A foundation pit deformation automatic monitoring and risk assessment system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of foundation pit deformation automatic monitoring and risk assessment system, it is related to foundation pit deformation monitoring technical field, including preset monitoring model generation module, historical settlement data acquisition module, settlement data analysis module, settlement type determination module and risk early warning module, by determining span fluctuation interval and determining complexity transformation interval, according to settlement type determination result and real-time monitoring data, the settlement span that needs to be evaluated and the transformation complexity that needs to be evaluated and comparison interval are compared, corresponding grade early warning signal is quickly generated, avoid only monitoring the deformation of foundation pit, and ignore the surface settlement shape change of foundation pit, further improve the monitoring accuracy of foundation pit deformation, further ensure the safety of foundation pit construction, effectively reduce the risk of safety accident caused by foundation pit deformation, guarantee construction safety and the smooth progress of engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of foundation pit deformation monitoring technology, specifically an automatic foundation pit deformation monitoring and risk assessment system. Background Technology

[0002] With the improvement of living standards and the development of urban civilization, super high-rise buildings and large-scale underground projects are constantly emerging, and the depth of foundation pits is also getting deeper and deeper. As a result, foundation pit construction accidents occur from time to time, which pose a great threat to the lives of workers. Therefore, it is extremely important to monitor the deformation of foundation pits quickly, efficiently and accurately for the construction of foundation pits in building projects. Once a safety accident occurs in the foundation pit, it may cause the project to stop and delay the project schedule, or even endanger the lives of construction workers and cause huge economic losses.

[0003] Patent publication number CN117268278A discloses a method for detecting foundation pit deformation, including the following steps: collecting information from a camera device and marker images installed in the target foundation pit; calculating first data based on the camera device information and the marker images; collecting the camera device information and marker images again in the target foundation pit; calculating second data based on the camera device information and the marker images; and determining whether the target foundation pit has deformed based on the first data and the second data. All of the above methods involve automatic data collection without manual intervention, allowing for real-time monitoring of foundation pit deformation. When deformation occurs, the method can detect the danger immediately and issue an alarm, preventing unnecessary accidents.

[0004] During the process of surface settlement, the surface settlement itself will also cause deformation hazards to the foundation pit, and at the same time, it will also have a certain impact on its surrounding environment, especially the surface. During the process of surface settlement, two different forms of surface settlement will be generated: triangular settlement and parabolic settlement.

[0005] However, in the process of monitoring the deformation of the foundation pit, the corresponding monitoring equipment is usually only set up inside the foundation pit to monitor the foundation pit at regular intervals. However, the internal monitoring equipment can only detect deformation after the foundation pit has deformed. It cannot accurately warn of the deformation caused by ground settlement. Based on this, an automatic monitoring and risk assessment system for foundation pit deformation is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic monitoring and risk assessment system for foundation pit deformation, which solves the technical problem of not being able to accurately predict the deformation of foundation pits caused by surface settlement.

[0007] An automatic monitoring and risk assessment system for foundation pit deformation includes:

[0008] The preset monitoring model generation module is used to set monitoring points according to the center point of the foundation pit, generate a preset monitoring model, and obtain monitoring data of the foundation pit surface.

[0009] The historical settlement data acquisition module is used to acquire historical settlement data of the foundation pit surface;

[0010] The settlement data analysis module is used to analyze historical settlement data and obtain the span fluctuation range and complexity transformation range corresponding to triangular settlement and parabolic settlement, respectively.

[0011] The settlement type determination module is used to determine the settlement type of the foundation pit surface to be assessed based on real-time monitoring data of the foundation pit surface to be assessed.

[0012] The risk warning module is used to generate warning signals of corresponding levels based on the type of settlement of the foundation pit surface to be assessed and real-time monitoring data.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention, the specific method for generating the preset monitoring model is as follows:

[0014] The center point of the foundation pit is obtained as the foundation pit calibration point Q. A horizontal calibration line B perpendicular to the vertical direction of the foundation pit is drawn at the center point Q. Monitoring points with equal intervals are set on both sides of the foundation pit calibration point Q. A two-dimensional coordinate system is established with the foundation pit calibration point Q as the origin. The positioning points are drawn according to the monitoring data and the coordinates are output to generate a preset monitoring model.

[0015] As a further aspect of the present invention: the specific method for establishing a two-dimensional coordinate system with the foundation pit calibration point Q as the origin is as follows:

[0016] Using the foundation pit calibration point Q as the origin O, a two-dimensional coordinate system is drawn with the distance between each monitoring point and the foundation pit calibration point Q as the horizontal axis and the surface settlement as the vertical axis. Based on the monitoring data, the corresponding positioning points of each monitoring point are plotted in the two-dimensional coordinate system. At the same time, the surface settlement corresponding to different monitoring points on both sides of the foundation pit is used as the vertical axis to obtain the coordinates of each positioning point in the coordinate system and output them.

