Miniature conical twin-screw extrusion melt spinning equipment and spinning process

Abstract

The invention discloses miniature conical twin-screw extrusion melt spinning equipment and a spinning technology.The spinning equipment comprises a vertical miniature conical twin-screw extruder, a tow drafting and winding assembly and a melt pump, and the vertical miniature conical twin-screw extruder comprises a machine body, a first shell and a second shell; a first double-cone-shaped groove and a second double-cone-shaped groove are formed in the sides, close to each other, of the first shell and the second shell respectively, a first screw and a second screw which form an included angle are arranged between the first double-cone-shaped groove and the second double-cone-shaped groove, a driving mechanism is arranged on the machine body, and a feeding pipe communicated with the second double-cone-shaped groove is fixed to the side wall of the second shell. A feeding pipe communicated with the feeding pipe through a hose is fixed to the machine body, an extrusion hole is formed in the position, close to the bottom of the second shell, of the side wall of the second shell, and a feeding port of the melt pump is fixed and communicated with the extrusion hole through a hose. Various raw materials can be directly subjected to melt blending through the vertical micro conical double-screw extruder, and the spinning efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of polymer material spinning, and particularly relates to a micro-conical twin-screw extrusion melting spinning device and a spinning process. Background Art

[0002] The screw extruder plays a crucial role in the polymer material spinning process. It can transport, mix, and melt solid polymer chips into a melt and extrude it quantitatively. Specifically, under the action of the screw of the screw extruder, the polymer chips are gradually heated and melted, and finally, through the melt pump / spinning pump and the spinneret assembly, fine filaments are ejected from the spinneret holes of the spinneret plate, and then, after cooling, drawing, and winding, a polymer material filament bundle is finally formed, which is suitable for the preparation of fiber materials such as special fibers, medical fibers, glass fibers, and nanofibers.

[0003] Due to the many advantages of the single-screw extruder (such as: the heating system of the single-screw extruder is more precise, and the temperature and pressure of the extruder can be better controlled, so as to achieve higher-quality fiber spinning), in the traditional technology, a single-screw extruder is usually used in combination with a melt pump for spinning.

[0004] In actual use, in order to endow the fiber filament bundle with specific functions, the polymer chips and functional masterbatch (such as: to enhance the flame retardant performance of the filament bundle, functional particles with good flame retardancy need to be added) are usually added to a twin-screw extruder for melting and mixing, extrusion granulation, and then, the granulated material is introduced into a single-screw extruder for melting and extrusion, and the melted and extruded material enters the melt pump for spinning. The operation is relatively cumbersome and is not conducive to improving the melting spinning efficiency of multi-component materials. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a micro-conical twin-screw extrusion melting spinning device and a spinning process.

[0006] The above technical object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: A micro cone twin-screw extrusion melt spinning device, including a vertical micro cone twin-screw extruder, a tow drawing and winding assembly arranged on one side of the vertical micro cone twin-screw extruder, and a melt pump located between the tow drawing and winding assembly and the vertical micro cone twin-screw extruder. The vertical micro cone twin-screw extruder includes a machine body, a first housing fixed on the housing of the machine body, and a second housing connected to the first housing. On the sides of the first housing and the second housing close to each other, a first double conical groove and a second double conical groove are respectively arranged. Between the first double conical groove and the second double conical groove, a first screw and a second screw that form an angle with each other are arranged. On the machine body, a driving mechanism is provided for driving the first screw and the second screw to rotate synchronously. At a position on the side wall of the second housing close to its top, a feed pipe communicating with the second double conical groove is fixed. On the machine body, a feeding pipe communicating with the feed pipe through a hose is fixed. At a position on the side wall of the second housing close to its bottom, an extrusion hole communicating with the bottom of the second double conical groove is arranged. The feed port of the melt pump is fixedly connected and communicated with the extrusion hole through a hose.

[0007] Further, on the side of the second housing close to the first housing, a reserved groove surrounding the second double conical groove is arranged. The depth of the reserved groove is 1-2 mm. On the side walls of the second housing and the first housing close to each other, a sealing ring surrounding the reserved groove is fixed. The upper section of the extrusion hole is V-shaped, and the lower section of the extrusion hole is a curved circular arc. An installation hole communicating with the arc section of the extrusion hole is penetrated through the second housing. On the second housing, a control block that is in clearance fit with the installation hole is arranged. On the control block, a discharge hole parallel to the arc section of the extrusion hole and having the same aperture is arranged. On the second housing, a driving component for controlling the rotation of the control block is also arranged.

