Mountainous area railway geological disaster assessment method and system based on three-dimensional large scene

Abstract

The invention provides a mountainous area railway geological disaster assessment method and system based on a three-dimensional large-scale scene, and relates to the technical field of engineering geological reconnaissance, and the method comprises the steps: building a three-dimensional large-scale scene model based on the photogrammetry data of a to-be-assessed mountainous area railway and the data of existing railway equipment; based on the three-dimensional large-scale scene model, determining the geological disaster type of the area where the ground disaster has occurred or the ground disaster hidden danger exists and the damage degree to the railway, thereby carrying out corresponding supplementary geological investigation on each area; and updating the three-dimensional large-scale scene model according to the supplemented geological information, and carrying out geological disaster assessment on the to-be-assessed mountain railway based on the updated three-dimensional large-scale scene model and a preset risk matrix index system. According to the invention, the three-dimensional large-scale scene model technology is integrated into the geological disaster investigation and evaluation work of the mountain railway, and the three-dimensional large-scale scene model is fully utilized to carry out advanced virtual investigation and multi-angle geological information acquisition, so that the pertinence, the accuracy and the working efficiency of the geological disaster investigation work of the mountain railway are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of engineering geological exploration. Specifically, it relates to a method and system for evaluating mountain railway geological disasters based on a three-dimensional large scene. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the frequent occurrence of extreme climate conditions, the frequency and scale of geological disasters have increased significantly, and the harm to existing railway projects has also become greater. Most of the areas passed by existing mountain railways have a large number of potential geological disaster points. Moreover, with the frequent occurrence of extreme climate and weather, geological disasters are prone to occur in multiple points concentrated and break out simultaneously, posing a major safety risk of equipment damage or even line interruption to the operation of existing railways. After a geological disaster occurs on an existing railway, it is generally required to rectify and restore the operation as soon as possible. Therefore, it is necessary to identify geological disaster points in a short time, analyze the impact of geological disasters on the railway, and divide and evaluate the safety risk levels in order to provide an accurate basis for subsequent targeted rectification.

[0003] At present, generally through the macro screening of satellite remote sensing interpretation, the positioning and range estimation of potential geological disaster points are carried out. On-site, technical personnel conduct a detailed investigation and verification of the potential disaster points. For key areas, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) flights are used for exploration, and analysis and evaluation are carried out through the modeling of key areas to achieve the purpose of exploration and evaluation. However, the above solutions cannot timely obtain the detailed information of various disaster points of the mountain railway to be evaluated, and the pertinence of the investigation of each disaster point is insufficient, and the investigation results are not detailed enough. At the same time, there are problems such as large workload, long time consumption, and easy omission of information in the on-site manual investigation, and the work efficiency is low.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method that can effectively and comprehensively evaluate mountain railway geological disasters, so as to improve the efficiency of railway geological disaster investigation and evaluation work. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for evaluating mountain railway geological disasters based on a three-dimensional large scene to improve the above problems. To achieve the above purpose, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for evaluating mountain railway geological disasters based on a three-dimensional large scene, including:

[0007] Obtaining first information, where the first information includes photogrammetry data of the mountain railway to be evaluated and existing railway equipment data;

[0008] Constructing a three-dimensional large scene model based on the first information to obtain the three-dimensional large scene model;

[0009] Determine the second information based on the geological disaster form corresponding to each geological disaster damaged area in the three-dimensional large-scale scene model, and obtain the second information, where the second information is the geological disaster type of each geological disaster damaged area and the degree of harm of each geological disaster damaged area to the mountain railway to be evaluated. The geological disaster damaged area is an area where a geological disaster has occurred or there are potential geological disaster hazards;

[0010] Conduct supplementary geological exploration on each geological disaster damaged area based on the second information to obtain the supplementary geological information of each geological disaster damaged area;

[0011] Update the three-dimensional large-scale scene model based on the supplementary geological information to obtain the updated three-dimensional large-scale scene model, and conduct a geological disaster assessment of the mountain railway to be evaluated according to the updated three-dimensional large-scale scene model and the preset risk matrix index system to obtain the geological disaster assessment result.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a mountain railway geological disaster assessment system based on a three-dimensional large-scale scene, including:

[0013] An acquisition module for acquiring the first information, where the first information includes the photogrammetry data and existing railway equipment data of the mountain railway to be evaluated;

[0014] A first processing module for constructing a three-dimensional large-scale scene model based on the first information to obtain the three-dimensional large-scale scene model;

[0015] A second processing module for determining the second information based on the geological disaster form corresponding to each geological disaster damaged area in the three-dimensional large-scale scene model, and obtaining the second information, where the second information is the geological disaster type of each geological disaster damaged area and the degree of harm of each geological disaster damaged area to the mountain railway to be evaluated. The geological disaster damaged area is an area where a geological disaster has occurred or there are potential geological disaster hazards;

[0016] A third processing module for conducting supplementary geological exploration on each geological disaster damaged area based on the second information to obtain the supplementary geological information of each geological disaster damaged area;

[0017] A fourth processing module for updating the three-dimensional large-scale scene model based on the supplementary geological information to obtain the updated three-dimensional large-scale scene model, and conducting a geological disaster assessment of the mountain railway to be evaluated according to the updated three-dimensional large-scale scene model and the preset risk matrix index system to obtain the geological disaster assessment result.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] By integrating the three-dimensional large-scale scene model technology into the geological disaster investigation and assessment work of mountain railways, the present invention makes full use of the three-dimensional large-scale scene model for prior virtual investigation and multi-angle geological information acquisition, greatly improving the pertinence, accuracy and work efficiency of the mountain railway geological disaster investigation work.