[0017] As a further aspect of the present invention, the specific method for obtaining the span fluctuation ranges corresponding to triangular settlement and parabolic settlement is as follows:

[0018] S01: Randomly select one data point without replacement from the historical settlement data of the foundation pit surface without replacing.

[0019] S02: Import the analysis data into the preset monitoring model, obtain the coordinates of each positioning point, calculate the distance between each positioning point and the origin using the Euclidean distance formula, obtain the left span ZKn and the right span RKn respectively, and then use the standard deviation calculation formula to obtain their standard deviation values ​​CZ and CR, and take the average of the two as the settlement span J1 corresponding to the analysis data.

[0020] S03: Repeat steps S01-S02 above to obtain the settlement span Jj corresponding to the historical settlement data of the foundation pit surface for each triangular settlement, obtain the mean Jp of each settlement span Jj, and take the mean of the absolute values ​​of the differences between each settlement span Jj and the mean Jp as the domain value D1; obtain the span fluctuation range WA corresponding to the triangular settlement based on the mean Jp and the domain value D1; where j refers to the historical settlement data of the foundation pit surface for different triangular settlements;

[0021] S04: By applying the same analysis method as for the historical surface settlement data of foundation pits with multiple parabolic settlements to the historical surface settlement data of foundation pits with multiple triangular settlements, i.e. repeating S01-S03, the span fluctuation range WB corresponding to the parabolic settlement can be obtained.

[0022] As a further aspect of the present invention, the specific method for obtaining the complexity transformation intervals corresponding to triangular settlement and parabolic settlement is as follows:

[0023] S11: Select the same triangular settlement history data as the analysis object in step S01 of generating the span fluctuation interval unit;

[0024] S12: Based on the location point coordinates of the data, connect adjacent location points in a specific order to obtain the left and right location lines, and define the line connecting the adjacent points as a stage line. Calculate the left slope ZKr and right slope RKr of each stage line using the calculation formula, and then calculate the discrete values ​​ZU and RU corresponding to the left slope ZKr and right slope RKr respectively. Finally, take the average of the two as the transformation complexity F1 of the analyzed data.

[0025] S13: Repeat steps S11-S12 above to obtain the transformation complexity Fj corresponding to the historical settlement data of the foundation pit surface for each triangular settlement.

[0026] Obtain the mean Fp of the transformation complexity Fj, and take the mean of the absolute values ​​of the differences between each transformation complexity Fj and the mean Fp as the domain degree value D2; obtain the complexity transformation interval GA corresponding to the triangular settlement based on the mean Fp and the domain degree value D2.

[0027] S14: By using the same process to obtain the complexity transformation interval GB corresponding to the parabolic settlement of the foundation pit surface historical settlement data of multiple parabolic settlements, the complexity transformation interval GB corresponding to the parabolic settlement can be obtained.

[0028] As a further aspect of the present invention: the specific method for determining the type of settlement on the surface of the foundation pit to be assessed is as follows:

[0029] Input the real-time monitoring data of the foundation pit surface to be evaluated into the preset monitoring model generation module. According to the method in the preset monitoring model generation module, generate the coordinates of the positioning points corresponding to each monitoring point in the two-dimensional coordinate system. Find the positioning points corresponding to the two monitoring points closest to each other on both sides of the foundation pit calibration point Q, and calculate the difference between them and the settlement at the foundation pit calibration point Q, ΔZ and ΔR respectively. Find the positioning points corresponding to the two monitoring points farthest from each other on both sides of the foundation pit calibration point Q, and calculate the difference between them and the settlement at the foundation pit calibration point Q, ΔZmax and ΔRmax respectively. If the ratio of ΔZmax / ΔZ or ΔRmax / ΔR is between 0.9 and 1.1, the foundation pit surface to be evaluated is determined to be triangular settlement; otherwise, the foundation pit surface to be evaluated is determined to be parabolic settlement.

[0030] As a further aspect of the present invention, the specific method for generating warning signals of corresponding levels is as follows:

[0031] Real-time monitoring data of the foundation pit surface to be assessed is input into the settlement type determination module to determine the settlement type of the foundation pit surface. Then, the real-time monitoring data of the foundation pit surface to be assessed is input into the settlement data analysis module. The span fluctuation interval generation unit obtains the required settlement span (APM) corresponding to the foundation pit surface to be assessed, and the complexity transformation interval generation unit obtains the required transformation complexity (BPM) corresponding to the foundation pit surface to be assessed. Based on the settlement type corresponding to the foundation pit surface to be assessed, the corresponding span fluctuation interval and complexity transformation interval are extracted and used as the comparison span fluctuation interval and comparison complexity transformation interval. The required settlement span (APM) and transformation complexity (BPM) corresponding to the foundation pit surface to be assessed are compared and analyzed with the comparison span fluctuation interval and comparison complexity transformation interval, respectively, to generate a warning signal of the corresponding level.

