Conditioner for improving banana planting soil and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a conditioner for improving banana planting soil and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, the conditioner comprises the following raw materials: humic acid, charcoal, dolomite dust, methyl cellulose, medium trace elements, an EM microbial agent, bamboo vinegar and a soybean meal extracting solution; then the raw materials are mixed in sequence, extruded, granulated and dried, and the soil conditioner is obtained. Through the synergistic effect of the raw material components, the physicochemical property of the soil can be improved, the fertility and health condition of the soil can be improved, healthy growth of bananas is promoted, and finally the yield and quality of the bananas are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and particularly relates to a conditioner for improving banana planting soil and its application. Background Art

[0002] Banana, a plant of the genus Musa in the Musaceae family, is widely planted in tropical regions and is one of the main economic fruit trees in the tropical areas of China. Bananas are fragrant and rich in nutrients. The plant is a large herbaceous plant that grows from a rhizome. A false stem 3 to 6 meters high is formed by the lower part of the leaf sheath. The leaves are oblong to elliptical, some up to 3 to 3.5 meters long and 65 centimeters wide, and 10 to 20 are clustered at the top of the stem. The plant dies after fruiting, and the sucker roots growing from the rhizome continue to reproduce, and each plant can live for many years.

[0003] Currently, the problems existing in banana planting soil are mainly caused by factors such as long-term unreasonable tillage management, over-reliance on chemical fertilizers and pesticides, lack of organic matter supplementation, and continuous cropping. Specifically, it is reflected in the following aspects:

[0004] 1. Soil compaction: Long-term lack of deep soil loosening, over-reliance on mechanical operations, frequent surface soil tillage, and unreasonable irrigation methods lead to the destruction of soil structure, and the air permeability and water permeability decrease. In addition, the extensive use of chemical fertilizers, especially physiologically acidic fertilizers, exacerbates soil compaction.

[0005] 2. Soil acidification: Long-term excessive use of chemical fertilizers, especially physiologically acidic fertilizers (such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, etc.), leads to the accumulation of acidic substances in the soil, and the activity of alkaline substances (such as calcium, magnesium) decreases or lacks supplementation after being absorbed by crops. In addition, the content of organic matter in the soil decreases, and the microbial activity decreases, further exacerbating soil acidification.

[0006] 3. Soil salinization: Long-term excessive use of chemical fertilizers, especially nitrate fertilizers, leads to the accumulation of salts in the soil. These salts accumulate on the surface with the upward movement of soil moisture, forming salinization. In addition, unreasonable irrigation methods (such as flood irrigation) will also exacerbate the accumulation of soil salts.

[0007] 4. Reduction of soil organic matter and imbalance of nutrient elements: Excessive application of chemical fertilizers, over-application of macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and neglect of the supplementation of micronutrients (such as calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, etc.) exacerbate the depletion of soil organic matter and also lead to the enrichment of macronutrients and the lack of micronutrients in the soil.

[0008] 5. Soil pollution: The pollution of "three wastes" (waste water, waste gas, waste residue) outside the agricultural system, the excessive use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and the residue of agricultural films inside the agricultural system, the pollution of untreated organic fertilizers, and the pollution of harmful pathogens will all enter the banana orchard soil. When the accumulation of these pollutants exceeds the self-purification ability of the soil, it will cause pollution to the soil.

[0009] In summary, the above problems not only affect the growth and yield of bananas, but also exacerbate soil degradation and environmental pollution. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a conditioner and a preparation method that can comprehensively improve the soil for banana cultivation and increase the banana yield. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a conditioner for improving the soil for banana cultivation and its application. The conditioner defined by the present invention can improve the health status of the soil for banana cultivation, ensure that the soil has good structure, nutrient balance and microbial activity, and thus can further increase the banana yield.

