hoisting for leveling a cuboid component. The method for leveling component hoisting includes:

[0006] Weigh the self-weight reaction force values at the four corners of the component, measure the long side length value and the short side length value of the component, and define the long side direction of the component as the X-axis direction and the short side direction of the component as the Y-axis direction;

[0007] If it is set that the component reaches equilibrium, by the principle of moment equilibrium, perform moment summation in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction respectively to obtain the first centroid offset Δx and the second centroid offset Δy;

[0008] Install the first leveling trolley and the second leveling trolley on two of the corners along the Y-axis direction respectively, install the winch on one of the remaining two corners, and the winch and the second leveling trolley are arranged at intervals along the X-axis direction;

[0009] Take the center point of the component as the initial lifting point, and record the coordinates of the initial lifting point as (0, 0);

[0010] Set a lifting member at the center point position, tie a first cable between the lifting member and the first leveling trolley, tie a second cable between the lifting member and the corner without the winch installed, and then install a pulley on the lifting member, pass the third cable around the pulley and connect it to the second leveling trolley and the winch respectively;

[0011] According to the first center-of-gravity offset △x, move the first leveling trolley and the second leveling trolley simultaneously along the X-axis direction to adjust the center of gravity to the coordinate (△x, 0);

[0012] According to the second center-of-gravity offset △y, start the winch and wind up the third cable to adjust the center of gravity to the coordinate (△x, △y).

[0013] In an alternative embodiment, the calculation formula for the first center-of-gravity offset △x is:

[0014]

[0015] In the formula: F1, F2, F3, and F4 are respectively the self-weight reaction force values at the four corners of the component, and L1 is the long-side length value of the component.

[0016] In an alternative embodiment, the calculation formula for the second center-of-gravity offset △y is:

[0017]

[0018] In the formula: L2 is the short-side length value of the component.

[0019] In an alternative embodiment, the calculation formula for the winding length a of the winch is:

[0020]

[0021] In the formula: D3 is the initial length of the third cable, and h is the distance from the lifting point to the top of the component.

[0022] In an alternative embodiment, the length of the first cable is D1, the length of the second cable is D2, and D3 = 2 * D2 = 2 * D1.

[0023] In an alternative embodiment, two hanging brackets are arranged at intervals along the Y-axis direction on the component, the first leveling trolley is slidably connected to one of the hanging brackets, and the second leveling trolley is slidably connected to the other hanging bracket.

[0024] In an alternative embodiment, at least one of the hanging brackets is provided with a lifting chain, and the winch is fixed on the lifting chain.

[0025] In an alternative embodiment, fix the adjusted lifting point, hook the component and pre-lift the component.

[0026] In an alternative embodiment, use an inclinometer to actually measure the center of gravity of the pre-lifted component, and perform fine adjustment through the leveling trolley and the winch.

[0027] In an alternative embodiment, a spirit level is used to measure the balance of the component. After the balance error meets the requirements, the component is lifted.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0029] Based on the bending moment balance principle, the present application calculates the first center of gravity offset Δx and the second center of gravity offset Δy before hoisting by using the self-weight reaction values at the four corners of the component, the long side length value, and the short side length value of the component. Then, the present application uses the first leveling trolley and the second leveling trolley to adjust the center of gravity in the X-axis direction, and uses the winch to pull the third cable to adjust the center of gravity in the Y-axis direction, achieving leveling before hoisting, improving the hoisting efficiency, increasing the effective hoisting times, and reducing the safety risks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and thus should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0031] Figure 1 Shows a schematic diagram of the component connection before leveling in some embodiments;

[0032] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 The schematic A-A sectional view in;

[0033] Figure 3 Shows Figure 1 The schematic B-B sectional view in;

[0034] Figure 4 Shows a schematic diagram of the component connection after leveling in some embodiments.

[0035] MAIN ELEMENT SYMBOL DESCRIPTION:

[0036] 100 - Component; 110 - First corner; 120 - Second corner; 130 - Third corner; 140 - Fourth corner; 200 - First leveling trolley; 300 - Second leveling trolley; 400 - Hanger; 500 - Winch; 510 - Suspension cable; 600 - First cable; 700 - Second cable; 800 - Third cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0037] Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where like or similar reference numerals denote like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application and should not be construed as a limitation of the present application.

[0038] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present application.

