Self-lubricating monitorable movable point rail frog structure

Abstract

The invention provides a self-lubricating monitorable movable point rail frog structure which comprises wing rails, a long point rail, a short point rail, a frog heel switch rail, spacer iron, a base plate and a high-strength bolt connecting pair, the long point rail and the short point rail are of an embedded splicing structure, and the long point rail and the short point rail are connected into a herringbone integral structure through an annular groove rivet connecting pair; spacing iron for limiting displacement is arranged in the close attaching range of the heel end of the short point rail and the front end of the fork heel switch rail, the short point rail and the fork heel switch rail are connected into a whole through the spacing iron, and the spacing iron is provided with an oil injection cup. An elastic cylindrical pin is arranged outside a bolt in the high-strength bolt connecting pair, or an elastic vulcanized layer is arranged outside a bolt rod body; the spacer iron is further provided with a plurality of wireless sensor module mounting holes. The fixing reliability and the conversion synchronism of the heel end of the movable point frog are effectively improved, the service life of the frog is effectively prolonged, good linetype is guaranteed, conversion resistance is reduced, and the method is suitable for popularization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of railway track switches, and particularly relates to a self-lubricating, monitorable and movable-point switch structure. Background Art

[0002] Common movable-point switches (as shown in Figure 1 ) generally consist of wing rails 1, long stock rails 2, short stock rails 3, heel switches 4, spacer plates 5, tie plates 6, high-strength bolt connection pairs 7, etc. Among them, the long stock rail 2 and the short stock rail 3 are connected by components such as spacer plates 5 and high-strength bolt connection pairs 7 to form a "person"-shaped assembly, which is turned and switched within the frame formed by the two wing rails 1 to realize the opening of the straight and side tracks of the line. This kind of movable-point switch eliminates the harmful space of the fixed switch (as shown in Figure 2 ), ensures the continuity of the straight and side track gauge lines of the railway turnout, greatly improves the running state of the train when passing through the switch, can not only improve the smoothness of the train at high speed and the comfort of passengers, but also extend the service life of the switch.

[0003] (As shown in Figure 1 ) For the traditional movable-point switch, the principle of realizing the opening of the straight and side tracks of the line is as follows: The long stock rail 2 is arranged along the straight track direction of the line, and an elastic bendable section 2-1 is provided at its heel end (as shown in Figure 3 ). After the elastic bendable section 2-1, the long stock rail 2 is fixedly connected to the wing rail 1 through high-strength bolt connection pairs 7 and a frame-type spacer plate 5 to form a fixed end 1-1. The long stock rail 2 and the short stock rail 3 are connected into a "person"-shaped assembly of a certain length (as shown in Figure 4 ). By setting the elastic bendable section 2-1 to be fixed to the heel end of the wing rail 1, it is turned and switched within the frame formed by the two wing rails 1 to realize the opening of the straight and side tracks. The rear end of the heel switch 4 is fixedly connected to the wing rail 1. Due to the restriction of the outer buckle plate or top iron 8, etc., when the "person"-shaped turning and switching occurs, the heel end of the short stock rail 3 can longitudinally slide along the milling surface of the tip of the heel switch 4 to form a sliding type movable joint 3-1, meeting the conversion and sliding requirements of the "person"-shaped assembly. The main problems existing in this connection method in practical applications are as follows:

[0004] 1) To meet the requirements of stock rail conversion and reduce the conversion pulling force, the stock rail is generally provided with a relatively long movable section, which brings problems such as a relatively long length of the stock rail, jumping when the vehicle passes, and the need to install anti-jumping devices, resulting in a complex structure and more materials used.

[0005] 2) The "person"-shaped assembly formed by the long and short stock rails is connected by high-strength bolt connection pairs 7. Affected by factors such as the torque coefficient, installation process, and service environment temperature, the bolts of the high-strength bolt connection pairs 7 have diseases such as unqualified fastening force, loosening or fracture during use.

[0006] 3) Since there is a sliding joint 3-1 at the end of the side short center rail 3 and the front end of the fork point rail 4, the structure of the sliding joint 3-1 is weak and is not suitable for high-speed driving of the side.

[0007] 4) Since the heel end of the short heart rail 3 is not fixed, the longitudinal displacement is limited only by the buckle plate or the top iron 8 on the outside. During the conversion, the rear end of the short heart rail 3 has a large creeping amount and poor follow-up performance, and there is insufficient displacement near the bendable section, which can easily cause problems such as small static gauge, excessive straightness, and electrical jamming.

