Split type striker and railway wagon

Abstract

The invention discloses a split type striker and a railway wagon, and belongs to the technical field of railway transportation traffic equipment.The split type striker comprises an upper striker body and a lower striker body; the impact seat upper body and the impact seat lower body are detachably connected; the striker upper body is used for being connected with an end beam of a railway wagon; a car coupler supporting seat, a buffering mechanism and a limiting mechanism are arranged on the striker lower body; the buffer mechanism is used for absorbing and dispersing impact force brought by the car coupler supporting seat; and the limiting mechanism is used for limiting the vertical displacement of the coupler supporting seat. According to the split type impact seat, the mode that the impact seat upper body and the impact seat lower body are detachable is adopted, convenient maintenance and replacement of the wearing plate, the car coupler supporting seat and the spring are achieved, the spring is limited and guided through the guide limiting rod, and clamping stagnation of the supporting seat caused by displacement, fracture and instability of the spring in the impact seat is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of railway transportation equipment, and particularly relates to a split impact seat and a railway freight car. Background Art

[0002] In the field of railway freight transportation, railway freight cars are an important part of the railway transportation system, and their safe and stable operation is directly related to the efficiency and quality of logistics transportation. As one of the core components of railway freight cars, the performance of the impact seat plays a crucial role in the running condition of the vehicle. Currently, there are mainly two manufacturing processes and various structural forms for impact seats used in railway freight cars globally. From the perspective of manufacturing processes, they are generally divided into castings and welded assemblies. Some countries use welded assembly impact seats. In terms of structural design, common ones include the "U"-shaped open structure and the closed "mouth"-shaped frame structure.

[0003] Most of the 70t-class railway freight cars in China adopt the "mouth"-shaped closed casting integral impact seat. The bottom of this impact seat is specially designed with a mounting groove for the coupler support seat, and wear plates are carefully welded on both sides of the mounting groove. The original intention of this design is to improve the wear resistance of the coupler support seat and the structural stability of the entire impact seat to adapt to the huge impact force suffered by railway freight cars during frequent starts and stops and on complex road conditions. However, in the long-term actual use process, many serious drawbacks have emerged in this structure: Since the opening width is only 97mm, this narrow dimension has become a major obstacle in the maintenance and replacement operations. When it is necessary to repair or replace the wear plate, coupler support seat, and support seat spring inside the impact seat, maintenance personnel have to face a cumbersome and time-consuming process of removing the entire coupler draft gear device. The coupler draft gear device is an extremely important part of the railway freight car coupler system, which contains many precision components. The disassembly process not only requires professional tools and rich experience, but also every step must be carried out strictly in accordance with the operating procedures, otherwise it is very easy to damage the components. When reinstalling, it is even more necessary to ensure that each component is accurately aligned, and only after careful debugging can the coupler draft gear device be restored to its normal working state. This complex operation process not only consumes a large amount of human and material resources, but also causes the railway freight car to be out of service for a long time, seriously affecting the operation efficiency of railway freight transportation and increasing the logistics cost; more seriously, the coupler support seat spring often shows abnormal phenomena such as displacement, breakage, and instability inside the impact seat. Due to the limited internal space of the impact seat, once these problems occur to the spring, it is very easy to cause the support seat to jam. When the coupler support seat jams, during the coupling process of railway freight cars, the coupler cannot be smoothly docked, resulting in coupling failure or insecure coupling, increasing the safety hazards during the vehicle operation. During operation, the coupler cannot flexibly buffer and adjust the longitudinal force according to the acceleration and deceleration of the train and the undulation of the line, making the force between vehicles uneven, exacerbating the wear of vehicle components, and even possibly triggering major safety accidents such as derailment, seriously threatening the safety and stability of railway transportation.

[0004] To effectively solve the above problems, it is urgent to improve the existing impact seat so that it can conveniently repair and replace the wear plate, coupler support seat, and support seat spring without removing the coupler draft gear device. At the same time, fundamentally solve the problem of the coupler support seat spring jamming inside the impact seat. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a split-type impact seat and a railway freight car for the above deficiencies, to solve the problem of the coupler support seat spring jamming inside the impact seat, and it can also conveniently repair and replace the wear plate, coupler support seat, and spring without removing the coupler draft gear device. To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A split-type impact seat, comprising an upper body of the impact seat and a lower body of the impact seat; the upper body of the impact seat and the lower body of the impact seat are detachably connected; the upper body of the impact seat is used for connecting with the end beam of the vehicle body; a coupler support seat and a buffer mechanism are provided on the lower body of the impact seat; the buffer mechanism is used for dispersing and buffering the impact force brought by the coupler support seat.

