Skull bone marrow cell sampling device and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cell sampling, and particularly relates to a skull bone marrow cell sampling device which comprises a base, a sampling vessel is in contact with the middle of the upper end of the base, a supporting frame is fixedly connected to the upper end of the base, a supporting block is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the supporting frame, and a clamping groove is formed in the surface of the supporting block. And the inner wall of the supporting block is connected with a screw rod through threads, and the upper end of the screw rod is fixedly connected with an extrusion disc. According to the scheme, through the arrangement of the rotating handle, the screw rod, the extrusion disc and other structures, the skull can be fixed for use, under the telescopic action of the hydraulic cylinder, the positions of the electric drill and the flushing needle can be vertically adjusted, then the skull is drilled and flushed for subsequent sampling use, and through the arrangement of the positioning holes, the positioning balls and other structures, the skull can be conveniently and rapidly used. The positions of the electric drill and the flushing needle can be transversely adjusted, and the drilling position can be adjusted for use, so that the flushing and sampling effects are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of cell sampling, and particularly relates to a skull bone marrow cell sampling device. Background Art

[0002] The skull bone marrow cell sampling device is applicable to scenarios such as neuroscience research, bone marrow microenvironment analysis, tumor metastasis model construction, etc. Among them, it needs to be used in conjunction with structural components such as a skull drill, a bone marrow puncture needle, a flushing needle, and a sampling dish to flush the skull with a flushing liquid, and then perform sampling processing on bone marrow cells.

[0003] In the patent with the patent authorization announcement number CN221730682U, a cell sampler for obtaining cell samples from human or animal tissues is disclosed, which includes a sleeve and a connecting pipe. A sampling mechanism is arranged below the sleeve. The sampling mechanism includes a support plate and a glass tube. The inner wall of the support plate is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the bottom end of the sleeve. The outer surface of the glass tube is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve. The bottom surface of the support plate is fixedly communicated with a connecting pipe. The top end of the connecting pipe penetrates through the glass tube and extends into the interior of the glass tube. A protection block is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the connecting pipe, and a syringe needle is fixedly communicated with the bottom end of the protection block.

[0004] However, the existing skull bone marrow cell sampling devices also have certain deficiencies. Most of the existing skull bone marrow cell sampling devices use a manual operation method to stabilize the skull, then drill the skull, and use a flushing needle and a flushing liquid in cooperation to complete the flushing and sampling of bone marrow cells. Due to the complexity of the operation process, it is easy to cause inconvenience in sequential operations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a skull bone marrow cell sampling device, which solves the problem that most of the existing skull bone marrow cell sampling devices use a manual operation method to stabilize the skull, then drill the skull, and use a flushing needle and a flushing liquid in cooperation to complete the flushing and sampling of bone marrow cells. Due to the complexity of the operation process, it causes inconvenience in sequential operations.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a skull bone marrow cell sampling device, including a base. A sampling dish is in contact with the middle part of the upper end of the base. A support frame is fixedly connected to the upper end of the base. A support block is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the support frame. A clamping groove is formed on the surface of the support block. A screw rod is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the support block. The upper end of the screw rod is fixedly connected to a pressing disc. The pressing disc is located inside the clamping groove. A plurality of friction grooves arranged in a circular array are formed on the surface of the pressing disc.

[0007] A rotating handle is fixedly connected to the lower end of the screw rod. A hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the horizontal part of the support frame. The telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder is slidably connected to the support frame. The telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to a moving plate. The moving plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the support frame. The lower end of the moving plate is fixedly connected to an installation shell. An auxiliary mechanism is arranged on the installation shell, and a lubrication mechanism is arranged on the support frame.

[0008] The principle of the present invention is as follows: By pushing the skull into the card slot, and then pushing the rotating handle to rotate, the screw rod can be driven to rotate. Under the screw connection relationship, the screw rod can drive the extrusion disc to rotate and move upward, and finally the extrusion disc contacts the skull to fix the skull for use.