[0008] Further, on the bottom plate of the machine body, a lower pressure sensor for detecting the pressure at the bottoms of the first housing and the second housing is fixed. The small end diameters of both the first screw and the second screw are 8-12 mm, the diameter ratio of the first screw and the second screw is 1:2.5, and the gear clearance of the melt pump is 50-80 μm.

[0009] Further, the tow drawing and winding assembly includes an installation shell, a cooling pipe fixed to one side of the installation shell close to the vertical mini conical twin-screw extruder, and a side plate fixed to the air outlet end of the cooling pipe. The bottom of the melt pump penetrates through the top of the cooling pipe and is fixed. A spinneret is detachably connected in a reserved hole at the bottom of the melt pump. The tow drawing and winding assembly further includes a sizing unit arranged on the installation shell, a first guiding rod arranged on the installation shell and below the sizing unit, a guiding roller rotatably installed on the installation shell and below the first guiding rod, a lower guiding roller rotatably installed on the installation shell and on one side of the guiding roller, a lower heating drawing roller rotatably installed on the installation shell and above the lower guiding roller, a middle guiding roller rotatably installed on the installation shell and above the lower heating drawing roller, a middle heating drawing roller rotatably installed on the installation shell and above the middle guiding roller, an upper heating drawing roller rotatably installed on the installation shell and on the side of the middle guiding roller away from the side plate, an upper guiding roller rotatably installed on the installation shell and below the upper heating drawing roller, a second guiding rod rotatably installed on the installation shell and below the upper guiding roller, and a winding unit arranged on the installation shell and below the second guiding rod.

[0010] Further, a first pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the melt entering the melt pump is arranged at the top of the melt pump, and a second pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the melt extruded by the melt pump is arranged on the side of the melt pump away from the vertical mini conical twin-screw extruder.

[0011] Further, both the first screw and the second screw penetrate through the shell of the machine shell and are rotatably connected. The driving mechanism includes a transmission assembly and a driving assembly. The transmission assembly includes an installation frame fixed inside the machine shell, a first rotating rod rotatably installed on the installation frame, a second rotating rod rotatably installed on the installation frame and parallel to the first rotating rod, a transmission rod penetrating through and rotatably connected to the installation frame, a long gear fixedly sleeved on the transmission rod, an upper gear fixedly sleeved on the first rotating rod and meshing with the long gear, a lower gear fixedly sleeved on the second rotating rod and meshing with the long gear, a first rod body sleeved on the first rotating rod and key-connected to the first rotating rod, and a second rod body sleeved on the second rotating rod and key-connected to the second rotating rod. The lower gear and the upper gear are distributed in a staggered manner. A first connection groove is arranged at the upper end of the first screw, and a first spherical part tightly abutted against the inner bottom of the first connection groove is integrally formed at the lower end of the first rod body. A second connection groove is arranged at the upper end of the second screw, and a second spherical part tightly abutted against the inner bottom of the second connection groove is integrally formed at the lower end of the second rod body. The driving assembly is used to drive the transmission rod to rotate.

[0012] Further, the driving assembly includes a slave synchronous pulley fixed to the upper end of the transmission rod, a master synchronous pulley rotatably installed inside the machine shell, a motor fixed inside the machine shell and coaxial and fixed with the master synchronous pulley, and a synchronous belt meshing with both the master synchronous pulley and the slave synchronous pulley.

[0013] The present application also discloses a micro conical twin-screw extrusion melt spinning process, which includes the following steps: S1. The material is melt-extruded by a vertical micro conical twin-screw extruder: The composite raw material for making fiber filaments is added to the second double conical groove through the feeding pipe and the inlet pipe. The motor works and drives the main synchronous pulley to rotate, so that the synchronous belt, the driven synchronous pulley, the transmission rod, the long gear, the upper gear, the first rotating rod, the first rod body, the first screw, the lower gear, the second rotating rod, the second rod body and the second screw all rotate synchronously. At the same time, the first housing and the second housing are heated. The first screw and the second screw cooperate to melt and extrude the composite raw material. After the melt extrusion time reaches the requirement, the driving component controls the control block to rotate, so that the discharge hole on the control block is parallel to the arc section of the extrusion hole, so as to facilitate the extruded material to enter the melt pump from the extrusion hole; S2. Melt spinning: The melt material entering the melt pump is extruded between the double gears inside it, and then enters the spinneret from the discharge port of the melt pump and is ejected through the spinning holes on the spinneret to form fiber filaments; S3. Cooling: The fiber filament bundle made by the melt pump enters between the two side plates, and the cooling air of the cooling pipe quickly cools the filament bundle; S4. Sizing: The filament bundle after cooling and temperature reduction passes through the sizing roller of the sizing unit and completes the sizing operation, so that multiple bundles of fiber filaments are combined into one fiber filament under the action of the viscous sizing agent; S5. Heating and stretching and winding: The sized fiber filaments sequentially bypass the first guiding rod, the guiding roller, the lower guiding roller, the lower heating stretching roller, the middle guiding roller, the middle heating stretching roller, the upper heating stretching roller, the upper guiding roller, and the second guiding rod and are wound by the winding unit.

