Seed fertilizer transportation and supply trailer

Abstract

The invention discloses a seed fertilizer transportation and supply trailer, and aims to solve the problems that manual seed fertilizer transportation and supply operation efficiency is low, production cost is increased, and spiral conveying equipment supply damages and breaks seeds and fertilizers. Two racks of the trailer are symmetrically, vertically and fixedly installed on a chassis frame in the longitudinal direction, the upper portion of a material box is in a cuboid shape, the lower portion of the material box is in a four-face conical hopper shape, the bottom edge of the cuboid of the upper portion of the material box is fixedly installed at the upper ends of the two racks, and a discharging device is arranged at the bottom of one transverse side face of the conical hopper of the lower portion of the material box. The swing mechanism is hinged to the chassis frame in a horizontal swing mode, the conveyor is hinged to the swing mechanism, an inlet of the conveyor corresponds to the discharging device, and a roller shutter mechanism is arranged at an opening in the upper portion of the material box. The device is suitable for rapid seed and fertilizer supply in the field operation process of the seeder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to an agricultural seed-fertilizer transportation and field supply equipment, especially a seed-fertilizer transportation and supply trailer. Background Art

[0002] The machine-seeding area of corn, soybean, and wheat in the whole country is 6,555,700 hectares, and the total number of various seeding machines in the whole country is 5.57 million. There are a large number of seeding machine operations every year in the whole country. As the seeding link, it is very important to improve the seeding efficiency and seize the time for seeding. A large amount of seeds and fertilizers are needed for seeding operations. The transportation and supply of seeds and fertilizers are important auxiliary tasks. At present, the transportation and supply of seeds and fertilizers for seeding machines in field operations still adopt the traditional mechanical plus manual method. The machinery used is generally the existing tractor towing trailer or engineering forklift to transport seeds and fertilizers to the field, and then manually assist in supplying seeds and fertilizers to the seeding machine; there are also grain trucks used to transport and supply seeds and fertilizers. Since the grain truck uses a screw conveyor to supply seeds and fertilizers to the seeding machine, the rotating blades of the screw conveyor damage the seeds and fertilizers. The problems existing in the above-mentioned seed-fertilizer supply methods are: the manual handling and supplying of seeds and fertilizers have low operation efficiency, are time-consuming and laborious, increase production costs, and the screw conveyor supply damages and breaks the seeds and fertilizers. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a seed-fertilizer transportation and supply trailer that does not damage or break seeds and fertilizers, has high operation efficiency, and low production costs in view of the above-mentioned problems.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The seed-fertilizer transportation and supply trailer of the present invention includes a chassis frame, a towing frame provided at the front end of the chassis frame, a hydraulic system provided on the towing frame, and an electrical control system. It also includes a frame, a material box, a swinging mechanism, a conveyor, a discharge device, and a rolling curtain mechanism. Two frames are symmetrically and vertically fixed on the chassis frame longitudinally. The upper part of the material box is in the shape of a cuboid, and the lower part of the material box is in the shape of a four-sided cone hopper. The bottom edge of the upper cuboid of the material box is fixed at the upper ends of the two frames. The discharge device is arranged at the bottom of the transverse side of the lower cone hopper of the material box. Below the material box, the swinging mechanism is horizontally swingably hinged on the chassis frame, the conveyor is hinged on the swinging mechanism, the inlet of the conveyor corresponds to the discharge device, and a rolling curtain mechanism is arranged at the upper opening of the material box.