[0009] By pushing the right moving block to move to the left, the electric drill can be driven to move to adjust the position of the electric drill. When the moving block moves, the inner wall of the positioning hole squeezes the positioning ball to drive the telescopic frame to move, causing the first spring to deform. Finally, the positioning ball disengages from the positioning hole. Under the action of force, the positioning ball slides along the surface of the guide plate. When the positioning ball slides into the next positioning hole, the first spring resumes deformation to push the positioning ball into the positioning hole to position the moving block, making the electric drill stable after adjusting the position.

[0010] Through the telescopic action of the hydraulic cylinder, the moving plate can be driven to move downward to drive the installation shell to move, so that the electric drill is located above the skull. With the combined use of the electric drill and the hydraulic cylinder, the skull can be drilled at multiple different positions. Then, push the right moving block to move to the right and push the left moving block to move to the right to adjust the position of the flushing needle, so that the flushing needle is inserted into the drill hole. Under the action of multiple flushing holes, the flushing liquid can flow through, thereby flushing the skull bone marrow cells, and with the action of the sampling dish, the flushed skull bone marrow cells can be sampled for use.

[0011] By pulling the end rod to move to the left, the telescopic piece can be driven to move and drive the plug to move. Under the extrusion of the flow hole, the plug drives the telescopic piece to move upward, causing the second spring to deform. Finally, the plug disengages from the flow hole. Under the action of the flow hole, the lubricating oil can be conducted to make the lubricating oil contact the hydraulic cylinder to lubricate the hydraulic cylinder.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Through the arrangement of structures such as a rotating handle, a screw rod, and an extrusion disc, the skull can be fixed first. Under the telescopic action of the hydraulic cylinder, the positions of the electric drill and the flushing needle can be vertically adjusted, and then the skull can be drilled and flushed for subsequent sampling use. In combination with the arrangement of structures such as positioning holes and positioning balls, the positions of the electric drill and the flushing needle can be horizontally adjusted to adjust the position of the drilling hole, so as to improve the flushing and sampling effects. By pulling the end rod to move to the left, the telescopic piece can be driven to move. Under the extrusion of force, the second spring can be deformed, and then the plug can be separated from the flow hole to divert the lubricating oil, so that the lubricating oil contacts the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder to lubricate the hydraulic cylinder and reduce the telescopic resistance of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, the auxiliary mechanism includes a guide plate. The inner wall of the installation shell is fixedly connected with a guide plate. The surface of the guide plate is provided with positioning holes. Two evenly distributed moving blocks are slidably sleeved outside the guide plate. A flushing needle is fixedly installed on the horizontal part of the left moving block, and an electric drill is fixedly installed on the horizontal part of the right moving block. An end block is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the moving block. The surface of the end block is slidably connected with a telescopic frame. The horizontal part of the telescopic frame contacts the moving block. A first spring is arranged outside the vertical part of the telescopic frame. The vertical part of the telescopic frame is fixedly connected with a positioning ball. The positioning ball is slidably connected with the positioning hole. Through the cooperation of the positioning hole and the positioning ball, the moving block can be positioned and moved, and then the positions of the electric drill and the flushing needle can be adaptively adjusted.

[0014] Furthermore, a delivery hose is fixedly connected to the left side of the flushing needle. The delivery hose contacts the support frame. Through the arrangement of the delivery hose, the flushing liquid can be input into the flushing needle.

[0015] Furthermore, a plurality of flushing holes are arranged on the surface of the flushing needle. The plurality of flushing holes are arranged in a circular array on the flushing needle. Through the arrangement of the flushing holes, the flushing effect can be improved.

[0016] Furthermore, one end of the first spring is welded to the horizontal part of the telescopic frame, and the other end of the first spring is welded to the end block. Through the arrangement of the first spring, the telescopic frame can be connected and used.

[0017] Further, the lubrication mechanism includes a plugging plate. The plugging plate is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the support frame. The plugging plate is slidably connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder. A storage oil box is fixedly connected to the horizontal part of the support frame and on the left side of the hydraulic cylinder. A terminal rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the storage oil box. A telescopic piece is slidably connected to the inner wall of the terminal rod. A plug is fixedly connected to the lower end of the telescopic piece. The plug is slidably connected to the circulation hole of the support frame. A second spring is arranged outside the telescopic piece. By pulling the terminal rod to drive the telescopic piece to move, the plug can be separated from the circulation hole, so as to conduct diversion treatment on the lubricating oil.