[0032] As a further aspect of the present invention, the specific method for comparing and analyzing the settlement span (APM) and transformation complexity (BPM) corresponding to the surface of the foundation pit to be assessed with the comparison span fluctuation range and the comparison complexity transformation range is as follows:

[0033] When both the settlement span (APM) and transformation complexity (BPM) corresponding to the surface of the foundation pit to be assessed fall within the fluctuation range of the comparison span and the transformation range of the comparison complexity, no action is taken. When only one of the settlement span (APM) and transformation complexity (BPM) corresponding to the surface of the foundation pit to be assessed falls within the corresponding range, a Level II warning signal is generated. When neither the settlement span (APM) nor the transformation complexity (BPM) corresponding to the surface of the foundation pit to be assessed falls within the corresponding range, a Level I warning signal is generated. The warning level of the Level I warning signal is higher than that of the Level II warning signal.

[0034] As a further aspect of the present invention: the specific method for obtaining the span fluctuation range WA corresponding to the triangular settlement based on the mean Jp and the domain degree value D1 is as follows:

[0035] The sum of the mean Jp and the domain value D1 is taken as the upper limit of the span fluctuation range corresponding to the triangular settlement, and the difference between the mean Jp and the domain value D1 is taken as the lower limit of the span fluctuation range corresponding to the triangular settlement, thus obtaining the span fluctuation range WA[Jp-D1, Jp+D1] corresponding to the triangular settlement.

[0036] As a further aspect of the present invention: the specific method for obtaining the complexity transformation interval GA corresponding to the triangular settlement based on the mean Fp and the domain degree value D2 is as follows;

[0037] The sum of the mean Fp and the domain degree D2 is used as the upper limit of the complexity transformation interval corresponding to the triangular settlement, and the difference between the mean Fp and the domain degree D2 is used as the lower limit of the complexity transformation interval corresponding to the triangular settlement, thus obtaining the complexity transformation interval GA corresponding to the triangular settlement.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0039] (1) This invention analyzes real-time monitoring data of the foundation pit surface, and based on the changes in settlement at the foundation pit calibration point and the difference in settlement at the distance from the center of the foundation pit, combined with the ratio of monitoring points on both sides, can effectively determine the settlement type of the foundation pit surface. This provides a scientific basis for foundation pit deformation monitoring and risk assessment, and helps to provide early warning of the deformation trend of the foundation pit and achieve efficient and accurate automatic monitoring.

[0040] (2) This invention, by determining the span fluctuation range and the complexity transformation range, compares the settlement span to be assessed and the complexity transformation range to be assessed with the comparison range based on the settlement type determination results and real-time monitoring data, and quickly generates early warning signals of the corresponding level. This avoids monitoring only the deformation of the foundation pit while ignoring the changes in the surface settlement shape of the foundation pit, further improving the accuracy of monitoring the deformation of the foundation pit, further ensuring the safety of foundation pit construction, effectively reducing the risk of safety accidents caused by foundation pit deformation, and ensuring construction safety and the smooth progress of the project. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system framework structure of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the process of generating a preset monitoring model for this invention;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the two-dimensional coordinate system structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 3 This application provides an automatic monitoring and risk assessment system for foundation pit deformation, including:

[0046] The preset monitoring model generation module sets monitoring points based on the center point of the foundation pit to monitor the surface of the foundation pit. It then generates a preset monitoring model based on the center point and the set monitoring points, thereby acquiring surface monitoring data of the foundation pit and achieving surface monitoring of the foundation pit. The specific method for generating the preset monitoring model is as follows:

[0047] S1: Obtain the location of the center point of the foundation pit and use it as the foundation pit calibration point Q;

[0048] S2: Draw a horizontal calibration line B perpendicular to the vertical direction of the foundation pit based on the foundation pit calibration point Q. On the horizontal calibration line B, starting from the foundation pit calibration point Q, set the same number of monitoring points on both sides of the foundation pit calibration point Q. The distance interval between different monitoring points on both sides of the foundation pit calibration point Q is the same, and the distance interval is Y1. Y1 is a preset value. The specific value is set by relevant personnel according to actual needs. Here, Y1 = 0.68 meters.