[0020] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the subsequent specification, and part of them will become obvious from the specification or be understood by implementing the embodiments of the present invention. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the method for assessing geological disasters of mountain railways based on a three-dimensional large-scale scene described in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the system for assessing geological disasters of mountain railways based on a three-dimensional large-scale scene described in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the risk matrix index system based on a three-dimensional large-scale scene described in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] Reference numerals in the figure: 901, acquisition module; 902, first processing module; 903, second processing module; 904, third processing module; 905, fourth processing module; 9021, first processing unit; 9022, second processing unit; 9023, third processing unit; 9024, fourth processing unit; 9031, fifth processing unit; 9032, sixth processing unit; 9033, seventh processing unit; 9041, eighth processing unit; 9042, ninth processing unit; 9043, tenth processing unit; 9051, eleventh processing unit; 9052, twelfth processing unit; 9053, thirteenth processing unit; 90521, first processing sub-module; 90522, second processing sub-module; 90523, third processing sub-module; 90524, fourth processing sub-module. Detailed Embodiments

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention usually described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings. At the same time, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive distinction and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] Embodiment 1:

[0029] This embodiment provides a method for assessing geological disasters of mountain railways based on a three-dimensional large scene.

[0030] See Figure 1 , which shows that this method includes steps S1, S2, S3, S4, and S5.

[0031] S1. Obtain first information, where the first information includes photogrammetry data and existing railway equipment data of the mountain railway to be evaluated;

[0032] Specifically, in this embodiment, according to the trend of the existing railway in the mountain area to be evaluated and the terrain on both sides of the line, the starting and ending points of the mountain entry and exit sections along the railway operation direction are set as the starting and ending points of the three-dimensional large scene modeling area, and the ridge lines at the tops of the mountain slopes on both sides of the railway are set as the lateral boundaries of the three-dimensional large scene modeling area, so as to determine the area of the three-dimensional large scene modeling.

[0033] Based on the area of the three-dimensional large scene modeling, high-precision drones are used to conduct orthophoto and oblique photography along the railway direction, and multi-angle and encrypted data and image collection are carried out on key geological disaster hidden danger points to obtain aerial photogrammetry data of the three-dimensional large scene modeling area. Prepare data for subsequent establishment of the three-dimensional large scene model.

[0034] S2. Construct a three-dimensional large-scale scene model based on the first information to obtain the three-dimensional large-scale scene model. In this embodiment, aiming at the characteristics of strong concealment and multi-point outbreak of mountain railway geological disasters, a three-dimensional large-scale scene along the existing railway line is self-built through UAV flight to reconstruct the on-site images, so as to obtain the characteristics of geological disaster hidden danger points that are complete, three-dimensional, and accurate in a large range. The established three-dimensional large-scale scene model can display a more intuitive, real, three-dimensional, vivid, and measurable three-dimensional space model for railway geological disaster investigators. At the same time, detailed information of various disaster points can be directly obtained from this three-dimensional space model, which helps to improve the pertinence of on-site investigations and subsequent railway geological disaster work, and greatly improves the efficiency of railway geological disaster investigation and evaluation work. Using this model can provide a more powerful basis for judging various geological disasters and treatment plans of mountain railways.

[0035] Specifically, step S2 includes:

[0036] S21. Preprocess the photogrammetry data to obtain the preprocessed photogrammetry data. The photogrammetry data is the data obtained by the UAV for orthophoto and oblique photography along the railway direction.

[0037] Specifically, for the orthophoto and oblique images taken by the UAV, stitching and fusion processing are carried out. Especially in the long-distance aerial survey along the railway line, when the phenomenon of image edge mismatch occurs, correction is carried out through the image stitching algorithm. At the same time, the image is denoised through the filtering algorithm to eliminate the adverse effects caused by light changes, weather impacts, or camera sensor noise during the shooting process. Through the above preprocessing steps of image fusion and denoising, the finally obtained images will be clearer and seamless, thus providing a reliable data basis for the subsequent modeling of the three-dimensional large-scale scene model.

[0038] S22. Extract feature information based on the preprocessed photogrammetry data to obtain the feature information. The feature information includes the three-dimensional geographical space data of the preset area of the mountain railway to be evaluated. After preprocessing the photogrammetry data, it is also necessary to extract the three-dimensional geographical space data such as the elevation and images of the key research area. The extracted feature information will be used for the subsequent establishment of the real-scene three-dimensional model.