[0007] Further, the upper body of the impact seat is in a shape of, and a first connecting plate is provided at the bottom; the lower body of the impact seat includes an installation groove and a second connecting plate; the buffer mechanism is provided in the installation groove; second connecting plates are provided on the outer walls of opposite sides at the top of the installation groove.

[0008] Further, the buffer mechanism includes a guiding and limiting rod and a spring; the guiding and limiting rod is provided on the bottom plate of the installation groove; the spring is sleeved on the guiding and limiting rod; the coupler support seat is provided on the spring; the length of the guiding and limiting rod is less than the length of the spring in the compressed state when at rest under the action of the coupler support seat and the coupler.

[0009] Further, a limiting mechanism is further included; the limiting mechanism includes a first stop, a second stop and a third stop; long holes are provided on both sides of the installation groove; the long holes are located below the second connecting plate; second stops and third stops are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom and the top of the coupler support seat corresponding to the long holes; one end of the first stop passes through the long hole and is located between the second stop and the third stop.

[0010] Further, corresponding rivet holes are provided on the other ends of the first connecting plate, the second connecting plate and the first stop; rivets are provided in the rivet holes, and the first connecting plate, the second connecting plate and the first stop are fixed together by the rivets.

[0011] Further, wear plates are provided on the inner side walls of the installation groove.

[0012] Further, first stiffening plates are provided on the side walls of the upper body of the impact seat; the first stiffening plates are perpendicular to the side walls of the upper body of the impact seat.

[0013] Further, second stiffening plates are provided between the second connecting plate and the outer side wall of the installation groove; the second stiffening plates are perpendicular to both the second connecting plate and the outer side wall of the installation groove.

[0014] A railway freight car, comprising a coupler, a vehicle body and the above split-type impact seat; the split-type impact seat is installed on the end beam of the railway freight car through the upper body of the impact seat; the coupler is arranged on the coupler support seat of the split-type impact seat and is used for connecting between vehicle bodies.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] The present invention discloses a split impact seat and a railway freight car. The split impact seat includes an upper impact seat body and a lower impact seat body; the upper impact seat body and the upper impact seat body are detachably connected; the upper impact seat body is used for connecting with the end beam of the railway freight car; the lower impact seat body is provided with a coupler support seat, a buffer mechanism and a limiting mechanism; the buffer mechanism is used for absorbing and dispersing the impact force brought by the coupler support seat; the limiting mechanism is used for restricting the vertical displacement of the coupler support seat. The split impact seat of the present invention adopts a detachable manner of the upper impact seat body and the lower impact seat body, realizing convenient maintenance and replacement of the wear plate, the coupler support seat and the spring, and limiting and guiding the spring through the guiding and limiting rod, avoiding the coupler support seat from getting stuck due to the displacement, breakage and instability of the spring in the impact seat. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the split impact seat of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is a front view of the split impact seat of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 is a front view of the upper impact seat body of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 is a top view of the upper impact seat body of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 is a front view of the lower impact seat body of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 is a side view of the lower impact seat body of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the coupler support seat of the present invention;

[0024] In the drawings: 1 - upper impact seat body, 11 - hook door side column, 12 - hook door upper frame, 13 - first connecting plate, 14 - first rib plate, 2 - lower impact seat body, 21 - installation groove, 211 - base, 212 - side plate, 23 - second connecting plate, 24 - second rib plate, 25 - long slot, 3 - coupler support seat, 31 - second stop member, 32 - third stop member, 4 - buffer mechanism, 41 - guiding and limiting rod, 42 - spring, 5 - first stop member, 6 - rivet hole, 7 - wear plate, 8 - end beam, 9 - rivet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0025] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure can be more thoroughly understood and the scope of the present disclosure can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0026] It should be understood that the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only and are not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" as used herein may also include the plural forms. The terms "comprising", "including", "containing", and "having" are inclusive and thus specify the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring their performance in the particular order described or illustrated, unless the order of performance is explicitly stated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0027] Although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers, and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or section from another. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first", "second", and other numerical terms when used herein do not imply an order or sequence. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer, or section discussed below may be referred to as a second element, component, region, layer, or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments.

[0028] For ease of description, spatial relative relationship terms may be used in the text to describe the relationship of one element or feature shown in the figure with respect to another element or feature. These relative relationship terms are, for example, "inside", "outside", "inner side", "outer side", "below", "beneath", "above", "over", etc. The meaning of such spatial relative relationship terms includes different orientations of the device during use or operation other than the orientations depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, then an element described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features will subsequently be oriented as "above" or "over" other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "below" can include both upward and downward orientations. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions) and the spatial relative relationship descriptors used in the text are accordingly interpreted.

