Overlying strata separation layer water disaster hidden danger identification system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of groundwater geology engineering, in particular to an overlying strata separation layer water disaster hidden danger recognition system and method. By combining data acquisition, dynamic updating and analysis methods, the separation layer and the key layer which may generate water disaster hidden dangers in the mining area can be accurately identified; through comprehensive acquisition and analysis of physical and mechanical parameters, a controlled relationship, a key layer and a separation layer are identified, so that a potential water disaster risk can be early warned and processed in time; according to the method, the potential water disaster risk of the mining area can be evaluated through various technical means such as load analysis, bed separation analysis, rigidity and strength judgment and the like; when a certain area reaches a danger threshold value, the system triggers first-level and second-level alarming, early warning information is sent to a manager in time, the area with risks is highlighted through a display screen, and accurate decision support is provided for the manager.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of groundwater hydrogeological engineering, and particularly to a system and method for identifying hidden dangers of overlying strata separation water hazards. Background Art

[0002] Groundwater hydrogeological engineering technology is a comprehensive discipline that mainly studies the distribution and movement laws of groundwater and its interaction with geological structures, aiming to solve geological disasters and engineering problems related to groundwater, especially in the fields of mine exploitation, tunnel construction, underground engineering, etc.

[0003] Although much progress has been made in groundwater hydrogeological engineering technology, some challenges still remain

[0004] Firstly, groundwater hydrogeological data usually contains a large number of variables, such as the thickness, elastic modulus, permeability of rock strata, etc. Existing technologies may have limitations in processing high-dimensional data, especially when there are complex relationships among multiple variables. Conventional data analysis methods may not be sufficient to handle the interactions among multiple dimensions and it is difficult to extract valuable information from massive data, thus affecting the prediction accuracy of the model.

[0005] Secondly, the alarm mechanism in the existing water hazard warning systems involved in groundwater hydrogeological engineering relies on fixed judgment rules and simple numerical threshold judgments for data such as water pressure and flow rate. It is not only difficult to obtain accurate data, but also unable to accurately reflect the specific impact of water hazards on the mechanical properties of each rock stratum, which may lead to false alarms or missed alarms. Especially in a dynamic and complex groundwater environment, simple rules may not be able to cover all possible water hazard risk scenarios comprehensively. Especially when complex geological emergencies occur, the alarm system may not be able to respond in a timely manner.

[0006] In view of the above problems, it is necessary to propose a system and method for identifying hidden dangers of overlying strata separation water hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the background art and propose a system and method for identifying hidden dangers of overlying strata separation water hazards.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a system for identifying hidden dangers of overlying strata separation water hazards, including a data acquisition module, a data filtering module, a central analysis and processing module, a disaster identification module, a database, and an alarm display module.

[0010] The data acquisition module collects data from several monitoring points arranged in the mining area, including the location coordinates of each monitoring point, as well as the field survey logs, drilling data, monitoring equipment records and historical mining data of each monitoring point. In addition, the module also obtains the physical and mechanical parameters of each rock layer, such as rock layer thickness, elastic modulus, tensile strength, gravity, expansion coefficient and density.

[0011] The data filtering module preprocesses the collected physical and mechanical parameters to remove abnormal values.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific process of removing outliers is as follows:

[0013] The interquartile range is calculated by the quartile method, and the threshold range is set to remove outliers that exceed the range. Outliers will be replaced by the mean of the quartiles.

[0014] The central analysis and processing module conducts load analysis, separation analysis and fracture potential analysis on each rock layer at each monitoring point through stiffness and strength judgment. Based on the analysis results, it identifies dangerous strata including separation layers and key layers, and conducts quantitative assessment of overburden deformation and damage.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stiffness determination is specifically as follows:

[0016] Calculate the load of each rock layer and determine the rock layer stiffness through a preset formula. Combined with the rock layer stiffness, determine whether the overlying rock layer generates load on the underlying rock layer. If there is no load, it is determined to be a delamination.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the strength judgment is specifically as follows:

[0018] The fracture moment of the rock formation is calculated by a preset formula to determine whether the rock formation has the potential to break. For rock formations with the potential to break, the system determines them as key layers, and calculates the controlled relationship symbol based on the fracture moment to clarify the dependency between the layers.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the controlled relation symbol calculation process is as follows:

[0020] For the rock layer determined as the key layer, the load borne by the overlying rock layer of the rock layer is added to the rock layer, and the breaking distance of the rock layer is recalculated. If the recalculated breaking distance of the rock layer is less than the breaking distance of the overlying rock layer, it is determined that the breaking of the rock layer is controlled by the overlying rock layer. At this time, the value of the controlled relationship symbol of the rock layer and the overlying rock layer is set to 1; otherwise, the value of the controlled relationship symbol is set to 0.

[0021] Based on the results of the judgment by the disaster identification module according to stiffness and strength, the separation layer and key strata are further subjected to disaster assessment. The comprehensive expansion coefficient of the separation layer is calculated by weighted average, and the maximum deflection is calculated using the fixed-end beam model to evaluate the separation amount of the rock stratum and the water disaster risk. The specific process is as follows:

[0022] For each pair of separation layer rock strata and key strata, calculate their maximum deflection and comprehensive expansion coefficient, calculate the corresponding maximum separation amount for each pair of separation layer rock strata and key strata based on the maximum deflection and comprehensive expansion coefficient, and compare it with the threshold of the maximum separation amount to judge the water disaster risk.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the calculation of the maximum deflection is realized based on the fixed-end beam model;

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the calculation of the comprehensive expansion coefficient is realized by weighted average calculation of the expansion coefficient of the overlying rock strata.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is determined that the monitoring point number and rock stratum number corresponding to the maximum separation amount greater than the threshold have a water disaster risk, and the water disaster alarm points composed of the corresponding monitoring point number and rock stratum number are output.