[0018] Further, one end of the second spring is welded to the terminal rod, and the other end of the second spring is welded to the plug. Through the arrangement of the second spring, the plug can be connected and used.

[0019] Further, it further includes an image acquisition module, an image recognition module and a light spot indication module; the image acquisition module is used to acquire the skull image information after being fixed. The image acquisition module is equipped with a high-definition camera and an adjustable multi-angle rotation bracket, and can obtain high-resolution CT images and visible light images of the skull from different directions and different distances, ensuring the comprehensiveness and clarity of the acquired images, and providing a sufficient data basis for subsequent accurate analysis; the image recognition module is used to perform in-depth processing on the acquired skull image information. First, the skull image is separated from the background by using an image segmentation algorithm, and then the texture vein features on the skull surface are extracted through a texture analysis algorithm, and a probability model based on the correlation between the skull texture and the potential distribution of bone marrow is constructed, which is expressed by a mathematical formula as:

[0020]

[0021] where P(M j |T i ) represents the posterior probability of the existence of the bone marrow region M i under the condition of observing the texture feature T j , P(T i |M j ) is the conditional probability of the appearance of the texture feature T j in the bone marrow region M i , P(M j ) is the prior probability of the bone marrow region M j , P(T i ) is the probability of the appearance of the texture feature T i . Based on a large number of known sample data, the above probability parameters are trained and optimized, so that the model can accurately estimate the bone marrow enrichment region according to the skull texture veins. Combining the preset punching safety depth threshold and the punching instrument size parameters, the punching point coordinates are determined by solving the following optimization problem:

[0022]

[0023] where m is the estimated number of candidate drilling areas, and α k is the bone marrow enrichment weight coefficient calculated for the k-th candidate area based on the probability model, and S k is the effective area where the k-th candidate area can be drilled while meeting the safety depth and instrument size constraints; the light point indication module is used to display the recommended position on the skull as a highlight according to the drilling point coordinates determined by the image recognition module. The light point indication module is built-in with a high-precision laser generating device, which can accurately focus the laser beam on the skull surface according to the point coordinate information to form a bright and easily recognizable light point.

[0024] Furthermore, it also includes a control module and a hydraulic detection module. The control module is connected to the electric drill for control. The hydraulic detection module is installed inside the delivery hose to detect the internal liquid pressure information and send it to the control module; the control module is used to receive the liquid pressure information, and after the liquid pressure information exceeds the preset threshold, generate control information for the vibration-assisted injection strategy, and the electric drill rotates after receiving the control information;

[0025] When the hydraulic detection module detects that the liquid pressure P in the delivery hose exceeds the preset threshold P th it indicates that there is an obstruction in the injection of the flushing liquid, which may lead to a reduction in the extraction efficiency of bone marrow cells. At this time, the control module will activate the vibration-assisted injection strategy;

[0026] The flow of the flushing liquid in the skull drill hole follows Darcy's law, and its flow rate Q is related to the pressure difference ΔP, the cross-sectional area A of the drill hole, the dynamic viscosity μ of the liquid, and the drill hole length L. The expression is:

[0027]

[0028] where K is the permeability of the drill hole; under normal circumstances, due to the complexity of the internal structure of the skull, the permeability K may be small, resulting in a low flow rate Q; when the electric drill starts to rotate and generate vibrations, a water hammer effect will occur, generating an instantaneous pressure fluctuation in the drill hole, thereby changing the permeability K;

[0029] It is assumed that the change in permeability ΔK caused by vibration is related to the rotation speed n of the electric drill, the vibration frequency f, and the liquid pressure P. Through fitting a large amount of experimental data, the following empirical formula is obtained:

[0030] △K = αn β f γ (P - P th ) δ ;

[0031] where α, β, γ, and δ are coefficients determined through experiments; the control module determines according to the liquid pressure P and the preset threshold P thThe difference value, combined with the above empirical formula, is used to calculate the drill speed n and vibration frequency f that can maximize the permeability improvement, and the corresponding control information is generated and sent to the drill; after receiving the control information, the drill rotates at the calculated speed n and vibration frequency f to generate vibration. Description of the Drawings