[0008] 5) Since the buckle plate or top iron 8 is mainly used to restrict the longitudinal displacement of the short heart rail 3 while satisfying its conversion sliding, and does not limit and fix the longitudinal and lateral displacements, in actual use, with the wear of the rail and other parts, the heel end of the short heart rail 3 is prone to warping up, causing empty hanging plates, heart rail jumping and other defects.

[0009] 6) The sliding joint 3-1 formed by the heel end of the short center rail 3 and the tip of the fork heel point rail 4 does not adopt a method to reduce friction resistance. During use, the friction is large, the rail parts wear quickly, and the gap between the fork heel point rail 4 and the short center rail 3 exceeds the standard.

[0010] 7) As the parts such as the gusset plate or the top iron 8 and the spacer iron 5 are mostly made by casting technology, there are manufacturing deviations. After the high-strength bolt connection pair 7 is assembled, there is the possibility of uneven force on the high-strength bolts, causing local deformation of the frog, creeping of the heart rail due to temperature stress, bolt shearing and other defects of the seamless line.

[0011] 8) The movable heart rail fork heel needs to check the problems of rail cracks, creeping, and tight sticking in daily maintenance. Relying on manual inspection is costly and has many omissions, which cannot meet the needs of railway modernization.

[0012] In this regard, in view of the problems of traditional movable heart frog structure, such as the heel end is not fixed, the creeping amount is large, the following performance is poor, the heel end of the short heart rail is warped causing empty hanger plate, heart rail beating, large friction between the heel end of the short heart rail and the tip of the fork heel rail, rapid wear of rail parts, and excessive gap between the fork heel point rail and the short heart rail, as well as the high cost of manual inspection, large omissions, and inability to adapt to the modernization of railway construction, the following improved technical scheme is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0013] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a self-lubricating and monitorable movable heart rail frog structure to solve the technical problems of poor fixing reliability, poor conversion synchronization, poor follow-up performance, rapid rail wear, large conversion resistance and shortened frog service life existing in the traditional movable heart rail frog structure.

[0014] Technical solution adopted by the present invention: A self-lubricating, monitorable movable-point frog structure, including a wing rail, a long switch rail, a short switch rail, a heel point rail, a spacer, a tie plate, and a high-strength bolt connection pair. The long switch rail and the short switch rail are in an embedded splicing structure, and the two are connected into a "human" shaped integral structure through a ring groove rivet connection pair; within the range where the heel end of the short switch rail is in close contact with the front end of the heel point rail, there is a spacer for restricting displacement. The spacer connects the short switch rail and the heel point rail into a whole, and an oil injection cup is installed on the spacer; an elastic cylindrical pin is provided outside the bolt in the high-strength bolt connection pair, or an elastic vulcanized layer is provided outside the bolt rod body; the spacer is also provided with a plurality of installation holes for wireless sensor modules.

[0015] In the above technical solution, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention: The width of the tip section of the short switch rail in the embedded splicing structure corresponds to the width of the section of the long switch rail; the width of the tip section of the long switch rail is 71 - 72.2 mm; the width of the tip section of the short switch rail is 50 - 55 mm.

[0016] In the above technical solution, as a further improvement of the present invention: It also includes a rail waist gasket and a splint; a rail waist gasket is provided between the rail waists of the long switch rail and the short switch rail; a splint is provided between the long switch rail and the ring groove rivet connection pair.

[0017] In the above technical solution, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention: The spacer is an integral welded structure and is an inclined ladder-shaped splint, connecting block assembled spacer structure.

[0018] In the above technical solution, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention: The oil injection cup is a direct pressure type oil injection cup, and the direct pressure type oil injection cup injects lubricating grease, and the lubricating grease fills the contact surface between the spacer and the rail waist of the short switch rail.

[0019] In the above technical solution, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention: The elastic cylindrical pin is an elastic cylindrical pin with chamfers at both ends and an axially grooved hollow cylinder structure in the middle.

[0020] In the above technical solution, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention: The elastic cylindrical pin is a rolled elastic cylindrical pin.

[0021] In the above technical solution, as a further improvement of the present invention: It also includes a sensor installation base, and the sensor installation base is arranged in the installation hole for the wireless sensor module.

[0022] In the above technical solution, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention: The wireless sensor module is installed in the installation hole for the wireless sensor module by interference fit.

[0023] In the above technical solution, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention: The wireless sensor module is installed in the installation hole for the wireless sensor module by threaded connection and combined with Loctite anti-loosening coating.

