Intermediate film for laminated glass, and laminated glass

Abstract

The interlayer for laminated glass according to the present invention contains a colorant, and has an impact adhesion value of 1-7 (inclusive) when the moisture content is 0.4%, and an impact adhesion value of 3-9 (inclusive) when the moisture content is 1.5%. A laminated glass according to the present invention is provided with a first laminated glass member, a second laminated glass member, and the interlayer for laminated glass according to the present invention, wherein the interlayer for laminated glass is disposed between the first laminated glass member and the second laminated glass member. According to the present invention, it is possible to provide: an intermediate film for laminated glass, which does not exhibit high moisture content even when the intermediate film contains a colorant, and which does not exhibit high moisture content even when the intermediate film for laminated glass contains the colorant; the interlayer film for laminated glass can prevent peeling between the laminated glass member and the interlayer film due to reduction in adhesive strength.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass including the interlayer film for laminated glass. Background Art

[0002] Even when laminated glass is damaged by an external impact, glass fragments rarely scatter, making it safe. Therefore, it is widely used for window glass of various vehicles such as automobiles and window glass of buildings. As laminated glass, laminated glass obtained by sandwiching an interlayer film for laminated glass containing a resin component such as polyvinyl butyral resin between a pair of glasses and integrating them is well known.

[0003] In the case where the adhesive force between the glass and the interlayer film of laminated glass is small, the damaged glass due to impact peels off from the interlayer film and scatters. In the case where the adhesive force is large, the glass and the interlayer film are damaged simultaneously and penetration occurs. Therefore, it is known that for laminated glass, in order to prevent the peeling between the glass and the interlayer film and the occurrence of penetration when receiving an impact, it is necessary to adjust the adhesive force within an appropriate range (for example, see Patent Document 1).

[0004] It should be noted that the adhesive force of laminated glass is usually evaluated by the impact adhesion value, and in addition, the resistance to penetration (i.e., penetration resistance) is usually evaluated by a ball drop test. In the ball drop test, a steel ball is dropped from a specified height, and the penetration resistance is evaluated based on whether the steel ball penetrates the laminated glass.

[0005] Prior Art Documents

[0006] Patent Documents

[0007] Patent Document 1: International Publication No. 2020 / 145322 Summary of the Invention

[0008] Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0009] If laminated glass is used for a long time, the water content of the interlayer film for laminated glass sometimes becomes high. However, when the interlayer film for laminated glass contains a colorant, there is a problem that if the water content becomes high, the impact adhesion value is likely to decrease and the adhesive force of the interlayer film for laminated glass decreases. If the adhesive force of the interlayer film for laminated glass decreases, peeling sometimes occurs between the laminated glass member and the interlayer film.

[0010] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass including the interlayer film for laminated glass, which can prevent the adhesive force of the interlayer film for laminated glass from decreasing and peeling from occurring between the laminated glass member and the interlayer film even when the water content becomes high in the case where the interlayer film for laminated glass contains a colorant.

[0011] Means for Solving the Problems

[0012] The inventors of the present application conducted in-depth research and found that by adjusting the composition of the interlayer film for laminated glass, the impact adhesion value at a water content of 0.4% and the impact adhesion value at a water content of 1.5% are within the specified ranges, thereby solving the above problems and completing the following present invention.

[0013] [1] An interlayer film for laminated glass, which contains a colorant, and the impact adhesion value at a water content of 0.4% is 1 or more and 7 or less, and the impact adhesion value at a water content of 1.5% is 3 or more and 9 or less.

[0014] [2] The interlayer film for laminated glass according to the above [1] or [2], and the value obtained by subtracting the impact adhesion value at a water content of 0.4% from the impact adhesion value at a water content of 1.5% is 0 or more.

[0015] [3] The interlayer film for laminated glass according to the above [1] or [2], which contains a thermoplastic resin.

[0016] [4] The interlayer film for laminated glass according to any one of the above [1] to [3], which further contains a dispersant.

[0017] [5] The interlayer film for laminated glass according to the above [4], and the dispersant contains at least one dispersant selected from acrylic dispersants, amine dispersants, urethane dispersants, and carboxylic acid dispersants.

[0018] [6] The interlayer film for laminated glass according to the above [4] or [5], and the dispersant contains two or more dispersants.

[0019] [7] The interlayer film for laminated glass according to the above [6], and the dispersant contains a first dispersant and a second dispersant having a lower molecular weight than the first dispersant, and the ratio of the content of the second dispersant to the content of the first dispersant is 1 / 100 or more and 30 / 100 or less on a mass basis.

[0020] [8] The interlayer film for laminated glass according to any one of the above [4] to [7], and the dispersant contains a dispersant having a molecular weight of 2500 or more.

[0021] [9] The interlayer film for laminated glass according to any one of the above [4] to [8], and the content of the dispersant in the interlayer film for laminated glass is 0.001% by mass or more and 0.1% by mass or less.

[0022]

[10] The interlayer film for laminated glass according to any one of [4] to [9] above, the ratio of the content of the dispersant to the content of the colorant (content of the dispersant / content of the colorant) is 0.01 or more and 1.0 or less.

[0023]

[11] The interlayer film for laminated glass according to any one of [1] to

[10] above, which contains at least one metal salt selected from alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, and magnesium salts.

[0024]

[12] A laminated glass, which includes a first laminated glass member, a second laminated glass member, and the interlayer film for laminated glass according to any one of [1] to

[11] above, and the interlayer film for laminated glass is disposed between the first laminated glass member and the second laminated glass member.

[0025] Advantages of the Invention

[0026] According to the present invention, an interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass including the interlayer film for laminated glass can be provided. When the interlayer film for laminated glass contains a colorant, even if the moisture content becomes high, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the adhesive force of the interlayer film for laminated glass and peeling between the laminated glass member and the interlayer film. Detailed Embodiments

[0027] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

[0028] [Impact Adhesion Value]

[0029] The interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention (hereinafter, sometimes simply referred to as "interlayer film") contains a colorant, and the impact adhesion value when the moisture content is 0.4% is 1 or more and 7 or less, and the impact adhesion value when the moisture content is 1.5% is 3 or more and 9 or less.

[0030] With the above configuration of the interlayer film of the present invention, even when the moisture content becomes high in the case of containing a colorant, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the adhesive force of the interlayer film for laminated glass and peeling between the laminated glass member and the interlayer film.

[0031] If the impact adhesion value of the interlayer film when the moisture content is 0.4% is outside the above range, the puncture resistance of the interlayer film is likely to decrease, or peeling is likely to occur between the laminated glass member and the interlayer film in the case of low moisture content or when the moisture content becomes high. From this point of view, the impact adhesion value of the interlayer film when the moisture content is 0.4% is preferably 1.5 or more and 6.5 or less, more preferably 2 or more and 6 or less, and further preferably 3 or more and 6 or less.

[0032] If the impact adhesion value of the interlayer film at a water content of 1.5% is outside the above range, the penetration resistance of the interlayer film is likely to decrease when the water content becomes higher, or peeling is likely to occur between the laminated glass member and the interlayer film. From this perspective, the impact adhesion value of the interlayer film at a water content of 1.5% is preferably 5 or more and 9 or less, more preferably 7 or more and 9 or less.

[0033] The impact adhesion value of the interlayer film can be adjusted to the above-specified range by adjusting the composition of the interlayer film. More specifically, for example, by including a dispersant in the interlayer film and appropriately selecting the type and blending amount of the dispersant, it becomes easy to adjust the impact adhesion value to the specified range. In addition, the impact adhesion value is a value measured when the interlayer film is made into laminated glass. Specifically, after using the interlayer film to produce laminated glass by the method described in the examples, the water content of the interlayer film can be adjusted to 0.4% and 1.5% and measured. The impact adhesion value of the interlayer film can be measured by the method described in the examples below.

