Harvesting and threshing machine for agricultural crops

Abstract

The harvesting and threshing machine comprises two side plates which are oppositely arranged, a threshing part is arranged at the rear end between the two side plates, a threshing roller is rotationally arranged in the threshing part, an opening is formed in the front side of the threshing part, and a clamping and lifting part is arranged at the opening; the clamping grain lifting part comprises a mounting part connected with the threshing part, a plurality of clamping grain lifting bodies which are adjacent in sequence are arranged on the mounting part, a discharging opening is formed in the rear side of the threshing part, a transverse cutting knife assembly is arranged on the lower side of the clamping grain lifting part, a roller is rotationally arranged on one side plate, and the other side plate is rotationally arranged on the other side plate. A vertical cutter assembly is arranged on the side plate provided with the roller. The rape harvester has the advantages that rape on the side face of the harvester can be stably fed into the harvester to be harvested and threshed, and therefore the rape on the side face of the harvester can be effectively harvested.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, and specifically relates to a threshing machine for agricultural crops. Background Art

[0002] Rapeseed belongs to the cruciferous family and Brassica genus, and is an annual or biennial herbaceous crop. Its stem is erect and branched, and only a few scattered bristles are present on the young leaves; the middle and upper leaves change from oblong-elliptic to lanceolate; the flowers are in corymbose shape, the sepals are ovate, and the petals are light yellow; the fruit is linear and poisonous; the seeds are spherical, yellowish-brown, and often black near the hilum. The flowering period is from March to April, and the fruiting period is from April to May.

[0003] Rapeseed planters generally use a rapeseed cutter to harvest rapeseed after it has matured. However, when the existing threshing machines are cutting, they cannot smoothly feed the rapeseed on their sides into the machine for harvesting and threshing, so they cannot effectively collect the rapeseed on the sides, and in severe cases, the machine may get stuck. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and propose a threshing machine for agricultural crops, which can smoothly feed the rapeseed on the side of the machine into the machine for harvesting and threshing, so as to effectively harvest the rapeseed on the side of the machine.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A threshing machine for agricultural crops includes two oppositely arranged side plates. A threshing part is arranged at the rear end between the two side plates. A threshing roller is rotatably arranged in the threshing part. The front side of the threshing part is open, and a clamping and supporting part is arranged at the opening. The clamping and supporting part includes an installation part connected to the threshing part. A plurality of adjacent clamping and supporting bodies are arranged on the installation part. A discharge port is opened at the rear side of the threshing part. A horizontal cutting knife assembly is arranged below the clamping and supporting part. A drum is rotatably arranged on one of the side plates, and a vertical cutting knife assembly is arranged on the side plate where the drum is arranged.

[0006] The discharge port is opened at one end of the rear side of the threshing part, and a pushing blade for pushing the chestnut material to the discharge port is spirally wound on the outer wall of the threshing roller.

[0007] The upper side of the threshing part is open, and a plastic baffle is arranged on the upper side of the threshing part.

[0008] A plurality of push rods that can move along the circumferential side of the clamping and supporting body are arranged on the circumferential side of the clamping and supporting body. A plurality of first brushes that are adjacent to each other in sequence are arranged between adjacent two push rods, and the first brushes on the mutually approaching sides of adjacent clamping and supporting bodies are stacked.

[0009] The clamping support body includes a base plate arranged on the mounting portion and a protective cover shell located on the upper side of the base plate. The base plate is composed of a first base plate portion and a second base plate portion arranged side by side. The horizontal height of the first base plate portion is higher than the horizontal height of the second base plate portion. A driving sprocket and a matched passive sprocket are rotatably arranged on the first base plate portion and the second base plate portion. A first chain connected end to end is meshed on the driving sprocket and the passive sprocket. The first brush and the shift rod are both arranged on the corresponding first chain.