[0039] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0040] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "mounted", "connected", "coupled", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may be the direct contact between the first and second features, or the indirect contact between the first and second features through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "under" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0042] Embodiment 1

[0043] Please refer to Figure 1 For the hoisting of large components 100, the component 100 is hoisted from the on-site ground to a high place for assembly. In this embodiment, it can be set that the component 100 has a cuboid structure. For the convenience of description and understanding, the four corner parts of the component 100 are respectively defined as the first corner part 110, the second corner part 120, the third corner part 130, and the fourth corner part 140. Among them, the first corner part 110 and the second corner part 120 are arranged along the long side of the component 100, and the second corner part 120 and the third corner part 130 are arranged along the short side of the component 100.

[0044] This embodiment provides a method for leveling the hoisting of components. The method for leveling the hoisting of components includes:

[0045] S100. Weigh the self-weight reaction force values of the four corner parts of the component 100, measure the long side length value and the short side length value of the component 100, and define the long side direction of the component 100 as the X-axis direction and the short side direction of the component 100 as the Y-axis direction.

[0046] Before the component 100 enters the site, it is necessary to first build a weighing device. The weighing device includes a platform scale and three bearing platforms. The heights of the three bearing platforms are the same as the height of the platform scale, and the positions of the platform scale and the three bearing platforms are arranged according to the size of the component 100 to ensure that the four corner parts of the component 100 can be placed completely horizontally on the platform scale and the three bearing platforms.

[0047] It can be understood that the on-site size should be larger than the size of the component 100 to facilitate weighing the component 100.

[0048] After the component 100 enters the site, unload the component 100 onto the weighing device, read the first measurement value on the platform scale, and then rotate the component 100 horizontally. Reset the component 100 on the weighing device successively at 90° / 180° / 270° respectively, so that the other three corner parts at the bottom of the component 100 are placed on the platform scale in turn, and read the measurement values of the platform scale in turn, obtaining a total of four measurement values.

[0049] The four measurement values correspond to the weights of the four corner parts of the component 100 in turn. Since the component 100 has a cuboid structure, the measurement values of the four corner parts can be regarded as the weight representative values of the four quadrants with the geometric center of the component 100 as the origin.

[0050] Due to the different internal layouts and space densities of the component 100, the measurement values of the four quadrants are different. Subsequently, the eccentricity of the component 100 will be calculated based on this value, and the offset distance of the actual center of gravity of the component 100 relative to the geometric center can be obtained.

[0051] S200. If it is set that the component 100 reaches equilibrium, by the principle of moment equilibrium, the moment summations are respectively carried out in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction to obtain the first centroid offset Δx and the second centroid offset Δy.

[0052] Carry out the moment summation in the X-axis direction:

[0053]

[0054] Let the distance by which the centroid of the component 100 offsets from its geometric center in the x direction be , then the above formula can be decomposed into:

[0055]

[0056] The calculation formula for the first centroid offset Δx is:

[0057]

[0058] In the formula: F1, F2, F3, and F4 are respectively the self-weight reaction force values at the four corners of the component 100, and L1 is the long-side length value of the component 100.

[0059] The calculation formula for the second centroid offset Δy is:

[0060]

[0061] In the formula: L2 is the short-side length value of the component 100.

[0062] Correspondingly substitute the four measured values into the above two formulas to obtain the values of Δx and Δy.

[0063] In the above, the calculation of the centroid offset adopts the principle relationship of centroid point moment equilibrium, and the resultant force calculations in the X direction and the Y direction are respectively carried out. The resultant force calculation of the component 100 is considered in a two-dimensional plane, and the corner points in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction are the centroid plane coordinates.

[0064] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 .

[0065] S300. Install the first leveling trolley 200 and the second leveling trolley 300 on two of the corners along the Y-axis direction respectively, install the winch 500 on one of the remaining two corners, and the winch 500 and the second leveling trolley 300 are arranged at intervals along the X-axis direction.

[0066] Specifically, two hanging brackets 400 are arranged at intervals along the Y-axis direction on the component 100. The first leveling trolley 200 is slidably connected to one of the hanging brackets 400, and the second leveling trolley 300 is slidably connected to the other hanging bracket 400.

[0067] In this embodiment, the first leveling trolley 200 and the second leveling trolley 300 are in the form of sliding shoes. Using two hanging brackets 400 as slide rails, the initial positions of the first leveling trolley 200 and the second leveling trolley 300 are set at the ends of the hanging brackets 400. The ends of the hanging brackets 400 are located at the corners. Then, the first leveling trolley 200 and the second leveling trolley 300 are controlled to move horizontally by two synchronously operated hydraulic jacks.

[0068] At least one of the hanging brackets 400 is provided with a hanging chain, and the winch 500 is fixed on the hanging chain. To expand the winding range of the winch 500, in this embodiment, the winch 500 is fixed at the top of the hanging chain.