[0026] The database stores all the data recorded by the data acquisition module; records the water disaster alarm points output by the disaster identification module, and supports data input, query, calculation result display, and early warning information display.

[0027] The alarm display module evaluates the risk of water disaster occurrence according to the identified separation layer type, position, and maximum separation amount. Combining the hydrogeological conditions of the mining area and the accumulation situation of the separation layer water, it judges whether there are potential water disaster hazards.

[0028] When the water disaster alarm points are output, the corresponding rock stratum numbers and the controlled relationship symbols corresponding to all the upper rock strata are retrieved, and the disaster linkage coefficient is calculated through summation operation;

[0029] If there are overlapping water disaster alarm points within a continuous time interval, a first-level alarm signal is output;

[0030] If the disaster linkage coefficient corresponding to the first-level alarm signal exceeds the preset threshold, a second-level alarm signal is output.

[0031] Set the following alarm rules:

[0032] When the first-level alarm signal is output, a warning message is sent to the manager, and the position coordinates corresponding to the water disaster alarm points are highlighted through the display screen;

[0033] When the secondary alarm signal is output, a warning message is sent to the manager, and the location coordinates corresponding to the flood alarm point are highlighted on the display screen; in addition, the potential flood at the flood alarm point is determined to be of a linkage nature, reminding the manager to take emergency response measures immediately.

[0034] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for identifying hidden dangers of water damage in overburden separation layer, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0035] Step 1: Data collection;

[0036] Collect data from several monitoring points arranged in the mining area, including the location coordinates of each monitoring point, as well as field survey logs, drilling data, monitoring equipment records and historical mining data of each monitoring point. In addition, the module also obtains the physical and mechanical parameters of each rock layer, such as rock layer thickness, elastic modulus, tensile strength, gravity, expansion coefficient and density.

[0037] Step 2: Data preprocessing;

[0038] The collected physical and mechanical parameters are preprocessed to remove abnormal values.

[0039] The specific process of removing outliers is as follows:

[0040] The interquartile range is calculated by the quartile method, and the threshold range is set to remove outliers that exceed the range. Outliers will be replaced by the mean of the quartiles.

[0041] Step 3: Risk layer positioning and disaster risk identification;

[0042] Through stiffness and strength judgment, load analysis, separation analysis and fracture potential analysis are carried out on each rock layer at each monitoring point. Based on the analysis results, dangerous strata including separation layers and key layers are identified, and deformation and damage of overburden rocks are quantitatively evaluated.

[0043] The stiffness judgment is specifically as follows:

[0044] Calculate the load of each rock layer and determine the rock layer stiffness through a preset formula. Combined with the rock layer stiffness, determine whether the overlying rock layer generates load on the underlying rock layer. If there is no load, it is determined to be a delamination.

[0045] The strength judgment is specifically as follows:

[0046] The fracture moment of the rock formation is calculated by a preset formula to determine whether the rock formation has the potential to break. For rock formations with the potential to break, the system determines them as key layers, and calculates the controlled relationship symbol based on the fracture moment to clarify the dependency between the layers.

[0047] The controlled relation symbol calculation process is:

[0048] For the rock stratum determined to be the key stratum, the load borne by the overlying stratum of the rock stratum is added to the said rock stratum, and the breaking distance of the said rock stratum is recalculated. If the recalculated breaking distance of the said rock stratum is less than the breaking distance of its overlying stratum, it is determined that the breaking of the said rock stratum is controlled by the overlying stratum at this time. At this time, the value of the controlled relationship symbol between the said rock stratum and the overlying stratum is set to 1; otherwise, the value of the controlled relationship symbol is set to 0.

[0049] Step Four: Calculation of the maximum separation amount;

[0050] According to the results of the stiffness and strength judgments, further disaster assessments are carried out on the separation and key strata. The comprehensive expansion coefficient of the separation is calculated by weighted average, and the fixed-end beam model is used to calculate the maximum deflection to evaluate the separation amount and water disaster risk of the rock stratum. The specific process is as follows:

[0051] For each pair of separated rock strata and key strata, calculate their maximum deflection and comprehensive expansion coefficient, calculate the corresponding maximum separation amount for each pair of separated rock strata and key strata based on the maximum deflection and comprehensive expansion coefficient, and compare it with the threshold of the maximum separation amount to judge the water disaster risk.

[0052] The calculation of the said maximum deflection is realized based on the fixed-end beam model;

[0053] The calculation of the said comprehensive expansion coefficient is realized by weighted average calculation of the expansion coefficient of the overlying stratum.

[0054] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is determined that the monitoring point number and rock stratum number corresponding to the maximum separation amount greater than the threshold or have a water disaster risk, and the water disaster alarm points composed of the corresponding monitoring point number and rock stratum number are output.

[0055] Step Five: Data response and alarm;

[0056] According to the identified separation type, location and maximum separation amount, evaluate the risk of water disaster occurrence. Combining the hydrogeological conditions of the mining area and the accumulation of separated water, judge whether there are potential water disaster hazards.