[0014] Further, the temperatures of the lower heating stretching roller, the middle heating stretching roller, and the upper heating stretching roller are all 350±1°C, and the stretching speeds of the lower heating stretching roller, the middle heating stretching roller, and the upper heating stretching roller are 3000 r / min.

[0015] Further, the rotation speeds of the first screw and the second screw are both 50-150 r / min, the compression ratio of the first screw and the second screw is 3:1-4:1, the rotation speed error between the melt pump and the first screw is <0.5%, and the outlet pressure fluctuation of the melt pump is controlled within ±0.3 MPa.

[0016] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present application can directly melt and blend a variety of raw materials through a vertical micro conical twin-screw extruder, and then perform melt spinning through a melt pump, eliminating the cumbersome operations of first extruding and granulating with a parallel twin-screw extruder and then melt extruding with a single-screw extruder, and improving the spinning efficiency; 2. In this application, the downward pressure sensor can detect the downward pressure of the first housing and the second housing, facilitating the monitoring of the extrusion pressure of the vertical micro-cone twin-screw extruder by the control center of the equipment, and assisting in protecting the micro-cone twin-screw extruder. The limitation of the diameters of the first screw and the second screw and the limitation of the gear clearance of the melt pump ensure the extrusion pressure and spinning pressure of the melt material, ensuring the quality of melt spinning. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is Figure 1 the enlarged schematic diagram at A in Figure 3 is Figure 1 the structural schematic diagram from another perspective; Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention for highlighting the reserved hole; Figure 5 is the plan view of an embodiment of the present invention for highlighting the drafting of the spinning warp yarn by the yarn beam drafting and winding assembly; Figure 6 is the structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention for highlighting the drive mechanism; Figure 7 is Figure 6 the enlarged schematic diagram at B in Figure 8 is the plan view of an embodiment of the present invention for highlighting the first spherical part and the second spherical part.

[0018] In the figure: 1. Vertical micro cone twin-screw extruder; 11. Machine body; 111. Feeding pipe; 112. Lower pressure sensor; 12. First housing; 121. First double conical groove; 122. First screw; 1221. First connection groove; 13. Second housing; 131. Second double conical groove; 132. Second screw; 1321. Second connection groove; 133. Feed pipe; 134. Extrusion hole; 135. Reserved groove; 136. Sealing ring; 137. Mounting hole; 138. Storage tank; 2. Tow drafting and winding assembly; 21. Mounting shell; 22. Cooling pipeline; 23. Side plate; 24. Sizing unit; 25. First guide rod; 26. Guide roller; 27. Lower guide roller; 28. Lower heating and drafting roller; 29. Middle guide roller; 30. Middle heating and drafting roller; 31. Upper heating and drafting roller; 32. Upper guide roller; 33. Second guide rod; 34. Winding unit; 3. Melt pump; 301. Reserved hole; 302. First pressure sensor; 303. Second pressure sensor; 4. Driving mechanism; 41. Transmission assembly; 411. Mounting frame; 412. First rotating rod; 413. Second rotating rod; 414. Transmission rod; 415. Long gear; 416. Upper gear; 417. Lower gear; 418. First rod body; 4181. First spherical part; 419. Second rod body; 4191. Second spherical part; 42. Driving assembly; 421. Slave synchronous pulley; 422. Master synchronous pulley; 423. Motor; 424. Timing belt; 5. Control block; 51. Discharge hole. Detailed implementation manners