[0010] A recessed portion is provided on the upper side of the clamping and supporting grass body, and inclined plates are provided at both ends of the recessed portion. A plurality of second brushes are provided on the inclined plates and are arranged adjacent to each other in sequence.

[0011] The vertical cutting knife assembly includes a vertically arranged slide rail, on which two vertical cutting knives are slidably arranged along the extension direction thereof and move in opposite directions, a supporting portion for supporting the clamping and supporting portion is arranged between the two side plates, and an installation space is arranged on the supporting portion, and the horizontal cutting knife assembly includes a moving rod movably installed on the installation space, on which a plurality of horizontal cutting knives are arranged, and also includes at least one driving source for driving the clamping and supporting portion, the horizontal cutting knife assembly, the threshing roller and the vertical cutting knife assembly to work.

[0012] The number of the driving sources is one, one of which is hollow inside the side plate, an input rod is rotatably penetrated on the side plate, an input wheel is provided at one end of the input rod located outside the side plate, and a fixed sleeve is provided at one end of the input rod located inside the side plate with a first sprocket for driving the clamping rice supporting body and the threshing roller, and a first pulley for driving the transverse cutting knife assembly and the vertical cutting knife assembly.

[0013] A threshing rod and a second sprocket for driving the threshing roller are rotatably arranged in the hollow side plate. A third sprocket connected to the first sprocket through a second chain and a fourth sprocket connected to the second sprocket through a third chain are fixedly sleeved on the threshing rod. The second sprocket is connected to a gear box, and an output end of the gear box is connected to an input end of the clamping and supporting body.

[0014] A swing box and a connecting block are arranged in the hollow internal side panel, a second pulley connected to the first pulley through a belt drive is arranged at the input end of the swing box, a swing seat is connected to the output end of the swing box, the swing seat is connected to the moving rod, a swing arm is connected to the swing seat, a base is fixedly arranged on the slide rail, a transmission rod is rotatably penetrated on the base, one end of the transmission rod is connected to the swing arm, and the other end is connected to the center of the connecting block, connecting rods are hinged at both ends of the connecting block, and the two connecting rods are respectively hinged to the two vertical cutting knives.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: By arranging a vertical cutting knife assembly and a roller on the side plate, the roller rotates passively to feed the rape on the side of the machine into the machine for harvesting and threshing, and the vertical cutting knife assembly is responsible for cutting the rape, thereby realizing the effective harvesting of the rape on the side of the machine.

[0016] In this application, by arranging a specific structure of the vertical cutting knife assembly (two vertical cutting knives that move in opposite directions are slidably installed on the slide rail), the active cutting of the vertical cutting knife is realized, greatly improving the cutting effect on the rape involved on the side of the device.

[0017] In this application, by arranging components such as a first sprocket and a first pulley, the single drive source is used to drive the clamping and supporting part, the horizontal cutting knife assembly, the threshing part and the vertical cutting knife assembly to work simultaneously, greatly saving the volume and weight of the overall device.

[0018] By arranging a first brush on the circumferential side of the clamping and supporting body, a second brush on the upper side of the clamping and supporting body, and the two ends of the clamping and supporting body at different horizontal plane heights, a three-layer brush layer is formed. When the rape passes through the device, the brush plays a role of blocking and conveying, thus preventing a large amount of rape seeds from scattering out of the device.