[0039] S23. Perform model fitting based on the feature information, and construct a real - scene 3D model based on the results obtained from the model fitting to obtain the real - scene 3D model. After obtaining the image data and digital elevation information through the feature information extraction step, first register the acquired image data with the digital elevation information to ensure the consistency of their spatial positions. Then perform model fitting according to the registered image data and digital elevation information to generate a preliminary model, and then perform refined adjustment and data correction for the key research area to improve the accuracy of the model. Through the gradual improvement of the preliminary model, the real - scene 3D model is obtained.

[0040] S24. Implant the existing railway equipment data into the real - scene 3D model to obtain the 3D large - scale scene model. After obtaining the real - scene 3D model, implant the railway equipment information of the existing railway into the real - scene 3D model to obtain the 3D large - scale scene model. At this time, the 3D large - scale scene model contains 3D geographical space data such as terrain, ground features, and railway equipment images, which are all made from the basic data obtained by orthophoto and oblique photography of drones. At the same time, the model can also reflect the relevant information of various geological disasters, such as the topography, slope shape, slope gradient, development characteristics, development area, scale, development of structural planes, planar morphology, and the damage and impact degree on the railway caused by various geological disasters. Subsequently, the above - mentioned detailed data can be directly obtained through the 3D large - scale scene model, significantly improving the work efficiency of mountain railway geological disaster assessment.

[0041] S3. Determine the second information based on the geological disaster form corresponding to each geological disaster damage area in the 3D large - scale scene model to obtain the second information, where the second information is the geological disaster type of each geological disaster damage area and the degree of harm of each geological disaster damage area to the mountain railway to be evaluated; the geological disaster damage area is an area where a geological disaster has occurred or there is a potential geological disaster hazard.

[0042] Specifically, step S3 includes:

[0043] S31. Determine the geological disaster type of each geological disaster damage area based on the geological disaster form corresponding to each geological disaster damage area in the 3D large - scale scene model to obtain the geological disaster type of each geological disaster damage area;

[0044] S32. Determine the third information based on the 3D large - scale scene model and the geological disaster type of each geological disaster damage area to obtain the third information, where the third information includes the scale of the geological disaster body corresponding to each geological disaster damage area, the relationship between the geological disaster body and the railway, and the damage situation of the geological disaster body to the railway;

[0045] S33. Based on the third information, judge the hazard degree of each geological disaster damaged area to the mountain railway to be evaluated, and obtain the hazard degree of each geological disaster damaged area to the mountain railway to be evaluated.

[0046] After establishing the 3D large-scale scene model in this embodiment, the morphology of geological disasters can be directly obtained from the model, so as to determine the geological disaster types of the areas where geological disasters have occurred or there are potential geological disaster hazards according to the morphological features of geological disasters in each area. Further, through the 3D large-scale scene model, obtain information such as topographic and geomorphic features, slope morphology, vegetation conditions, source area location and height, damage path and area, and human transformation activities related to each geological disaster type, so as to refine and classify various geological disaster bodies. After the refinement and classification, measurements are carried out through functions such as plane measurement, distance measurement, and elevation measurement on the 3D large-scale scene platform to obtain the scale of the geological disaster body, and by identifying the mutual relationship between the geological disaster body and the railway and the damage to the railway, the hazard situation of the geological disaster to the existing railway is judged. For example, the mutual relationship between the geological disaster body and the railway includes whether the debris flow has washed away the line, whether the landslide has damaged, covered the railway subgrade, bridge, etc., and whether the railway has experienced track breakage, traffic interruption, subgrade deformation, settlement, etc.; further, the damage to the railway is reflected as follows. If the damaged length is large and some sections of the railway are completely damaged, it is determined that the damage is serious; if only a small landslide locally covers the railway and can be repaired by simple cleaning, this type of damage is determined to be minor damage, so that the hazard situation of the geological disaster to the existing railway can be determined.

[0047] It can be understood that the traditional method requires on-site investigations point by point along the railway line, which is time-consuming and laborious. Moreover, due to the high mountains and steep slopes, not only are many relevant information easily missed during the actual investigation process, but there are also certain safety hazards. In this embodiment, through the established 3D large-scale scene model, the railway line can be directly viewed, measured, and virtually explored, so as to comprehensively, three-dimensionally, and quickly understand the disaster situation. It not only saves the consumption of manpower, material resources, and time for subsequent assessment work, ensures the safety of investigators, but also provides more detailed data support.

[0048] S4. Based on the second information, conduct supplementary geological exploration on each geological disaster damaged area to obtain the supplementary geological information of each geological disaster damaged area;

[0049] Specifically, step S4 includes:

[0050] S41. Obtain the third information, where the third information includes the historical satellite image data of each geological disaster damaged area;

[0051] S42. Analyze the inducing factors and variation laws of geological disasters in each of the geological disaster damaged areas based on the second information and the third information, to obtain fourth information, where the fourth information is the inducing factors and variation laws of geological disasters in each of the geological disaster damaged areas;

[0052] It can be understood that taking a landslide as an example, if the type of geological disaster occurring in a certain area is a landslide, the historical satellite image data shows the mountain before the landslide occurred, and the current 3D model shows the mountain after the landslide occurred. By comparing the changes in the terrain, vegetation, cover, slope materials, etc. of the mountain in the historical satellite image data and the current 3D model, the changes in the terrain, vegetation, cover, slope materials, etc. of the mountain before and after this landslide can be obtained. Then, combined with the degree of harm of the landslide to the mountain railway to be evaluated, those skilled in the art can infer the laws and inducing factors of the landslide.