[0024] Advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art:

[0025] 1. In the present invention, the long and short switch rails adopt an embedded splicing structure. Compared with the tip-concealed splicing or tip-attached assembly structure in the prior art, the embedded splicing structure mills a certain amount of the long switch rail, moves forward the tip of the short switch rail to the position closely attached to the long switch rail. While shortening the length of the "V"-shaped component, it increases the tip thickness of the short switch rail; it is beneficial to reduce the influence of the conversion force difference during the conversion from the normal position to the reverse position and from the reverse position to the normal position during the straight and side track conversions. At the same time, it shortens the entire length of the switch rail, which helps to save materials.

[0026] 2. In the present invention, the long switch rail and the short switch rail are connected into a "V"-shaped integral structure through a ring groove rivet connection pair. Compared with bolt connection, it effectively improves the connection reliability. Based on Hooke's law, it forms a structure known as the "never-loosening screw", solving the problems in the existing structure such as the loosening of the bolt connection nut and the need to set anti-loosening mechanisms, which leads to the complication of the structure.

[0027] 3. In the present invention, a spacer for restricting displacement is provided within the range where the heel end of the short switch rail is in close contact with the front end of the frog nose switch rail. The spacer connects the short switch rail and the frog nose switch rail into an integral body. Compared with the existing single and double-sided fasteners and double top iron structures, the spacer provided in the present invention fixedly restricts the lateral displacement of the rail, effectively restricting the occurrence of diseases such as gauge expansion and the uplift of the rear end of the short switch rail, which causes problems such as hanging plates. At the same time, it solves the problems such as the jumping of the heel end of the switch rail, poor followability of the switch rail, and easy occurrence of gauge over-tolerance and empty hanging plates at the heel of the short switch rail.

[0028] 4. In the present invention, an oil cup is installed on the spacer. Lubricating grease is injected through the oil cup. When the lubricating grease is affected by pressure or heat, the consistency of the lubricating grease decreases, and the lubricating grease will become soft or even flow. This fluidity enables the lubricating grease to form an oil film at the rail waist contact part, thereby reducing friction and wear, reducing the conversion force, and extending the service life.

[0029] 5. In the high-strength bolt connection pair of the present invention, an elastic cylindrical pin is provided outside the bolt or an elastic vulcanized layer is provided outside the rod body of the bolt. On the one hand, it realizes a tight and firm installation with interference fit; on the other hand, the temperature force is first transmitted to the elastic cylindrical pin or the bolt with an elastic vulcanized layer in the spacer hole connected to the long and short switch rails, and then evenly transmitted to the spacer side plate by the elastic cylindrical pin or the bolt with an elastic vulcanized layer, and then transmitted to the elastic cylindrical pin or the bolt with an elastic vulcanized layer in the wing rail hole by the spacer, and finally evenly transmitted to the wing rail by the elastic cylindrical pin or the bolt with an elastic vulcanized layer in the wing rail hole, realizing the uniform and accurate transmission of the temperature force.

[0030] 6. The spacer of the present invention is also provided with a number of mounting holes for wireless sensor modules. The wireless sensor modules are installed in the mounting holes and are used to receive and transmit the vibration signals at the heel end of the frog, laying a foundation for intelligent on-line detection. In addition, compared with the prior art of installing a sensor fixture at the bottom of the rail or drilling holes in the rail to install the sensor, the present invention does not require adding turnout connectors, effectively reducing the number of holes drilled in the rail parts. On the one hand, the installation of the sensor is more convenient; on the other hand, the occupied space is smaller. Since no new connectors are added to the rail, there is no impact on the rail, meeting the long-term detection use requirements and saving materials at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a common movable-point frog structure;

[0032] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a common fixed frog structure;

[0033] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a common movable-point frog structure;

[0034] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which the long and short switch blades form a "herringbone" switch blade assembly;

[0035] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the movable-point frog structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6(a) is a schematic diagram of the embedded splicing structure of the long and short switch blades of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6(b) is a schematic diagram of the common tip-concealing splicing structure of the long and short switch blades of a movable-point frog in the prior art;

[0038] Figure 6(c) is a schematic diagram of the common tip-attaching splicing structure of the long and short switch blades of a movable-point frog in the prior art;

[0039] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the long and short switch blades of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the long and short switch blades of the present invention through a plurality of ring groove rivet connection pairs;

[0041] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the heel end of the short switch blade is in close contact with the front end of the frog nose rail;