[0034] The value obtained by subtracting the impact adhesion value of the interlayer film at a water content of 0.4% from the impact adhesion value of the interlayer film at a water content of 1.5% is preferably 0 or more. If the value obtained by subtracting the impact adhesion value of the interlayer film at a water content of 0.4% from the impact adhesion value of the interlayer film at a water content of 1.5% is 0 or more, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the impact adhesion value due to an increase in the water content of the interlayer film and suppress peeling between the interlayer film and the laminated glass member. From this perspective, the value obtained by subtracting the impact adhesion value of the interlayer film at a water content of 0.4% from the impact adhesion value of the interlayer film at a water content of 1.5% is more preferably 3 or more, and further preferably 4 or more. The upper limit value of the range of the value obtained by subtracting the impact adhesion value of the interlayer film at a water content of 0.4% from the impact adhesion value of the interlayer film at a water content of 1.5% is not particularly limited, and is usually 8, preferably 7, and more preferably 6. By making the range of the value obtained by subtracting the impact adhesion value of the interlayer film at a water content of 0.4% from the impact adhesion value of the interlayer film at a water content of 1.5% be below these upper limit values, it becomes easy to maintain the penetration resistance even when the water content increases.

[0035] [Colorant]

[0036] As described above, the interlayer film of the present invention contains a colorant. The colorant used is not particularly limited, and pigments conventionally incorporated into interlayer films for laminated glass can be used, such as pigments of blue, yellow, red, green, purple, black, white, etc. Pigments, dyes, etc. can be used as the pigment. Since the interlayer film uses a colorant, the laminated glass can be colored, and the designability of the interlayer film can be improved. In the present invention, as the colorant, a pigment is preferably used. In the present invention, when a pigment is used, the colorant can be effectively dispersed in the interlayer film by using a dispersant described later. In addition, when the interlayer film contains a pigment, there is a tendency for the impact adhesion value to easily increase when the moisture content becomes high.

[0037] Examples of the pigment include copper phthalocyanine-based pigments such as Pigment Blue, phthalocyanine-based pigments such as cobalt phthalocyanine pigment, azo-based pigments such as nickel complex azo-based pigments, anthraquinone-based pigments, perylene-based pigments, diketopyrrolopyrrole-based pigments, quinacridone-based pigments, violanthrone-based pigments, thioindigo-based pigments, isoindoline-based pigments, isoindolinone-based pigments, quinophthalone-based pigments, indanthrene-based pigments, titanium oxide-based pigments, carbon black such as Pigment Black 7, carbon-based materials such as graphene and carbon nanotubes, etc.

[0038] In addition, examples of the dye include azo dyes, cyanine dyes, triphenylmethane dyes, phthalocyanine dyes, anthraquinone dyes, naphthoquinone dyes, quinoneimine dyes, methine dyes, methineimine dyes, squaric dyes, acridine dyes, styryl dyes, coumarin dyes, quinoline dyes, nitro dyes, etc. The dye can also be a disperse dye.

[0039] Among the above-mentioned colorants, the colorant is preferably carbon black, azo-based pigment, phthalocyanine-based pigment, perylene-based pigment, quinacridone-based pigment.

[0040] The colorant can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0041] The above-mentioned pigments and dyes constituting the colorant can be directly incorporated into the resin constituting the resin layer, or can be incorporated into the resin after being made into the form of ink or toner, etc. In such a case, the content of the colorant refers to the content of the pigment and dye themselves (i.e., the amount of active ingredient).

[0042] In addition, the colorant is preferably incorporated into the resin after being dispersed in a plasticizer. More specifically, the colorant can be added to the plasticizer, and a dispersant, etc. can be further added to disperse it in the plasticizer, and it can be mixed with the resin in the form of a dispersion liquid.

[0043] The content of the colorant in the interlayer film is preferably 0.001% by mass or more and 1.0% by mass or less. If the content of the colorant is at least the above lower limit value, the interlayer film can be appropriately colored, thereby improving the designability of the interlayer film. In addition, if the content of the colorant is at most the above upper limit value, the transparency, mechanical properties, etc. of the interlayer film can be ensured, and the interlayer film can be appropriately colored. The content of the colorant in the interlayer film is more preferably 0.003% by mass or more and 0.5% by mass or less, further preferably 0.01% by mass or more and 0.3% by mass or less, still further preferably 0.01% by mass or more and 0.2% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 0.01% by mass or more and 0.1% by mass or less.

[0044] (Dispersant)

[0045] The interlayer film of the present invention preferably contains a dispersant. By making the interlayer film contain a dispersant, it is easy to appropriately disperse the colorant, particularly the pigment, in the interlayer film, and even if the interlayer film contains a colorant, it is possible to prevent the haze value from becoming high.

[0046] Examples of the dispersant that can be used in the present invention include acrylic, amine, urethane, carboxylic acid, polyester, phosphate ester, polyether, etc. Among them, the dispersant is preferably an acrylic, amine, urethane, or carboxylic acid dispersant. These dispersants can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0047] In the present invention, among the above dispersants, it is more preferable to use at least one dispersant selected from acrylic dispersants, amine dispersants, and urethane dispersants. By making the interlayer film contain these dispersants, it is easy to disperse the colorant in the interlayer film and easy to reduce the haze value.

[0048] The dispersant can have polar groups such as amino, carboxyl, sulfo, hydroxyl, phosphate, groups derived from nitrogen-containing heterocycles such as pyridine, pyrimidine, and pyrazine, their salts, and quaternary ammonium salts. As the polar group, an amino group is preferred.

[0049] In addition, the dispersant can be any acidic, basic, or nonionic dispersant, but an acidic dispersant or a basic dispersant is preferred. In addition, as the dispersant, a solvent-based or solvent-free dispersant is preferred.

[0050] The dispersant is preferably a polymer dispersant. Specifically, it is a dispersant having a molecular weight of, for example, 1500 or more, preferably 2500 or more, more preferably 2800 or more, and still further preferably 3000 or more. By using a dispersant having a molecular weight of 1500 or more, it is easy to appropriately disperse colorants such as pigments in the thermoplastic resin. In addition, there is no particular limitation on the upper limit of the molecular weight of the dispersant, and for example, it may be 100000 or less.

[0051] It should be noted that in this specification, the so-called molecular weight refers to the weight-average molecular weight. Specifically, it is the molecular weight measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).

[0052] The acrylic dispersant is a dispersant having a structural unit derived from an acrylic monomer such as (meth)acrylic acid or (meth)acrylate. The acrylic dispersant can be the above-mentioned polymer dispersant, can be an acrylic polymer, and is preferably an acrylic block copolymer. In addition, the acrylic dispersant preferably has a polar group and preferably becomes an acidic or basic dispersant by having a polar group.

[0053] The urethane-based dispersant can be a dispersant having a polyurethane structure containing a plurality of urethane bonds. The urethane-based dispersant is preferably a polymer and has a polar group, and preferably becomes an acidic or basic dispersant by having a polar group.

[0054] As the amine-based dispersant, a compound having an amino group as a polar group in the molecular structure as described above can be cited. Therefore, the above-mentioned acrylic dispersant, urethane-based dispersant, etc. can also be amine-based dispersants. In addition, the amine-based dispersant can be a dispersant having a polyamine structure in the molecule. For example, it can also be an alkenyl succinimide-based dispersant obtained by further reacting alkenyl succinic anhydride with polyamine.