[0053] S43. Conduct supplementary geological exploration on each of the geological disaster damaged areas based on the fourth information, to obtain the supplementary geological information of each of the geological disaster damaged areas, where the supplementary geological exploration includes geological mapping, UAV photography, terrestrial laser scanning, geophysical exploration, and drilling.

[0054] It can be understood that the occurrence of geological disasters is usually the result of the combined action of multiple inducing factors, such as precipitation, earthquake, unstable rock and soil structure, etc. Through the analysis of these inducing factors, the supplementary exploration work can targetedly select the areas that need to be focused on for exploration, thereby improving work efficiency. For example, if the precipitation in a certain area increases significantly, and this area belongs to a landslide-prone area, then the supplementary exploration work may need to focus on the soil moisture content, groundwater level, soil stability, etc. in this area. If there are a large number of mining activities, it may trigger collapses or settlements, and the supplementary exploration needs to pay attention to the pit structure, rock and soil strength and their changes in this area. At the same time, the occurrence of geological disasters often has certain regularities. For example, some areas are prone to landslides or debris flows in specific seasons, or areas with frequent seismic activities are more likely to have earthquake-induced geological disasters. The supplementary exploration work needs to be carried out in combination with these laws for investigation and analysis. If the geological disasters in a certain area are closely related to precipitation, then the supplementary exploration may need to pay attention to factors such as soil moisture content and drainage system in different seasons, and analyze the permeability and stability of the soil.

[0055] It can be understood that the supplementary geological exploration includes geological mapping, UAV photography, terrestrial laser scanning, geophysical exploration, drilling and other work. Through geological mapping, key data such as accurate formation lithology, structural plane information and combination conditions, geological parameters, geological disaster movement characteristics, scale, disaster-causing factors, and the protection effect of existing railway facilities on geological disasters against geological disasters can be further obtained; through drilling and geophysical exploration means, various hidden geological information such as geological rock layer sedimentation, accumulation body thickness, hidden geological structures, and groundwater can be revealed; through UAV photography flight and terrestrial laser scanning, key information at close range can be refined.

[0056] In this embodiment, according to the occurrence causes and variation laws of geological disasters in each of the geological disaster damaged areas, targeted supplementary geological exploration is carried out for each of the geological disaster damaged areas. The data information obtained from the supplementary work has higher data accuracy and can cover the data information at the corresponding positions of the three-dimensional large-scale scene model, thereby further improving the three-dimensional large-scale scene model and enabling a more comprehensive and detailed assessment of mountain railway geological disasters based on the improved three-dimensional large-scale scene model.

[0057] S5. Update the three-dimensional large-scale scene model based on the supplementary geological information to obtain the updated three-dimensional large-scale scene model, and perform a geological disaster assessment of the mountain railway to be evaluated according to the updated three-dimensional large-scale scene model and the preset risk matrix index system to obtain a geological disaster assessment result.

[0058] S51. Perform a stability analysis and theoretical calculation of the safety factor for each of the geological disaster damaged areas based on the updated three-dimensional large-scale scene model to obtain a first geological disaster assessment result, where the first geological disaster assessment result includes the stability and safety factor of each of the geological disaster damaged areas. In this example, parameters such as the topographic conditions of geological disaster points, formation lithology, various structural planes and combination data, vegetation development coefficient, slope material composition, accumulation body thickness, and failure modes that can be obtained from the updated three-dimensional large-scale scene model are used. Then, based on the above information obtained, a stability analysis and theoretical calculation of the safety factor are performed, and a comparison and quantification are carried out in combination with the corresponding specified values of the current specifications to obtain the first geological disaster assessment result.

[0059] S52. Perform a geological dynamic evolution analysis on the geological disaster damaged areas based on the updated three-dimensional large-scale scene model to obtain the process and law of geological dynamic evolution of each of the geological disaster damaged areas;

[0060] Specifically, step S52 includes:

[0061] S521. Construct a numerical simulation model based on the updated three-dimensional large-scale scene model to obtain the numerical simulation model;

[0062] S522. Conduct numerical simulation based on the numerical simulation model to obtain numerical simulation results;

[0063] S523. Update the numerical simulation model based on the numerical simulation results corresponding to the areas where geological disasters have occurred in the geological disaster damaged area and the fifth information until the numerical simulation results obtained by conducting numerical simulation based on the updated numerical simulation model are consistent with the fifth information, thereby obtaining the updated numerical simulation model. The fifth information is the geological disaster information corresponding to the areas where geological disasters have occurred in the geological disaster damaged area in the updated three-dimensional large-scale scene model;

[0064] S524. Conduct numerical simulation based on the updated numerical simulation model to obtain the final numerical simulation results, and determine the process and laws of the geological dynamic evolution of the geological disaster damaged area according to the final numerical simulation results.