[0019] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application; obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0020] Such as Figures 1-8As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present application discloses a micro cone twin-screw extrusion melt spinning device, which includes a vertical micro cone twin-screw extruder 1, a tow drawing and winding assembly 2 arranged on one side of the vertical micro cone twin-screw extruder 1, and a melt pump 3 located between the tow drawing and winding assembly 2 and the vertical micro cone twin-screw extruder 1. The vertical micro cone twin-screw extruder 1 includes a machine body 11, a first housing 12 fixed on the housing of the machine body 11, and a second housing 13 connected to the first housing 12. On the sides of the first housing 12 and the second housing 13 close to each other, a first double conical groove 121 and a second double conical groove 131 are respectively arranged. Between the first double conical groove 121 and the second double conical groove 131, a first screw 122 and a second screw 132 forming an included angle with each other are arranged. On the machine body 11, a driving mechanism 4 is arranged for driving the first screw 122 and the second screw 132 to rotate synchronously. At a position on the side wall of the second housing 13 close to its top, a feed pipe 133 communicating with the second double conical groove 131 is fixed. On the machine body 11, a feeding pipe 111 communicating with the feed pipe 133 through a hose is fixed. At a position on the side wall of the second housing 13 close to its bottom, an extrusion hole 134 communicating with the bottom of the second double conical groove 131 is arranged. The feed port of the melt pump 3 is fixedly connected and communicated with the extrusion hole 134 through a hose.

[0021] A variety of raw materials for making fiber filaments can be directly added into the second double conical groove 131 from the feeding pipe 111 and the feed pipe 133. The driving mechanism 4 drives the first screw 122 and the second screw 132 to rotate synchronously. The first screw 122 and the second screw 132 cooperate to melt and extrude the composite raw materials. The melt-blended material enters the melt pump 3 from the extrusion hole 134. The melt pump 3 performs melt spinning on the melt material. The tow drawing and winding assembly 2 heats up and draws the made tow and then winds it up. This application of the present application eliminates the cumbersome operations of first extruding and granulating with a parallel twin-screw extruder and then melt extruding with a single-screw extruder, and improves the spinning efficiency.

[0022] On the side of the second housing 13 close to the first housing 12, a reserved groove 135 surrounding the second double conical groove 131 is arranged. The depth of the reserved groove 135 is 1-2 mm. On the side walls of the second housing 13 and the first housing 12 close to each other, a sealing ring 136 surrounding the reserved groove 135 is fixed. The upper section of the extrusion hole 134 is V-shaped, and the lower section of the extrusion hole 134 is a curved circular arc. An installation hole 137 communicating with the arc section of the extrusion hole 134 is penetrated through the second housing 13. On the second housing 13, a control block 5 with a clearance fit with the installation hole 137 is arranged. On the control block 5, a discharge hole 51 parallel to the arc section of the extrusion hole 134 and with the same aperture is arranged. On the second housing 13, a driving component (not shown in the figure) for controlling the rotation of the control block 5 is also arranged.

[0023] During the process of melt blending of the materials, the driving component drives the control block 5 to rotate, causing the discharge hole 51 to be misaligned with the arc section of the extrusion hole 134. The control block 5 blocks the molten materials, enabling the materials to be fully melt-blended. After melt blending, the driving component drives the control block 5 to rotate, making the discharge hole 51 parallel to the arc section of the extrusion hole 134. The melt-blended materials are discharged through the extrusion hole 134 and subjected to melt spinning operation by the melt pump 3.

[0024] To ensure the continuity during the melt spinning process of the materials, a storage tank 138 communicating with the second double conical groove 131 is provided on one side of the second housing 13. One end of the storage tank 138 away from the feed pipe 133 communicates with one side of the mounting hole 137 away from the discharge end of the extrusion hole 134. The melt generated during the process of the control block 5 blocking the extrusion hole 134 is fully mixed and then enters the storage tank 138 for storage from the end of the storage tank 138 close to the feed pipe 133. When one end of the discharge hole 51 is aligned with the end of the storage tank 138 away from the feed pipe 133 (the control block 5 still maintains the state of blocking the extrusion hole 134), the melt materials in the storage tank 138 are discharged from the extrusion hole 134 through the prefabricated discharge hole 51 (communicating with the extrusion hole 134, not shown in the figure) in the control block 5 and are subjected to melt spinning operation by the melt pump 3, ensuring the continuity of the equipment for spinning.

[0025] A lower pressure sensor 112 for detecting the pressure at the bottoms of the first housing 12 and the second housing 13 is fixed on the bottom plate of the machine body 11. The small end diameters of both the first screw 122 and the second screw 132 are 8 - 12 mm, and the diameter ratios of the first screw 122 and the second screw 132 are both 1:2.5. The gear clearance of the melt pump 3 is 50 - 80 μm.

[0026] The lower pressure sensor 112 can detect the downward pressure of the first housing 12 and the second housing 13, facilitating the control center of the equipment to monitor the extrusion pressure of the vertical micro cone twin-screw extruder 1 and assisting in protecting the micro cone twin-screw extruder. The limitation of the diameters of the first screw 122 and the second screw 132 and the limitation of the gear clearance of the melt pump 3 ensure the extrusion pressure and spinning pressure of the melt materials, guaranteeing the quality of melt spinning.