[0011] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0012] One of the technical solutions of the present invention:

[0013] A conditioner for improving the soil for banana cultivation, comprising the following raw materials:

[0014] Humic acid, biochar, dolomite powder (screened through 100-200 mesh sieve), methyl cellulose, medium and trace elements, EM bacterial agent, bamboo vinegar liquid and soybean meal extract.

[0015] Beneficial effects: Through the synergistic effect of the above raw material components defined by the present invention, it can not only improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, but also improve the soil fertility and health status, promote the healthy growth of bananas, and ultimately achieve a significant improvement in the banana yield and quality.

[0016] Among them, humic acid is a high-molecular organic compound that can combine with minerals in the soil to form stable complexes, and cooperate with biochar to jointly improve the soil aggregate structure, increase soil aeration and water retention, and prevent soil compaction; it can also combine with medium and trace elements to form stable chelates, preventing these elements from being fixed in the soil and ensuring their effective absorption by bananas; biochar is a porous carbon material pyrolyzed from biomass (corn straw) under anaerobic conditions at high temperature, with high stability, and can exist in the soil for a long time, improving the physical structure of the soil, increasing soil aeration and water retention, and preventing soil compaction; in addition, due to the large specific surface area, rich pore structure and negative charge sites of biochar, on the one hand, it can adsorb harmful substances in the soil (such as heavy metals, pesticide residues, etc.) to purify the soil environment, and on the other hand, it can enhance the cation exchange capacity of the soil and improve the soil's ability to retain nutrients; the main components of dolomite powder are calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and magnesium carbonate (MgCO3), which can neutralize acidic substances in the soil, increase the pH value of the soil, and it can also slowly release calcium and magnesium to supplement the medium elements in the soil and promote the growth of bananas; methyl cellulose is a water-soluble polymer that can form a gel-like substance in the soil, increase soil aeration and water retention, and prevent soil compaction; it can also form a film between soil particles to enhance the binding force between soil particles, prevent soil loss or erosion during irrigation or rainfall, and combine with nutrients in fertilizers to form a slow-release effect, extend the release time of nutrients, reduce nutrient loss, and improve nutrient utilization efficiency; medium and trace elements (such as iron, zinc, boron, molybdenum) are essential nutrient elements for plant growth. Lack of these elements will lead to problems such as poor growth of bananas and decline in fruit quality. By supplementing medium and trace elements, the nutrient balance in the soil can be ensured to meet the comprehensive needs of bananas; EM bacterial agents contain a large number of beneficial microbial populations, which can promote the reproduction of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, enhance the self-purification ability and nutrient conversion ability of the soil; organic acids in bamboo vinegar liquid can stimulate root growth, and cooperate with soybean meal extract to jointly enhance the root's ability to absorb water and nutrients and improve the stress resistance of bananas; and some components in bamboo vinegar liquid have certain antibacterial and insecticidal effects, which can reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases and protect the healthy growth of bananas.

[0017] Optionally, the conditioner comprises the following raw materials by weight parts:

[0018] 20 - 30 parts of humic acid, 10 - 15 parts of biochar, 10 - 12 parts of dolomite powder, 2 - 5 parts of methyl cellulose, 4 - 6 parts of medium and trace elements, 3 - 6 parts of EM bacterial agent, 1 - 2 parts of bamboo vinegar liquid and 4 - 5 parts of soybean meal extract.

[0019] Optionally, the conditioner comprises the following raw materials by weight parts:

[0020] 30 parts of humic acid, 15 parts of biochar, 12 parts of dolomite powder, 5 parts of methyl cellulose, 6 parts of medium and trace elements, 6 parts of EM bacterial agent, 2 parts of bamboo vinegar liquid and 5 parts of soybean meal extract.

[0021] Optionally, the medium and trace elements include borax, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate and ammonium molybdate, and the mass ratio is 1-2∶1-3∶2-4∶2-3.

[0022] Optionally, the total number of effective viable bacteria in the EM bacterial agent is: (1-2)×10 10 CFU / g.