[0049] S3: Taking the calibration point Q along the foundation pit as the origin O(0,0), the distance between each monitoring point and the calibration point Q of the foundation pit is used as the horizontal axis and the ground settlement is used as the vertical axis to draw a two-dimensional coordinate system. Based on the monitoring data, the corresponding positioning points of each monitoring point are drawn in the two-dimensional coordinate system and used as the positioning points of each monitoring point. The ground settlement corresponding to different monitoring points on both sides of the foundation pit is used as the vertical axis to obtain the coordinates of each positioning point in the coordinate system and output them to generate the preset monitoring model.

[0050] In this process, the coordinates of the positioning points located to the left of the origin O(0,0) in the two-dimensional coordinate system are labeled as Zn(ZXn, ZYn), and the coordinates of the positioning points located to the right of the origin O(0,0) are labeled as Rn(RXn, RYn). These coordinates are then output, where ZYn and RYn represent the surface subsidence amounts at different positioning points on both sides of the origin O(0,0).

[0051] It should be noted that the surface settlement is monitored and recorded by the preset monitoring equipment. In the process of monitoring the deformation of the foundation pit, the commonly used equipment is the level. The level is used to accurately measure the surface settlement. In addition, the use of the level to monitor the surface settlement is an existing and mature technology, so it will not be elaborated on here.

[0052] Where n represents different positioning points, n = 1, 2, ..., a, where a represents the number of positioning points located on both sides of the foundation pit calibration point Q. At the same time, a is a positive integer and a > 1.

[0053] By using a pre-set monitoring model generation module, monitoring points are set based on the center point of the foundation pit, and a two-dimensional coordinate system is constructed. Combined with automated monitoring equipment, data is acquired, eliminating the tediousness and inefficiency of traditional manual measurement. This not only significantly increases the monitoring frequency but also ensures the accuracy and consistency of the data, reducing errors caused by human factors and providing a solid and reliable data foundation for subsequent analysis and decision-making.

[0054] The historical settlement data acquisition module is used to acquire historical settlement data of the foundation pit surface from the database, including historical settlement data for triangular settlement and parabolic settlement.

[0055] The settlement data analysis module acquires historical settlement data for multiple triangular and parabolic settlements from historical settlement data of foundation pits of the same specifications. It then analyzes the triangular and parabolic settlements separately, and based on the analysis results, identifies the corresponding span fluctuation ranges and complexity transformation ranges for each type of settlement. Specifically:

[0056] The historical settlement data analysis module includes units for generating span fluctuation intervals and generating complexity transformation intervals;

[0057] The span fluctuation interval generation unit is used to analyze historical surface settlement data of foundation pits with multiple triangular and parabolic settlements. Based on the analysis results, the span fluctuation intervals corresponding to triangular and parabolic settlements are obtained respectively. The specific method is as follows:

[0058] S01: Randomly select one data point without replacement from the historical settlement data of the foundation pit surface without replacing.

[0059] S02: Import the analysis data into the preset monitoring model to obtain the coordinates Zn(ZXn, ZYn) and Rn(RXn, RYn) of each location point in the analysis data;

[0060] Based on the origin O(0,0) and the coordinates of each positioning point Zn(ZXn,ZYn) and Rn(RXn,RYn), the distance between each positioning point and the origin O(0,0) is calculated using the distance formula, and these distances are marked as the left span ZKn and the right span RKn, respectively.

[0061] The standard deviation values ​​CZ and CR of the left span ZKn and right span RKn are calculated using the standard deviation calculation formula, and the mean of the standard deviation values ​​CZ and CR is used as the settlement span J1 corresponding to the analysis data.

[0062] S03: Repeat steps S01-S02 above to obtain the settlement span Jj corresponding to the historical settlement data of the foundation pit surface for each triangular settlement, where j refers to the historical settlement data of the foundation pit surface for different triangular settlements.

[0063] Obtain the mean value Jp of each settlement span Jj, and take the mean value of the absolute value of the difference between each settlement span Jj and the mean value Jp as the domain value D1.

[0064] The sum of the mean Jp and the domain value D1 is taken as the upper limit of the span fluctuation range corresponding to the triangular settlement, and the difference between the mean Jp and the domain value D1 is taken as the lower limit of the span fluctuation range corresponding to the triangular settlement, thereby obtaining the span fluctuation range WA[Jp-D1, Jp+D1] corresponding to the triangular settlement.

[0065] It should be noted that the distance formula is used to calculate the distance between two coordinates, and it is the Euclidean distance calculation formula. The method for calculating the distance between two coordinates is an existing and mature technology, so it will not be elaborated on here.