[0005] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the swing mechanism includes a swing arm, a lifting oil cylinder, a swing seat, a horizontal hinge shaft, a swing driver, and a rotary driver. The swing driver is fixedly installed on the chassis frame, and the flange of the vertical output shaft of the swing driver fixedly installs the swing seat. One end of the swing arm is arranged on the swing seat through the horizontal hinge shaft. The cylinder end of the lifting oil cylinder is hinged to the swing seat, and the piston rod end of the lifting oil cylinder is hinged to the swing arm, so that the other end of the swing arm is in an upwardly inclined state. The other end of the swing arm fixedly installs the rotary driver, and the flange of the output shaft of the rotary driver fixedly installs the conveyor. The conveyor adopts a multi-layer cloth rubber baffle belt.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the discharging device includes a material door, a telescopic oil cylinder, a material door seat, and a slideway. Two discharging ports are arranged side by side at the bottom of one lateral side of the conical hopper. The two discharging ports are provided with the material door seat. Slideways are symmetrically arranged on both sides of each discharging port respectively. Two material doors are slidably arranged in the slideways of each discharging port respectively. The cylinder bodies of the two telescopic oil cylinders are fixedly installed on the material door seat, and the piston rod ends of the two telescopic oil cylinders are respectively connected to the two material doors. A material box partition is vertically arranged in the material box. The lower end of the material box partition touches the bottom of the lower conical hopper of the material box and is located between the two material doors. The material box partition divides the material box into two front and rear compartments.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the swing driver includes a worm and gear reducer and a hydraulic motor. The worm and gear reducer is fixedly installed on the chassis frame, and the flange of the vertical output turbine shaft of the worm and gear reducer fixedly installs the swing seat. The hydraulic motor is connected to the horizontal input worm shaft of the worm and gear reducer; the rotary driver includes a worm and gear reducer and a hydraulic motor. The worm and gear reducer is fixedly installed at the other end of the swing arm, and the flange of the output turbine shaft of the worm and gear reducer fixedly installs the conveyor. The hydraulic motor is connected to the input worm shaft of the worm and gear reducer.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two positioning seats are symmetrically arranged along the longitudinal direction on the sides of the two frames. A catch iron extends downward on the swing arm. In the shutdown or seed and fertilizer transportation state, the swing mechanism drives the conveyor to be longitudinally supported and docked on one of the positioning seats through the swing arm, and is fixed by clamping the catch iron on the positioning seat.

[0009] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the seed and fertilizer transportation and supply trailer provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: The feed box of the present invention is vertically provided with a feed box partition, which divides the feed box into two front and rear compartments, one of which is loaded with fertilizer and the other is loaded with seeds; a discharger is arranged at the bottom of a horizontal side surface of the cone bucket at the lower part of the feed box, and below the feed box, a swing mechanism is hingedly arranged on the chassis frame in a horizontal swinging manner, and a conveyor is hingedly arranged on the swing mechanism, and the entrance of the conveyor corresponds to the discharger. During the seed and fertilizer replenishment operation, the tractor tows the seed and fertilizer transport and supply trailer to the operation point of the seeder, opens the discharger material door corresponding to the seed compartment, and the conveyor starts to replenish seeds to the seed box of the seeder, and the swing mechanism is controlled to swing horizontally to make the conveyor discharge port align with each seed box in turn for replenishment. After the seed replenishment is completed, the discharger material door corresponding to the fertilizer compartment is opened, and the conveyor starts to replenish fertilizer to the fertilizer box of the seeder, thereby reducing the workload of manual handling in the replenishment process, shortening the seed and fertilizer replenishment time, increasing the operation time of the seeder, and improving the efficiency of the sowing operation. The conveyor adopts a multi-layer cloth rubber baffle belt, and the crushed seeds and fertilizers will not be damaged during the conveying process. The other end of the swing arm is fixed with a rotary driver, and the rotary driver output shaft flange is fixed with the conveyor, so that the rotary driver drives the conveyor to rotate through the hydraulic motor, so that the inlet of the conveyor is turned to the outside, and the outlet of the conveyor is turned to the top of the material box, and the conveyor is started to load seeds and fertilizers to the material box autonomously, eliminating the need for loading equipment and reducing production costs. Therefore, the effects of not damaging the crushed seeds and fertilizers, high operating efficiency and low production costs are achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 It is a structural front view of the seed fertilizer transport and supply trailer of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A top view of Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Side view of Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Sectional view along line AA; Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of middle Ⅰ; Figure 6 yes Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of middle Ⅱ; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the operation state of the fertilizer transport and supply trailer of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the loading state of the seed fertilizer transport and supply trailer of the present invention.