[0029] Embodiment 1

[0030] See appendix Figures 1 to 7 The split impact seat of the present invention includes an upper impact seat body 1 and a lower impact seat body 2. The upper impact seat body 1 and the lower impact seat body 2 are detachably connected. The split impact seat of the present invention is fixed on the freight car body by fixedly connecting the upper impact seat body 1 to the end beam 8 of the car body. A coupler support seat 3 and a buffer mechanism 4 are provided on the lower impact seat body 2. Among them, the coupler is fixedly installed on the coupler support seat 3. When the railway freight car starts and stops frequently and during operation, the coupler directly bears huge impact forces. The buffer mechanism 4 is used to absorb and disperse the impact forces transmitted by the coupler to the coupler support seat 3. The split impact seat of the present invention adopts a detachable manner of the upper impact seat body 1 and the lower impact seat body 2, and the coupler support seat 3 and the buffer mechanism 4 are arranged on the lower impact seat body 2. In this way, only the lower impact seat body 2 needs to be removed, and the coupler support seat 3 and the buffer mechanism 4 can be repaired and replaced without removing the entire coupler and buffer device, which is more convenient and has higher work efficiency.

[0031] Specifically, the upper impact seat body 1 is inverted type, as shown in appendix Figure 3 and appendix Figure 4 The upper impact seat body 1 can be composed of two hook door side columns 11 and a hook door upper frame 12. A first connecting plate 13 is provided at the bottom of the hook door side column 11 for connecting with the lower impact seat body 2. First rib plates 14 are also provided on the hook door side columns 11 and the hook door upper frame 12. The first rib plates 14 are perpendicular to the two hook door side columns 11 and the hook door upper frame 12 to improve the structural stiffness of the upper impact seat body 1. The hook door side columns, the hook door upper frame 12, the first rib plates 14 and the first connecting plate 13 can be formed by group welding or by integral casting. The lower impact seat body 2 includes an installation groove 21 and a second connecting plate 23. Among them, the installation groove 21 is a top-opening inner cavity composed of a base 211 and two front and rear side plates 212, as shown in appendixFigure 5 and attachment Figure 6 As shown, second connecting plates 23 are provided on the outer walls on both sides of the top of the base 211. Second rib plates 24 are further provided between the second connecting plates 23 and the base 211. The second rib plates 24 are perpendicular to both the second connecting plates 23 and the base 211, so as to improve the structural stiffness of the mounting groove 21 and the second connecting plates 23. The base 211, the front and rear side plates 212, the second rib plates 24 and the second connecting plates 23 can be formed by group welding or can be integral castings. Corresponding rivet holes 6 are provided on both the first connecting plate 13 and the second connecting plate 23. The rivets 9 pass through the rivet holes 6 to fix the upper body 1 of the impact seat and the lower body 2 of the impact seat together, forming a "mouth"-shaped hook door.

[0032] Specifically, the buffer mechanism 4 includes a guiding and limiting rod 41 and a spring 42. A plurality of guiding and limiting rods 41 are provided on the bottom plate in the mounting groove 21. The spring 42 is sleeved on the guiding and limiting rod 41. The length of the spring 42 is greater than the length of the guiding and limiting rod 41. The coupler support 3 is fixedly installed on the spring 42. Since the coupler is fixedly installed on the coupler support 3, in the static state, the spring 42 is in a compressed state under the combined action of the coupler and the coupler support 3. At this time, the length of the spring 42 after being compressed should also be greater than the length of the limiting rod, and the length difference therebetween satisfies that the spring 42 can be further compressed to disperse and buffer the impact force brought by the coupler through the coupler support 3, and protect the coupler and the wagon end beam 8 from damage. The guiding and limiting rod 41 limits and guides the spring 42 to prevent the spring 42 from displacing, breaking or becoming unstable in the mounting groove 21 and causing the coupler support 3 to be stuck. Wear plates 7 are provided on the inner side walls of the mounting groove 21, and wear plates 7 can be provided on both the front and rear side plates 212 for frictional wear with both sides of the coupler support 3, effectively reducing the wear between the coupler support 3 and the lower body 2 of the impact seat.