[0019] The first brush on the side where adjacent clamping and supporting bodies approach each other reduces the impact and vibration during the feeding process with its flexible clamping, reducing the grain loss during the mechanical harvesting process. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is the first schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is the second schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 It is the third schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 It is the fourth schematic diagram of the present invention (showing the internal structure of the side plate); Figure 5 It is Figure 3 The enlarged view of part A in Figure 6 It is Figure 4 The enlarged view of part B in Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the clamping and supporting part (the protective cover on one of the clamping and supporting bodies is not shown); Reference numerals: 1, side plate; 2, threshing part; 3, threshing roller; 4, clamping and feeding part; 5, mounting part; 6, clamping and feeding body; 7, discharge port; 8, horizontal cutter assembly; 9, drum; 10, vertical cutter assembly; 11, pushing blade; 12, plastic baffle; 13, lever; 14, first brush; 15, base plate; 16, protective cover; 17, first base plate part; 18, second base plate part; 19, driving sprocket; 20, driven sprocket; 21, first chain; 22, recessed part; 23, inclined plate; 24, second brush; 25, slide rail; 26, vertical cutter; 27, support part; 28, moving rod; 29, horizontal cutter; 30, input rod; 31, input wheel; 32, first sprocket; 33, threshing rod; 34, second sprocket; 35, second chain; 36, third sprocket; 37, third chain; 38, gearbox; 39, swing box; 40, connecting block; 41, belt; 42, swing seat; 43, swing arm; 44, base; 45, transmission rod; 46, connecting block; 47, connecting rod; 49, installation space; 50, first pulley; 51, second pulley. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that the orientation concepts of "left", "right", "up", "down", "front", "back", "inside", and "outside" in the following solutions are all relative directions, and will not be listed one by one here.

[0023] A threshing and harvesting machine for agricultural crops, referring to Figures 1-7 , includes two relatively parallel side plates 1. A threshing part 2 is arranged at the rear end between the two side plates 1. The inside of the threshing part 2 is hollow and the front side and the upper side are open. A threshing roller 3 is rotatably arranged inside the threshing part 2. A discharge port 7 is opened at the right rear end of the threshing part 2. A pushing blade 11 is spirally wound around the outer wall of the threshing roller 3. A plastic baffle 12 is arranged at the rear end and the right end on the upper side of the threshing part 2. A clamping and feeding body 6 is arranged at the front side of the threshing part 2. Drums 9 are rotatably arranged on both side plates 1 (the reason for arranging drums 9 on both side plates 1 is for aesthetics, but actually only the drum 9 on the right side plays a role). A vertical cutter assembly 10 is arranged on the right end side plate 1. A horizontal cutter assembly 8 is arranged under the clamping and feeding body 6.

[0024] The clamping and lifting part 4 includes a mounting part 5 disposed on the front side of the threshing part 2. A plurality of successively adjacent clamping and lifting bodies 6 are provided on the mounting part 5. The clamping and lifting body 6 includes a base plate 15 and a protective cover 16 disposed on the upper side of the base plate 15. The base plate 15 is formed by connecting a first base plate part 17 and a second base plate part 18 which are distributed left and right. The horizontal height of the first base plate part 17 is higher than that of the second base plate part 18. Active sprockets 19 and driven sprockets 20 are respectively rotatably provided at the front and rear ends of the first base plate part 17 and the second base plate part 18. A first chain 21 that is connected end to end is wound around and meshed with the driving sprocket 19 and the driven sprocket 20. A plurality of push rods 13 are uniformly provided on the first chain 21. A plurality of first brushes 14 are successively arranged side by side between two adjacent push rods 13. The first brush 14 is fixedly connected to the first chain 21. When the first chain 21 moves, the first brush 14 and the push rod 13 can move along the circumferential side of the clamping and lifting body 6. The first brushes 14 on the mutually approaching sides of two adjacent clamping and lifting bodies 6 are stacked on each other, thereby forming two layers of brush layers. A recess 22 is provided at the upper end of the protective cover 16. Inclined plates 23 extending obliquely upward are provided on the left and right sides of the recess 22. A plurality of second brushes 24 are successively arranged adjacent to each other on the inclined plates 23. The second brushes 24 on the mutually approaching sides of two adjacent clamping and lifting bodies 6 partially cross each other, thereby forming a third layer of brush layer.