[0011] In the figure: chassis frame 1; towing frame 2; hydraulic system 3; frame 4; material box 5; material door 6; positioning seat 7; swing arm 8; conveyor 9; rolling curtain mechanism 10; lifting oil cylinder 11; material box partition 12; swing seat 13; horizontal hinge shaft 14; swing drive 15; slewing drive 16; telescopic oil cylinder 17; material door seat 18; slideway 19. Detailed implementation mode

[0012] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation modes: As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, a structural schematic diagram of a preferred implementation scheme of the fertilizer and seed transportation and supply trailer of the present invention is given, including a chassis frame 1 and a towing frame 2 arranged at the front end of the chassis frame 1, a hydraulic system 3 arranged on the towing frame 2, and an electrical control system. It also includes a frame 4, a material box 5, a swing mechanism, a conveyor 9, a discharging device, and a rolling curtain mechanism 10. Two frames 4 are vertically and symmetrically fixedly installed on the chassis frame 1 along the longitudinal direction. The upper part of the material box 5 is in the shape of a cuboid, and the lower part of the material box 5 is in the shape of a four-sided cone hopper. The bottom edge of the cuboid at the upper part of the material box 5 is fixedly installed at the upper ends of the two frames 4. The discharging device is arranged at the bottom of the transverse side of the lower cone hopper of the material box 5. Below the material box 5, the swing mechanism is horizontally swingably hinged to the chassis frame 1, and the conveyor 9 is hinged to the swing mechanism. The inlet of the conveyor 9 corresponds to the discharging device, and a rolling curtain mechanism 10 is arranged at the upper opening of the material box 5.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, the swing mechanism includes a swing arm 8, a lifting oil cylinder 11, a swing seat 13, a horizontal hinge shaft 14, a swing drive 15, and a slewing drive 16. The swing drive 15 is fixedly installed on the chassis frame 1, and the flange of the vertical output shaft of the swing drive 15 fixedly installs the swing seat 13. One end of the swing arm 8 is arranged on the swing seat 13 through the horizontal hinge shaft 14. The cylinder end of the lifting oil cylinder 11 is hinged to the swing seat 13, and the piston rod end of the lifting oil cylinder 11 is hinged to the swing arm 8, so that the other end of the swing arm 8 is in an upward inclined state. The other end of the swing arm 8 fixedly installs the slewing drive 16, and the flange of the output shaft of the slewing drive 16 fixedly installs the conveyor 9. The conveyor 9 adopts a multi-layer cloth rubber baffle belt.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the discharger includes a feed door 6, a telescopic oil cylinder 17, a feed door seat 18, and a slideway 19. Two discharge openings are arranged in parallel at the bottom of one side of the conical hopper in the transverse direction. A feed door seat 18 is arranged at the two discharge openings. Slideways 19 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of each discharge opening. Two feed doors 6 are slidably arranged in the slideways 19 of each discharge opening respectively. The cylinder bodies of two telescopic oil cylinders 17 are fixedly installed on the feed door seat 18, and the piston rod ends of the two telescopic oil cylinders 17 are respectively connected to the two feed doors 6. A feed box partition 12 is vertically arranged in the feed box 5. The lower end of the feed box partition 12 contacts the bottom of the lower conical hopper of the feed box 5 and is located between the two feed doors 6. The feed box partition 12 divides the feed box 5 into two front and rear compartments.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 shown, the swing drive 15 includes a worm and gear reducer and a hydraulic motor. The worm and gear reducer is fixedly installed on the chassis frame 1. The flange of the vertical output turbine shaft of the worm and gear reducer is fixedly installed on the swing seat 13. The hydraulic motor is connected to the horizontal input worm shaft of the worm and gear reducer. The slewing drive 16 includes a worm and gear reducer and a hydraulic motor. The worm and gear reducer is fixedly installed at the other end of the swing arm 8. The flange of the output turbine shaft of the worm and gear reducer is fixedly installed with the conveyor 9. The hydraulic motor is connected to the input worm shaft of the worm and gear reducer.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 shown, two positioning seats 7 are symmetrically arranged along the longitudinal direction on the sides of the two frames 4. A clamping iron 20 extends downward on the swing arm 8. In the shutdown or seed and fertilizer transportation state, the swing mechanism drives the conveyor 9 to be longitudinally supported and docked on one of the positioning seats 7 through the swing arm 8 and is fixed by clamping the positioning seat 7 with the clamping iron 20.