[0033] Specifically, a limiting mechanism 5 is further provided in the lower body 2 of the impact seat. The limiting mechanism 5 includes a first stop member 5, a second stop member 31 and a third stop member 32. Long strip holes 25 are provided on both side surfaces of the base 211 of the mounting groove 21. The long strip holes 25 are located below the second connecting plates 23. Second stop members 31 are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom of the support corresponding to the long strip holes 25, and third stop members 32 are respectively provided on both sides of the top of the support corresponding to the long strip holes 25, as shown in the attachment Figure 7As shown, it is the overall shape of the coupler support seat 3. One end of the first stop member 5 passes through the long slot 25 and enters the installation groove 21, located between the second stop member 31 and the third stop member 32, and cooperates with the second stop member 31 and the third stop member 32 to further limit the vertical displacement of the coupler support seat 3. It should be understood that the position of the long slot 25 here should be higher than the top of the guiding and limiting rod 41. At the position corresponding to the rivet holes 6 on the first connecting plate 13 and the second connecting plate 23 at the other end of the first stop member 5, there are also rivet holes 6. The rivet 9 passes through the rivet holes 6 of the first connecting plate 13, the second connecting plate 23, and the first stop member 5 in sequence to fix the first connecting plate 13, the second connecting plate 23, and the first stop member 5 together.

[0034] Embodiment 2

[0035] A railway freight car includes a coupler, a car body, and the split impact seat of Embodiment 1. Three rivet holes 6 can be evenly arranged on the two hook door side columns 11 of the impact seat upper body 1. The rivet 9 passes through the rivet holes 6 on the hook door side columns 11 and the car body end beam 8 to fix the entire split impact seat on the car body, and the coupler is fixedly installed on the coupler support seat 3 for mechanical connection between car bodies to form a railway freight car. Other structures of the railway freight car are already in the prior art and are well-known to those skilled in the art, so other structures of the railway freight car will not be described in detail here.

[0036] All technical features in this embodiment can be freely combined according to actual needs. The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not restrictive. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention. The technologies, shapes, and structures not described in detail in the present invention are all well-known technologies.

[0037] The above embodiments are the preferred implementation solutions of the present invention. In addition, there are other implementation methods. Any obvious replacement without departing from the concept of the technical solution of the present invention is within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A split impact seat, characterized in that: it comprises an impact seat upper body (1) and an impact seat lower body (2); the impact seat upper body (1) and the impact seat lower body (2) are detachably connected; the impact seat upper body (1) is used to be connected to the end beam (8) of the vehicle body; the impact seat lower body (2) is provided with a coupler support seat (3) and a buffer mechanism (4); the buffer mechanism (4) is used to disperse and buffer the impact force brought by the coupler support seat (3).

2. A split impact seat according to claim 2, characterized in that: The impact seat upper body (1) is The impact seat lower body (2) comprises a mounting groove (21) and a second connecting plate (23); a buffer mechanism (4) is provided in the mounting groove (21); and second connecting plates (23) are provided on the outer walls of the top of the mounting groove (21) on two opposite sides.

3. A split impact seat according to claim 2, characterized in that: The buffer mechanism (4) comprises a guide limit rod (41) and a spring (42); a guide limit rod (41) is provided on the bottom plate of the mounting groove (21); a spring (42) is sleeved on the guide limit rod (41); a coupler support seat (3) is provided on the spring (42); the length of the guide limit rod (41) is less than the length of the spring (42) in a compressed state when in a stationary state under the action of the coupler support seat (3) and the coupler.

4. The split impact seat according to claim 2, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a limiting mechanism; the limiting mechanism comprises a first stopper (5), a second stopper (31) and a third stopper (32); two side surfaces of the installation groove (21) are provided with elongated holes (25); the elongated holes (25) are located below the second connecting plate (23); the bottom and top of the coupler support seat (3) are provided with a second stopper (31) and a third stopper (32) on both sides corresponding to the elongated holes (25); one end of the first stopper (5) passes through the elongated holes (25) and is located between the second stopper (31) and the third stopper (32).

5. The split impact seat according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first connecting plate (13), the second connecting plate (23) and the other end of the first stopper (5) are provided with corresponding rivet holes (6); a rivet (9) is provided in the rivet hole (6), and the first connecting plate (13), the second connecting plate (23) and the first stopper (5) are fixed together by the rivet (9).

6. The split impact seat according to claim 2, characterized in that: A wear plate (7) is provided on the inner side wall of the installation groove (21).

7. The split impact seat according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first rib plate (14) is provided on the side wall of the impact seat upper body (1); the first rib plate (14) is perpendicular to the side wall of the impact seat upper body (1).

8. The split impact seat according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second rib plate (24) is provided between the second connecting plate (23) and the outer side wall of the mounting groove (21); the second rib plate (24) is perpendicular to the second connecting plate (23) and the outer side wall of the mounting groove (21).

9. A railway freight car, characterized in that: It comprises a coupler, a car body and a split impact seat as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9; the split impact seat is installed on the end beam (8) of a railway freight car through an impact seat upper body (1); the coupler is arranged on a coupler support seat (3) of the split impact seat and is used for connection between car bodies.

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