[0057] When the water disaster alarm point is output, the corresponding rock stratum number and the controlled relationship symbols corresponding to all the overlying rock strata are retrieved, and the disaster linkage coefficient is calculated through summation operation;

[0058] If there are overlapping water disaster alarm points within a continuous time interval, a first-level alarm signal is output;

[0059] If the disaster linkage coefficient corresponding to the first-level alarm signal exceeds the preset threshold, a second-level alarm signal is output.

[0060] Set the following alarm rules:

[0061] When the first-level alarm signal is output, a warning message is sent to the manager, and the position coordinates corresponding to the water disaster alarm point are highlighted on the display screen;

[0062] When the second-level alarm signal is output, a warning message is sent to the manager, and the position coordinates corresponding to the water disaster alarm point are highlighted on the display screen; moreover, it is determined that the potential water disaster at the water disaster alarm point has a linkage nature, and the manager is reminded to immediately take emergency response measures.

[0063] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0064] 1. By combining data collection, dynamic update, and analysis methods, the present invention can accurately identify the separated strata and key strata that may cause potential water disaster hazards in the mining area. Through comprehensive collection and analysis of physical and mechanical parameters, the controlled relationship, key strata, and separated strata are identified, so as to timely warn and handle potential water disaster risks;

[0065] 2. The present invention can evaluate the potential water disaster risks in the mining area through various technical means such as load analysis, separated strata analysis, stiffness and strength judgment, etc. When a certain area reaches the danger threshold, the system will trigger the first-level and second-level alarms, timely send warning messages to the manager, and highlight the risky area on the display screen, providing accurate decision-making support for the manager;

[0066] 3. The present invention can dynamically update the collected strata data and analysis results in real time. At regular time intervals, the system will re-collect and process the data to ensure the timeliness and accuracy of the monitoring information. Combining with the hydrogeological conditions of the mining area, the system can flexibly issue disaster warnings according to the changing situation, ensuring more refined safety management of the mining area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0067] For the convenience of those skilled in the art to understand, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0068] Figure 1 is the system block diagram of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 2 is the method flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0070] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0071] Please refer to Figure 1As shown in the figure, a hidden danger identification system for separated strata water disaster in overlying strata includes a data acquisition module, a data filtering module, a central analysis and processing module, a disaster identification module, a database, and an alarm display module.

[0072] The data acquisition module obtains the position coordinates (xi, yi, zi) of a number of monitoring points arranged in the mining area.

[0073] Furthermore, collect the on-site survey logs, borehole data records, monitoring equipment data records, and historical mining data at each monitoring point i, and obtain the physical and mechanical parameters of each rock stratum j, including the rock stratum thickness Hj, elastic modulus Ej, tensile strength σj, specific weight γj, expansion coefficient kj, and density ρj. Where i is the monitoring point number symbol; and i = 1, 2,..., n; where j is the rock stratum number symbol, and j = 1, 2,..., m.

[0074] At every preset time interval, re-access the on-site survey logs, borehole data records, monitoring equipment data records, and historical mining data to dynamically update the physical and mechanical parameters.

[0075] The data filtering module preprocesses the collected physical and mechanical parameters to remove the outliers.

[0076] The specific process of removing outliers is as follows:

[0077] Arrange the physical and mechanical parameters including the rock stratum thickness Hj, elastic modulus Ej, tensile strength σj, specific weight γj, expansion coefficient kj, and density ρj in ascending order respectively, and extract the first quartile Q1(X) and the third quartile Q3(X) among them. Where X is the specific category of the physical and mechanical parameters, including the rock stratum thickness, elastic modulus, tensile strength, elastic modulus, tensile strength, specific weight, expansion coefficient, and density obtained at each monitoring point.

[0078] Set the outlier criterion:

[0079]

[0080] Specifically, make the value of the outlier mark Mar(X) corresponding to the physical and mechanical parameter X that meets the outlier criterion: less than or equal to the first quartile Q1(X) plus k times the interquartile range IQR and greater than or equal to the first quartile Q1(X) minus k times the interquartile range IQR be 1; otherwise, make the value of the outlier mark Mar(X) corresponding to the physical and mechanical parameter X that does not meet the outlier criterion be 0. Where k is a preset outlier detection parameter. Where the interquartile range IQR is the difference between the first quartile Q1(X) and the third quartile Q3(X).

[0081] The first quartile is the value at the 25% position after arranging the physical and mechanical parameters including rock layer thickness, elastic modulus, tensile strength, specific weight, expansion coefficient, and density in ascending order; 25% of the data in the dataset arranged in ascending order is below this value.

[0082] The third quartile is the value at the 75% position after arranging the physical and mechanical parameters including rock layer thickness, elastic modulus, tensile strength, specific weight, expansion coefficient, and density in ascending order; 75% of the data in the dataset arranged in ascending order is below this value.

[0083] Determine that the physical and mechanical parameter X with the value of the outlier marker Mar(X) being 1 is an outlier and remove it, and set its specific value equal to the average of the first quartile Q1(X) and the third quartile Q3(X).

[0084] At preset time intervals, retrieve the physical and mechanical parameters sent by the data acquisition module again and dynamically update the preprocessing results of the physical and mechanical parameters.

[0085] The central analysis and processing module conducts load analysis, separation analysis, and fracture potential analysis on each rock layer at each monitoring point through stiffness judgment and strength judgment. Based on the analysis results, identify dangerous strata including separated strata and key strata, and quantitatively evaluate the deformation and failure of overlying strata.