[0025] A support part 27 for supporting the clamping and lifting part 4 is provided on the front side of the threshing part 2. There is an installation space 49 at the support part 27. The cross-cutting knife assembly 8 includes a moving rod 28 that is movably provided up and down and left and right in the installation space 49. A plurality of cross-cutting knives 29 are provided on the moving rod 28. A gear box 38 is provided on the lower side of the mounting part 5. The gear box 38 has output ends that are in one-to-one correspondence with the number and positions of the active sprockets 19. The output end of the gear box 38 is connected to the matching active sprocket 19.

[0026] The vertical cutting knife assembly includes a slide rail 25 that is fixedly provided on the side plate 1 and extends vertically. Two groups of vertical cutting knives 26 are slidably provided on the slide rail 25. The two groups of vertical cutting knives 26 always move in opposite directions.

[0027] The right side plate 1 is hollow inside, and an input rod 30 is rotatably provided at its rear end. An input wheel 31 is provided at one end of the input rod 30 located outside the side plate 1. For those skilled in the art, the input wheel 31 can be a gear, a pulley, a sprocket, etc., as long as an output wheel that can be connected to the input wheel 18 is provided at the output end of the driving source that can be used to drive the operation of the device. For those skilled in the art, the driving source can be a motor, a diesel engine, a gasoline engine, etc., and since it is a prior art, no further description is given here. The input rod 30 is located inside the side plate 1 and is fixedly provided with a first sprocket 32 ​​and a first pulley 50. A threshing rod 33 connected to the threshing roller 3 and a second sprocket 35 connected to the input end of the gear box 38 are rotatably provided in the side plate 1. A third sprocket 36 and a fourth sprocket are fixedly provided on the threshing rod 33. The third sprocket 36 is connected to the first sprocket 32 ​​through a second chain 35. The fourth sprocket is connected to the second sprocket 34 through a third chain 37.

[0028] A swing box 39 is also provided inside the side plate 1. A second pulley 51 is provided at the input end of the swing box 39. The second pulley 51 is connected to the first pulley 50 through a belt 41. A swing seat 42 is provided at the output end of the swing box 39. The swing seat 42 is connected to the moving rod 28. When the swing box 39 drives the swing seat 42 to swing back and forth, the moving rod 28 mainly moves parallel to the left and right with a slight up and down movement. A swing arm 43 is fixedly connected to the swing box 39. A base 44 fixedly connected to the slide rail 25 is provided inside the side plate 1. A transmission rod 45 is rotatably penetrated on the base 44. One end of the transmission rod 45 is fixedly connected to the swing arm 43, and the other end is connected to the center of the connecting block 46. Two connecting rods 47 are hingedly provided at both ends of the connecting block 43. The two connecting rods 47 are respectively hingedly connected to the two sets of vertical cutting knives 26.

[0029] When the driving source power is transmitted from the input rod 30, the first sprocket 32 ​​drives the third sprocket 37 to rotate, thereby driving the threshing roller 3 to rotate; the fourth sprocket drives the second sprocket 35 to rotate, and the power is transmitted from the output end of the gear box 38, thereby driving the first chain 21 to move. The first pulley 50 drives the second pulley 51 to rotate, and the swing box 39 drives the base 44 to swing back and forth, driving the moving rod 28 to mainly move left and right to complete the horizontal cutting, driving the transmission rod 45 to reciprocate back and forth, and then driving the connecting block 46 to reciprocate back and forth, so that the two sets of vertical cutting knives 26 do up and down reciprocating motion.

[0030] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments, but can be used in various other combinations, modifications and environments, and can be modified within the scope of the concept described herein through the above description or the technology or knowledge of the relevant field. The changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art shall not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and shall be within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A harvester and thresher for agricultural crops, comprising two side plates arranged opposite to each other, a threshing part is arranged at the rear end between the two side plates, a threshing roller is rotatably arranged in the threshing part, the front side of the threshing part is opened and a clamping and supporting part is arranged at the opening, the clamping and supporting part comprises a mounting part connected to the threshing part, a plurality of clamping and supporting bodies adjacent to each other are arranged on the mounting part, a discharge port is opened at the rear side of the threshing part, a transverse cutting knife assembly is arranged at the lower side of the clamping and supporting part, and the characteristics are as follows: A roller is rotatably arranged on one of the side plates, and a vertical cutting knife assembly is arranged on the side plate on which the roller is arranged.