[0027] The tow drawing and winding assembly 2 includes a mounting shell 21, a cooling pipe 22 fixed to one side of the mounting shell 21 close to the vertical mini conical twin-screw extruder 1, and a side plate 23 fixed to the air outlet end of the cooling pipe 22. The bottom of the melt pump 3 penetrates through the top of the cooling pipe 22 and is fixed. A spinneret is detachably connected in a reserved hole 301 at the bottom of the melt pump 3. The tow drawing and winding assembly 2 further includes a sizing unit 24 arranged on the mounting shell 21, a first guiding rod 25 arranged on the mounting shell 21 and below the sizing unit 24, a guiding roller 26 rotatably mounted on the mounting shell 21 and below the first guiding rod 25, a lower guiding roller 27 rotatably mounted on the mounting shell 21 and on one side of the guiding roller 26, a lower heating and drawing roller 28 rotatably mounted on the mounting shell 21 and above the lower guiding roller 27, a middle guiding roller 29 rotatably mounted on the mounting shell 21 and above the lower heating and drawing roller 28, a middle heating and drawing roller 30 rotatably mounted on the mounting shell 21 and above the middle guiding roller 29, an upper heating and drawing roller 31 rotatably mounted on the mounting shell 21 and on the side of the middle guiding roller 29 away from the side plate 23, an upper guiding roller 32 rotatably mounted on the mounting shell 21 and below the upper heating and drawing roller 31, a second guiding rod 33 rotatably mounted on the mounting shell 21 and below the upper guiding roller 32, and a winding unit 34 arranged on the mounting shell 21 and below the second guiding rod 33.

[0028] The melt material entering the melt pump 3 is extruded between the double gears inside it, and then enters the spinneret from the discharge port of the melt pump 3 and is ejected through the spinneret holes on the spinneret to form fiber filaments. The fiber tow produced by the melt pump 3 enters between the two side plates 23, and the cooling air of the cooling pipe 22 quickly cools the tow. The tow after cooling passes through the sizing roller of the sizing unit 24 and completes the sizing operation, so that multiple fiber filaments are combined into one fiber filament under the action of the viscous sizing agent. The sized fiber filaments sequentially bypass the first guiding rod 25, the guiding roller 26, the lower guiding roller 27, the lower heating and drawing roller 28, the middle guiding roller 29, the middle heating and drawing roller 30, the upper heating and drawing roller 31, the upper guiding roller 32, the second guiding rod 33 and are then wound by the winding unit 34.

[0029] A first pressure sensor 302 for detecting the pressure of the melt entering the interior of the melt pump 3 is arranged at the top of the melt pump 3, and a second pressure sensor 303 for detecting the melt pressure extruded by the melt pump 3 is arranged on the side of the melt pump 3 away from the vertical mini conical twin-screw extruder 1.

[0030] The first pressure sensor 302 and the second pressure sensor 303 respectively monitor the melt inflow pressure at the inlet of the melt pump 3 and the spinning pressure at the outlet of the melt pump 3, which is beneficial to controlling the melt spinning process and ensuring the spinning quality and efficiency.

[0031] The first screw rod 122 and the second screw rod 132 both penetrate through the housing of the machine shell and are rotatably connected. The driving mechanism 4 includes a transmission assembly 41 and a driving assembly 42. The transmission assembly 41 includes a mounting frame 411 fixed inside the machine shell, a first rotating rod 412 rotatably mounted on the mounting frame 411, a second rotating rod 413 rotatably mounted on the mounting frame 411 and parallel to the first rotating rod 412, a transmission rod 414 penetrating through the mounting frame 411 and rotatably connected, a long gear 415 fixedly sleeved on the transmission rod 414, an upper gear 416 fixedly sleeved on the first rotating rod 412 and meshing with the long gear 415, a lower gear 417 fixedly sleeved on the second rotating rod 413 and meshing with the long gear 415, a first rod body 418 sleeved on the first rotating rod 412 and key-connected to the first rotating rod 412, and a second rod body 419 sleeved on the second rotating rod 413 and key-connected to the second rotating rod 413. The lower gear 417 and the upper gear 416 are staggeredly distributed. The upper end of the first screw rod 122 is provided with a first connection groove 1221, and the lower end of the first rod body 418 is integrally formed with a first spherical portion 4181 that abuts against the inner bottom of the first connection groove 1221. The upper end of the second screw rod 132 is provided with a second connection groove 1321, and the lower end of the second rod body 419 is integrally formed with a second spherical portion 4191 that abuts against the inner bottom of the second connection groove 1321. The driving assembly 42 is used to drive the transmission rod 414 to rotate.