[0065] It can be understood that by conducting numerical simulation using the updated numerical simulation model, the final numerical simulation results can be obtained. The numerical simulation results include how landslides, debris flows, etc. displace under rainfall conditions and the complete sliding and movement processes. Therefore, those skilled in the art can determine the occurrence laws of disasters such as landslides and debris flows in the geological disaster damaged area according to the final numerical simulation results. The occurrence laws include the relationship between displacement and time, the relationship between rainfall amount and landslide volume, the relationship between landslide surface parameters and sliding speed, etc.

[0066] In this embodiment, parameters such as the topographic conditions of the geological disaster point sites, formation lithology, various structural planes and combined data, vegetation development coefficients, slope material components, and thickness of accumulations, as well as parameters such as the failure mode, obtained from the updated three-dimensional large-scale scene model are used as the initial conditions for numerical simulation and input to generate an initial simulation model. Based on the simulation model, geological dynamic evolution analysis is carried out on the geological disaster points that have been damaged in the three-dimensional large-scale scene model. Then, by comparing the simulation analysis results with the damaged areas, the simulation model is continuously corrected and optimized to achieve the final simulation model being consistent with the actual situation. Numerical simulation can obtain the geological dynamic evolution laws of various geological hidden danger points and the scope and degree of damage to the railway. Through fitting the actual situations of existing disasters that have occurred, various parameters and model information obtained can be used to predict and analyze geological hidden danger points where disasters have not occurred. Thus, simulate and predict geological disaster points that have not yet caused harm but have geological disaster hidden dangers, analyze the scope and degree of their impact on existing railway structures, and then determine the type and boundary conditions of protection measures.

[0067] In this embodiment, the geodynamic evolution analysis of geological disaster points with existing geological disasters and potential geological disaster hazards is realized through numerical simulation. It can not only obtain the process and law of the geodynamic evolution of disaster-prone points, but also be used to predict the damage process of potential geological disaster points and the disaster impact on railways. The results of these simulations provide an important basis for evaluating the risk occurrence consequences and risk occurrence probabilities of existing disaster-prone and potential hazard points.

[0068] S53. Determine the second geological disaster assessment result based on the process and law of the geodynamic evolution of each geological disaster damage area and the risk matrix index system. The second geological disaster assessment result includes the occurrence probability level and occurrence consequence level of geological disaster risk events in each geological disaster damage area. Through the numerical simulation in step S52, the scale, density, frequency of various geological disasters occurring in historical periods, and the degree of damage to the existing line of the geological disaster points corresponding to each geological disaster damage area can be obtained. After statistically analyzing the above information, through the Figure 3 risk matrix index system as shown, the occurrence probability level of geological disaster risk events and the consequence level of risk events can be reasonably determined, and based on this, the geological disaster risk zoning level map can be drawn on the three-dimensional large scene.

[0069] It can be understood that the risk matrix index system in this embodiment is a commonly used risk matrix index system in the technical field, and the specific content has been shown in Figure 3 ...

[0070] In this embodiment, detailed information on geological disasters along various railways is obtained through the updated three-dimensional large scene model, and then numerical simulation and theoretical calculation are carried out based on the three-dimensional large scene model. By analyzing the results of numerical simulation and theoretical calculation on the development law, morphological characteristics of geological disasters and potential hazard points, and their impact on railways, and combining with the commonly used risk matrix index system in the technical field, the occurrence probability level of geological disaster risk events and the consequence level of risk events are determined, and the corresponding geological disaster risk zoning level map is made on the three-dimensional large scene model, so as to more intuitively understand the geological disaster risk situation of mountain railways.

[0071] It can be understood that in this embodiment, after evaluating the mountain railway to be evaluated and determining the occurrence probability level of geological disaster risk events and the consequence level of risk events in each geological damage area, classified rectification measure suggestions can be formulated according to different occurrence probability levels of geological disaster risk events and consequence levels of risk events, so as to effectively improve the anti-geological disaster ability and safety of mountain railways.

[0072] In this embodiment, through a systematic working method including three-dimensional large-scene model making, acquisition of railway geological disaster information based on the model, on-site supplementary geological work, standard theoretical calculation, numerical simulation of geological disaster hazards, and comprehensive evaluation and analysis of geological disasters, it can provide accurate and detailed basis for the optimization of line schemes of existing mountain railways and newly built railways and the treatment of geological disaster diseases. By adopting this working method, good effects of rapid restoration and effective improvement of disaster prevention ability are achieved in the Fengsha flood disaster emergency project.