[0086] The specific stiffness judgment is as follows:

[0087] Through the formula The load q of the j1th rock layer on the bottommost 1st rock layer of this group j1,1 ; where j1 ∈ j.

[0088] Set the separation criterion: When it is detected that q j1,1 > q j1+1,1 At this time, it is determined that the overlying rock layer j1 + 1 does not generate load on the lower rock layer j1, and separation occurs between the rock layer j1 + 1 and the rock layer j1. At this time, output the number symbols j1 + 1 and j1 of the overlying rock layer j1 + 1 and the lower rock layer j1.

[0089] The specific strength judgment is as follows:

[0090] By comparing the fracture distances of the rock layers, judge whether the rock layers have fracture potential, and calculate the fracture moment l of each rock layer j2 through the formula . Where q i2 . Among them, q j is the load received by the rock layer j2 from all overlying rock layers j = j2 + 1, j2 + 2,..., m. Where j2 ∈ j.

[0091] Set the key layer criterion: When it is detected that l j2 <l j2+1 , it is determined that the rock stratum j2 is the key layer;

[0092] Furthermore, for the rock stratum j2 determined to be the key layer, the load borne by the rock stratum j2 + 1 is added to the hard rock stratum of the j2th layer, and the breaking distance l i2 of the hard rock stratum of the j2th layer is recalculated. If the recalculated breaking distance of the rock stratum of the j2th layer is less than the breaking distance l i2+1 of the hard rock stratum of the j2 + 1th layer, it is determined that the breaking of the hard rock stratum of the j2th layer is controlled by the rock stratum of the j2 + 1th layer at this time, that is, before the rock stratum of the j2 + 1th layer breaks, the rock stratum of the 2jth layer does not break. Once the rock stratum of the 2j + 1th layer breaks, its load acts on the rock stratum of the j2th layer, causing the rock stratum of the j2th layer to break accordingly. At this time, the value of the control relationship symbol C(j2, j2 + 1) is set to 1; otherwise, the value of the control relationship symbol C(j2, j2 + 1) is set to 0.

[0093] Traverse all the monitoring point identifiers i and rock stratum identifiers j for the above stiffness judgment and strength judgment, and output the rock stratum identifiers corresponding to all the determined separations, the rock stratum identifiers corresponding to the key layers, and the control relationship between the key layer and the overlying rock stratum, that is, the control relationship symbol C(j2, j2 + 1).

[0094] At every preset time interval, retrieve the pre - processed physical and mechanical parameters sent by the data filtering module again, and dynamically update the rock stratum identifiers corresponding to the separated layers, the rock stratum identifiers corresponding to the key layers, and the control relationship symbols.

[0095] The disaster identification module conducts further disaster assessment on the identified separations and key layers.

[0096] Analyze the spatial position and maximum separation amount of the developed separation using the combined beam principle.

[0097] Specifically, extract the rock stratum identifiers j1 and j1 + 1 of the determined separated layers; extract the rock stratum identifier j2 of the determined key layer.

[0098] Through the formula perform weighted average calculation to calculate the comprehensive expansion coefficients and

[0099] corresponding to the rock stratum identifiers j1 and j1 + 1 of the determined separated layers respectively. Calculate the comprehensive expansion coefficient

[0100] of the separation between the rock strata j1 and j1 + 1 through the formula Calculate the comprehensive expansion coefficient of the separation corresponding to the rock stratum identifier j2 of the determined key layer through the formula

[0101] The maximum deflection calculation formula is established through the fixed-end beam model: where b j is the width of the j-th rock stratum, where E j I j is the flexural rigidity. Where is the length of the simply supported beam corresponding to the rock stratum j in the fixed-end beam model.

[0102] Substitute the rock stratum numbers j1 and j1 + 1 determined to generate separation into the above maximum deflection calculation formula to obtain the maximum deflection z j1，1 of the rock stratum j1 and the maximum deflection z j1，2 of the rock stratum j1 + 1. Through the formula z j1 = max(z j1,1 , z j1,2 ), calculate the maximum deflection z j1 of the separation between the rock strata j1 and j1 + 1.

[0103] Substitute the rock stratum number j2 determined to be the key stratum into the above maximum deflection calculation formula to obtain the maximum deflection z j2 of the rock stratum j2.

[0104] Furthermore, through the formula calculate the maximum separation amount Δh j1 corresponding to the rock stratum numbers j1 and j1 + 1 determined to generate separation and the maximum separation amount Δh j2 corresponding to the rock stratum number j2 determined to be the key stratum, where M is the mining height of the coal seam.

[0105] Furthermore, if there is a maximum separation amount Δh j1 or Δh j2 greater than the preset threshold Δhmax, it is determined that a water disaster risk is generated at the corresponding position. At this time, obtain the monitoring point number i and the rock stratum number j1 or j2 corresponding to Δh j1 or Δh j2 , and generate a water disaster alarm point (i, j1) or (i, j2).

[0106] At every preset time interval, re-obtain the preprocessing results of the physical and mechanical parameters to dynamically update the water disaster alarm points.

[0107] At every preset time interval, re-obtain the preprocessing results of the physical and mechanical parameters, as well as the rock stratum number symbols corresponding to all determined separations, the rock stratum number symbols corresponding to the key strata, and the controlled relationship between the key strata and the overlying strata, that is, the controlled relationship symbol C(j2, j2 + 1), to dynamically update the water disaster alarm points.