[0069] S400. Taking the center point of the member 100 as the initial lifting point, and recording the coordinates of the initial lifting point as (0, 0).

[0070] S500. Set a lifting member at the center point. Bind a first cable 600 between the lifting member and the first leveling trolley 200, and bind a second cable 700 between the lifting member and the corner where the winch 500 is not installed. Then, by installing a pulley on the lifting member, pass the third cable 800 around the pulley and connect it to the second leveling trolley 300 and the winch 500 respectively.

[0071] The length of the first cable 600 is D1, the length of the second cable 700 is D2, and D3 = 2 * D2 = 2 * D1. That is, in the initial state, the length of the third cable 800 is twice that of the first cable 600. If the third cable 800 is divided into two sub-cables by the pulley, the length of each sub-cable is equal to the length of the first cable 600.

[0072] The first cable 600 and the second cable 700 are cables with fixed lengths, and their lengths are not adjustable. After winding up the third cable 800, the lifting point moves downward along the X-axis direction. After paying out the third cable 800, the lifting point moves upward along the Y-axis direction.

[0073] Since the mass of the member 100 is relatively heavy, in this embodiment, the first cable 600, the second cable 700, and the third cable 800 can all be configured as steel cables to ensure that the steel cables will not break during the hoisting process.

[0074] Please refer to Figure 4 。

[0075] S600. According to the first center of gravity offset △x, move the first leveling trolley 200 and the second leveling trolley 300 simultaneously along the X-axis direction to adjust the center of gravity to the coordinates (△x, 0).

[0076] In this embodiment, the first leveling trolley 200 and the second leveling trolley 300 are respectively connected by I-beams. On the premise of rigid connection, the translation distances of the first leveling trolley 200 and the second leveling trolley 300 are the same. Such a setting can simplify the measurement steps and save working hours.

[0077] In some other embodiments, the final positions are respectively marked on the two hanging brackets 400 first, and then the first leveling trolley 200 and the second leveling trolley 300 are respectively moved to the marked final positions to ensure that the first leveling trolley 200 and the second leveling trolley 300 are in place. It can be understood that the distance between the final position and the initial position is △x.

[0078] In other words, if the geometric center of the component 100 is regarded as the initial coordinate (0, 0), the coordinate value in the X-axis direction is ; the first leveling trolley 200 and the second leveling trolley 300 carried by the hanging bracket 400 are used for horizontal center-of-gravity leveling, and the leveling distance is .

[0079] S700. According to the second center-of-gravity offset △y, start the winch 500 and wind up the third cable 800 to adjust the center of gravity to the coordinate (△x, △y).

[0080] The calculation formula for the winding length a of the winch 500 is:

[0081]

[0082] In the formula: D3 is the initial length of the third cable 800, and h is the distance from the lifting point to the top of the component 100.

[0083] Specifically, the distance from the lifting point to the top of the component 100 is a fixed value. The winding length a of the winch 500 and the center-of-gravity adjustment distance △y of the component 100 establish a functional relationship through the Pythagorean theorem, that is, the winding length a of the winch 500 is not equal to the center-of-gravity adjustment distance △y of the component 100.

[0084]

[0085] The calculation formula for the a value in the above text can be derived through the above formula.

[0086] In other words, if the geometric center of the component 100 is regarded as the initial coordinate (0, 0), the coordinate value in the y direction is ; the winch 500 carried by the hanging bracket 400 is used for horizontal center-of-gravity leveling, and the leveling distance is a.

[0087] According to the setting characteristics, the first leveling trolley 200 and the second leveling trolley 300 directly control the double suspension points through sliding, thereby adjusting the unidirectional center of gravity of the component 100, while the sling 510 of the winch 500 only controls the length of the third cable 800 through a single suspension point, and the adjustment range of its length is not linearly related to the center of gravity of the component 100. Therefore, the first leveling trolley 200 and the second leveling trolley 300 are used to control the balance of the long side of the component 100, while the winch 500 is used to control the balance of the short side of the component 100.

[0088] The present application adopts the moment balance principle, utilizes the self-weight reaction values of the four corners of the component 100 and the long side length values and the short side length values of the component 100, and calculates the first center of gravity offset △x and the second center of gravity offset △y before lifting. Then the present application utilizes the first leveling trolley 200 and the second leveling trolley 300 to adjust the center of gravity in the X-axis direction, utilizes the winch 500 to wind the third cable 800 to adjust the center of gravity in the Y-axis direction, and realizes leveling before lifting, thereby improving lifting efficiency, increasing effective lifting times, and reducing safety risks.