[0066] S04: By applying the same analysis method as the historical settlement data of the foundation pit surface with multiple parabolic settlements to the historical settlement data of the foundation pit surface with multiple triangular settlements, i.e. repeating S01-S03, the span fluctuation range WB corresponding to the parabolic settlement can be obtained.

[0067] The complexity transformation interval generation unit is used to analyze historical surface settlement data of foundation pits with multiple triangular and parabolic settlements. Based on the analysis results, it obtains the complexity transformation intervals corresponding to triangular and parabolic settlements, respectively. The specific method is as follows:

[0068] S11: Select historical surface data of the foundation pit with the same triangular settlement as in step S01 as the analysis data;

[0069] S12: Obtain the coordinates Zn(ZXn, ZYn) and Rn(RXn, RYn) of each positioning point in the analysis data from step S02. For the coordinates Zn(ZXn, ZYn) of the positioning point located to the left of the origin O(0, 0), starting from the origin O, connect the two adjacent positioning points in order from right to left to generate the left positioning line. Mark the connecting line between each two adjacent positioning points as the stage line. At the same time, take the coordinates of the two positioning points that make up the connecting line as the coordinates of the two endpoints on the stage line. Obtain the left slope ZKr of each stage line according to the coordinates of the two endpoints on each stage line, where r refers to different stage lines, r = 1, 2, ..., a-1, r ≥ 2;

[0070] For the coordinates Rn(RXn, RYn) of the positioning point located to the right of the origin O(0, 0), starting from the origin O, connect the two adjacent positioning points in order from left to right to generate the right positioning line. Mark the connecting line between each pair of adjacent positioning points as the stage line. At the same time, take the coordinates of the two positioning points that make up the connecting line as the coordinates of the two endpoints on the stage line. Obtain the right slope RKr of each stage line according to the coordinates of the two endpoints on each stage line.

[0071] It should be noted that when calculating the slope RKr on the right side, a common mathematical formula for slope calculation is used. This is an existing and mature formula, so it will not be elaborated upon here. It is important to ensure the accuracy of the coordinates of the positioning points during the calculation process to avoid deviations in the slope calculation due to measurement errors or data entry errors. Since the positioning points are selected from left to right, it is required to strictly follow this order to calculate adjacent positioning points sequentially; otherwise, an incorrect slope trend will be obtained.

[0072] The discrete values ​​ZU and RU corresponding to the left slope ZKr and the right slope RKr are calculated using the discrete value calculation formula. The mean of ZU and RU is then used as the transformation complexity F1 corresponding to the analysis data.

[0073] The formula for calculating discrete values ​​is an existing and mature application formula, so it will not be elaborated on here.

[0074] S13: Repeat steps S11-S12 above to obtain the transformation complexity Fj corresponding to the historical settlement data of the foundation pit surface for each triangular settlement.

[0075] Obtain the mean Fp of the transformation complexity Fj, and take the mean of the absolute values ​​of the differences between each transformation complexity Fj and the mean Fp as the domain value D2.

[0076] The sum of the mean Fp and the domain degree D2 is taken as the upper limit of the complexity transformation interval corresponding to the triangular settlement, and the difference between the mean Fp and the domain degree D2 is taken as the lower limit of the complexity transformation interval corresponding to the triangular settlement, thereby obtaining the complexity transformation interval GA[Fp-D2, Fp+D2] corresponding to the triangular settlement.

[0077] S14: By applying the same analysis method as the historical settlement data of the foundation pit surface with multiple parabolic settlements to the historical settlement data of the foundation pit surface with multiple triangular settlements, i.e. repeating S11-S13, the complexity transformation interval GB corresponding to the parabolic settlement can be obtained.

[0078] The settlement data analysis module utilizes span fluctuation interval generation units and complexity transformation interval generation units to conduct in-depth mining and analysis of historical settlement data. Through scientific calculation methods, the span fluctuation intervals and complexity transformation intervals corresponding to triangular and parabolic settlements are derived, providing a quantitative basis for accurately determining the current settlement type and risk level of the foundation pit, making risk assessment more scientific and precise.

[0079] The risk warning module inputs real-time monitoring data of the surface of the foundation pit to be assessed into the settlement type determination module to determine the settlement type of the surface of the foundation pit to be assessed. Then, it inputs real-time monitoring data of the surface of the foundation pit to be assessed into the settlement data analysis module. The span fluctuation interval generation unit obtains the settlement span (APM) corresponding to the surface of the foundation pit to be assessed, and the complexity transformation interval generation unit obtains the transformation complexity (BPM) corresponding to the surface of the foundation pit to be assessed.