[0032] The driving assembly 42 includes a slave synchronous pulley 421 fixed to the upper end of the transmission rod 414, a master synchronous pulley 422 rotatably mounted inside the machine shell, a motor 423 fixed inside the machine shell and coaxial and fixed with the master synchronous pulley 422, and a synchronous belt 424 meshing with both the master synchronous pulley 422 and the slave synchronous pulley 421.

[0033] When the motor 423 operates and drives the master synchronous pulley 422 to rotate, the synchronous belt 424, the slave synchronous pulley 421, the transmission rod 414, the long gear 415, the upper gear 416, the first rotating rod 412, the first rod body 418, the first screw rod 122, the lower gear 417, the second rotating rod 413, the second rod body 419, and the second screw rod 132 all rotate synchronously. At the same time, the first housing 12 and the second housing 13 are heated. The first screw rod 122 and the second screw rod 132 cooperate to melt and extrude the composite raw material. After the melting and extrusion time reaches the requirement, the driving component controls the control block 5 to rotate, so that the discharge hole 51 on the control block 5 is parallel to the arc section of the extrusion hole 134, thereby facilitating the extruded material to enter the melt pump 3 from the extrusion hole 134.

[0034] This embodiment also discloses a micro cone twin-screw extrusion melting spinning process, including the following steps: S1. The material is melted and extruded by a vertical micro conical twin-screw extruder 1: The composite raw material for making fiber filaments is added to the second double conical groove 131 through the feeding pipe 111 and the feeding tube 133. The motor 423 operates to drive the main synchronous pulley 422 to rotate, thereby causing the synchronous belt 424, the slave synchronous pulley 421, the transmission rod 414, the long gear 415, the upper gear 416, the first rotating rod 412, the first rod body 418, the first screw 122, the lower gear 417, the second rotating rod 413, the second rod body 419, and the second screw 132 to rotate synchronously. At the same time, the first housing 12 and the second housing 13 are heated. The first screw 122 and the second screw 132 cooperate to melt and extrude the composite raw material. After the melting and extrusion time reaches the requirement, the driving component controls the control block 5 to rotate, so that the discharge hole 51 on the control block 5 is parallel to the arc section of the extrusion hole 134, thereby facilitating the extruded material to enter the melt pump 3 from the extrusion hole 134; S2. Melt spinning: The melt material entering the melt pump 3 is extruded between the double gears inside it, and then enters the spinneret from the discharge port of the melt pump 3 and is ejected through the spinneret holes on the spinneret to form fiber filaments; S3. Cooling: The fiber filament bundle produced by the melt pump 3 enters between the two side plates 23, and the cooling air of the cooling pipe 22 quickly cools the filament bundle; S4. Sizing: The filament bundle after cooling and temperature reduction passes through the sizing rollers of the sizing unit 24 and completes the sizing operation, so that multiple bundles of fiber filaments are combined into one fiber filament under the action of the viscous sizing agent; S5. Heating, stretching and winding: The sized fiber filaments sequentially bypass the first guiding rod 25, the guiding roller 26, the lower guiding roller 27, the lower heating and stretching roller 28, the middle guiding roller 29, the middle heating and stretching roller 30, the upper heating and stretching roller 31, the upper guiding roller 32, and the second guiding rod 33 and are wound by the winding unit 34.

[0035] In this embodiment, the temperatures of the lower heating and stretching roller 28, the middle heating and stretching roller 30, and the upper heating and stretching roller 31 are all 350 ± 1 °C, and the stretching speeds of the lower heating and stretching roller 28, the middle heating and stretching roller 30, and the upper heating and stretching roller 31 are 3000 r / min.

[0036] The rotation speeds of the first screw 122 and the second screw 132 are both 50 - 150 r / min, the compression ratios of the first screw 122 and the second screw 132 are 3:1 - 4:1, the rotation speed error between the melt pump 3 and the first screw 122 is < 0.5%, and the outlet pressure fluctuation of the melt pump 3 is controlled within ±0.3 MPa.