[0089] And because the present application completes the leveling before lifting, lifting and assembly can be completed at one time, without the need for separate leveling work before assembly, avoiding the steps of manual leveling and manual traction before the installation of the component 100, reducing illegal operations caused by unconventional construction, and reducing lifting risks.

[0090] Embodiment 2

[0091] See also Figures 1 to 3 Based on the first embodiment, this embodiment is improved in that the component hoisting and leveling method further includes:

[0092] Fix the adjusted lifting point, hook the component 100 and pre-lift the component 100, then use the inclinometer to measure the center of gravity of the pre-lifting, and use the leveling trolley and winch 500 to make fine adjustments, and finally use the spirit level to measure the balance of the component 100, and lift it after it meets the balance error.

[0093] Specifically, the fixing of the lifting point includes fixing the first leveling trolley 200 and the second leveling trolley 300 and fixing the winch 500. The fixing of the first leveling trolley 200 and the second leveling trolley 300 includes but is not limited to clamping and fixing with the hanger 400 using a self-contained clamping device.

[0094] In this embodiment, the pre-lifting height can be set to 5 cm from the ground.

[0095] Among them, the inclinometer measures the offset angle β in the X-axis direction and the offset angle β in the Y-axis direction during the pre-lifting stage. y, then adjust the leveling trolley and the hoist 500 respectively to make β x value and β y within the allowable range of the levelness.

[0096] This embodiment solves the problem of realizing leveling in the pre-lifting stage and directly installing after lifting in a building structure containing the prefabricated modular component 100 without changing the design of the component 100 itself and without affecting the hoisting safety, improves the work efficiency of the whole process of hoisting the component 100, and reduces the safety risk of manual leveling during the installation process.

[0097] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0098] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for leveling a hoisted component, which is used to level a cuboid component, characterized in that, Including: Weigh the self-weight reaction force values at the four corners of the component, measure the long-side length value and the short-side length value of the component, and define the long-side direction of the component as the X-axis direction and the short-side direction of the component as the Y-axis direction; If it is set that the component reaches equilibrium, by the principle of moment balance, perform moment summation in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction respectively to obtain the first center-of-gravity offset Δx and the second center-of-gravity offset Δy; Install the first leveling trolley and the second leveling trolley on two of the four corners along the Y-axis direction respectively, install the winch on one of the remaining two corners, and the winch and the second leveling trolley are arranged at intervals along the X-axis direction; Take the center point of the component as the initial lifting point, and record the coordinates of the initial lifting point as (0, 0); Set a lifting member at the center point, tie a first cable between the lifting member and the first leveling trolley, tie a second cable between the lifting member and the corner without the winch installed, and then install a pulley on the lifting member, and pass the third cable around the pulley and connect it to the second leveling trolley and the winch respectively; According to the first center-of-gravity offset Δx, move the first leveling trolley and the second leveling trolley along the X-axis direction simultaneously to adjust the center of gravity of the component to the coordinates (Δx, 0); According to the second center-of-gravity offset Δy, start the winch and wind the third cable to adjust the center of gravity of the component to the coordinates (Δx, Δy).

2. The component hoisting and leveling method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation formula for the first center-of-gravity offset Δx is: ， Where: F1, F2, F3, and F4 are the self-weight reaction force values at the four corners of the component respectively, and L1 is the long-side length value of the component.

3. The component hoisting and leveling method according to claim 2, wherein, The calculation formula for the second center-of-gravity offset Δy is: ， Where: L2 is the short-side length value of the component.

4. The component hoisting and leveling method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The calculation formula for the winding length a of the winch is: ， Where: D3 is the initial length of the third cable, and h is the distance from the lifting point to the top of the component.

5. The component hoisting and leveling method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The length of the first cable is D1, the length of the second cable is D2, and D3 = 2 * D2 = 2 * D1.

6. The component hoisting and leveling method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that Set two hanging brackets on the component at intervals along the Y-axis direction. The first leveling trolley is slidably connected to one of the hanging brackets, and the second leveling trolley is slidably connected to the other hanging bracket.

7. The component hoisting and leveling method according to claim 6, characterized in that, At least one of the hanging brackets is provided with a lifting chain, and the winch is fixed on the lifting chain.

8. The component hoisting and leveling method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that Fix the adjusted lifting point, hook the component and pre-lift the component.

9. The component hoisting and leveling method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Use an inclinometer to actually measure the center of gravity of the pre-lifted component, and perform fine adjustment through the leveling trolley and the winch.

10. The component hoisting and leveling method according to claim 9, characterized in that, Use a spirit level to actually measure the balance degree of the component, and perform lifting after meeting the balance degree error.

Images