[0023] Optionally, the bamboo vinegar liquid is a dilution obtained by diluting the original bamboo vinegar 100-200 times.

[0024] Optionally, the preparation process of the biochar is as follows:

[0025] Crush the corn straw to a particle size of 0.5-2 mm to ensure a uniform pyrolysis reaction, and then dry the crushed corn straw at 60-80 °C for 12-24 hours;

[0026] Under the condition of an inert atmosphere, heat the corn straw to 700-800 °C at a heating rate of 10-20 °C / min, and pyrolyze at this temperature for 30-55 min to obtain biochar.

[0027] Beneficial effects: The biochar obtained by the preparation method of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0028] 1. Soil improvement: Biochar with a large specific surface area has excellent adsorption performance, can effectively adsorb harmful substances such as heavy metals and pesticide residues in the soil, and purify the soil environment. At the same time, the porous structure of biochar can improve the air permeability and water retention of the soil, prevent soil compaction, and enhance soil fertility and microbial activity;

[0029] 2. Nutrient retention: Biochar has a high cation exchange capacity, can adsorb nutrients (such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc.) in the soil, reduce nutrient loss, and improve nutrient utilization efficiency;

[0030] 3. Enhanced stress resistance: Biochar can provide a good growth environment for plant roots, enhance the drought resistance, waterlogging resistance, pest and disease resistance of plants, etc., and promote the healthy growth of crops.

[0031] Optionally, the preparation process of the soybean meal extract is as follows:

[0032] Crush the soybean meal to obtain soybean meal powder, and then perform water extraction according to the mass ratio of soybean meal powder to water of 1∶10-20; then filter and centrifuge in sequence to obtain the soybean meal extract.

[0033] Further, the conditions during the water extraction process are: extracting for 6 - 12 hours at 40 - 60°C.

[0034] The second technical solution of the present invention:

[0035] A preparation method of a conditioner for improving banana planting soil, comprising the following steps:

[0036] (1) Mix humic acid, biochar, dolomite powder, methyl cellulose and medium and trace elements, and stir at low speed for 5 - 10 minutes to ensure uniform mixing of all solid components;

[0037] (2) Spray EM bacterial agent on the surface of the solid mixture obtained in step (1), and continue to stir at low speed for 5 - 10 minutes to ensure uniform distribution of the bacterial agent;

[0038] (3) Spray bamboo vinegar liquid and soybean meal extract on the surface of the solid mixture obtained in step (2), and continue to stir at low speed for 10 - 15 minutes to ensure full mixing of the liquid components and the solid components; then spray water on the surface of the material, and then granulate and dry to obtain the conditioner.

[0039] Optionally, the addition amount of water before granulation is 15 - 20% of the total mass of the raw materials;

[0040] The particle size of the granulated particles is 2 - 3 mm.

[0041] Optionally, the drying process is: drying at a temperature of 35 - 40°C for 8 - 12 hours.

[0042] The third technical solution of the present invention:

[0043] Application of the above conditioner in the field of improving banana planting soil.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0045] The soil conditioner prepared by compounding the raw materials disclosed in the present invention can effectively improve the health status of banana planting soil, enhance soil fertility, promote the healthy growth of bananas, and ultimately increase the yield and quality. Specific embodiments

[0046] The various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, characteristics and implementation schemes of the present invention.

[0047] It should be understood that the terms used in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. Additionally, for the numerical ranges in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Each intermediate value within any stated value or stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0048] Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. Although the present invention only describes preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials related to the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0049] Without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention, various improvements and changes can be made to the specific embodiments of the description of the present invention, which are obvious to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments obtained from the description of the present invention are obvious to those skilled in the art. The description and examples of the present invention are merely exemplary.

[0050] Regarding the use of "comprising", "including", "having", "containing", etc. herein, they are all open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0051] Unless otherwise specified, the "room temperature" mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention refers to 20 - 30 °C.