[0055] As the carboxylic acid-based dispersant, carboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids or their salts, etc. can be cited. Specifically, stearic acid, oleic acid and polycarboxylate salts of polyaminoamides are preferred. The carboxylic acid-based dispersant is preferably used in combination with at least one of the above-mentioned acrylic, amine-based, and urethane-based dispersants. By using the carboxylic acid-based dispersant in combination with these dispersants, it is easy to more appropriately disperse the colorant in the intermediate film. In addition, even when the dispersion liquid containing the colorant and the dispersant for manufacturing the intermediate film is stored for a long time, etc., it is easy to prevent aggregation from occurring.

[0056] In addition, the intermediate film of the present invention can contain two or more kinds of dispersants. That is, the intermediate film can contain at least a first dispersant and a second dispersant different from the first dispersant. However, the intermediate film may not contain the second dispersant and may contain only the first dispersant as the dispersant.

[0057] By using two or more kinds of dispersants in the intermediate film of the present invention, it is easy to disperse the colorant, and in addition, even when stored for a long time, etc., it is easy to prevent aggregation from occurring.

[0058] The molecular weight of the first dispersant is preferably greater than that of the second dispersant. By making the intermediate film contain two or more dispersants with different molecular weights, it is easier to disperse the colorant using the dispersant. In addition, even if the dispersion liquid containing the colorant and the dispersant is stored for a long time, it is easy to prevent agglomeration from occurring.

[0059] The molecular weight of the first dispersant is preferably 2,000 or more and 100,000 or less, more preferably 2,500 or more and 50,000 or less, further preferably 2,800 or more and 15,000 or less, and even more preferably 3,000 or more and 15,000 or less. In addition, the molecular weight of the second dispersant is preferably 1,500 or more and 20,000 or less, more preferably 2,000 or more and 8,000 or less, and further preferably 2,000 or more and less than 4,500.

[0060] When the intermediate film contains two or more dispersants, the first dispersant is preferably any of acrylic, amine, and urethane dispersants, and the second dispersant is preferably a carboxylic acid type. By using at least two dispersants having the above specific structures, it is easy to disperse the colorant in the intermediate film. In addition, even if the dispersion liquid containing the colorant and the dispersant is stored for a long time, it is easy to prevent agglomeration from occurring.

[0061] It should be noted that in the intermediate film, it is preferable that the first dispersant is the dispersant having the highest molecular weight among the dispersants contained in the intermediate film, and the second dispersant is the dispersant having the lowest molecular weight among the dispersants contained in the intermediate film. In addition, the dispersants contained in the intermediate film may also be composed of the first and second dispersants.

[0062] When the intermediate film contains the second dispersant in addition to the first dispersant, in the intermediate film, it is preferable that the content of the above-mentioned first dispersant is more than the content of the second dispersant. By making the content of the first dispersant more than the content of the second dispersant, it is easy to appropriately disperse the colorant in the intermediate film.

[0063] In the intermediate film, specifically, the ratio (second dispersant / first dispersant) of the content of the second dispersant to the content of the first dispersant based on mass is preferably 1 / 100 or more and 30 / 100 or less. By making the intermediate film contain the first and second dispersants at such a content ratio, it is easy to appropriately disperse the colorant in the intermediate film. In addition, even if the dispersion liquid containing the colorant and the dispersant is stored for a long time, it is easy to prevent agglomeration from occurring.

[0064] The above ratio (second dispersant / first dispersant) is more preferably 3 / 100 or more and 25 / 100 or less, further preferably 7 / 100 or more and 20 / 100 or less, and even more preferably 10 / 100 or more and 20 / 100 or less.

[0065] As the dispersant, commercially available products can be used. As preferred commercially available products, as urethane-based or acrylic-based dispersants, there can also be mentioned "DISPERBYK-102", "DISPERBYK-185", "DISPERBYK-190", "DISPERBYK-193", "DISPERBYK-199", "DISPERBYK-2009", "DISPERBYK-160", "DISPERBYK-2001", "DISPERBYK-2000", "DISPERBYK-21116", "DISPERBYK-110", "DISPERBYK-111", "DISPERBYK-180", etc. manufactured by BYK Co., Ltd.

[0066] In addition, there can also be mentioned "EFKA-44", "EFKA-46", "EFKA-47", "EFKA-48", "EFKA-4050", "EFKA-4020", "EFKA-4060", "EFKA-4406", "EFKA-4800", "EFKA-1101", etc. manufactured by BASF Co., Ltd. In addition, there can be mentioned "NBZ-4204 / 10" manufactured by Lubrizol Corporation, "Hinoact KF-1M", "Hinoact T-6000", "Hinoact T-7000", "Hinoact T-8000", "Hinoact T-8350P", "Hinoact T-8000E", "KF-1000", "Ajisper PB-821", "Ajisper PB-822", "Ajisper PB-823", "Ajisper PA-111" manufactured by Kawaken Fine Chemical Co., Ltd., "Floren DOPA-33BHF", "Floren DOPA-44BHF" manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd., "Solsperse 20000", "Solsperse 22000", "Solsperse 24000", "Solsperse 27000", "Solsperse 28000", "Solsperse 41000", "Solsperse 41090", "Solsperse 43000", "Solsperse 44000", "Solsperse 46000", "Solsperse 5000", "Solsperse 2200" manufactured by Avecia Co., Ltd.

[0067] In addition, examples include "Disparon DA-234", "Disparon DA-325", "Disparon DA-375", "Disparon DA-725" of Namboku Kasei Co., Ltd., "TEGODispers 670", "TEGODispers 740W", "TEGODispers 750W", "TEGODispers 755W", "TEGODispers 757W", "TEGODispers 760" of Evonik Corporation, etc. In addition, examples include "OLOA-1200" of Chevron Corporation, "S-900" of Nidou Ink Cooper Corporation of the United States, "Newpole PE61", "Newpole PE64", "Newpole PE74", "Newpole PE75" of Sanyo Kasei Co., Ltd., etc. The dispersants exemplified above are preferably used as the first dispersant.

[0068] In addition, as commercially available products of dispersants, as carboxylic acid-based ones, examples include "ANTI-TERRA-U", "ANTI-TERRA-U100", "ANTI-TERRA-203", "ANTI-TERRA-204", "ANTI-TERRA-205" of BYK Company. As described above, carboxylic acid-based dispersants are preferably used as the second dispersant.

[0069] The content of the dispersant in the interlayer film is preferably 0.001% by mass or more and 0.1% by mass or less, more preferably 0.002% by mass or more and 0.08% by mass or less, and further preferably 0.005% by mass or more and 0.05% by mass or less. If it is 0.001% by mass or more, the colorant can be appropriately dispersed by the dispersant. In addition, if the interlayer film contains a dispersant, when the water content rate becomes high, the impact adhesion value tends to become low, but by making the content 0.1% by mass or less, even when the water content rate becomes high, the decrease in the impact adhesion value can be appropriately suppressed.

[0070] The ratio of the content of the dispersant to the content of the colorant (content of the dispersant / content of the colorant) is preferably 0.01 or more and 1.0 or less. If the ratio of the content of the dispersant to the content of the colorant is 0.01 or more and 1.0 or less, it is easy to appropriately disperse the colorant and easy to reduce the haze value of the interlayer film. In addition, it is easy to adjust the impact adhesion values at water content rates of 0.4% and 1.5% to the desired range. From such a viewpoint, the ratio of the content of the dispersant to the content of the colorant is more preferably 0.1 or more and 0.9 or less, further preferably 0.2 or more and 0.8 or less, and even more preferably 0.3 or more and 0.65 or less.

[0071] [Thermoplastic resin]

[0072] The interlayer film of the present invention contains a resin, and preferably contains a thermoplastic resin. By making the interlayer film contain a thermoplastic resin, it is easy to exhibit the function as an adhesive layer, and the adhesiveness to the laminated glass member becomes good.