[0037] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, several improvements and refinements made without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A micro cone twin-screw extrusion melt spinning device, characterized in that: It includes a vertical micro conical twin-screw extruder (1), a tow drafting and winding assembly (2) arranged on one side of the vertical micro conical twin-screw extruder (1), and a melt pump (3) located between the tow drafting and winding assembly (2) and the vertical micro conical twin-screw extruder (1). The vertical micro conical twin-screw extruder (1) includes a machine body (11), a first housing (12) fixed on the housing of the machine body (11), and a second housing (13) connected to the first housing (12). On the sides of the first housing (12) and the second housing (13) close to each other, a first double conical groove (121) and a second double conical groove (131) are respectively arranged. Between the first double conical groove (121) and the second double conical groove (131), a first screw (122) and a second screw (132) forming an included angle with each other are arranged. On the machine body (11), a driving mechanism (4) is arranged for driving the first screw (122) and the second screw (132) to rotate synchronously. At a position on the side wall of the second housing (13) close to its top, a feed pipe (133) communicating with the second double conical groove (131) is fixed. On the machine body (11), a feeding pipe (111) communicating with the feed pipe (133) through a hose is fixed. At a position on the side wall of the second housing (13) close to its bottom, an extrusion hole (134) communicating with the bottom of the second double conical groove (131) is arranged. The inlet of the melt pump (3) is fixedly connected and communicated with the extrusion hole (134) through a hose.

2. The micro cone twin-screw extrusion melt spinning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the side of the second housing (13) close to the first housing (12), a reserved groove (135) surrounding the second double conical groove (131) is arranged. The depth of the reserved groove (135) is 1 - 2 mm. On the side walls of the second housing (13) and the first housing (12) close to each other, a sealing ring (136) surrounding the reserved groove (135) is fixed. The upper section of the extrusion hole (134) is V-shaped, and the lower section of the extrusion hole (134) is a curved circular arc. An installation hole (137) communicating with the arc section of the extrusion hole (134) is penetrated through the second housing (13). On the second housing (13), a control block (5) with a clearance fit with the installation hole (137) is arranged. On the control block (5), a discharge hole (51) parallel to the arc section of the extrusion hole (134) and with the same aperture is arranged. On the second housing (13), a driving component for controlling the rotation of the control block (5) is also arranged.

3. A kind of micro cone twin-screw extrusion melt spinning equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: On the bottom plate of the machine body (11), a lower pressure sensor (112) for detecting the pressure at the bottoms of the first housing (12) and the second housing (13) is fixed. The small end diameters of the first screw (122) and the second screw (132) are both 8 - 12 mm, and the diameter ratios of the first screw (122) and the second screw (132) are both 1:2.

5. The gear clearance of the melt pump (3) is 50 - 80 μm.

4. A micro cone twin-screw extrusion melt spinning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tow drawing and winding assembly (2) includes an installation shell (21), a cooling pipe (22) fixed to one side of the installation shell (21) close to the vertical micro conical twin-screw extruder (1), and a side plate (23) fixed to the air outlet end of the cooling pipe (22). The bottom of the melt pump (3) penetrates through the top of the cooling pipe (22) and is fixed. A spinneret plate is detachably connected in a reserved hole (301) at the bottom of the melt pump (3). The tow drawing and winding assembly (2) further includes a sizing unit (24) arranged on the installation shell (21), a first guiding rod (25) arranged on the installation shell (21) and located below the sizing unit (24), a guiding roller (26) rotatably installed on the installation shell (21) and located below the first guiding rod (25), a lower guiding roller (27) rotatably installed on the installation shell (21) and located on one side of the guiding roller (26), a lower heating and drawing roller (28) rotatably installed on the installation shell (21) and located above the lower guiding roller (27), a middle guiding roller (29) rotatably installed on the installation shell (21) and located above the lower heating and drawing roller (28), a middle heating and drawing roller (30) rotatably installed on the installation shell (21) and located above the middle guiding roller (29), an upper heating and drawing roller (31) rotatably installed on the installation shell (21) and located on the side of the middle guiding roller (29) away from the side plate (23), an upper guiding roller (32) rotatably installed on the installation shell (21) and located below the upper heating and drawing roller (31), a second guiding rod (33) rotatably installed on the installation shell (21) and located below the upper guiding roller (32), and a winding unit (34) arranged on the installation shell (21) and located below the second guiding rod (33).

5. A micro cone twin-screw extrusion melt spinning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first pressure sensor (302) for detecting the pressure of the melt entering the interior of the melt pump (3) is arranged at the top of the melt pump (3), and a second pressure sensor (303) for detecting the pressure of the melt extruded by the melt pump (3) is arranged on the side of the melt pump (3) away from the vertical micro conical twin-screw extruder (1).