[0052] Unless otherwise specified, the "parts" mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention refer to parts by mass.

[0053] All raw materials used in the embodiments of the present invention are obtained by purchasing on the market.

[0054] The "low-speed stirring" mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention refers to a stirring speed of 100 - 500 r / min.

[0055] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below through examples.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] A conditioner for improving banana-growing soil, by weight parts, comprises the following raw materials:

[0058] 30 parts of humic acid, 15 parts of biochar, 12 parts of dolomite powder, 5 parts of methyl cellulose, 6 parts of medium and trace elements, 6 parts of EM bacterial agent, 2 parts of bamboo vinegar liquid and 5 parts of soybean meal extract.

[0059] Among them, the medium and trace elements are composed of borax, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate and ammonium molybdate, and the mass ratio is 2∶3∶4∶3;

[0060] Total viable bacteria count of EM bacterial agent: 2×10 10 CFU / g;

[0061] The bamboo vinegar liquid is a dilution of the original bamboo vinegar liquid diluted 200 times;

[0062] The preparation process of biochar is as follows:

[0063] Crush the corn straw to a particle size of 0.5 - 2 mm to ensure a uniform pyrolysis reaction, and then dry the crushed corn straw at 80°C for 12 hours;

[0064] Under the condition of an inert atmosphere, heat the corn straw to 800°C at a heating rate of 15°C / min, and pyrolyze at this temperature for 30 min to obtain biochar;

[0065] The preparation process of soybean meal extract is as follows:

[0066] Crush the soybean meal to obtain soybean meal powder, and then leach it at 55°C for 10 hours according to the mass ratio of soybean meal powder to water of 1∶15; then filter and centrifuge in sequence to obtain the soybean meal extract;

[0067] The preparation method of the above conditioner includes the following steps:

[0068] (1) According to the weight parts of the above raw materials, mix humic acid, biochar, dolomite powder, methyl cellulose and medium and trace elements, and stir at low speed for 10 minutes to ensure that the solid components are evenly mixed;

[0069] (2) Spray the EM bacterial agent on the surface of the solid mixture obtained in step (1), and continue to stir at low speed for 10 minutes to ensure that the bacterial agent is evenly distributed;

[0070] (3) Spray the bamboo vinegar liquid and soybean meal extract on the surface of the solid mixture obtained in step (2), and continue to stir at low speed for 15 minutes to ensure that the liquid components are fully mixed with the solid components; then spray water on the surface of the material (the addition amount of water is 15% of the total mass of the soil conditioner raw materials), and then granulate (the particle size of the particles is 2 - 3 mm) and dry at 35°C for 8 hours to obtain the conditioner.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] The difference from Example 1 is that the weight parts of each raw material in the soil conditioner are as follows:

[0073] 25 parts of humic acid, 12 parts of biochar, 11 parts of dolomite powder, 4 parts of methyl cellulose, 5 parts of medium and trace elements, 5 parts of EM bacterial agent, 2 parts of bamboo vinegar liquid, and 4 parts of soybean meal extract.

[0074] Other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0075] Example 3

[0076] The difference from Example 1 is that the weight parts of each raw material in the soil conditioner are as follows:

[0077] 20 parts of humic acid, 10 parts of biochar, 10 parts of dolomite powder, 2 parts of methyl cellulose, 4 parts of medium and trace elements, 3 parts of EM bacterial agent, 1 part of bamboo vinegar liquid, and 4 parts of soybean meal extract.

[0078] Other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0079] Example 4

[0080] The difference from Example 1 is that the medium and trace elements are composed of borax, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, and ammonium molybdate, and the mass ratio is 2∶2∶3∶2.

[0081] Other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0082] Example 5

[0083] The difference from Example 1 is that the medium and trace elements are composed of borax, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, and ammonium molybdate, and the mass ratio is 1∶1∶2∶2.