[0073] The thermoplastic resin is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include polyvinyl acetal resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, ionomer resin, polyurethane resin, thermoplastic elastomer, acrylic resin, acrylic-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, polyolefin resin, polyvinyl acetate resin, and polystyrene resin. By using these resins, it is easy to ensure the adhesiveness to the laminated glass member.

[0074] In the interlayer film of the present invention, one kind of thermoplastic resin can be used alone, or two or more kinds can be used in combination. It should be noted that in the case of using two or more kinds in combination, in the interlayer film, two or more kinds of thermoplastic resins can be contained in one resin layer, or different kinds of thermoplastic resins can be contained in different resin layers respectively.

[0075] Among them, at least one resin selected from polyvinyl acetal resin and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin is preferred, and especially in the case of using in combination with a plasticizer, polyvinyl acetal resin is more preferred in view of excellent adhesiveness to glass. Therefore, the resin in the above resin layer is also preferably at least one resin selected from polyvinyl acetal resin and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, and more preferably polyvinyl acetal resin.

[0076] (Polyvinyl acetal resin)

[0077] The polyvinyl acetal resin may be any polyvinyl acetal resin obtained by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with an aldehyde, and is not particularly limited.

[0078] The above aldehyde is not particularly limited, and an aldehyde having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is usually suitably used. The aldehyde having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include n-butyl aldehyde, isobutyl aldehyde, n-pentyl aldehyde, 2-ethylbutyl aldehyde, n-hexyl aldehyde, n-octyl aldehyde, n-nonyl aldehyde, n-decyl aldehyde, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and benzaldehyde. These aldehydes can be used alone or two or more kinds can be used in combination.

[0079] Among the above aldehydes, n-butyl aldehyde, n-hexyl aldehyde, and n-pentyl aldehyde are preferred, and n-butyl aldehyde is more preferred. Therefore, it is suitable that the polyvinyl acetal resin is polyvinyl butyral resin.

[0080] Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) can be obtained, for example, by saponifying polyvinyl esters such as polyvinyl acetate. The saponification degree of polyvinyl alcohol is usually 70 to 99.9 mol%. The polyvinyl acetal resin can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0081] The average degree of polymerization of PVA is preferably 200 or more, more preferably 500 or more, further preferably 1000 or more, and still further preferably 1500 or more. If the average degree of polymerization is above the above lower limit, the penetration resistance of the laminated glass becomes higher. In addition, the average degree of polymerization of PVA is preferably 5000 or less, more preferably 4000 or less, further preferably 3500 or less, and still further preferably 2500 or less.

[0082] It should be noted that the average degree of polymerization of polyvinyl alcohol can be determined by the method according to JIS K6726 "Test Method for Polyvinyl Alcohol".

[0083] The amount of hydroxyl groups in the polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably 15 mol% or more, and preferably 38 mol% or less. By making the amount of hydroxyl groups 15 mol% or more, the adhesiveness tends to be good, and the penetration resistance of the laminated glass and the like tends to be good. In addition, by making the amount of hydroxyl groups 38 mol% or less, the laminated glass is prevented from becoming too hard. From the viewpoint of adhesiveness to the glass plate and the like, the above amount of hydroxyl groups is more preferably 20 mol% or more, and further preferably 25 mol% or more. In addition, the above amount of hydroxyl groups is more preferably 35% or less, and further preferably 33 mol% or less.

[0084] In the case of using polyvinyl butyral resin as the polyvinyl acetal resin, from the same viewpoint, the amount of hydroxyl groups is 15 mol% or more, preferably 38 mol% or less, more preferably 20 mol% or more, further preferably 25 mol% or more, more preferably 35 mol% or less, and further preferably 33 mol% or less.

[0085] The amount of hydroxyl groups in the polyvinyl acetal resin is a value obtained by expressing the mole fraction obtained by dividing the amount of ethylene groups bonded with hydroxyl groups by the total amount of ethylene groups in the main chain as a percentage. The amount of ethylene groups bonded with hydroxyl groups can be measured, for example, in accordance with JIS K6728 "Test Method for Polyvinyl Butyral".

[0086] The degree of acetalization of the above polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably 47 mol% or more, and preferably 85 mol% or less. The degree of acetalization is more preferably 55 mol% or more, further preferably 60 mol% or more, and more preferably 80 mol% or less, further preferably 75 mol% or less.

[0087] It should be noted that in the case where the acetal group is a butyral group and the polyvinyl acetal resin is a polyvinyl butyral resin, the degree of acetalization refers to the degree of butyralization.

[0088] The above-mentioned degree of acetalization is a value obtained by expressing as a percentage the mole fraction calculated by subtracting the amount of ethylene groups bonded with hydroxyl groups and the amount of ethylene groups bonded with acetyl groups from the total amount of ethylene groups in the main chain and dividing the resulting value by the total amount of ethylene groups in the main chain. The degree of acetalization (degree of butyralization) can be calculated, for example, from the results measured by the method in accordance with JIS K6728 "Test Method for Polyvinyl Butyral".

[0089] The degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably 30 mol% or less, more preferably 20 mol% or less, still more preferably 10 mol% or less, and even more preferably 2 mol% or less. If the degree of acetylation is below the above upper limit, the moisture resistance of the interlayer film and the laminated glass becomes higher. In addition, the degree of acetylation is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01 mol% or more, more preferably 0.1 mol% or more.

[0090] The above-mentioned degree of acetylation is a value obtained by expressing as a percentage the mole fraction calculated by dividing the amount of ethylene groups bonded with acetyl groups by the total amount of ethylene groups in the main chain. The amount of ethylene groups bonded with acetyl groups can be measured, for example, in accordance with JIS K6728 "Test Method for Polyvinyl Butyral".

[0091] (Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin)

[0092] As the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, it can be a non-crosslinked ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, and also can be a high-temperature crosslinked ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin. In addition, as the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer saponified products, hydrolyzates of ethylene-vinyl acetate, etc., such ethylene-vinyl acetate modified resin can also be used.

[0093] The vinyl acetate content of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin is preferably 10 to 50% by mass, more preferably 20 to 40% by mass, and the vinyl acetate content is measured in accordance with JIS K 6730 "Test Method for Ethylene / Vinyl Acetate Resin" or JIS K6924-2:1997. By making the vinyl acetate content above these lower limit values, the adhesiveness to glass becomes higher, and the penetration resistance of the laminated glass tends to be good. In addition, by making the vinyl acetate content below these upper limit values, the breaking strength of the interlayer film becomes higher and the impact resistance of the laminated glass becomes good.

[0094] (Ionomer resin)

[0095] As the ionomer resin, there is no particular limitation, and various ionomer resins can be used. Specifically, examples include ethylene-based ionomers, styrene-based ionomers, perfluorocarbon-based ionomers, telechelic ionomers, polyurethane ionomers, etc. Among them, from the aspects of improving the mechanical strength, durability, transparency, etc. of laminated glass and having excellent adhesiveness to glass, ethylene-based ionomers are preferred.

[0096] As the ethylene-based ionomer, the ionomer of an ethylene / unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer is excellent in transparency and toughness, and thus is suitable for use. The ethylene / unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer is a copolymer having at least a structural unit derived from ethylene and a structural unit derived from an unsaturated carboxylic acid, and may also have a structural unit derived from other monomers.

[0097] Examples of the unsaturated carboxylic acid include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, etc., with acrylic acid and methacrylic acid being preferred, and methacrylic acid being particularly preferred. In addition, examples of other monomers include acrylate, methacrylate, 1-butene, etc.

[0098] As for the ethylene / unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer, if all the structural units possessed by the copolymer are set to 100 mol%, it preferably has 75 - 99 mol% of the structural units derived from ethylene and preferably has 1 - 25 mol% of the structural units derived from the unsaturated carboxylic acid.