[0073] Embodiment 2:

[0074] As Figure 2 shown, this embodiment provides a mountain railway geological disaster assessment system based on a three-dimensional large scene. The system includes an acquisition module 901, a first processing module 902, a second processing module 903, a third processing module 904, and a fourth processing module 905:

[0075] The acquisition module 901 is used to acquire first information, and the first information includes photogrammetry data of the mountain railway to be evaluated and existing railway equipment data;

[0076] The first processing module 902 is used to construct a three-dimensional large-scene model based on the first information to obtain the three-dimensional large-scene model;

[0077] The second processing module 903 is used to determine second information based on the geological disaster forms corresponding to each geological disaster damaged area in the three-dimensional large-scene model to obtain the second information. The second information is the geological disaster type of each geological disaster damaged area and the degree of harm of each geological disaster damaged area to the mountain railway to be evaluated. The geological disaster damaged area is an area where a geological disaster has occurred or there are potential geological disaster hazards;

[0078] The third processing module 904 is used to conduct supplementary geological exploration on each geological disaster damaged area based on the second information to obtain the supplementary geological information of each geological disaster damaged area;

[0079] The fourth processing module 905 is used to update the three-dimensional large-scene model based on the supplementary geological information to obtain the updated three-dimensional large-scene model, and conduct geological disaster assessment of the mountain railway to be evaluated according to the updated three-dimensional large-scene model and a preset risk matrix index system to obtain a geological disaster assessment result.

[0080] The first processing module 902 includes a first processing unit 9021, a second processing unit 9022, a third processing unit 9023, and a fourth processing unit 9024:

[0081] The first processing unit 9021 is configured to preprocess the photogrammetry data to obtain the preprocessed photogrammetry data, where the photogrammetry data is data obtained by orthophoto and oblique photography along the railway direction by a drone;

[0082] The second processing unit 9022 is configured to extract feature information based on the preprocessed photogrammetry data to obtain the feature information, where the feature information includes three-dimensional geospatial data of a preset area of the mountain railway to be evaluated;

[0083] The third processing unit 9023 is configured to perform model fitting based on the feature information and construct a real-scene three-dimensional model based on the result of the model fitting to obtain the real-scene three-dimensional model;

[0084] The fourth processing unit 9024 is configured to implant the existing railway equipment data into the real-scene three-dimensional model to obtain the three-dimensional large-scene model.

[0085] The second processing module 903 includes a fifth processing unit 9031, a sixth processing unit 9032, and a seventh processing unit 9033:

[0086] The fifth processing unit 9031 is configured to determine the geological disaster type of each geological disaster damaged area based on the geological disaster form corresponding to each geological disaster damaged area in the three-dimensional large-scene model to obtain the geological disaster type of each geological disaster damaged area;

[0087] The sixth processing unit 9032 is configured to determine third information based on the three-dimensional large-scene model and the geological disaster type of each geological disaster damaged area to obtain the third information, where the third information includes the scale of the geological disaster body corresponding to each geological disaster damaged area, the mutual relationship between the geological disaster body and the railway, and the damage situation of the geological disaster body to the railway;

[0088] The seventh processing unit 9033 is configured to judge the harm degree of each geological disaster damaged area to the mountain railway to be evaluated based on the third information to obtain the harm degree of each geological disaster damaged area to the mountain railway to be evaluated.

[0089] The third processing module 904 includes an eighth processing unit 9041, a ninth processing unit 9042, and a tenth processing unit 9043:

[0090] The eighth processing unit 9041 is configured to obtain third information, where the third information includes historical satellite image data of each geological disaster damaged area;

[0091] The ninth processing unit 9042 is configured to analyze the inducement and variation law of geological disasters in each of the geological disaster damaged areas based on the second information and the third information, so as to obtain fourth information, where the fourth information is the inducement and variation law of geological disasters in each of the geological disaster damaged areas;

[0092] The tenth processing unit 9043 is configured to perform supplementary geological exploration on each of the geological disaster damaged areas based on the fourth information, so as to obtain supplementary geological information of each of the geological disaster damaged areas, where the supplementary geological exploration includes geological mapping, UAV photography, terrestrial laser scanning, geophysical prospecting, and drilling.

[0093] The fourth processing module 905 includes an eleventh processing unit 9051, a twelfth processing unit 9052, and a thirteenth processing unit 9053:

[0094] The eleventh processing unit 9051 is configured to perform stability analysis and theoretical calculation of safety factor on each of the geological disaster damaged areas based on the updated three-dimensional large-scale scene model, so as to obtain a first geological disaster assessment result, where the first geological disaster assessment result includes the stability and safety factor of each of the geological disaster damaged areas;

[0095] The twelfth processing unit 9052 is configured to perform geological dynamic evolution analysis on the geological disaster damaged areas based on the updated three-dimensional large-scale scene model, so as to obtain the process and law of geological dynamic evolution of each of the geological disaster damaged areas;

[0096] The thirteenth processing unit 9053 is configured to determine a second geological disaster assessment result based on the process and law of geological dynamic evolution of each of the geological disaster damaged areas and the risk matrix index system, where the second geological disaster assessment result includes the occurrence probability level and occurrence consequence level of geological disaster risk events in each of the geological disaster damaged areas.