[0084] Other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0085] Comparative Example 1

[0086] The difference from Example 1 is that bamboo vinegar liquid is not added to the soil conditioner. Other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0087] Comparative Example 2

[0088] The difference from Example 1 is that soybean meal extract is not added to the soil conditioner. Other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0089] Comparative Example 3

[0090] The difference from Example 1 is that medium and trace elements are not added to the soil conditioner. Other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0091] Effect verification

[0092] Select banana plantations with similar soil environments and divide them evenly into nine planting areas. Before planting banana seedlings, eight of the planting areas are incorporated with the soil conditioners prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 (the application rate is 35 kg / ha) during land preparation to ensure that the conditioner is fully mixed with the soil and provide a good growth environment for banana roots. Another planting area is used as a blank control without applying the soil conditioner. The water and fertilizer management conditions in all planting areas are kept consistent. The yield increase rate per hectare of bananas is shown in Table 1 compared with the blank control.

[0093] Table 1

[0094]

[0095]

[0096] Conclusion: As can be seen from the above table, the bamboo vinegar liquid, soybean meal extract and medium and trace elements in the soil conditioner of the present invention play a synergistic effect, which can effectively improve the soil structure, increase soil fertility, promote the healthy growth of bananas, increase the banana harvest rate, and ultimately increase the yield per hectare of bananas.

[0097] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be covered by the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A soil conditioner for improving banana planting soil, characterized in that: Including the following ingredients: Humic acid, biochar, dolomite powder, methyl cellulose, trace elements, EM bacteria, bamboo vinegar and soybean meal extract.

2. A conditioner for improving banana planting soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conditioning agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of humic acid, 10-15 parts of biochar, 10-12 parts of dolomite powder, 2-5 parts of methyl cellulose, 4-6 parts of trace elements, 3-6 parts of EM bacterial agent, 1-2 parts of bamboo vinegar and 4-5 parts of soybean meal extract.

3. A conditioner for improving banana planting soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conditioning agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of humic acid, 15 parts of biochar, 12 parts of dolomite powder, 5 parts of methyl cellulose, 6 parts of trace elements, 6 parts of EM bacterial agent, 2 parts of bamboo vinegar and 5 parts of soybean meal extract.

4. A conditioner for improving banana planting soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The medium and trace elements include borax, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate and ammonium molybdate, and the mass ratio is 1-2:1-3:2-4:2-3.

5. A conditioner for improving banana planting soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total number of effective live bacteria of the EM bacterial agent: (1-2)×10 10 CFU / g.

6. A conditioner for improving banana planting soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bamboo vinegar liquid is a dilution obtained by diluting the bamboo vinegar stock liquid by 100-200 times.

7. A conditioner for improving banana planting soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation process of the biochar is as follows: First, the corn stalks are crushed and then dried at 60-80°C for 12-24 hours; Then, under inert atmosphere conditions, the corn straw is heated to 700-800°C at a heating rate of 10-20°C / min, and pyrolyzed at this temperature for 30-55 minutes to obtain biochar.

8. A conditioner for improving banana planting soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation process of the soybean meal extract is as follows: The soybean meal is crushed to obtain soybean meal powder, and then water extraction is performed according to a mass ratio of the soybean meal powder to water of 1:10-20; and then filtering and centrifugal separation are performed in sequence to obtain the soybean meal extract.

9. A method for preparing a conditioner for improving banana planting soil, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Mix humic acid, biochar, dolomite powder, methyl cellulose and trace elements, and stir at a low speed to evenly mix; (2) spraying the EM bacterial agent onto the surface of the solid mixture obtained in step (1) and stirring at a low speed to uniformly mix; (3) Spraying bamboo vinegar and soybean meal extract on the solid mixture obtained in step (2), stirring at a low speed to make it uniform; then spraying water, granulating, and drying to obtain the conditioning agent according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. Use of the conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in improving soil for banana cultivation.

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