[0099] The ionomer of the ethylene / unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer is an ionomer resin obtained by neutralizing or crosslinking at least a part of the carboxyl groups possessed by the ethylene / unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer with metal ions, and the neutralization degree of the carboxyl groups is generally 1 - 90%, preferably 5 - 85%.

[0100] Examples of the ion source in the ionomer resin include alkali metals such as lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and polyvalent metals such as magnesium, calcium, zinc, etc., with sodium and zinc being preferred.

[0101] As the manufacturing method of the ionomer resin, there is no particular limitation, and it can be manufactured by using a conventionally known manufacturing method. For example, in the case of using the ionomer of an ethylene-unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer as the ionomer resin, for example, ethylene and an unsaturated carboxylic acid are subjected to radical copolymerization under high temperature and high pressure to manufacture the ethylene-unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer. Then, the ethylene-unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer is reacted with a metal compound containing the above ion source, whereby the ionomer of the ethylene-unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer can be manufactured.

[0102] (Polyurethane resin)

[0103] Examples of the polyurethane resin include polyurethanes obtained by reacting an isocyanate compound with a diol compound, polyurethanes obtained by reacting an isocyanate compound with a diol compound and a chain extender such as a polyamine, etc. Further, the polyurethane resin may also be a resin containing a sulfur atom. In this case, part or all of the above diols may be alcohols selected from polythiols and sulfur-containing polyols. The polyurethane resin enables good adhesion to plexiglass. Therefore, it is suitable for use when the glass plate is plexiglass.

[0104] (Thermoplastic elastomer)

[0105] Examples of the thermoplastic elastomer include styrene-based thermoplastic elastomers and aliphatic polyolefins. There is no particular limitation on the styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer, and known styrene-based thermoplastic elastomers can be used. Styrene-based thermoplastic elastomers generally have a block of a styrene monomer polymer as a hard segment and a block of a conjugated diene compound polymer or its hydrogenated block as a soft segment. Specific examples of the styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer include styrene-isoprene diblock copolymer, styrene-butadiene diblock copolymer, styrene-isoprene-styrene triblock copolymer, styrene-butadiene / isoprene-styrene triblock copolymer, styrene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer, and their hydrogenated products.

[0106] The above aliphatic polyolefin may be a saturated aliphatic polyolefin or an unsaturated aliphatic polyolefin. The above aliphatic polyolefin may be a polyolefin having a chain olefin as a monomer or a polyolefin having a cyclic olefin as a monomer. From the viewpoint of effectively improving the storage stability and sound insulation of the interlayer film, the above aliphatic polyolefin is preferably a saturated aliphatic polyolefin.

[0107] Examples of the material of the above aliphatic polyolefin include ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, trans-2-butene, cis-2-butene, 1-pentene, trans-2-pentene, cis-2-pentene, 1-hexene, trans-2-hexene, cis-2-hexene, trans-3-hexene, cis-3-hexene, 1-heptene, trans-2-heptene, cis-2-heptene, trans-3-heptene, cis-3-heptene, 1-octene, trans-2-octene, cis-2-octene, trans-3-octene, cis-3-octene, trans-4-octene, cis-4-octene, 1-nonene, trans-2-nonene, cis-2-nonene, trans-3-nonene, cis-3-nonene, trans-4-nonene, cis-4-nonene, 1-decene, trans-2-decene, cis-2-decene, trans-3-decene, cis-3-decene, trans-4-decene, cis-4-decene, trans-5-decene, cis-5-decene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, vinylcyclohexane, etc.

[0108] The interlayer film may be a single-layer structure interlayer film composed of a single resin layer, or may have a multi-layer structure including a plurality of resin layers, but a single-layer structure is preferred. Each resin layer constituting the interlayer film may be composed of a resin composition containing the above resin. In addition, the resin composition constituting each resin layer may appropriately contain a plasticizer, a dispersant, a colorant, a metal salt (X), other additives, etc. that are incorporated into the resin as needed.

[0109] When the interlayer film has a multi-layer structure composed of a plurality of resin layers, it may be a two-layer structure formed by laminating two resin layers in the thickness direction, a three-layer structure formed by laminating three resin layers, or a structure formed by laminating four or more resin layers. Among them, a two-layer to five-layer structure is preferred, and a three-layer structure is more preferred.

[0110] The interlayer film has one or two or more resin layers as described above, and each resin layer may contain a colorant. When the interlayer film is composed of multiple layers, the content of the colorant in each resin layer can be adjusted so that the content and ratio (dispersant / colorant) of the colorant in the entire interlayer film fall within the above ranges. Among them, the content and ratio (dispersant / colorant) of the colorant in each resin layer containing the colorant can be within the range of the appropriate content of the above colorant or within the range of the appropriate ratio (dispersant / colorant).

[0111] In addition, when the interlayer film has two or more resin layers, it is not necessary for all resin layers to contain a colorant. Some resin layers may contain a colorant. For example, a resin layer containing a dispersant preferably contains a colorant, especially a pigment. By making the resin layer contain a colorant in addition to the dispersant, it is easier to appropriately disperse the colorant, especially the pigment, in the resin layer by the action of the dispersant.

[0112] The interlayer film has one or two or more resin layers as described above, and each resin layer preferably contains a dispersant. When the interlayer film has a multi-layer structure, the content of the dispersant in each resin layer can be adjusted so that the content of the dispersant in the entire interlayer film falls within the above range. Among them, the content of the dispersant in each resin layer containing the dispersant can be within the range of the appropriate content of the dispersant described above.

[0113] Among them, when the interlayer film has a multi-layer structure, the resin layer constituting at least one surface layer may contain a dispersant, and preferably the resin layers constituting the two surface layers contain a dispersant.

[0114] In the case where the interlayer film has a multilayer structure, by making the resin layer constituting the surface layer contain a dispersant, the impact adhesion value at a water content of 0.4% is easily made to be 1 or more and 7 or less, and the impact adhesion value at a water content of 1.5% is made to be 3 or more and 9 or less by the action of the above-mentioned dispersant.

[0115] In the case where the interlayer film has a single-layer structure, both surfaces of the single-layer resin layer constitute the two surfaces of the interlayer film and become the bonding surfaces with the laminated glass member. Further, in the case where the interlayer film has two or more resin layers, the surface layers constituting each surface of the interlayer film become the bonding surfaces with the laminated glass member described later. In the case where the interlayer film has a two-layer structure, the interlayer film may be composed of two surface layers.

[0116] Further, in the case of a multilayer structure, a middle layer may also be provided between the surface layers. In the case of a three-layer structure, two surface layers and one middle layer provided between the two surface layers may be provided. In the case of a four-layer structure, two surface layers and two middle layers provided between the two surface layers may be provided. Further, in the case of a multilayer structure of five layers or more, two surface layers and three or more middle layers provided between the two surface layers may be provided.

[0117] Further, the interlayer film may have a region with a single-layer structure and a region with a multilayer structure. In the case of a multilayer structure, regions with different numbers of layers may be provided.

[0118] The resin constituting each resin layer in the interlayer film is preferably a thermoplastic resin, and it may be appropriately selected from the resins listed above. The resins constituting each resin layer may be different from each other, but are preferably the same. Therefore, in the case of having a plurality of resin layers, it is preferable that the resins constituting each resin layer are all polyvinyl acetal resin or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, and more preferably all polyvinyl acetal resin.

[0119] [Plasticizer]

[0120] In the case where the interlayer film contains a thermoplastic resin, a plasticizer may also be contained. Since the interlayer film becomes soft due to the inclusion of the plasticizer, as a result, the flexibility of the laminated glass is improved, and the penetration resistance is also improved. In addition, high adhesiveness to the glass plate can also be exhibited. It is particularly effective to contain a plasticizer in the case of using polyvinyl acetal resin as the thermoplastic resin. Therefore, it is more preferable that each resin layer contains polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer.