[0080] Based on the settlement type corresponding to the surface of the foundation pit to be assessed, the corresponding span fluctuation range and complexity transformation zone are extracted and used as the comparison span fluctuation range and comparison complexity transformation zone.

[0081] The assessment span (APM) and transformation complexity (BPM) of the foundation pit surface area to be assessed are compared with the comparison span fluctuation range and the comparison complexity transformation range, respectively, to generate early warning signals of corresponding levels. The specific method is as follows:

[0082] When both the settlement span (APM) and transformation complexity (BPM) corresponding to the surface of the foundation pit to be assessed fall within the fluctuation range of the comparison span and the transformation range of the comparison complexity, no action is taken. When only one of the settlement span (APM) and transformation complexity (BPM) corresponding to the surface of the foundation pit to be assessed falls within the corresponding range, a secondary warning signal is generated. When neither the settlement span (APM) nor the transformation complexity (BPM) corresponding to the surface of the foundation pit to be assessed falls within the corresponding range, a primary warning signal is generated.

[0083] The warning level of a Level 1 warning signal is higher than that of a Level 2 warning signal. Level 1 warning: When the settlement span and complexity exceed the normal range, it indicates that the risk of foundation pit deformation is relatively high and measures need to be taken immediately. Level 2 warning: When only one settlement parameter exceeds the normal range, it indicates that the risk of foundation pit deformation is increased and monitoring and handling need to be strengthened.

[0084] The historical settlement data acquisition module retrieves historical settlement data, including triangular and parabolic settlement patterns, from the database. The settlement data analysis module analyzes this data using span fluctuation interval generation and complexity transformation interval generation units. The span fluctuation interval generation unit calculates the settlement span by the distance between the positioning point and the origin, thus determining the span fluctuation interval. The complexity transformation interval generation unit calculates the transformation complexity by the slope of the line connecting the positioning points, thus determining the complexity transformation interval. These interval data provide important reference standards for risk assessment.

[0085] Based on the settlement type determination results and real-time monitoring data, the risk warning module compares the APM (Area Per Millimeter) and BPM (Bridge Per Millimeter) of settlement to be assessed with the comparison range, and quickly generates warning signals of the corresponding level. This avoids monitoring only the depth of the foundation pit deformation while ignoring changes in the shape of the settlement, further improving the accuracy of foundation pit deformation monitoring, ensuring the safety of foundation pit construction, effectively reducing the risk of safety accidents caused by foundation pit deformation, and guaranteeing construction safety and the smooth progress of the project.

[0086] Example 2: As Example 2 of the present invention, in specific implementation, the technical solution of this example differs from that of Example 1 only in that this example also includes a settlement type determination module;

[0087] The settlement type determination module is used to determine the settlement type of the foundation pit surface to be assessed based on real-time monitoring data. The settlement types of the foundation pit surface include triangular settlement and parabolic settlement. The specific determination method is as follows:

[0088] Input the real-time monitoring data of the foundation pit surface to be evaluated into the preset monitoring model generation module. In accordance with the method in the preset monitoring model generation module, generate the location point coordinates corresponding to each monitoring point in the two-dimensional coordinate system, and mark them as Zn(ZXn, ZYn) and Rn(RXn, RYn) respectively.

[0089] Find the positioning points corresponding to the two monitoring points closest to each other on both sides of the foundation pit calibration point Q, and calculate the difference between their settlement and the settlement at foundation pit calibration point Q, ΔZ and ΔR respectively. Find the positioning points corresponding to the two monitoring points farthest from each other on both sides of foundation pit calibration point Q, and calculate the difference between their settlement and the settlement at foundation pit calibration point Q, ΔZmax and ΔRmax respectively.

[0090] If the ratio of △Zmax / △Z or △Rmax / △R is between 0.9 and 1.1, the surface of the foundation pit to be evaluated is determined to be triangular settlement; otherwise, the surface of the foundation pit to be evaluated is determined to be parabolic settlement.

[0091] If the ratio is between 0.9 and 1.1: it indicates that the settlement change from the center to the edge of the foundation pit shows an approximately linear and symmetrical trend on both sides. In this case, the surface of the foundation pit is judged to be triangular settlement. If the ratio is not between 0.9 and 1.1: it indicates that the settlement change trend is non-linear or the settlement change on both sides is asymmetrical. In this case, the surface of the foundation pit is judged to be parabolic settlement.

[0092] By analyzing real-time monitoring data of the foundation pit surface, and based on the changes in settlement at the foundation pit calibration points and the difference in settlement from the center of the foundation pit, combined with the ratio of monitoring points on both sides, the type of settlement of the foundation pit surface can be effectively determined. This provides a scientific basis for foundation pit deformation monitoring and risk assessment, helps to provide early warning of the deformation trend of the foundation pit, and enables efficient and accurate automatic monitoring.