[0097] The twelfth processing unit 9052 includes a first processing sub-module 90521, a second processing sub-module 90522, a third processing sub-module 90523, and a fourth processing sub-module 90524:

[0098] The first processing sub-module 90521 is configured to construct a numerical simulation model based on the updated three-dimensional large-scale scene model, so as to obtain the numerical simulation model;

[0099] The second processing sub-module 90522 is configured to perform numerical simulation based on the numerical simulation model, so as to obtain a numerical simulation result;

[0100] The third processing sub-module 90523 is configured to update the numerical simulation model based on the numerical simulation results corresponding to the areas where geological disasters have occurred in the geological disaster damaged area and the fifth information, until the numerical simulation results obtained by performing numerical simulation based on the updated numerical simulation model are consistent with the fifth information, so as to obtain the updated numerical simulation model, where the fifth information is the geological disaster information corresponding to the areas where geological disasters have occurred in the geological disaster damaged area in the updated three-dimensional large-scale scene model;

[0101] The fourth processing sub-module 90524 is configured to perform numerical simulation based on the updated numerical simulation model to obtain the final numerical simulation results, and determine the process and law of the geological dynamic evolution of the geological disaster damaged area according to the final numerical simulation results.

[0102] It should be noted that regarding the system in the above embodiments, the specific manners in which each module performs operations have been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be elaborated herein.

[0103] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0104] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and all of them should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for assessing geological hazards on mountain railways based on a three-dimensional large scene, characterized in that: include: Acquiring first information, wherein the first information includes photogrammetry data of the mountain railway to be evaluated and existing railway equipment data; Constructing a three-dimensional large scene model based on the first information to obtain the three-dimensional large scene model; Determine second information based on the geological disaster morphology corresponding to each geological disaster damage area in the three-dimensional large scene model, and obtain the second information, wherein the second information is the type of geological disaster in each geological disaster damage area and the degree of harm to the mountain railway to be assessed in each geological disaster damage area, and the geological disaster damage area is an area where a geological disaster has occurred or there is a geological disaster risk; Performing supplementary geological survey on each of the geological disaster damage areas based on the second information to obtain supplementary geological information of each of the geological disaster damage areas; The three-dimensional large-scale scene model is updated based on the supplementary geological information to obtain the updated three-dimensional large-scale scene model, and a geological hazard assessment of the mountain railway to be assessed is performed according to the updated three-dimensional large-scale scene model and a preset risk matrix indicator system to obtain a geological hazard assessment result.

2. A method for assessing geological hazards in mountain railways based on a three-dimensional large scene according to claim 1, characterized in that ,The constructing of a three-dimensional large scene model based on the first information includes: Preprocessing the photogrammetric data to obtain the preprocessed photogrammetric data, wherein the photogrammetric data is data obtained by performing through-field orthophotography and oblique photography by a drone along a railway direction; Extracting feature information based on the preprocessed photogrammetric data to obtain the feature information, wherein the feature information includes three-dimensional geographic spatial data of a preset area of ​​the mountain railway to be evaluated; Performing model fitting based on the feature information, and constructing a real-scene three-dimensional model based on a result obtained by the model fitting to obtain the real-scene three-dimensional model; The existing railway equipment data is implanted into the real-scene three-dimensional model to obtain the three-dimensional large scene model.

3. The method for assessing geological hazards in mountain railways based on a three-dimensional large scene according to claim 1 is characterized in that The second information is determined based on the geological disaster form corresponding to each geological disaster damage area in the three-dimensional large scene model, including: Determine the geological disaster type of each geological disaster damage area based on the geological disaster morphology corresponding to each geological disaster damage area in the three-dimensional large scene model, and obtain the geological disaster type of each geological disaster damage area; Determine third information based on the three-dimensional large scene model and the type of geological disaster in each of the geological disaster damage areas to obtain the third information, wherein the third information includes the scale of the geological disaster body corresponding to each of the geological disaster damage areas, the relationship between the geological disaster body and the railway, and the damage of the geological disaster body to the railway; The degree of harm of each geological disaster damage area to the mountain railway to be assessed is determined based on the third information, and the degree of harm of each geological disaster damage area to the mountain railway to be assessed is obtained.

4. The method for assessing geological hazards in mountain railways based on a three-dimensional large scene according to claim 1 is characterized in that The method of conducting a supplementary geological survey on each of the geological disaster-damaged areas based on the second information includes: Acquiring third information, wherein the third information includes historical satellite image data of each of the geological disaster-damaged areas; Based on the second information and the third information, the causes and changing rules of geological disasters in each of the geological disaster damage areas are analyzed to obtain fourth information, wherein the fourth information is the causes and changing rules of geological disasters in each of the geological disaster damage areas; Based on the fourth information, a supplementary geological survey is conducted on each of the geological disaster damage areas to obtain supplementary geological information of each of the geological disaster damage areas, and the supplementary geological survey includes geological mapping, drone photography, ground laser scanning, geophysical exploration and drilling.