[0121] Examples of the plasticizer include organic ester plasticizers such as monobasic organic acid esters and polybasic organic acid esters, and phosphorus-based plasticizers such as organic phosphate plasticizers and organic phosphite plasticizers. Among them, organic ester plasticizers are preferred.

[0122] Examples of the organic ester plasticizer include triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate, triethylene glycol dioctanoate, triethylene glycol di-n-octanoate, triethylene glycol di-n-heptanoate, tetraethylene glycol di-n-heptanoate, tetraethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate, dibutyl sebacate, dioctyl azelate, dibutyl carbitol adipate, ethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, 1,3-propanediol di-2-ethylbutyrate, 1,4-butanediol di-2-ethylbutyrate, 1,2-butanediol di-2-ethylbutyrate, diethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, diethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate, dipropylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylvalerate, tetraethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, diethylene glycol dioctanoate, triethylene glycol di-n-heptanoate, tetraethylene glycol di-n-heptanoate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, dihexyl adipate, dioctyl adipate, hexyl cyclohexyl adipate, diisononyl adipate, heptyl nonyl adipate, dibutyl sebacate, oil-modified sebacic alkyd resin, a mixture of a phosphate ester and an adipate ester, a mixed adipate ester, etc. As the mixed adipate ester, an adipate ester made from two or more alcohols selected from alkyl alcohols having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and cyclic alcohols having 4 to 9 carbon atoms can be mentioned.

[0123] Among the above plasticizers, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO) is particularly preferably used.

[0124] The content of the plasticizer in the interlayer film is not particularly limited, and is preferably 10 parts by mass or more and preferably 100 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin. If the content of the plasticizer is 10 parts by mass or more, the laminated glass becomes moderately soft and the penetration resistance and the like become good. In addition, if the content of the plasticizer is 100 parts by mass or less, separation of the plasticizer from the interlayer film can be prevented. The content of the plasticizer is more preferably 20 parts by mass or more, further preferably 30 parts by mass or more, further preferably 35 parts by mass or more, and preferably 70 parts by mass or less, further preferably 63 parts by mass or less.

[0125] The interlayer film has one or two or more resin layers as described above, and each resin layer containing a thermoplastic resin may further contain a plasticizer. When each resin layer contains a plasticizer, the appropriate value of the content of the plasticizer in each resin layer is also the same as the appropriate value of the content of the plasticizer described above.

[0126] The interlayer film is a film mainly composed of a resin or a resin and a plasticizer. The total amount of the thermoplastic resin and the plasticizer in the interlayer film is usually 70% by mass or more, preferably 80% by mass or more, further preferably 90% by mass or more and less than 100% by mass based on the total amount of the interlayer film. By making the above total amount less than 100% by mass, the interlayer film can contain additives such as a colorant and a dispersant.

[0127] It should be noted that in the case where multiple resin layers are provided, each resin layer is also a layer mainly composed of a resin, or a resin and a plasticizer. The total amount of the thermoplastic resin and the plasticizer in each resin layer is usually 70% by mass or more, preferably 80% by mass or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more and less than 100% by mass based on the total amount of each resin layer.

[0128] [Metal salt (X)]

[0129] The interlayer film preferably contains at least one metal salt selected from alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, and magnesium salts (hereinafter sometimes referred to as metal salt (X)). Metal salt (X) is usually used as an adhesion regulator. By making the interlayer film have metal salt (X), the adhesion between the interlayer film and the laminated glass member can be controlled, and it is easy to adjust the impact adhesion value to the desired range described above. Therefore, it is easy to obtain laminated glass with excellent penetration resistance and less likely to cause peeling between the interlayer film and the laminated glass member.

[0130] Metal salt (X) preferably contains at least one metal of K (potassium) and Mg (magnesium). Metal salt (X) is more preferably an alkali metal salt of an organic acid having 2 to 16 carbon atoms or an alkaline earth metal salt of an organic acid having 2 to 16 carbon atoms, and further preferably a magnesium carboxylate salt or a potassium carboxylate salt having 2 to 16 carbon atoms. There is no particular limitation on the magnesium carboxylate salt and the potassium carboxylate salt having 2 to 16 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include magnesium acetate, potassium acetate, magnesium propionate, potassium propionate, magnesium 2-ethylbutyrate, potassium 2-ethylbutyrate, magnesium 2-ethylhexanoate, and potassium 2-ethylhexanoate. Metal salt (X) can be used alone or in combination of two or more. In the case of using two or more in combination, it is preferable to use magnesium acetate and magnesium 2-ethylbutyrate in combination.

[0131] The content of metal salt (X) in the interlayer film is preferably 5 mass ppm or more and 1000 mass ppm or less, more preferably 10 mass ppm or more and 500 mass ppm or less, still more preferably 20 mass ppm or more and 200 mass ppm or less, and particularly preferably 20 mass ppm or more and 100 mass ppm or less based on the amount of the metal element from the metal salt. If the content of metal salt (X) is within the above range, the weather resistance and the like will not be reduced, and the adhesion to the laminated glass member can be appropriately adjusted.

[0132] The interlayer film has one or more than two resin layers as described above, and each resin layer may contain a metal salt (X). When the interlayer film has a multilayer structure, the content of the metal salt (X) in each resin layer can be adjusted so that the content of the metal salt (X) in the entire interlayer film falls within the above range. Among them, the content of the metal salt (X) in each resin layer containing the metal salt (X) can also fall within the range of the above-mentioned appropriate content of the metal salt (X).

[0133] In addition, when the interlayer film has more than two resin layers, the resin layer constituting at least one surface layer may contain a metal salt (X), and preferably the resin layers constituting the two surface layers contain a metal salt (X).

[0134] When the interlayer film is multilayered, by making the resin layers constituting the surface layer, especially the two surface layers, contain a metal salt (X), the adhesion between the interlayer film and the laminated glass member can be controlled, and it is easy to adjust the impact adhesion value to the above-mentioned desired range.

[0135] Therefore, each surface layer in the multilayer-structured interlayer film preferably contains a dispersant as described above. In addition, more preferably, it contains either a colorant or a metal salt (X) in addition to the dispersant, and further preferably, it contains a colorant and a metal salt (X) in addition to the dispersant.

[0136] In addition, in the interlayer film, if necessary, in addition to the above components, it may also contain additives (other additives) such as a heat insulating agent, an ultraviolet absorber, an antioxidant, a light stabilizer, a fluorescent brightening agent, a nucleating agent, etc.

[0137] When the interlayer film contains more than two resin layers, each resin layer may contain other additives as needed.

[0138] [Thickness of the interlayer film]

[0139] The thickness of the interlayer film is preferably 0.2 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less. By making the interlayer film have a thickness of 0.2 mm or more, it is easy to achieve good adhesion to the laminated glass member. In addition, by making the interlayer film have a thickness of 2.0 mm or less, it is possible to prevent the laminated glass from thickening more than necessary. The thickness of the interlayer film is more preferably 0.25 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less, and further preferably 0.3 mm or more and 0.9 mm or less.

[0140] When the interlayer film has a multilayer structure, the thickness of each resin layer can be appropriately adjusted. For example, the thickness of each surface layer of the interlayer film is preferably 0.05 mm or more and 1 mm or less, more preferably 0.1 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less, and further preferably 0.15 mm or more and 0.45 mm or less. It should be noted that the thickness of the interlayer film and the resin layer can be obtained by, for example, 10-point averaging.