[0032] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional overall structure diagram of the cranial bone marrow cell sampling device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is the Figure 1 side view of the cranial bone marrow cell sampling device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 It is the Figure 1 front elevation sectional view of the cranial bone marrow cell sampling device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 It is the Figure 2 enlarged view at A of the cranial bone marrow cell sampling device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 It is the Figure 3 enlarged view at B of the cranial bone marrow cell sampling device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 It is the Figure 3 enlarged view at C of the cranial bone marrow cell sampling device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 It is the Figure 3 enlarged view of the lubrication mechanism of the cranial bone marrow cell sampling device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] The following is further detailed through specific embodiments:

[0040] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the specification include: base 1, sampling dish 2, support frame 3, support block 4, card slot 5, screw rod 6, extrusion disc 7, friction groove 8, rotation handle 9, hydraulic cylinder 10, moving plate 11, mounting shell 12, auxiliary mechanism 13, lubrication mechanism 14, guide plate 130, positioning hole 131, moving block 132, flushing needle 133, flushing hole 134, drill 135, end block 136, telescopic frame 137, spring one 138, positioning ball 139, sealing plate 140, oil storage box 141, end rod 142, telescopic piece 143, plug 144, spring two 145. Specific Embodiments

[0041] The embodiment is basically as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4, Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown in Figure 5 , Figure 6 , and Figure 7 , this embodiment provides a cranial bone marrow cell sampling device, including a base 1. A sampling dish 2 is in contact with the middle part of the upper end of the base 1. A support frame 3 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the base 1. A support block 4 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the support frame 3. A card slot 5 is formed on the surface of the support block 4. A screw rod 6 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the support block 4. The upper end of the screw rod 6 is fixedly connected to a pressing disk 7. The pressing disk 7 is located inside the card slot 5. A plurality of friction grooves 8 arranged in an annular array are formed on the surface of the pressing disk 7.

[0042] The lower end of the screw rod 6 is fixedly connected to a rotating handle 9. A hydraulic cylinder 10 is fixedly installed on the horizontal part of the support frame 3. The telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 10 is slidably connected to the support frame 3. The telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 10 is fixedly connected to a moving plate 11. The moving plate 11 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the support frame 3. The lower end of the moving plate 11 is fixedly connected to a mounting shell 12.

[0043] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , an auxiliary mechanism 13 is provided on the mounting shell 12. The auxiliary mechanism 13 includes a guide plate 130. The guide plate 130 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting shell 12. A positioning hole 131 is formed on the surface of the guide plate 130. Two uniformly distributed moving blocks 132 are slidably sleeved outside the guide plate 130. A flushing needle 133 is fixedly installed on the horizontal part of the left moving block 132. A drill 135 is fixedly installed on the horizontal part of the right moving block 132. An end block 136 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the moving block 132. A telescopic frame 137 is slidably connected to the surface of the end block 136. The horizontal part of the telescopic frame 137 is in contact with the moving block 132. A first spring 138 is arranged outside the vertical part of the telescopic frame 137. A positioning ball 139 is fixedly connected to the vertical part of the telescopic frame 137. The positioning ball 139 is slidably connected to the positioning hole 131. By using the cooperation of the positioning hole 131 and the positioning ball 139, the moving block 132 can be moved and positioned, and then the positions of the drill 135 and the flushing needle 133 can be adaptively adjusted for use.

[0044] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, a delivery hose is fixedly connected to the left side of the flushing needle 133, and the delivery hose is in contact with the support frame 3. Through the setting of the delivery hose, flushing liquid can be input into the flushing needle 133. A plurality of flushing holes 134 are provided on the surface of the flushing needle 133, and the plurality of flushing holes 134 are arranged in a circular array on the flushing needle 133. The setting of the flushing holes 134 can improve the flushing effect. One end of a spring 138 is welded to the horizontal part of the telescopic frame 137, and the other end of the spring 138 is welded to the end block 136. Through the setting of the spring 138, the telescopic frame 137 can be connected for use.