[0042] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the heel end of the short switch blade is in close contact with the front end of the frog nose rail by using a retaining plate or a bearing plate in the prior art;

[0043] Figure 11Schematic longitudinal sectional view of the close contact between the trailing end of the short switch rail and the front end of the crossing nose rail of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 12 Schematic longitudinal sectional view of the close contact between the trailing end of the short switch rail and the front end of the crossing nose rail under the prior art;

[0045] Figure 13 Schematic view of the installation position of the oil cup of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 14 Schematic view of the assembled spacer splint structure in the shape of an inclined ladder of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 15 is Figure 14 Schematic view of the oil cup structure in the A-A cross-sectional view of;

[0048] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the temperature force transmission structure at the trailing end of the movable frog of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 17(a) is the front view of the embodiment of the axially grooved elastic cylindrical pin of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 17(b) is the side view of Figure 17(a) of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 18(a) is the front view of the embodiment of the coiled elastic cylindrical pin of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 18(b) is the side view of Figure 18(a) of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 19 Schematic view of the structure of the present invention with an elastic vulcanized layer outside the bolt rod;

[0054] Figure 20 Schematic view of the distribution of the mounting holes of the wireless sensor module on the spacer of the present invention;

[0055] In the figure: 1-wing rail, 2-long switch rail, 3-short switch rail, 4-crossing nose rail, 5-spacer, 6-backing plate, 7-high-strength bolt connection pair, 7-1 bolt, 8-fastening plate or bearing plate, 9-ring groove rivet connection pair, 10-washer between rail webs, 11-splint, 12-oil cup, 12-1 installation position of the oil cup, 13-elastic cylindrical pin, 14-elastic vulcanized layer, 15-mounting hole of the wireless sensor module. Detailed implementation manners

[0056] Next, the appended drawings in the embodiments of the present invention will be combined Figure 5-20, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0057] A self-lubricating, monitorable movable-point frog structure, wherein the movable-point frog includes a wing rail 1, a long switch rail 2, a short switch rail 3, a heel-point switch rail 4, a spacer 5, a tie plate 6, and a high-strength bolt connection pair 7.

[0058] The improvement of the present invention lies in: as shown in FIG. 6(a), the long switch rail 2 and the short switch rail 3 are of an embedded splicing structure. In the prior art, as shown in FIGS. 6(b) and 6(c), the long switch rail 2 and the short switch rail 3 respectively adopt a tip-concealed splicing structure or a tip-attached splicing structure. At the position where the tip of the short switch rail 3 is in close contact with the long switch rail 2, the rail head of the long switch rail 2 is almost complete, that is, the cross-sectional width of the long switch rail 2 is about 71 - 72.2 mm, while the cutting amount at the close-contact part of the short switch rail 3 is relatively large, resulting in the tip of the short switch rail 3 being relatively weak; in addition, due to the position of the close-contact part being relatively rearward, the overall length of the switch rail is relatively long. At the same time, when the "herringbone" assembly composed of the long and short switch rails is switched, due to the obvious asymmetry of the cutting of the long and short switch rails, the switching force difference is relatively large during the switching process of the turnout from the normal position to the reverse position and from the reverse position to the normal position. Therefore, in the present invention, the long and short switch rails are improved to adopt an embedded splicing structure. The embedded splicing structure shortens the length of the "herringbone" assembly while increasing the tip thickness of the short switch rail 3 by milling a certain amount of the long switch rail 2 and moving the tip of the short switch rail 3 forward to be in close contact with the long switch rail 2. That is, the tip thickness of the short switch rail 3 is 50 - 55 mm, which is beneficial to reducing the influence of the switching force difference during the switching process from the normal position to the reverse position and from the reverse position to the normal position during the straight and side stock switching, and at the same time shortens the overall length of the switch rail, which helps to save materials.

[0059] In the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention: as shown in FIG. 6(a), the cross-sectional width of the tip of the short switch rail 3 of the embedded splicing structure corresponds to the cross-sectional width of the long switch rail 2; the cross-sectional width of the tip of the long switch rail 2 is 71 - 72.2 mm; the cross-sectional width of the tip of the short switch rail 3 is 50 - 55 mm. The cross-sectional width of the tip of the long switch rail 2 ranges from 71 - 72.2 mm, and this width can ensure that the long switch rail 2 has sufficient strength and stability when bearing the train load. The cross-sectional width range of the tip of the short switch rail 3 is 50 - 55 mm. Compared with the long switch rail 2, the cross-sectional width of the short switch rail 3 can improve its durability and reduce the maintenance cost.