[0141] [Visible light transmittance of the interlayer film]

[0142] The visible light transmittance of the interlayer film is preferably 1% or more, more preferably 2% or more, further preferably 10% or more, preferably 90% or less, more preferably 80% or less, further preferably 70% or less, still further preferably 60% or less, and particularly preferably 50% or less. It should be noted that the visible light transmittance of the interlayer film is obtained by measuring laminated glass made by bonding two transparent glass plates via the interlayer film. Specifically, laminated glass is produced by the method described in the examples below, and the laminated glass is measured.

[0143] [Haze value of the interlayer film]

[0144] The haze value of the interlayer film is preferably 0.1% or more, more preferably 0.3% or more, further preferably 0.7% or more, preferably 6% or less, more preferably 4% or less, and further preferably 3% or less. It should be noted that the haze value of the interlayer film is obtained by measuring laminated glass made by bonding two transparent glass plates via the interlayer film. Specifically, it is obtained by measuring using the method described in the examples below.

[0145] [(Haze value of the interlayer film / Content of the colorant)]

[0146] The value obtained by dividing the above-mentioned haze value of the interlayer film by the content of the colorant in the interlayer film is, for example, 5 or more, preferably 10 or more, more preferably 20 or more. In addition, it is preferably less than 95, more preferably less than 70, and further preferably less than 60.

[0147] (Manufacturing method of the interlayer film)

[0148] The interlayer film of the present invention is not particularly limited. In the case where the interlayer film has a single-layer structure, for example, components constituting the interlayer film such as resin, colorant, and dispersant, plasticizer, metal salt (X), and other additives as required can be mixed, and the obtained resin composition can be subjected to extrusion molding, compression molding, etc. to carry out molding.

[0149] Here, from the viewpoint of improving the dispersibility in the resin composition, the colorant can preferably be mixed with the resin in a state of being made into a dispersion liquid containing the colorant and the dispersant, and can be more preferably incorporated into the plasticizer. After being dispersed in the plasticizer by the dispersant, it is mixed with the resin in the form of a dispersion liquid. By sufficiently dispersing the colorant in the plasticizer in advance when incorporating the colorant into the resin composition, it is possible to prevent the colorant from aggregating in the interlayer film and to appropriately disperse it in the interlayer film.

[0150] The method of dispersing a colorant in a plasticizer is not particularly limited, and the following methods can be mentioned: adding a dispersant and a colorant to the plasticizer, and using a dispersing device such as a bead mill, a sand mixer, a roll mill, a ball mill, a jet mill, a paint shaker, a microfluidic homogenizer, a high-speed impeller, a sand mill, a jet mixer, a high-pressure wet atomization device, an ultrasonic dispersing device, etc. for dispersion.

[0151] In addition, in the case of using two or more kinds of colorants, a dispersion liquid can be prepared separately for each colorant, or a dispersion liquid containing two or more kinds of colorants can be prepared.

[0152] The ratio of the colorant to the dispersant in each dispersion liquid is preferably adjusted so as to be within the above-mentioned ratio (content of dispersant / content of colorant) also in the dispersion liquid.

[0153] In the case where the intermediate film has a multilayer structure, it can be formed in the same manner as in the case of a single-layer structure, such as by extrusion molding or compression molding. In the case of a multilayer structure, a resin composition for forming each resin layer can be prepared in the same manner as in the case of a single-layer structure, each resin layer can be formed using the resin composition, and a plurality of resin layers can be laminated to obtain the intermediate film.

[0154] In the case of a multilayer structure, extrusion molding is also preferred, and among them, coextrusion is more preferred. In the coextrusion method, the resin compositions for forming each resin layer can be coextruded to obtain an intermediate film having a multilayer structure.

[0155] <Laminated glass>

[0156] The present invention also provides a laminated glass. The laminated glass of the present invention includes a first laminated glass member, a second laminated glass member, and an intermediate film for laminated glass of the present invention, and the intermediate film for laminated glass is disposed between the first laminated glass member and the second laminated glass member. The first laminated glass member and the second laminated glass member are bonded via the intermediate film. One surface of the intermediate film is bonded to the first laminated glass member, and the other surface is bonded to the second laminated glass member.

[0157] The laminated glass can be manufactured as follows: The above-mentioned intermediate film is disposed between the first laminated glass member and the second laminated glass member, and they are pressed together or the like to be integrated.

[0158] (The first and second laminated glass members)

[0159] As the first and second interlayer glass members used in laminated glass, glass plates can be used. As the glass plates, any glass of inorganic glass or organic glass can be used, but inorganic glass is preferred. As the inorganic glass, there is no particular limitation, and examples thereof include transparent glass, float glass plate, polished glass plate, embossed glass, wired glass plate, wired glass sheet, raw glass, etc.

[0160] In addition, as the organic glass, the glass generally referred to as acrylic glass is usually used. There is no particular limitation, and examples thereof include acrylic glass made of resins such as polycarbonate, acrylic resin, acrylic copolymer resin, and polyester.

[0161] The first and second interlayer glass members may be made of the same material as each other, or may be made of other materials. For example, the first interlayer glass member may be inorganic glass and the second interlayer glass member may be organic glass, but it is preferred that both the first and second glass members are inorganic glass or both are organic glass.

[0162] In addition, the thickness of the first and second interlayer glass members is not particularly limited. For example, it is about 0.1 to 15 mm, preferably 0.5 to 5 mm. The thicknesses of the first and second interlayer glass members may be the same as each other or different, but are preferably the same.

[0163] The laminated glass of the present invention can be used as window glass for various vehicles such as automobiles, aircraft, ships, buildings, etc., and is preferably used as automotive laminated glass. The automotive laminated glass can be any of windshield glass, side window glass, rear glass, roof glass.

[0164] Examples

[0165] The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited by any of these examples.

[0166] The measurement method and evaluation method in this example are as follows.

[0167] [Molecular weight of dispersant]

[0168] For the dispersant, the weight-average molecular weight was measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) (apparatus: "APC system" manufactured by Waters Corporation, column: "ACQIUTY APC XT125-X145-XT45 each 4.6 mm Φ × 150 mm" manufactured by Waters Corporation). In addition, the eluent was THF, the detector was RI, and the standard sample was polystyrene.

[0169] [Thickness of interlayer film]

[0170] The intermediate film was measured using a micrometer ("OMV-50MX" manufactured by Mitutoyo Corporation) or a microscope ("DSX500" manufactured by OLYMPUS Corporation).

[0171] [Visible light transmittance]

[0172] Using a spectrophotometer ("U-4100" manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Corporation), in accordance with JIS R3211 (1998), the visible light transmittance of the obtained laminated glass at wavelengths of 380 to 780 nm was measured. It should be noted that the visible light transmittance of the intermediate film was measured for the laminated glass made by bonding two transparent glass plates through the intermediate film using the method described in the following examples. In addition, the transparent glass plates used in the measurement of the visible light transmittance of the intermediate film were obtained in accordance with JIS R3202 (2011) (visible light transmittance is 90.4%, manufactured by Central Glass Company).

[0173] [Impact adhesion value]

[0174] For the intermediate films obtained in the examples and comparative examples, the moisture content was adjusted to 0.4% and 1.5%. It should be noted that for the intermediate film used to measure the impact adhesion value, in the part that becomes the central part of the following laminated glass, in accordance with JIS K 7251, the moisture content was measured by the B method - moisture gasification method, and the average value of two points was obtained to confirm that the moisture content had reached the above values. Using the intermediate films with the moisture content adjusted to 0.4% and 1.5% respectively, laminated glass was made as described in the following examples.

[0175] The obtained laminated glass was placed at a temperature of -18°C ± 0.6°C for 16 hours, and one side half (a part with a length of 150 mm × a width of 150 mm) of the laminated glass was struck with a hammer with a head of 0.45 kg until the particle size of the glass was 6 mm or less. Then, the glass peeled off from the intermediate film was removed, and the exposure degree of the intermediate film exposed due to the peeling of the glass from the intermediate film was measured, and the impact adhesion value was obtained according to Table 1 below. The front and back were measured for two samples of laminated glass, and the average value of the four measured values obtained was used as the impact adhesion value.