[0045] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 As shown, a lubrication mechanism 14 is provided on the support frame 3, and the lubrication mechanism 14 includes a blocking plate 140, and the inner side wall of the support frame 3 is fixedly connected to the blocking plate 140, and the blocking plate 140 is slidably connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 10, and the horizontal part of the support frame 3 and the left side of the hydraulic cylinder 10 are fixedly connected to an oil storage box 141, and the inner wall of the oil storage box 141 is slidably connected to an end rod 142, and the inner wall of the end rod 142 is slidably connected to a telescopic sheet 143, and the lower end of the telescopic sheet 143 is fixedly connected to A plug 144 is connected, and the plug 144 is slidably connected to the flow hole of the support frame 3. A spring 2 145 is arranged on the outer side of the expansion piece 143. One end of the spring 2 145 is welded to the end rod 142, and the other end of the spring 2 145 is welded to the plug 144. Through the arrangement of the spring 2 145, the plug 144 can be connected and used, and the expansion piece 143 can be moved by pulling the end rod 142, so that the plug 144 can be separated from the flow hole, and then the lubricating oil can be diverted.

[0046] The specific implementation process of the present invention is as follows: by pushing the skull into the slot 5, and then pushing the rotating handle 9 to rotate, so as to drive the screw 6 to rotate, under the relationship of the threaded connection, the screw 6 can drive the extrusion plate 7 to rotate and move upward, and finally the extrusion plate 7 contacts the skull, so as to fix the skull;

[0047] By pushing the right moving block 132 to move to the left side, the electric drill 135 is driven to move, and the position of the electric drill 135 is adjusted. When the moving block 132 moves, the inner wall of the positioning hole 131 squeezes the positioning ball 139, so as to drive the telescopic frame 137 to move, so that the spring 138 is deformed, and finally the positioning ball 139 is separated from the positioning hole 131. Under the action of the force, the positioning ball 139 slides along the surface of the guide plate 130. When the positioning ball 139 slides into the next positioning hole 131, the spring 138 recovers its deformation to push the positioning ball 139 to insert into the positioning hole 131, and the moving block 132 is positioned, so that the electric drill 135 is stable after the position is adjusted.

[0048] Through the telescopic action of the hydraulic cylinder 10, the moving plate 11 can be driven to move downward, so as to drive the mounting shell 12 to move, making the electric drill 135 located above the skull. With the coordinated use of the electric drill 135 and the hydraulic cylinder 10, the skull can be drilled at multiple different positions. Then, the right moving block 132 is pushed to move to the right, and the left moving block 132 is pushed to move to the right to adjust the position of the flushing needle 133, so that the flushing needle 133 is inserted into the drill hole. Under the action of multiple flushing holes 134, the flushing liquid can flow, thereby flushing the skull bone marrow cells, and under the action of the sampling dish 2, the flushed skull bone marrow cells can be sampled;

[0049] By pulling the end rod 142 to move to the left, the telescopic piece 143 is driven to move, and the plug 144 is driven to move. Under the extrusion of the flow hole, the plug 144 drives the telescopic piece 143 to move upward, and the second spring 145 deforms. Finally, the plug 144 is separated from the flow hole. Under the action of the flow hole, the lubricating oil can be conducted, so that the lubricating oil contacts the hydraulic cylinder 10 to lubricate the hydraulic cylinder 10.

[0050] In this solution, through the setting of structures such as the rotating handle 9, the screw rod 6, and the extrusion disc 7, the skull can be fixed first. Under the telescopic action of the hydraulic cylinder 10, the positions of the electric drill 135 and the flushing needle 133 can be vertically adjusted, and then the skull can be drilled and flushed for subsequent sampling. And with the setting of structures such as the positioning hole 131 and the positioning ball 139, the positions of the electric drill 135 and the flushing needle 133 can be horizontally adjusted to adjust the position of the drill hole, so as to improve the flushing and sampling effects. By pulling the end rod 142 to move to the left, the telescopic piece 143 is driven to move. Under the action of force extrusion, the second spring 145 can be deformed, and then the plug 144 is separated from the flow hole to divert the lubricating oil, so that the lubricating oil contacts the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 10 to lubricate the hydraulic cylinder 10 and reduce the telescopic resistance of the hydraulic cylinder 10.