6. A micro conical twin-screw extrusion melt spinning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first screw rod (122) and the second screw rod (132) both penetrate through the housing of the casing and are rotatably connected. The driving mechanism (4) includes a transmission assembly (41) and a driving assembly (42). The transmission assembly (41) includes a mounting bracket (411) fixed inside the casing, a first rotating rod (412) rotatably mounted on the mounting bracket (411), a second rotating rod (413) rotatably mounted on the mounting bracket (411) and parallel to the first rotating rod (412), a transmission rod (414) penetrating through and rotatably connected to the mounting bracket (411), a long gear (415) fixedly sleeved on the transmission rod (414), an upper gear (416) fixedly sleeved on the first rotating rod (412) and meshing with the long gear (415), a lower gear (417) fixedly sleeved on the second rotating rod (413) and meshing with the long gear (415), a first rod body (418) sleeved on the first rotating rod (412) and key-connected to the first rotating rod (412), and a second rod body (419) sleeved on the second rotating rod (413) and key-connected to the second rotating rod (413). The lower gear (417) and the upper gear (416) are staggeredly distributed. The upper end of the first screw rod (122) is provided with a first connection groove (1221), and the lower end of the first rod body (418) is integrally formed with a first spherical portion (4181) that abuts against the inner bottom of the first connection groove (1221). The upper end of the second screw rod (132) is provided with a second connection groove (1321), and the lower end of the second rod body (419) is integrally formed with a second spherical portion (4191) that abuts against the inner bottom of the second connection groove (1321). The driving assembly (42) is used to drive the transmission rod (414) to rotate.

7. A micro cone twin-screw extrusion melt spinning device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving assembly (42) includes a slave synchronous pulley (421) fixed to the upper end of the transmission rod (414), a master synchronous pulley (422) rotatably mounted inside the casing, a motor (423) fixed inside the casing and coaxial and fixed with the master synchronous pulley (422), and a synchronous belt (424) meshing with both the master synchronous pulley (422) and the slave synchronous pulley (421).

8. A spinning process of a micro cone twin-screw extrusion melt spinning device according to any one of claims 7, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. The material is melt-extruded by a vertical micro-cone twin-screw extruder (1): The composite raw material for making fiber filaments is added into the second double conical groove (131) through the feeding pipe (111) and the inlet pipe (133). The motor (423) operates and drives the main synchronous pulley (422) to rotate, thereby causing the synchronous belt (424), the driven synchronous pulley (421), the transmission rod (414), the long gear (415), the upper gear (416), the first rotating rod (412), the first rod body (418), the first screw (122), the lower gear (417), the second rotating rod (413), the second rod body (419), and the second screw (132) to rotate synchronously. At the same time, the first housing (12) and the second housing (13) are heated. The first screw (122) and the second screw (132) cooperate to melt-extrude the composite raw material. After the melt-extrusion time reaches the requirement, the driving component controls the control block (5) to rotate, so that the discharge hole (51) on the control block (5) is parallel to the arc section of the extrusion hole (134), facilitating the extruded material to enter the melt pump (3) from the extrusion hole (134). S2. Melt spinning: The melt material entering the melt pump (3) is extruded between the double gears inside it, and then enters the spinneret from the discharge port of the melt pump (3) and is ejected through the spinneret holes on the spinneret to form fiber filaments. S3. Cooling: The fiber filament bundle produced by the melt pump (3) enters between the two side plates (23), and the cooling air of the cooling pipe (22) rapidly cools the filament bundle. S4. Sizing: The filament bundle that has been cooled is passed through the sizing rollers of the sizing unit (24) to complete the sizing operation, enabling multiple bundles of fiber filaments to be combined into one fiber filament under the action of the viscous sizing agent. S5. Heating drawing and winding: The sized fiber filaments sequentially pass around the first guiding rod (25), the guiding roller (26), the lower guiding roller (27), the lower heating drawing roller (28), the middle guiding roller (29), the middle heating drawing roller (30), the upper heating drawing roller (31), the upper guiding roller (32), and the second guiding rod (33) and are then wound by the winding unit (34).

9. The micro-cone twin-screw extrusion melting spinning process according to claim 8, characterized in that, The temperatures of the lower heating drawing roller (28), the middle heating drawing roller (30), and the upper heating drawing roller (31) are all 350 ± 1 °C, and the drawing speeds of the lower heating drawing roller (28), the middle heating drawing roller (30), and the upper heating drawing roller (31) are 3000 r / min.

10. The micro cone twin-screw extrusion melting spinning process according to claim 8, characterized in that, The rotational speeds of the first screw (122) and the second screw (132) are both 50 - 150 r / min, the compression ratios of the first screw (122) and the second screw (132) are 3:1 - 4:1, the rotational speed error between the melt pump (3) and the first screw (122) is < 0.5%, and the outlet pressure fluctuation of the melt pump (3) is controlled within ±0.3 MPa.

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