[0017] The seed and fertilizer transportation and supply trailer of the present invention belongs to an auxiliary equipment for efficient operation of a seeder. Its working principle is: under the traction of a supporting tractor, it completes the operations of loading, transporting, and supplying seeds and fertilizers. The seed and fertilizer transportation and supply trailer does not need to be equipped with a feeding device and can load seeds and fertilizers into the feed box 5 by itself through the conveyor 9, as Figure 3 , Figure 8As shown in the figure, a bin partition 12 is provided inside the bin 5 to divide the bin 5 into two chambers along the front and back. The two chambers are respectively loaded with seeds and fertilizers. When loading seeds and fertilizers, the tractor pulls the trailer unit to the seed and fertilizer warehouse. After the unit stops stably, the electrical control system is started to control the lifting oil cylinder 11 to lift so that the conveyor 9 rises to an appropriate swinging height. The hydraulic motor of the swinging driver 15 is started to work, driving the swinging arm 8 of the swinging mechanism to drive the conveyor 9 to swing to the left side of the unit until it reaches the vertical position. Then the hydraulic motor of the slewing driver 16 is started to work, driving the conveyor 9 to rotate 180° from the initial position, so that the material dropping port on the conveyor 9 is above the top of the bin 5. At this time, the conveyor 9 is started. After the multi-layer cloth rubber baffle belt of the conveyor 9 runs stably, materials are added to the lower end inlet of the conveyor 9. After the seed chamber is full, the conveyor 9 is rotated to the fertilizer chamber until the fertilizer chamber is full and the loading is completed, and the conveyor 9 is retracted to the initial position for transportation to the field.

[0018] During the seed and fertilizer replenishment: As Figure 7 shown, it is a schematic diagram of the operation state of the trailer for transporting and replenishing seeds and fertilizers. After the tractor towing unit travels to the operation position of the field seeder, when adjusting the best replenishment position of the unit relative to the seeder and stopping stably, the electrical control system is started to control the lifting oil cylinder 11 to lift so that the conveyor 9 rises to an appropriate swinging height. The hydraulic motor of the swinging driver 15 is started to work, driving the swinging arm 8 of the swinging mechanism to drive the conveyor 9 to swing to the left side of the unit. When the discharge port of the conveyor 9 swings above the fertilizer box or seed box of the seeder, the swinging stops. At this time, the conveyor 9 is started. After the multi-layer cloth rubber baffle belt of the conveyor 9 runs stably, the discharger at the bottom of the lateral side of the lower cone hopper of the bin 5 is started. As Figure 1 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 7 shown, by controlling the piston rod of the telescopic oil cylinder 17 corresponding to the seed chamber of the discharger to retract to open the feed door 6, the seeds start to discharge and fall to the inlet of the conveyor 9, and seeds are replenished to each seed box of the seeder. During the process of replenishing seeds, the swinging mechanism can be started in due course to drive the conveyor 9 to reach the ideal position until the seed replenishment is completed, and then the piston rod of the telescopic oil cylinder 17 is controlled to extend to close the feed door 6; by controlling the piston rod of the telescopic oil cylinder 17 corresponding to the fertilizer chamber of the discharger to retract to open the feed door 6, the fertilizer starts to discharge and fall to the inlet of the conveyor 9, and fertilizer is replenished to the fertilizer box of the seeder. During the process of replenishing fertilizer, the swinging mechanism can be started in due course to drive the conveyor 9 to reach the ideal position until the fertilizer replenishment is completed, and then the piston rod of the telescopic oil cylinder 17 is controlled to extend to close the feed door 6. After the processes of replenishing seeds and fertilizers are completed, the conveyor 9 is retracted in the reverse direction.

[0019] During the operation process, manual handling is not required, which shortens the seed and fertilizer replenishment time, saves time and effort, increases the operation time of the seeder, and improves the seeding operation efficiency. The conveyor uses a multi-layer cloth rubber baffle belt, and the seeds and fertilizers will not be damaged or broken during the transportation process.