[0060] (such as Figure 7 , Figure 8As shown in the figure, the long switch rail 2 and the short switch rail 3 are connected into a "herringbone" integral structure by the ring groove rivet connection pair 9. The ring groove rivet connection pair 9 has high strength and durability and can withstand the huge impact force when the train passes. In the present invention, the long switch rail 2 and the short switch rail 3 are connected into a "herringbone" integral structure by the ring groove rivet connection pair 9, effectively improving the connection reliability. Its working principle is based on Hooke's law, and the ring groove rivet is axially stretched and radially extruded by a special riveting tool. During the riveting process, while the ring groove rivet is axially stretched, the collar is radially extruded, causing the metal of the collar to flow into the ring groove of the rivet, forming a permanent metal plastic deformation connection, forming a structure known as the "screw that never loosens", solving the problem that the bolt connecting nut in the existing structure is loose and a loosening prevention mechanism needs to be added.

[0061] In the above embodiment, as a further improved embodiment of the present invention: (as Figure 7 shown) It also includes a rail waist spacer 10 and a splint 11; a rail waist spacer 10 is provided between the rail waists of the long switch rail 2 and the short switch rail 3; a splint 11 is provided between the long switch rail 2 and the ring groove rivet connection pair 9. The rail waist spacer 10 can fill the gap between the rail waists of the long switch rail 2 and the short switch rail 3, enhancing the overall stability of the turnout structure. By reducing the relative displacement between the rail waists, the rail waist spacer 10 helps to maintain the geometric shape and dimensional accuracy of the turnout. The rail waist spacer 10 can also disperse the load generated when the train passes, reducing the impact on the turnout structure, helping to improve the load-bearing capacity of the frog and extending its service life. The rail waist spacer 10 can adjust the force distribution between the long switch rail 2 and the short switch rail 3 to make it more uniform, helping to reduce the stress concentration phenomenon and reducing the risk of damage to the frog structure. The splint 11 can firmly fix the positional relationship between the long switch rail 2 and the ring groove rivet connection pair 9, helping to maintain the stability and accuracy of the frog structure and ensuring the smooth passage of the train. Through the fixing effect of the splint 11, the loosening phenomenon between the long switch rail 2 and the ring groove rivet connection pair 9 can be prevented, helping to reduce the vibration and noise generated by loosening and improving the durability of the frog. The splint 11 enables fine adjustment of the frog structure when needed, helping to adapt to different operating conditions and train speed requirements, and improving the flexibility and adaptability of the frog. The installation process of the splint 11 is relatively simple and fast, helping to reduce the installation cost and time and improving the construction efficiency.

[0062] (as Figure 9 、 Figure 11 shown) A spacer 5 for restricting displacement is provided within the range where the heel end of the short switch rail 3 is in close contact with the front end of the frog nose rail 4, and the spacer 5 connects the short switch rail 3 and the frog nose rail 4 into an integral body. Compared with the prior art, (as Figure 10 、 Figure 12As shown in the figure, within the range where the trailing end of the short switch rail 3 is in close contact with the front end of the crossing nose switch rail 4, structures such as retaining plates or tie plates 8 are used for assembly; the follow-up performance is poor, which is likely to cause problems such as gauge out-of-tolerance and the trailing end of the short switch rail being suspended. In the above embodiments, as the preferred embodiment of the present invention: (as Figure 13 , 14 As shown in the figure), the spacer 5 is an integral welded structure and is a splint and connecting block assembled spacer structure in the shape of an inclined ladder. The present invention provides a connecting structure that sets a spacer 5 within the range where the trailing end of the short switch rail 3 is in close contact with the front end of the crossing nose switch rail 4 to fix it, which can reduce the length of the elastic bendable section, fix the longitudinal and transverse displacements of the rail, and effectively limit diseases such as gauge expansion and the trailing end of the switch rail warping upwards causing suspended plates; it solves the problems of the trailing end of the switch rail jumping, poor follow-up performance of the switch rail, and being likely to cause problems such as gauge out-of-tolerance and the trailing end of the short switch rail being suspended.