5. The method for assessing geological hazards in mountain railways based on a three-dimensional large scene according to claim 1 is characterized in that The geological disaster assessment of the mountain railway to be assessed based on the updated three-dimensional large scene model and the preset risk matrix indicator system includes: Based on the updated three-dimensional large scene model, stability analysis and safety factor theoretical calculation are performed on each of the geological disaster damage areas to obtain a first geological disaster assessment result, wherein the first geological disaster assessment result includes the stability and safety factor of each of the geological disaster damage areas; Based on the updated three-dimensional large scene model, the geological dynamic evolution analysis of the geological disaster damage area is carried out to obtain the process and law of the geological dynamic evolution of each geological disaster damage area; The second geological disaster assessment result is determined based on the process and laws of the geological dynamic evolution of each of the geological disaster damage areas and the risk matrix indicator system. The second geological disaster assessment result includes the probability level and consequence level of the geological disaster risk events in each of the geological disaster damage areas.

6. A mountain railway geological disaster assessment system based on a three-dimensional large scene, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module, configured to acquire first information, wherein the first information includes photogrammetric data of the mountain railway to be evaluated and data of existing railway equipment; A first processing module, configured to construct a three-dimensional large scene model based on the first information to obtain the three-dimensional large scene model; A second processing module is used to determine second information based on the geological disaster morphology corresponding to each geological disaster damage area in the three-dimensional large scene model, and obtain the second information, wherein the second information is the type of geological disaster in each geological disaster damage area and the degree of harm to the mountain railway to be assessed in each geological disaster damage area, and the geological disaster damage area is an area where a geological disaster has occurred or there is a geological disaster risk; A third processing module is used to perform a supplementary geological survey on each of the geological disaster damage areas based on the second information to obtain supplementary geological information of each of the geological disaster damage areas; The fourth processing module is used to update the three-dimensional large scene model based on the supplementary geological information to obtain the updated three-dimensional large scene model, and perform a geological hazard assessment of the mountain railway to be assessed based on the updated three-dimensional large scene model and a preset risk matrix indicator system to obtain a geological hazard assessment result.

7. A mountain railway geological disaster assessment system based on a three-dimensional large scene according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first processing module comprises: A first processing unit is used to preprocess the photogrammetric data to obtain the preprocessed photogrammetric data, wherein the photogrammetric data is data obtained by performing through-field orthophotography and oblique photography by a UAV along a railway direction; A second processing unit is used to extract feature information based on the preprocessed photogrammetric data to obtain the feature information, wherein the feature information includes three-dimensional geographic spatial data of a preset area of ​​the mountain railway to be evaluated; A third processing unit is used to perform model fitting based on the feature information, and to construct a real-scene three-dimensional model based on a result obtained by the model fitting to obtain the real-scene three-dimensional model; The fourth processing unit is used to implant the existing railway equipment data into the real-scene three-dimensional model to obtain the three-dimensional large scene model.

8. The mountain railway geological disaster assessment system based on three-dimensional large scene according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The second processing module comprises: A fifth processing unit is used to determine the geological disaster type of each geological disaster damage area based on the geological disaster morphology corresponding to each geological disaster damage area in the three-dimensional large scene model, and obtain the geological disaster type of each geological disaster damage area; A sixth processing unit is used to determine third information based on the three-dimensional large scene model and the type of geological disasters in each of the geological disaster damage areas, and obtain the third information, wherein the third information includes the scale of the geological disaster body corresponding to each of the geological disaster damage areas, the relationship between the geological disaster body and the railway, and the damage of the geological disaster body to the railway; The seventh processing unit is used to determine the degree of harm of each geological disaster damage area to the mountain railway to be evaluated based on the third information, and obtain the degree of harm of each geological disaster damage area to the mountain railway to be evaluated.

9. The mountain railway geological disaster assessment system based on a three-dimensional large scene according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The third processing module comprises: an eighth processing unit, configured to obtain third information, wherein the third information includes historical satellite image data of each of the geological disaster damage areas; a ninth processing unit, configured to analyze the causes and changing rules of geological disasters in each of the geological disaster damage areas based on the second information and the third information, and obtain fourth information, wherein the fourth information is the causes and changing rules of geological disasters in each of the geological disaster damage areas; The tenth processing unit is used to conduct supplementary geological surveys on each of the geological disaster damage areas based on the fourth information to obtain supplementary geological information of each of the geological disaster damage areas, wherein the supplementary geological surveys include geological mapping, drone photography, ground laser scanning, geophysical exploration and drilling.

10. The mountain railway geological disaster assessment system based on three-dimensional large scene according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fourth processing module comprises: an eleventh processing unit, configured to perform stability analysis and safety factor theoretical calculation on each of the geological disaster damage areas based on the updated three-dimensional large scene model, to obtain a first geological disaster assessment result, wherein the first geological disaster assessment result includes the stability and safety factor of each of the geological disaster damage areas; A twelfth processing unit is used to perform a geodynamic evolution analysis on the geological disaster damage area based on the updated three-dimensional large scene model to obtain the process and law of the geodynamic evolution of each geological disaster damage area; The thirteenth processing unit is used to determine the second geological disaster assessment result based on the process and laws of the geological dynamic evolution of each of the geological disaster damage areas and the risk matrix indicator system. The second geological disaster assessment result includes the probability level and consequence level of the geological disaster risk event in each of the geological disaster damage areas.

Images