[0108] The database stores all the data recorded by the data acquisition module, records the water hazard alarm points output by the hazard identification module, and supports data input, query, calculation result display, and early warning information display.

[0109] The alarm display module evaluates the risk of water hazard occurrence based on the separated strata type, location, and maximum separated strata amount identified by the system. Combining the hydrogeological conditions of the mining area and the accumulation of separated strata water, it determines whether there are potential water hazard risks.

[0110] When the water hazard alarm points (i, j1) or (i, j2) are output, retrieve the corresponding controlled relationship symbols C(j, j + 1) for all the rock strata above j1 or j2; where j = j1, j1 + 1,..., m or j = j2, j2 + 1,..., m. Calculate the disaster linkage coefficient Among them, α(i, j1) is the disaster linkage coefficient of the separated strata; among them, α(i, j2) is the disaster linkage coefficient of the key strata.

[0111] Set the following alarm rules:

[0112] When there are overlapping disaster alarm points (i, j1) or (i, j2) within consecutive T time intervals, output the first-level alarm signal corresponding to the said disaster alarm points;

[0113] If the disaster linkage coefficient α(i, j1) or α(i, j2) corresponding to the water hazard alarm points (i, j1) or (i, j2) for which the first-level alarm signal is output is greater than the preset threshold, output the second-level alarm signal corresponding to the said disaster alarm points;

[0114] When the first-level alarm signal is output, send a warning message to the manager, and highlight the position coordinates corresponding to the water hazard alarm points (i, j1) or (i, j2) through the display screen;

[0115] When the second-level alarm signal is output, send a warning message to the manager, and highlight the position coordinates corresponding to the water hazard alarm points (i, j1) or (i, j2) through the display screen; and determine that the potential water hazard of the water hazard alarm points has a linkage nature, reminding the manager to immediately take emergency response measures.

[0116] Please refer to Figure 2 As shown, a method for identifying potential water hazards of overlying strata separated strata includes the following steps:

[0117] Step 1: Data acquisition;

[0118] Obtain the position coordinates (xi, yi, zi) of several monitoring points arranged in the mining area;

[0119] Collect on-site survey logs, borehole data records, monitoring equipment data records, and historical mining data at each monitoring point i to obtain the physical and mechanical parameters of each rock stratum j, including the rock stratum thickness Hj, elastic modulus Ej, tensile strength σj, specific weight γj, expansion coefficient kj, and density ρj. Here, i is the monitoring point number symbol; and i = 1, 2,..., n; where j is the rock stratum number symbol, and j = 1, 2,..., m.

[0120] At preset time intervals, retrieve the on-site survey logs, borehole data records, monitoring equipment data records, and historical mining data again to dynamically update the physical and mechanical parameters.

[0121] Step 2: Data preprocessing;

[0122] Preprocess the collected physical and mechanical parameters to remove the outliers.

[0123] The specific process of removing outliers is as follows:

[0124] Arrange the physical and mechanical parameters including the rock stratum thickness Hj, elastic modulus Ej, tensile strength σj, specific weight γj, expansion coefficient kj, and density ρj in ascending order respectively, and extract the first quartile Q1(X) and the third quartile Q3(X) among them. Here, X is the specific category of the physical and mechanical parameters, including the rock stratum thickness, elastic modulus, tensile strength, elastic modulus, tensile strength, specific weight, expansion coefficient, and density obtained at each monitoring point.

[0125] Set the outlier criterion:

[0126]

[0127] Specifically, let the value of the outlier mark Mar(X) corresponding to the physical and mechanical parameter X that meets the outlier criterion: less than or equal to the first quartile Q1(X) plus k times the interquartile range IQR and greater than or equal to the first quartile Q1(X) minus k times the interquartile range IQR be 1; otherwise, let the value of the outlier mark Mar(X) corresponding to the physical and mechanical parameter X that does not meet the outlier criterion be 0. Here, k is the preset outlier detection parameter. Here, the interquartile range IQR is the difference between the first quartile Q1(X) and the third quartile Q3(X).

[0128] The first quartile is the value at the 25% position after arranging the physical and mechanical parameters including the rock stratum thickness, elastic modulus, tensile strength, specific weight, expansion coefficient, and density in ascending order; 25% of the data in the sorted data set is below this value.

[0129] The first quartile is the value at the 75% position after arranging the physical and mechanical parameters including rock layer thickness, elastic modulus, tensile strength, specific weight, expansion coefficient, and density in ascending order; 75% of the data in the dataset arranged in ascending order is below this value.

[0130] Determine that the physical and mechanical parameter X with the value of the outlier marker Mar(X) being 1 is an outlier and remove it, and set its specific value equal to the average of the first quartile Q1(X) and the third quartile Q3(X).

[0131] At preset time intervals, retrieve the physical and mechanical parameters again and dynamically update the preprocessing results of the physical and mechanical parameters.

[0132] Step 3: Risk layer positioning and disaster risk identification;

[0133] Conduct load analysis, separation analysis, and fracture potential analysis on each rock layer at each monitoring point through stiffness judgment and strength judgment. Based on the analysis results, identify the dangerous strata including separated layers and key layers, and quantitatively evaluate the deformation and failure of the overlying rock.

[0134] The specific stiffness judgment is as follows:

[0135] Through the formula The load q of the j1-th rock layer on the bottommost 1st rock layer of this group j1,1 ; where j1 ∈ j.