[0051] In other embodiments, it further includes an image acquisition module, an image recognition module, and a light point indication module; the image acquisition module is used to acquire the skull image information after being fixed. The image acquisition module is equipped with a high-definition camera and an adjustable multi-angle rotating bracket, and can obtain high-resolution CT images and visible light images of the skull from different directions and distances, ensuring the comprehensiveness and clarity of the acquired images, and providing a sufficient data basis for subsequent accurate analysis; the image recognition module is used to deeply process the acquired skull image information. First, the image segmentation algorithm is used to separate the skull image from the background, and then the texture analysis algorithm is used to extract the texture vein features on the surface of the skull, and a probability model based on the correlation between the skull texture and the potential distribution of the bone marrow is constructed, which is expressed by a mathematical formula as:

[0052]

[0053] where P(M j |T i ) represents the posterior probability of the presence of the bone marrow region M when the texture feature T i is observed, P(T j |M i ) is the conditional probability of the occurrence of the texture feature T j in the bone marrow region M j , P(M i ) is the prior probability of the bone marrow region M j , and P(T j ) is the probability of the occurrence of the texture feature T i . Based on a large number of known sample data, the above probability parameters are trained and optimized so that the model can accurately estimate the bone marrow enrichment region according to the cranial texture context. Combining the preset punching safety depth threshold and the punching instrument size parameters, the punching point coordinates are determined by solving the following optimization problem: i Based on a large number of known sample data, the above probability parameters are trained and optimized so that the model can accurately estimate the bone marrow enrichment region according to the cranial texture context. Combining the preset punching safety depth threshold and the punching instrument size parameters, the punching point coordinates are determined by solving the following optimization problem:

[0054]

[0055] where m is the number of estimated punching candidate regions, α k is the bone marrow enrichment weight coefficient calculated for the k-th candidate region based on the probability model, and S k is the effective area where the k-th candidate region can be punched under the constraints of the safety depth and the instrument size; the light point indication module is used to highlight the recommended position on the skull according to the punching point coordinates determined by the image recognition module. The light point indication module is built-in with a high-precision laser generating device, which can accurately focus the laser beam on the skull surface according to the point coordinate information to form a bright and easily recognizable light point.

[0056] Furthermore, it further includes a control module and a hydraulic detection module. The control module is controllably connected to the electric drill 135. The hydraulic detection module is installed inside the delivery hose to detect the internal liquid pressure information and send it to the control module; the control module is used to receive the liquid pressure information and generate control information for the vibration-assisted injection strategy after the liquid pressure information exceeds the preset threshold. The electric drill rotates after receiving the control information;

[0057] When the hydraulic detection module detects that the liquid pressure P in the delivery hose exceeds the preset threshold P th , it indicates that there is an obstruction in the injection of the flushing liquid, which may lead to a reduction in the extraction efficiency of bone marrow cells. At this time, the control module will activate the vibration-assisted injection strategy;

[0058] The flow of the flushing liquid in the cranial drill hole follows Darcy's law. Its flow rate Q is related to the pressure difference ΔP, the cross-sectional area A of the drill hole, the dynamic viscosity μ of the liquid, and the length L of the drill hole. The expression is:

[0059]

[0060] where K is the permeability of the drill hole; under normal circumstances, due to the complexity of the internal structure of the skull, the permeability K may be small, resulting in a low flow rate Q; when the electric drill starts to rotate and vibrate, a water hammer effect is generated, which will cause an instantaneous pressure fluctuation in the drill hole, thereby changing the permeability K;

[0061] Suppose the change in permeability ΔK caused by vibration is related to the rotational speed n of the electric drill, the vibration frequency f, and the liquid pressure P. Through fitting a large amount of experimental data, the following empirical formula is obtained:

[0062] △K = αn β f γ (P - P th ) δ ;

[0063] where α, β, γ, δ are coefficients determined through experiments; the control module calculates the rotational speed n and vibration frequency f of the electric drill that can maximize the permeability increase based on the difference between the liquid pressure P and the preset threshold P th and generates corresponding control information to send to the electric drill 135; after receiving the control information, the electric drill 135 rotates at the calculated rotational speed n and vibration frequency f (mainly for impact drills that can adjust the impact frequency).