[0093] Example 3: As Example 3 of the present invention, in specific implementation, compared with Example 1 and Example 2, the technical solution of this example is to combine the solutions of Example 1 and Example 2.

[0094] The above formulas are all dimensionless calculations. The formulas are derived from software simulations based on a large amount of collected data to obtain the most recent real-world results. The preset parameters and thresholds in the formulas are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation.

[0095] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An automatic monitoring and risk assessment system for foundation pit deformation, characterized in that, include: The preset monitoring model generation module is used to set monitoring points according to the center point of the foundation pit, generate a preset monitoring model, and obtain monitoring data of the foundation pit surface. The historical settlement data acquisition module is used to acquire historical settlement data of the foundation pit surface; The settlement data analysis module is used to analyze historical settlement data and obtain the span fluctuation range and complexity transformation range corresponding to triangular settlement and parabolic settlement, respectively. The settlement type determination module is used to determine the settlement type of the foundation pit surface to be assessed based on real-time monitoring data of the foundation pit surface to be assessed. The risk warning module is used to generate warning signals of corresponding levels based on the type of settlement of the foundation pit surface to be assessed and real-time monitoring data. The specific methods for obtaining the span fluctuation ranges corresponding to triangular and parabolic settlements are as follows: S01: Randomly select one data point without replacement from the historical settlement data of the foundation pit surface without replacing. S02: Import the analysis data into the preset monitoring model, obtain the coordinates of each positioning point, calculate the distance between each positioning point and the origin using the Euclidean distance formula, obtain the left span ZKn and the right span RKn respectively, and then use the standard deviation calculation formula to obtain their standard deviation values ​​CZ and CR, and take the average of the two as the settlement span J1 corresponding to the analysis data. S03: Repeat steps S01-S02 above to obtain the settlement span Jj corresponding to the historical settlement data of the foundation pit surface for each triangular settlement, obtain the mean Jp of each settlement span Jj, and take the mean of the absolute values ​​of the differences between each settlement span Jj and the mean Jp as the domain value D1; obtain the span fluctuation range WA corresponding to the triangular settlement based on the mean Jp and the domain value D1. Where j refers to the historical settlement data of the foundation pit surface for different triangular settlements; S04: By applying the same analysis method as the historical settlement data of the foundation pit surface with multiple parabolic settlements to the historical settlement data of the foundation pit surface with multiple triangular settlements, i.e. repeating S01-S03, the span fluctuation range WB corresponding to the parabolic settlement can be obtained. The specific methods for obtaining the complexity transformation intervals corresponding to triangular and parabolic settlements are as follows: S11: Select the same triangular settlement history data as the analysis object in step S01 of generating the span fluctuation interval unit; S12: Based on the coordinates of the location points in the data, connect adjacent location points in sequence. Connect the two adjacent location points to the left of the origin in order from right to left, and connect the two adjacent location points to the right of the origin in order from left to right, to obtain the left location line and the right location line. Define the line connecting the adjacent points as the stage line. Calculate the left slope ZKr and the right slope RKr of each stage line using the slope formula. Then calculate the discrete values ​​ZU and RU corresponding to the left slope ZKr and the right slope RKr respectively. Finally, take the average of the two as the transformation complexity F1 of the analyzed data. S13: Repeat steps S11-S12 above to obtain the transformation complexity Fj corresponding to the historical surface settlement data of the foundation pit for each triangular settlement; obtain the mean Fp of the transformation complexity Fj, and take the mean of the absolute values ​​of the differences between each transformation complexity Fj and the mean Fp as the domain degree value D2; obtain the complexity transformation interval GA corresponding to the triangular settlement based on the mean Fp and the domain degree value D2. S14: By using the same process to obtain the complexity transformation interval GB corresponding to the parabolic settlement of the foundation pit surface historical settlement data of multiple parabolic settlements, the complexity transformation interval GB corresponding to the parabolic settlement can be obtained.

2. The automatic monitoring and risk assessment system for foundation pit deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for generating the preset monitoring model is as follows: The center point of the foundation pit is obtained as the foundation pit calibration point Q. A horizontal calibration line B perpendicular to the vertical direction of the foundation pit is drawn at the center point Q. Monitoring points with equal intervals are set on both sides of the foundation pit calibration point Q. A two-dimensional coordinate system is established with the foundation pit calibration point Q as the origin. The positioning points are drawn according to the monitoring data and the coordinates are output to generate a preset monitoring model.