[0136] Set the separation criterion: When it is detected that q j1,1 > q j1+1,1 , it is determined that the overlying rock layer j1 + 1 does not generate load on the underlying rock layer j1, and a separation occurs between the rock layer j1 + 1 and the rock layer j1. At this time, output the number symbols j1 + 1 and j1 of the overlying rock layer j1 + 1 and the underlying rock layer j1.

[0137] The specific strength judgment is as follows:

[0138] By comparing the fracture distances of the rock layers, judge whether the rock layers have fracture potential, and calculate the fracture moment l of each rock layer j2 through the formula ; where q i2 . Among them, q j is the load received by the rock layer j2 from all the overlying rock layers j = j2 + 1, j2 + 2,..., m. Where j2 ∈ j.

[0139] Set the key layer criterion: When it is detected that l j2 < l j2+1 , determine that the rock layer j2 is a key layer;

[0140] Further, for the rock stratum j2 determined to be the key stratum, the load borne by the rock stratum j2 + 1 is added to the hard rock stratum of the j2th layer, and the breaking distance l of the hard rock stratum of the j2th layer is recalculated. i2 If the recalculated breaking distance of the j2th layer of rock stratum is less than the breaking distance l of the hard rock stratum of the j2 + 1th layer i2+1 It is determined that the breaking of the hard rock stratum of the j2th layer is controlled by the rock stratum of the j2 + 1th layer at this time, that is, before the rock stratum of the j2 + 1th layer breaks, the rock stratum of the 2jth layer does not break. Once the rock stratum of the 2j + 1th layer breaks, its load acts on the rock stratum of the j2th layer, causing the rock stratum of the j2th layer to break accordingly. At this time, the value of the controlled relationship symbol C(j2, j2 + 1) is set to 1; otherwise, the value of the controlled relationship symbol C(j2, j2 + 1) is set to 0.

[0141] Traverse all the monitoring point number symbols i and rock stratum number symbols j for the above stiffness judgment and strength judgment, and output the rock stratum number symbols corresponding to all the determined separated layers, the rock stratum number symbols corresponding to the key strata, and the controlled relationship between the key strata and the overlying rock strata, that is, the controlled relationship symbol C(j2, j2 + 1).

[0142] At preset time intervals, re - retrieve the pre - processed physical and mechanical parameters to dynamically update the rock stratum number symbols where separated layers occur, the rock stratum number symbols corresponding to the key strata, and the controlled relationship symbols.

[0143] Step Four: Calculation of the maximum separated layer amount;

[0144] Analyze the spatial position and the maximum separated layer amount of the separated layer development using the combined beam principle.

[0145] Specifically, extract the rock stratum numbers j1 and j1 + 1 determined to have separated layers; extract the rock stratum number j2 determined to be the key stratum.

[0146] Through the formula Perform weighted average calculation to calculate the comprehensive expansion coefficients of the separated layers corresponding to the rock stratum numbers j1 and j1 + 1 determined to have separated layers respectively and

[0147] Through the formula Calculate the comprehensive expansion coefficient of the separated layer between the rock strata j1 and j1 + 1

[0148] Through the formula Calculate the comprehensive expansion coefficient of the separated layer corresponding to the rock stratum number j2 determined to be the key stratum

[0149] Establish the maximum deflection calculation formula through the fixed - end beam model: where b j is the width of the jth rock stratum, where E j Ij is the flexural rigidity. Among them is the length of the simply supported beam corresponding to the rock stratum j in the fixed-end beam model.

[0150] Substitute the rock stratum numbers j1 and j1 + 1 determined to generate separation into the above-mentioned maximum deflection calculation formula to obtain the maximum deflection z of the rock stratum j1 j1，1 and the maximum deflection z of the rock stratum j1 + 1 j1，2 , through the formula z j1 = max(z j1,1 , z j1,2 ) to calculate the maximum deflection z of the separation between the rock strata j1 and j1 + 1 j1 .

[0151] Substitute the rock stratum number j2 determined to be the key stratum into the above-mentioned maximum deflection calculation formula to obtain the maximum deflection z of the rock stratum j2 j2 .

[0152] Furthermore, through the formula calculate the maximum separation amount Δh corresponding to the rock stratum numbers j1 and j1 + 1 determined to generate separation j1 and the maximum separation amount Δh corresponding to the rock stratum number j2 determined to be the key stratum j2 , where M is the coal seam mining height.

[0153] Furthermore, if there exists a maximum separation amount Δh j1 or Δh j2 greater than the preset threshold Δhmax, it is determined that a water hazard risk is generated at the corresponding position. At this time, obtain the monitoring point number i and the rock stratum number j1 or j2 corresponding to Δh j1 or Δh j2 , and generate a water hazard alarm point (i, j1) or (i, j2).

[0154] At every preset time interval, re - retrieve the pre - processing results of the physical and mechanical parameters, as well as the rock stratum number symbols corresponding to all determined separations, the rock stratum number symbols corresponding to the key strata, and the controlled relationship between the key strata and the overlying strata, that is, the controlled relationship symbol C(j2, j2 + 1), and dynamically update the water hazard alarm points.

[0155] Step Five: Data Response and Alarm;

[0156] Evaluate the risk of water hazard occurrence according to the separation type, location, and maximum separation amount identified by the system. Combine the hydro - geological conditions of the mining area and the accumulation situation of separated water to determine whether there are water hazard hidden dangers.