[0064] For ordinary electric drills with non-adjustable frequencies, there is a certain relationship between their vibration frequency f and rotational speed n. Generally speaking, the vibration of the electric drill is mainly generated by the rotation of the motor and the contact between the drill bit and the object. Usually, the higher the rotational speed n, the corresponding increase in the vibration frequency f, but this relationship is not a simple linear relationship. The functional relationship between the two can be established through experiments. Suppose within a certain rotational speed range, they satisfy the following relationship:

[0065] f = k·n m + c

[0066] where k, m, c are coefficients determined through experiments. For different models of electric drills, due to differences in their motor characteristics, drill bit designs, and mechanical structures, these coefficients will vary.

[0067] Taking the Bosch GSB 18V-50 C Professional rechargeable impact drill as an example, it has a speed regulation function that can control the rotational speed n of the electric drill. In existing electric drills, usually only the rotational speed n can be directly controlled. If one wants to change the vibration frequency f, it is often indirectly achieved by changing the rotational speed n. However, in the control module of this device, based on the above-established mathematical model and the relationship between the rotational speed n and the vibration frequency f, the combination of the rotational speed n and the vibration frequency f that can maximize the permeability increase will be calculated, thereby directly controlling the rotational speed n of the electric drill.

[0068] During specific use: Vibration may also damage some tiny blocked structures inside the skull, increasing the permeability K. According to Darcy's law, the flow rate Q will also increase accordingly, further improving the injection and extraction efficiency. In practical applications, the control module will continuously monitor the liquid pressure information and adjust the rotational speed and vibration frequency of the electric drill in real time according to the pressure change to ensure a high injection and extraction efficiency throughout the extraction process.

[0069] It should be noted in advance that in the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0070] The above are only embodiments of the present invention. Common general knowledge such as specific structures and characteristics in the solutions is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can be made, and these should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the implementation effect of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The protection scope required by this application should be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation manners in the specification can be used to explain the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A skull bone marrow cell sampling device, comprising a base, characterized in that: The middle part of the upper end of the base contacts with a sampling dish, the upper end of the base is fixedly connected with a support frame, the inner side wall of the support frame is fixedly connected with a support block, the surface of the support block is provided with a slot, the inner wall of the support block is connected with a screw rod by a thread, the upper end of the screw rod is fixedly connected with an extrusion disk, the extrusion disk is located inside the slot, and the surface of the extrusion disk is provided with a plurality of friction grooves arranged in a ring array; The lower end of the screw is fixedly connected with a rotating handle, the horizontal part of the support frame is fixedly installed with a hydraulic cylinder, the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder is slidably connected to the support frame, the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with a moving plate, the moving plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the support frame, the lower end of the moving plate is fixedly connected with a mounting shell, the mounting shell is provided with an auxiliary mechanism, and the support frame is provided with a lubrication mechanism.

2. The skull bone marrow cell sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary mechanism includes a guide plate, the inner wall of the mounting shell is fixedly connected with the guide plate, the surface of the guide plate is provided with a positioning hole, the outer side of the guide plate is slidably sleeved with two evenly distributed moving blocks, the horizontal part of the left moving block is fixedly installed with a flushing needle, and the horizontal part of the right moving block is fixedly installed with an electric drill, the inner wall of the moving block is fixedly connected with an end block, the surface of the end block is slidably connected with a telescopic frame, the horizontal part of the telescopic frame is in contact with the moving block, a spring is arranged on the outer side of the vertical part of the telescopic frame, a positioning ball is fixedly connected to the vertical part of the telescopic frame, and the positioning ball is slidably connected to the positioning hole.

3. The skull bone marrow cell sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A delivery hose is fixedly connected to the left side of the flushing needle, and the delivery hose is in contact with the support frame.

4. The skull bone marrow cell sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of flushing holes are formed on the surface of the flushing needle, and the plurality of flushing holes are arranged in a circular array on the flushing needle.

5. The skull bone marrow cell sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the spring one is welded to the horizontal part of the telescopic frame, and the other end of the spring one is welded to the end block.

6. The skull bone marrow cell sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lubrication mechanism includes a sealing plate, the inner side wall of the support frame is fixedly connected with the sealing plate, the sealing plate is slidably connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder, the horizontal part of the support frame and the left side of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with an oil storage box, the inner wall of the oil storage box is slidably connected with an end rod, the inner wall of the end rod is slidably connected with a telescopic piece, the lower end of the telescopic piece is fixedly connected with a plug, the plug is slidably connected to the circulation hole of the support frame, and a second spring is arranged on the outer side of the telescopic piece.