[0020] The present invention is applicable to the rapid replenishment of seeds and fertilizers during the field operation of a seeding machine.

Claims

1. A seed fertilizer transport and supply trailer, comprising a chassis frame (1) and a traction frame (2) arranged at the front end of the chassis frame (1), a hydraulic system (3) arranged on the traction frame (2), and an electrical control system, characterized in that: It also includes a frame (4), a material box (5), a swing mechanism, a conveyor (9), a discharger, and a rolling mechanism (10). The two frames (4) are vertically fixed on the chassis frame (1) in a longitudinally symmetrical manner. The upper part of the material box (5) is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and the lower part of the material box (5) is in the shape of a four-sided cone bucket. The bottom edge of the upper rectangular parallelepiped of the material box (5) is fixed on the upper ends of the two frames (4). The discharger is arranged at the bottom of a lateral side of the cone bucket at the lower part of the material box (5). Below the material box (5), the swing mechanism is hingedly arranged on the chassis frame (1) in a horizontal swinging manner. The conveyor (9) is hingedly arranged on the swing mechanism. The entrance of the conveyor (9) corresponds to the discharger. The rolling mechanism (10) is arranged at the upper opening of the material box (5).

2. The seed fertilizer transport and supply trailer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing mechanism comprises a swing arm (8), a lifting cylinder (11), a swing seat (13), a horizontal hinge shaft (14), a swing driver (15), and a slewing driver (16). The swing driver (15) is fixedly mounted on the chassis frame (1). The vertical output shaft flange of the swing driver (15) is fixedly mounted on the swing seat (13). One end of the swing arm (8) is arranged on the swing seat (13) through the horizontal hinge shaft (14). The cylinder end of the lifting cylinder (11) is hingedly mounted on the swing seat (13). The piston rod end of the lifting cylinder (11) is hingedly mounted on the swing arm (8) so that the other end of the swing arm (8) is in an upwardly tilted state. The other end of the swing arm (8) is fixedly mounted on the slewing driver (16). The output shaft flange of the slewing driver (16) is fixedly mounted on the conveyor (9). The conveyor (9) adopts a multi-layer cloth rubber baffle belt.

3. The seed fertilizer transport and supply trailer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The discharger comprises a material door (6), a telescopic oil cylinder (17), a material door seat (18), and a slideway (19). Two discharge ports are arranged in parallel at the bottom of a lateral side of the cone bucket. The two discharge ports are provided with a material door seat (18). Slideways (19) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of each discharge port. The two material doors (6) are slidably arranged in the slideways (19) of each discharge port. The cylinder bodies of the two telescopic oil cylinders (17) are fixedly mounted on the material door seat (18). The piston rod ends of the two telescopic oil cylinders (17) are respectively connected to the two material doors (6). A material box partition (12) is vertically arranged in the material box (5). The lower end of the material box partition (12) contacts the bottom of the cone bucket at the bottom of the material box (5) and is located between the two material doors (6). The material box partition (12) divides the material box (5) into two front and rear compartments.

4. The seed fertilizer transport and supply trailer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The swing drive (15) comprises a worm gear reducer and a hydraulic motor. The worm gear reducer is fixedly mounted on the chassis frame (1). The vertical output turbine shaft of the worm gear reducer is flange-fixedly mounted on the swing seat (13). The hydraulic motor is connected to the horizontal input worm shaft of the worm gear reducer. The rotary drive (16) comprises a worm gear reducer and a hydraulic motor. The worm gear reducer is fixedly mounted on the other end of the swing arm (8). The output turbine shaft of the worm gear reducer is flange-fixedly mounted on the conveyor (9). The hydraulic motor is connected to the input worm shaft of the worm gear reducer.

5. The seed fertilizer transport and supply trailer according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two positioning seats (7) are symmetrically arranged on the sides of the two frames (4) along the longitudinal direction, and a clamping iron (20) extending downward is arranged on the swing arm (8). When the machine is stopped or in a fertilizer transporting state, the swing mechanism drives the conveyor (9) to be supported and docked on one of the positioning seats (7) along the longitudinal direction through the swing arm (8), and is clamped and fixed on the positioning seat (7) through the clamping iron (20).

Images