3. The automatic monitoring and risk assessment system for foundation pit deformation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific method for establishing a two-dimensional coordinate system with the foundation pit calibration point Q as the origin is as follows: Using the foundation pit calibration point Q as the origin O, a two-dimensional coordinate system is drawn with the distance between each monitoring point and the foundation pit calibration point Q as the horizontal axis and the surface settlement as the vertical axis. Based on the monitoring data, the corresponding positioning points of each monitoring point are plotted in the two-dimensional coordinate system. At the same time, the surface settlement corresponding to different monitoring points on both sides of the foundation pit is used as the vertical axis to obtain the coordinates of each positioning point in the coordinate system and output them.

4. The automatic monitoring and risk assessment system for foundation pit deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for determining the type of settlement on the surface of the foundation pit that needs to be assessed is as follows: Input the real-time monitoring data of the surface of the foundation pit to be evaluated into the preset monitoring model generation module. According to the method in the preset monitoring model generation module, generate the coordinates of the positioning points corresponding to each monitoring point in the two-dimensional coordinate system. Find the positioning points corresponding to the two monitoring points that are closest to each other on both sides of the foundation pit calibration point Q, and calculate the difference between them and the settlement at the foundation pit calibration point Q, ΔZ and ΔR respectively. Find the positioning points corresponding to the two monitoring points that are farthest from each other on both sides of the foundation pit calibration point Q, and calculate the difference between them and the settlement at the foundation pit calibration point Q, ΔZmax and ΔRmax respectively. If the ratio of △Zmax / △Z or △Rmax / △R is between 0.9 and 1.1, the surface of the foundation pit to be evaluated is determined to be triangular settlement; otherwise, the surface of the foundation pit to be evaluated is determined to be parabolic settlement.

5. The automatic monitoring and risk assessment system for foundation pit deformation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific method for generating warning signals of the corresponding level is as follows: Real-time monitoring data of the foundation pit surface to be assessed is input into the settlement type determination module to determine the settlement type of the foundation pit surface. Then, the real-time monitoring data of the foundation pit surface to be assessed is input into the settlement data analysis module. The span fluctuation interval generation unit obtains the required settlement span (APM) corresponding to the foundation pit surface to be assessed, and the complexity transformation interval generation unit obtains the required transformation complexity (BPM) corresponding to the foundation pit surface to be assessed. Based on the settlement type corresponding to the foundation pit surface to be assessed, the corresponding span fluctuation interval and complexity transformation interval are extracted and used as the comparison span fluctuation interval and comparison complexity transformation interval. The required settlement span (APM) and transformation complexity (BPM) corresponding to the foundation pit surface to be assessed are compared and analyzed with the comparison span fluctuation interval and comparison complexity transformation interval, respectively, to generate a warning signal of the corresponding level.

6. The automatic monitoring and risk assessment system for foundation pit deformation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The specific method for comparing and analyzing the settlement span (APM) and transformation complexity (BPM) of the foundation pit surface corresponding to the foundation pit to be assessed with the comparison span fluctuation range and the comparison complexity transformation range is as follows: When both the settlement span (APM) and transformation complexity (BPM) corresponding to the surface of the foundation pit to be assessed fall within the fluctuation range of the comparison span and the transformation range of the comparison complexity, no action is taken. When only one of the settlement span (APM) and transformation complexity (BPM) corresponding to the surface of the foundation pit to be assessed falls within the corresponding range, a Level II warning signal is generated. When neither the settlement span (APM) nor the transformation complexity (BPM) corresponding to the surface of the foundation pit to be assessed falls within the corresponding range, a Level I warning signal is generated. The warning level of the Level I warning signal is higher than that of the Level II warning signal.

7. The automatic monitoring and risk assessment system for foundation pit deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for obtaining the span fluctuation range WA corresponding to the triangular settlement based on the mean Jp and the domain degree value D1 is as follows: The sum of the mean Jp and the domain value D1 is taken as the upper limit of the span fluctuation range corresponding to the triangular settlement, and the difference between the mean Jp and the domain value D1 is taken as the lower limit of the span fluctuation range corresponding to the triangular settlement, thereby obtaining the span fluctuation range WA [Jp-D1, Jp+D1] corresponding to the triangular settlement.

8. The automatic monitoring and risk assessment system for foundation pit deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for obtaining the complexity transformation interval GA corresponding to the triangular settlement based on the mean Fp and the domain degree value D2 is as follows: The sum of the mean Fp and the domain degree D2 is used as the upper limit of the complexity transformation interval corresponding to the triangular settlement, and the difference between the mean Fp and the domain degree D2 is used as the lower limit of the complexity transformation interval corresponding to the triangular settlement, thus obtaining the complexity transformation interval GA corresponding to the triangular settlement.

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