7. The skull bone marrow cell sampling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the second spring is welded to the end rod, and the other end of the second spring is welded to the plug.

8. The skull bone marrow cell sampling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes an image acquisition module, an image recognition module and a light spot indication module; the image acquisition module is used to collect the image information of the fixed skull. The image acquisition module is equipped with a high-definition camera and an adjustable multi-angle rotating bracket, which can obtain high-resolution CT images and visible light images of the skull from different directions and distances, ensuring the comprehensiveness and clarity of the collected images, and providing sufficient data basis for subsequent accurate analysis; the image recognition module is used to perform in-depth processing on the collected skull image information, first using an image segmentation algorithm to separate the skull image from the background, and then using a texture analysis algorithm to extract the texture and vein features of the skull surface, and construct a probability model based on the association between skull texture and potential bone marrow distribution, which is expressed in mathematical formula as follows: Where P(M j |T i ) indicates that when the texture feature T is observed i In the case of bone marrow area M j The posterior probability of existence, P(T i |M j ) is in the bone marrow region M j Texture features T appear in i The conditional probability, P(M j ) is the bone marrow region M j The prior probability, P(T i ) is the texture feature T i The probability of occurrence is trained and optimized based on a large amount of known sample data, so that the model can accurately estimate the bone marrow enrichment area according to the skull texture and veins. Combined with the preset drilling safety depth threshold and drilling instrument size parameters, the drilling point coordinates are determined by solving the following optimization problem: Where m is the estimated number of candidate punching areas, α k is the bone marrow enrichment weight coefficient of the kth candidate region calculated based on the probability model, S k It is the effective area of ​​the kth candidate area that can be punched while satisfying the safety depth and instrument size constraints. The light spot indication module is used to highlight the recommended position on the skull based on the coordinates of the punching point determined by the image recognition module. The light spot indication module has a built-in high-precision laser generator that can accurately focus the laser beam on the skull surface based on the point coordinate information, forming a bright and easily recognizable light spot.

9. The skull bone marrow cell sampling device according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a control module and a hydraulic detection module, wherein the control module is connected to the electric drill control, and the hydraulic detection module is installed inside the delivery hose to detect the internal liquid pressure information and send it to the control module; the control module is used to receive the liquid pressure information, and after the liquid pressure information exceeds a preset threshold, generate control information of the vibration-assisted injection strategy, and the electric drill rotates after receiving the control information; When the hydraulic detection module detects that the liquid pressure P in the delivery hose exceeds the preset threshold value P th When the injection of flushing fluid is blocked, it indicates that there is an obstacle, which may reduce the efficiency of bone marrow cell extraction. At this time, the control module will start the vibration-assisted injection strategy; The flow of flushing fluid in the skull burr hole follows Darcy's law. Its flow rate Q is related to the pressure difference ΔP, the cross-sectional area of ​​the burr hole A, the dynamic viscosity of the liquid μ, and the length of the burr hole L. The expression is: Where K is the permeability of the borehole. Under normal circumstances, due to the complexity of the internal structure of the skull, the permeability K may be small, resulting in a low flow rate Q. When the electric drill starts to rotate and vibrates, a water hammer effect is generated, which will cause instantaneous pressure fluctuations in the borehole, thereby changing the permeability K. Assuming that the permeability change ΔK caused by vibration is related to the electric drill speed n, vibration frequency f and liquid pressure P, the following empirical formula is obtained by fitting a large amount of experimental data: ΔK=αn β f γ (P-P th ) δ ; Among them, α, β, γ, and δ are coefficients determined by experiments; the control module adjusts the pressure of the liquid P according to the pressure of the liquid P and the preset threshold P th The difference is combined with the above empirical formula to calculate the electric drill speed n and vibration frequency f that can maximize the permeability improvement, and the corresponding control information is generated and sent to the electric drill; after receiving the control information, the electric drill rotates at the calculated speed n and vibration frequency f to generate vibration.

10. A method for sampling skull bone marrow cells, characterized in that: A device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is used.

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