[0063] In addition, the assembled spacer 5 with an integral welded structure and in the shape of an inclined ladder enables each part of the spacer 5 to be closely combined to form a whole, thereby improving the strength and stability of the structure; the design of the inclined ladder shape can more effectively disperse and bear the load, further enhancing the load-bearing capacity of the structure. Although the spacer 5 of the casting has a certain strength and stability, compared with the spacer 5 of the welded structure, the integrity and structural strength of the casting spacer are insufficient, and defects such as air holes and slag inclusions that may exist during the casting process may also affect the stability and durability of the structure. The manufacturing process of the spacer 5 of the welded structure is relatively simple, and high-efficiency and precise processing can be achieved through automated welding technology, which helps to reduce the manufacturing cost and improve the production efficiency. For the casting spacer 5, the casting process requires complex die design and manufacturing, and it is easy to produce defective products and substandard products during the casting process, increasing the manufacturing cost; moreover, the processing and trimming process of the casting is also relatively complex, further increasing the cost. The integral welded structure and the inclined ladder shape design of the present invention enable the welded spacer 5 to have better adaptability and flexibility, while the spacer of the casting structure is limited in terms of adaptability and flexibility. The welded spacer 5 is relatively simple in terms of maintenance and replacement. Once a failure or damage occurs, the damaged part can be conveniently disassembled and replaced, reducing the maintenance cost and time.

[0064] (As Figure 13 , Figure 14 As shown in the figure), a grease cup 12 is installed at the grease cup installation position 12-1 of the spacer 5 (in combination with Figure 15 ). Grease is injected through the grease cup 12. When the grease is affected by pressure or heat, the consistency of the grease decreases, and the grease becomes soft or even flows. This fluidity enables the grease to form an oil film on the working friction surface of the sliding inclined joint formed by the short switch rail 3 and the crossing nose switch rail 4, as well as on the contact surface between the spacer 5 and the web of the short switch rail 3, thereby reducing friction and wear. In the above embodiments, as the preferred embodiment of the present invention: (asFigure 15 As shown, the grease cup 12 is a direct-pressure grease cup. After the grease cup is filled with grease, the contact surface between the grease-filled spacer block 5 and the web of the short switch rail 3 is filled with grease, which particularly reduces the friction and wear between the short switch rail 3 and the spacer block 5, reduces the conversion force, and extends the service life.

[0065] The present invention uses a direct-pressure grease cup to directly transport the grease to the interior of the equipment, avoiding possible leakage problems during the transportation process. This not only improves the usage efficiency of the equipment but also effectively reduces environmental pollution caused by leakage. The direct-pressure grease cup can accurately control the amount and pressure of the grease to ensure that each part of the equipment is properly lubricated. This precise control helps to avoid waste, save energy, and reduce equipment wear and failures caused by over-lubrication or under-lubrication. Since the direct-pressure grease cup can ensure continuous and appropriate lubrication, it helps to reduce equipment wear and damage, not only extending the service life of the equipment but also reducing maintenance costs and time. The direct-pressure grease cup usually adopts a detachable structure design, making its maintenance and replacement relatively simple and convenient.

[0066] (As Figure 16 shown) An elastic cylindrical pin 13 is provided outside the bolt 7-1 in the high-strength bolt coupling pair 7, or an elastic vulcanized layer 14 is provided outside the rod body of the bolt 7-1 (as Figure 19 shown).

[0067] In the above embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention: (as shown in FIGS. 17(a) and 17(b)) the elastic cylindrical pin 13 is an elastic cylindrical pin with chamfers at both ends and an axially grooved hollow cylindrical structure in the middle. The elastic cylindrical pin with an axially grooved hollow cylindrical structure can elastically expand and contract in the axial groove. When using a special tool to achieve an interference fit during assembly, through a certain amount of "compression", the elastic cylindrical pin 13 can be tightly installed. In addition, due to its straight groove design, the straight-groove elastic cylindrical pin enhances its bending strength and stiffness, resulting in a higher load-bearing capacity and better anti-shear performance. The straight groove design also improves the stability and reliability of the connection, enabling automatic adjustment when the axial load changes to ensure the tightness of the connection. The straight-groove elastic cylindrical pin is applicable to larger hole tolerances than rigid solid pins, which can reduce the manufacturing cost of mating workpieces.