[0176] In addition, the value obtained by subtracting the impact adhesion value at a moisture content of 0.4% from the impact adhesion value at a moisture content of 1.5% was calculated and evaluated according to the following criteria.

[0177] A ··· 3 or more

[0178] B ··· 0 or more and less than 3

[0179] C ··· less than 0

[0180] [Table 1]

[0181] (Area %) of the intermediate film Impact adhesion value 95 < Exposure ≤ 100 1 90 < Exposure ≤ 95 1.5 85 < Exposure ≤ 90 2 70 < Exposure ≤ 85 2.5 60 < Exposure ≤ 70 3 50 < Exposure ≤ 60 3.5 40 < Exposure ≤ 50 4 30 < Exposure ≤ 40 4.5 20 < Exposure ≤ 30 5 15 < Exposure ≤ 20 5.5 10 < Exposure ≤ 15 6 7.5 < Exposure ≤ 10 6.5 5 < Exposure ≤ 7.5 7 3.5 < Exposure ≤ 5 7.5 2 < Exposure ≤ 3.5 8 1 < Exposure ≤ 2 8.5 0 ≤ Exposure ≤ 1 9

[0182] [Haze value]

[0183] Using a haze transmissometer (“HM-150” manufactured by Murakami Color Research Institute, Ltd.), the haze value of the interlayer film was measured according to the measurement method described in JIS K7105-1981. It should be noted that the haze value of the interlayer film was obtained by measuring the laminated glass formed by bonding two transparent glass plates through the interlayer film using the method described in the following examples. In addition, the transparent glass plates used in the measurement of the haze value of the interlayer film were obtained in accordance with JIS R3202 (2011) (visible light transmittance: 90.4%, manufactured by Central Glass Co., Ltd.).

[0184] The value was calculated by dividing the haze value (%) by the pigment content (mass %), and the evaluation was carried out according to the following criteria.

[0185] A... Less than 70

[0186] B... 70 or more and less than 95

[0187] C... 95 or more

[0188] It should be noted that the respective components used in the examples and comparative examples are as described below.

[0189] (1) Resin

[0190] PVB: Polyvinyl butyral resin, degree of acetalization: 69 mol%, amount of hydroxyl groups: 30 mol%, degree of acetylation: 1 mol%, average degree of polymerization of PVA used in synthesis: 1700

[0191] (2) Plasticizer

[0192] 3GO: Triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate

[0193] (3) Pigment

[0194] PR209: Pigment Red 209 (CAS No. 3573-01-1), quinacridone-based pigment, red pigment

[0195] PY150: Pigment Yellow 150 (CAS No. 68511-62-6), nickel complex azo-based pigment

[0196] PB15-3: Pigment Blue 15-3 (CAS No. 147-14-8), copper phthalocyanine-based pigment

[0197] PG7: Pigment Green 7 (CAS No. 1328-53-6), copper phthalocyanine-based pigment

[0198] Pbla7: Pigment Black 7 (CAS No. 1333-86-4), carbon black pigment

[0199] PB15-1: Pigment Blue 15-1 (CAS No. 147-14-8), copper phthalocyanine-based pigment

[0200] PR149: Pigment Red 149 (CAS No. 4948-15-6), perylene-based pigment

[0201] (4) Dispersant

[0202] a: "DISPERBYK-2009" manufactured by BYK, modified acrylic block copolymer, alkaline, weight average molecular weight: 3000

[0203] b: "ANTI-TERRA-204" manufactured by BYK, polyaminoamide polycarboxylate

[0204] c: "Newpole PE61" manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd., weight average molecular weight: 2900

[0205] (5) Metal salt (X)

[0206] Mg salt: A 50:50 (mass ratio) mixture of magnesium 2-ethylbutyrate and magnesium acetate

[0207] [Example 1]

[0208] (Production of intermediate film)

[0209] For polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB), a plasticizer, a dispersant, a colorant, and a metal salt (X) were kneaded using an extruder in such a manner as to achieve the formulation shown in Table 2, and a resin composition was obtained. The obtained resin composition was extruded to obtain an intermediate film with a thickness of 760 μm.

[0210] (Production of laminated glass)

[0211] Two pieces of transparent glass with dimensions of 300 mm in length × 150 mm in width × 2.5 mm in thickness were prepared. As the transparent glass, the one conforming to JIS R3202 (2011) was used (visible light transmittance: 90.4%, manufactured by Central Glass Co., Ltd.). The intermediate film obtained above was kept under the humidity conditioning conditions of 23°C and 23% RH for 12 hours (when the moisture content was 0.4%) or 50°C and 95% RH for 20 minutes (when the moisture content was 1.5%). After confirming that the moisture content had become 0.4% or 1.5%, it was clamped between the two pieces of transparent glass to form a laminate. The obtained laminate was temporarily pressed using a heating roller at 170°C. Using an autoclave, the temporarily pressed laminate was pressed under the conditions of 140°C and a pressure of 1.3 MPa for 20 minutes to form laminated glass.

[0212] [Examples 2 - 12 and Comparative Examples 1 - 2]

[0213] The formulation in each intermediate film was adjusted as shown in Tables 2 and 3. Other than that, it was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0214] [Table 2]

[0215] Table 2

[0216]

[0217] [Table 3]

[0218] Table 3

[0219]

[0220] As shown in Tables 2 and 3, in each example, by adjusting the formulation of the intermediate film, the impact adhesion value was 1 or more and 7 or less when the moisture content was 0.4%, and 3 or more and 9 or less when the moisture content was 1.5%. As a result, even when the moisture content of the intermediate film becomes high, a decrease in the impact adhesion value of the intermediate film can be suppressed, and peeling between the intermediate film and the laminated glass member can be prevented.

[0221] In contrast, in the comparative examples, the impact adhesion value was less than 3 when the moisture content was 1.5%. Therefore, if the moisture content of the intermediate film becomes high, the impact adhesion value of the intermediate film decreases significantly, and peeling between the intermediate film and the laminated glass member cannot be prevented.

Claims

1. An interlayer film for laminated glass, which contains a colorant, The impact adhesion value at a water content of 0.4% is 1 or more and 7 or less, The impact adhesion value at a water content of 1.5% is 3 or more and 9 or less.

2. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the value obtained by subtracting the impact adhesion value at a water content of 0.4% from the impact adhesion value at a water content of 1.5% is 0 or more.

3. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1, which contains a thermoplastic resin.

4. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1, which further contains a dispersant.

5. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 4, wherein the dispersant contains at least one dispersant selected from acrylic dispersants, amine dispersants, urethane dispersants, and carboxylic acid dispersants.

6. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 4, wherein the dispersant contains two or more dispersants.

7. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 6, wherein the dispersant contains a first dispersant and a second dispersant having a lower molecular weight than the first dispersant, and the ratio of the content of the second dispersant to the content of the first dispersant is 1 / 100 or more and 30 / 100 or less on a mass basis.

8. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 4, wherein the dispersant contains a dispersant having a molecular weight of 2500 or more.

9. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 4, wherein the content of the dispersant in the interlayer film for laminated glass is 0.001% by mass or more and 0.1% by mass or less.

10. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 4, wherein the ratio of the content of the dispersant to the content of the colorant, i.e., the content of the dispersant / the content of the colorant, is 0.01 or more and 1.0 or less.

11. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1, which contains at least one metal salt selected from alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, and magnesium salts.

12. A laminated glass, which includes a first laminated glass member, a second laminated glass member, and the interlayer film for laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 11, and the interlayer film for laminated glass is disposed between the first laminated glass member and the second laminated glass member.

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