[0157] When the water disaster alarm points (i, j1) or (i, j2) are output, retrieve the controlled relationship symbols C(j, j + 1) corresponding to all the rock layers above j1 or j2; where j = j1, j1 + 1,..., m or j = j2, j2 + 1,..., m. Calculate the disaster linkage coefficient where α(i, j1) is the disaster linkage coefficient of the bedding separation; where α(i, j2) is the disaster linkage coefficient of the key stratum.

[0158] Set the following warning rules:

[0159] When there are overlapping disaster alarm points (i, j1) or (i, j2) within consecutive T time intervals, output the first-level warning signal corresponding to the disaster alarm point;

[0160] If the disaster linkage coefficient α(i, j1) or α(i, j2) corresponding to the water disaster alarm point (i, j1) or (i, j2) for which the first-level warning signal is output is greater than the preset threshold, output the second-level warning signal corresponding to the disaster alarm point;

[0161] When the first-level warning signal is output, send a warning message to the manager, and highlight the position coordinates corresponding to the water disaster alarm point (i, j1) or (i, j2) through the display screen;

[0162] When the second-level warning signal is output, send a warning message to the manager, and highlight the position coordinates corresponding to the water disaster alarm point (i, j1) or (i, j2) through the display screen; and determine that the potential water disaster at the water disaster alarm point has a linkage nature, reminding the manager to immediately take emergency response measures.

[0163] It should be understood that the terms "including" and "comprising" used in the specification and claims of this disclosure indicate the presence of the described features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or their combinations.

[0164] It should also be understood that the terms used in this disclosure specification are merely for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this disclosure. As used in this disclosure specification and claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms. It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in this disclosure specification and claims refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations;

[0165] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific embodiments only. Obviously, many modifications and variations can be made according to the content of this specification. These embodiments are selected and specifically described in this specification to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can well understand and utilize the present invention. The present invention is only limited by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A system for identifying hidden dangers of water damage in overburden rock separation layer, comprising a central analysis and processing module and a disaster identification module, characterized in that: The central analysis and processing module conducts load analysis, separation analysis and fracture potential analysis on each rock layer at each monitoring point through stiffness and strength judgment; based on the analysis results, it identifies dangerous strata including separation layers and key layers, and conducts quantitative assessment of deformation and damage of overburden rocks; The disaster identification module further conducts disaster assessment on the delamination layer and key layer based on the results of stiffness and strength judgment; calculates the comprehensive expansion coefficient of the delamination layer by weighted average, and uses the fixed-beam model to calculate the maximum deflection to assess the delamination amount and water damage risk of the rock formation.

2. The system for identifying water hazards in overburden strata according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes data acquisition module, data filtering module, database and alarm display module The data acquisition module collects data from several monitoring points arranged in the mining area, including the location coordinates of each monitoring point and the field survey logs, drilling data, monitoring equipment records and historical mining data of each monitoring point; The data acquisition module also acquires the physical and mechanical parameters of each rock layer; the physical and mechanical parameters include: rock layer thickness, elastic modulus, tensile strength, gravity, expansion coefficient and density; The data filtering module pre-processes the collected physical and mechanical parameters to remove abnormal values; The database stores all data recorded by the data acquisition module, records the water disaster alarm points output by the disaster identification module, and supports data input, query, calculation result display and warning information display; The alarm display module evaluates the risk of water damage based on the identified separation type, location and maximum separation amount, determines whether there is a hidden danger of water damage, and outputs the corresponding alarm signal; it executes the alarm signal response according to the generated alarm signal category.

3. The system for identifying water hazards in overburden strata according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The stiffness judgment is specifically as follows: Calculate the load of each rock layer and determine the rock layer stiffness through a preset formula; combine the rock layer stiffness to determine whether the overlying rock layer generates load on the underlying rock layer; if there is no load, it is determined to be a delamination.

4. The system for identifying water hazards in overburden strata according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The strength judgment is specifically as follows: The rupture moment of the rock formation is calculated through a preset formula to determine whether the rock formation has the potential to break. For rock formations with the potential to break, the system determines them as key layers, and calculates controlled relationship symbols based on the rupture moment to clarify the dependency between the layers.

5. The system for identifying water hazards in overburden strata according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The calculation process of the controlled relation symbol is: For the rock layer determined as the key layer, the load borne by the overlying rock layer of the rock layer is added to the rock layer, and the breaking distance of the rock layer is recalculated; if the recalculated breaking distance of the rock layer is smaller than the breaking distance of the overlying rock layer, it is determined that the breaking of the rock layer is controlled by the overlying rock layer at this time; at this time, the value of the controlled relationship symbol between the rock layer and the overlying rock layer is set to 1; Otherwise, let the value of the controlled relation be 0.

6. The system for identifying water hazards in overburden strata according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific process for assessing the amount of rock delamination and water damage risk is as follows: For each pair of delamination rock layers and key layers, calculate their maximum deflection and comprehensive expansion coefficient. Based on the maximum deflection and comprehensive expansion coefficient, calculate the maximum delamination amount corresponding to each pair of delamination rock layers and key layers, and compare it with the threshold of the maximum delamination amount to determine the water damage risk. It is determined that the monitoring point number and rock layer number corresponding to the maximum separation amount greater than the threshold value have a water hazard risk, and a water hazard alarm point composed of the corresponding monitoring point number and rock layer number is output.