[0068] In the above embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention: (as shown in Figure 18 (a) and Figure 18 (b)), the elastic cylindrical pin 13 is a rolled elastic cylindrical pin. The rolled elastic cylindrical pin has a certain elasticity and can be elastically deformed when subjected to load, thereby providing the ability to buffer and absorb shock. The rolled elastic cylindrical pin can be positioned by radial tension when assembled inside the main body to ensure the stability of the connection. The design of the rolled elastic cylindrical pin allows it to be elastically deformed within a certain range to adapt to different assembly conditions. The use of the rolled elastic cylindrical pin can improve the connection quality between the assembly parts, evenly distribute the load and reduce the stress between the assembly parts. The elastic properties and absorption capacity of the rolled elastic cylindrical pin help prevent the assembly parts from being damaged in an impact or vibration environment, thereby extending the service life of the overall assembly. The rolled elastic cylindrical pin can reduce manufacturing costs and improve cost-effectiveness by relaxing the hole tolerance and omitting additional steps such as reaming.

[0069] (like Figure 16 The principle of providing an elastic cylindrical pin 13 outside the bolt 7-1 or an elastic vulcanized layer 14 outside the rod of the bolt 7-1 is as follows: on the one hand, the bolt 7-1 is tightly installed; on the other hand, after the elastic cylindrical pin 13 or the bolt 7-1 with an elastic vulcanized layer 14 outside the rod is tightly installed, when the long and short center rails are subjected to the temperature force transmitted between the intervals, the temperature force is first transmitted to the elastic cylindrical pin 13 or the vulcanized bolt in the holes of the long and short center rails through the bolt 7-1; secondly, the temperature force is evenly transmitted to the spacer iron 5 by the elastic cylindrical pin 13 or the vulcanized bolt; then, the temperature force is transmitted to the elastic cylindrical pin 13 or the vulcanized bolt in the hole of the wing rail 1 by the spacer iron 5; finally, the temperature force is evenly transmitted to the wing rail 1 by the elastic cylindrical pin 13 or the vulcanized bolt in the hole of the wing rail 1, thereby realizing accurate transmission of the temperature force.

[0070] (like Figure 20 The spacer iron 5 is also provided with a plurality of wireless sensor module mounting holes 15. The wireless sensor module mounting holes 15 are used to install wireless sensor modules, which are used to realize intelligent detection of turnouts. Without increasing rail bolt holes and affecting the normal operation of the line, it is used to support the intelligent online detection of the use conditions such as the creeping of the center rail and the gap of the close-fitting section.

[0071] When cold - installing the wireless sensor module: In the above - mentioned embodiments, as a further improved embodiment of the present invention: It further includes a sensor mounting base, and the sensor mounting base is arranged in the wireless sensor module mounting hole 15. The sensor mounting base is directly set in the mounting hole 15 of the wireless sensor module, without the need for additional installation space or brackets, thus greatly reducing the occupied space of the overall structure, making the connection more compact, improving the system integration, making the overall structure more compact and efficient, without the need for additional mounting brackets or accessories, reducing the material cost and manufacturing cost; at the same time, the compact structure also reduces the labor cost of installation and maintenance. It is used to meet the requirements of firm connection of the sensor, adaptation to long - term outdoor monitoring environment, convenient disassembly and assembly, easy replacement of the sensor battery, no increase in the rail bolt holes, no impact on line maintenance, and not being easily damaged by collision with external facilities.

[0072] Specifically: For the design of the micro - intelligent wireless sensor installed in the wireless sensor module mounting hole 15, the main considerations are as follows: When the train passes through the heel end of the frog, the vibration generated by the friction between the train and the rail parts serves as self - excitation. By fixing the sensor on the spacer 5 and collecting the tested vibration, displacement and other data through the strain gauges in contact with the rail, and then analyzing and comparing the collected data by different modules (such as crack, creep, displacement, etc.) analysis equipment. When the data characteristic quantity shows a large change relative to the normal characteristic quantity, the system issues an alarm and transmits it to the control center through the communication system for timely processing of the early warning.

[0073] In the above - mentioned embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention: The wireless sensor module is installed in the wireless sensor module mounting hole 15 with an interference fit to achieve anti - loosening and anti - rotation design. The interference fit ensures a tight fit between the wireless sensor module and the mounting hole, avoiding connection failure problems caused by loosening or vibration. The tight contact surface can effectively resist the influence of external factors (such as vibration, impact, etc.) on the sensor, ensuring the stability and reliability of the sensor in various environments. The interference fit reduces the gap between the module and the mounting hole, reduces the signal loss during transmission, and improves the signal transmission efficiency and accuracy. The interference - tight assembly enables the sensor to work more efficiently, reduces errors and noise, thereby improving the performance and accuracy of the entire system. The interference fit does not require additional fixing parts or installation tools, and the installation of the sensor can be achieved by simple pressing, greatly simplifying the installation steps. The interference fit has high anti - vibration and anti - impact capabilities, enabling the sensor to work normally under harsh environmental conditions.