2. A harvester and thresher for agricultural crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge port is opened at one end of the rear side of the threshing part, and the outer wall of the threshing roller is provided with a spirally wound pushing blade for pushing the chestnut material to the discharge port.

3. A harvester and thresher for agricultural crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper side of the threshing part is open, and a plastic baffle is arranged on the upper side of the threshing part.

4. A harvester and thresher for agricultural crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of levers movable along the circumference of the clamping rice grain support body are arranged, and a plurality of first brushes close to each other in sequence are arranged between two adjacent levers. The first brushes on the sides of adjacent clamping rice grain support bodies are stacked.

5. A harvester and thresher for agricultural crops according to claim 4, characterized in that: The clamping support body includes a base plate arranged on the mounting portion and a protective cover shell located on the upper side of the base plate. The base plate is composed of a first base plate portion and a second base plate portion arranged side by side. The horizontal height of the first base plate portion is higher than the horizontal height of the second base plate portion. A driving sprocket and a matched passive sprocket are rotatably arranged on the first base plate portion and the second base plate portion. A first chain connected end to end is meshed on the driving sprocket and the passive sprocket. The first brush and the shift rod are both arranged on the corresponding first chain.

6. A harvester and thresher for agricultural crops according to claim 4, characterized in that: A recessed portion is provided on the upper side of the clamping and supporting grass body, and inclined plates are provided at both ends of the recessed portion. A plurality of second brushes are provided on the inclined plates and are arranged adjacent to each other in sequence.

7. A harvester and thresher for agricultural crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical cutting knife assembly includes a vertically arranged slide rail, on which two vertical cutting knives are slidably arranged along the extension direction thereof and move in opposite directions, a supporting portion for supporting the clamping and supporting portion is arranged between the two side plates, and an installation space is arranged on the supporting portion, and the horizontal cutting knife assembly includes a moving rod movably installed on the installation space, on which a plurality of horizontal cutting knives are arranged, and also includes at least one driving source for driving the clamping and supporting portion, the horizontal cutting knife assembly, the threshing roller and the vertical cutting knife assembly to work.

8. A harvester and thresher for agricultural crops according to claim 7, characterized in that: The number of the driving sources is one, one of which is hollow inside the side plate, an input rod is rotatably penetrated on the side plate, an input wheel is provided at one end of the input rod located outside the side plate, and a fixed sleeve is provided at one end of the input rod located inside the side plate with a first sprocket for driving the clamping rice supporting body and the threshing roller, and a first pulley for driving the transverse cutting knife assembly and the vertical cutting knife assembly.

9. A harvester and thresher for agricultural crops according to claim 8, characterized in that: A threshing rod and a second sprocket for driving the threshing roller are rotatably arranged in the hollow side plate. A third sprocket connected to the first sprocket through a second chain and a fourth sprocket connected to the second sprocket through a third chain are fixedly sleeved on the threshing rod. The second sprocket is connected to a gear box, and an output end of the gear box is connected to an input end of the clamping and supporting body.

10. A harvester and thresher for agricultural crops according to claim 8, characterized in that: A swing box and a connecting block are arranged in the hollow internal side panel, a second pulley connected to the first pulley through a belt drive is arranged at the input end of the swing box, a swing seat is connected to the output end of the swing box, the swing seat is connected to the moving rod, a swing arm is connected to the swing seat, a base is fixedly arranged on the slide rail, a transmission rod is rotatably penetrated on the base, one end of the transmission rod is connected to the swing arm, and the other end is connected to the center of the connecting block, connecting rods are hinged at both ends of the connecting block, and the two connecting rods are respectively hinged to the two vertical cutting knives.

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