7. A system for identifying hidden dangers of water damage in overburden strata according to claim 6, characterized in that: The maximum deflection calculation is based on the fixed beam model. The calculation of the comprehensive expansion coefficient is achieved by weighted average calculation of the expansion coefficient of the overlying rock layer.

8. The system for identifying water hazards in overburden strata according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The specific process of removing outliers is as follows: The interquartile range is calculated using the quartile method, and the threshold range is set to remove outliers that exceed the range; outliers will be replaced by the mean of the quartiles.

9. The system for identifying water hazards in overburden strata according to claim 2, characterized in that: The alarm signal and the alarm signal response are specifically: If there are overlapping water hazard alarm points within a continuous time interval, a first-level alarm signal is output; If the disaster linkage coefficient corresponding to the first-level alarm signal exceeds the preset threshold, a second-level alarm signal is output; Set the following alert rules: When the first-level alarm signal is output, the warning information is sent to the manager, and the location coordinates corresponding to the water hazard alarm point are highlighted on the display screen; When the secondary alarm signal is output, a warning message is sent to the manager, and the location coordinates corresponding to the flood alarm point are highlighted on the display screen; in addition, the potential flood at the flood alarm point is determined to be of a linkage nature, reminding the manager to take emergency response measures immediately.

10. A method for identifying hidden dangers of water damage in overburden rock separation layer, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Data collection; Collect data from several monitoring points arranged in the mining area, including the location coordinates of each monitoring point, as well as field survey logs, drilling data, monitoring equipment records and historical mining data of each monitoring point; in addition, the module also obtains the physical and mechanical parameters of each rock layer, such as rock layer thickness, elastic modulus, tensile strength, gravity, expansion coefficient and density; Step 2: Data preprocessing; Preprocess the collected physical and mechanical parameters to remove abnormal values; The specific process of removing outliers is as follows: The interquartile range is calculated by the quartile method, and the threshold range is set to remove outliers that exceed the range; outliers will be replaced by the mean of the quartiles; Step 3: Risk layer positioning and disaster risk identification; Through stiffness and strength judgment, load analysis, delamination analysis and fracture potential analysis are carried out on each rock layer at each monitoring point; based on the analysis results, dangerous strata including delamination layers and key layers are identified, and deformation and damage of overburden rocks are quantitatively evaluated; The stiffness judgment is specifically as follows: Calculate the load of each rock layer and determine the rock layer stiffness through a preset formula; determine whether the overlying rock layer generates load on the underlying rock layer based on the rock layer stiffness; if there is no load, it is determined to be a delamination layer; The strength judgment is specifically as follows: The fracture moment of the rock formation is calculated by a preset formula to determine whether the rock formation has the potential to break. For rock formations with the potential to break, the system determines them as key layers, and calculates the controlled relationship symbol based on the fracture moment to clarify the dependency between the layers. The controlled relation symbol calculation process is: For the rock layer determined as the key layer, the load borne by the overlying rock layer of the rock layer is added to the rock layer, and the breaking distance of the rock layer is recalculated; if the recalculated breaking distance of the rock layer is less than the breaking distance of the overlying rock layer, it is determined that the breaking of the rock layer is controlled by the overlying rock layer at this time; at this time, the value of the controlled relationship symbol between the rock layer and the overlying rock layer is set to 1; Otherwise, let the value of the controlled relation symbol be 0; Step 4: Calculate the maximum separation amount; According to the results of stiffness and strength judgment, the disaster assessment of the delamination layer and key layer is further carried out; the comprehensive expansion coefficient of the delamination layer is calculated by weighted average, and the maximum deflection is calculated using the fixed beam model to evaluate the delamination amount and water damage risk of the rock layer. The specific process is as follows: For each pair of delamination rock layers and key layers, calculate their maximum deflection and comprehensive expansion coefficient. Based on the maximum deflection and comprehensive expansion coefficient, calculate the maximum delamination amount corresponding to each pair of delamination rock layers and key layers, and compare it with the threshold of the maximum delamination amount to determine the water damage risk. The maximum deflection calculation is based on the fixed beam model. The calculation of the comprehensive expansion coefficient is achieved by weighted average calculation of the expansion coefficient of the overlying rock formation; Determine that the monitoring point number and rock layer number corresponding to the maximum separation amount greater than the threshold value have a water hazard risk, and output a water hazard alarm point composed of the corresponding monitoring point number and rock layer number; Step 5: Data response and alarm; Assess the risk of water damage based on the identified separation type, location and maximum separation amount; determine whether there is a water hazard risk based on the hydrogeological conditions of the mining area and the accumulation of separation water; When the water disaster alarm point is output, the corresponding rock layer number and the controlled relationship symbols corresponding to all the upper rock layers are retrieved to calculate the disaster linkage coefficient through summation operation; If there are overlapping water hazard alarm points within a continuous time interval, a first-level alarm signal is output; If the disaster linkage coefficient corresponding to the first-level alarm signal exceeds the preset threshold, a second-level alarm signal is output; Set the following alert rules: When the first-level alarm signal is output, the warning information is sent to the manager, and the location coordinates corresponding to the water hazard alarm point are highlighted on the display screen; When the secondary alarm signal is output, a warning message is sent to the manager, and the location coordinates corresponding to the flood alarm point are highlighted on the display screen; in addition, the potential flood at the flood alarm point is determined to be of a linkage nature, reminding the manager to take emergency response measures immediately.

Images