[0074] In the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention: The wireless sensor module is installed in the wireless sensor module mounting hole 15 through threaded connection and combined with Loctite anti-loosening coating, ensuring the quality of receiving and transmitting the vibration signal at the heel end of the frog. Threaded connection is a common and effective fixing method. By rotating and locking the threads, it can ensure that the wireless sensor module reaches sufficient tightness in the mounting hole. The Loctite coating applied at the threaded connection has excellent anti-loosening performance, and can effectively prevent the wireless sensor module from loosening or falling off even under vibration or impact conditions. The combined use of threaded connection and Loctite provides double protection for the installation of the wireless sensor module, further improving its stability and reliability. Loctite not only has an anti-loosening function, but also can form an additional sealing layer at the threaded connection, further enhancing the protection level of the wireless sensor module. Threaded connection has the characteristics of easy operation and easy disassembly, making installation and replacement simple and fast. Loctite usually adopts a pre-coated process, which is convenient to use without additional smearing steps, further improving the installation efficiency. Loctite has good corrosion resistance, can maintain its anti-loosening effect in harsh environments, and extends the service life of the wireless sensor module. Loctite can be applied to wireless sensor modules with various materials and surface treatments, improving the flexibility and adaptability of installation.

[0075] Particularly, the spacer 5 of the present invention is provided with several wireless sensor module mounting holes 15. The wireless sensor module is installed in the wireless sensor module mounting hole 15 and is used to receive and transmit the vibration signal at the heel end of the frog, laying a foundation for intelligent on-line detection. In addition, compared with the prior art of installing a sensor fixture at the bottom of the rail or drilling a hole in the rail and then installing a sensor, the present invention does not require adding turnout connectors, and particularly effectively reduces the number of holes drilled in the rail parts. On the one hand, the installation of the sensor is more convenient, and on the other hand, the occupied space is smaller. Since there are no redundant holes drilled in the rail and no new connectors are added, it has no impact on the rail structure, meets the long-term detection use requirements, and saves materials at the same time.

[0076] It can be found from the above description that: The present invention effectively improves the reliability, conversion synchronism and service life of the movable frog, ensures a good line shape, reduces the conversion resistance, and is suitable for popularization.

[0077] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to one embodiment, this embodiment does not only include an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in this embodiment can also be appropriately arranged and combined to form other embodiments understandable by those skilled in the art.

[0078] The above-mentioned preferred embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the content described in the claims of the present invention should be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention. It should be noted that the components and materials used in the above embodiments are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

Claims

1. A self-lubricating, monitorable, movable center rail frog structure, comprising a wing rail (1), a long center rail (2), a short center rail (3), a fork and tip rail (4), a spacer iron (5), a pad (6), and a high-strength bolt connection pair (7), characterized in that: The long center rail (2) and the short center rail (3) are embedded splicing structures, and the two are connected to form a "human" shaped integral structure through a ring groove rivet connection pair (9); a spacer iron (5) for limiting displacement is provided within the close contact range between the heel end of the short center rail (3) and the front end of the fork heel point rail (4); the spacer iron (5) connects the short center rail (3) and the fork heel point rail (4) as a whole, and the spacer iron (5) is installed with an oiling cup (12); the bolt (7-1) in the high-strength bolt connection pair (7) is provided with an elastic cylindrical pin (13) or the bolt (7-1) rod is provided with an elastic vulcanized layer (14); the spacer iron (5) is also provided with a plurality of wireless sensor module installation holes (15).

2. The self-lubricating, monitorable, movable frog structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional width of the tip of the short center rail (3) of the embedded splicing structure corresponds to the cross-sectional width of the long center rail (2); the cross-sectional width of the tip of the long center rail (2) is 71 to 72.2 mm; and the cross-sectional width of the tip of the short center rail (3) is 50 to 55 mm.

3. The self-lubricating, monitorable, movable frog structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a rail waist gasket (10) and a clamping plate (11); a rail waist gasket (10) is provided between the rail waists of the long center rail (2) and the short center rail (3); and a clamping plate (11) is provided between the long center rail (2) and the annular groove rivet connection pair (9).

4. The self-lubricating, monitorable, movable frog structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacer iron (5) is an integrated welded structure and an assembled spacer iron clamping plate structure in an inclined ladder shape.

5. The self-lubricating, monitorable, movable frog structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil filling cup (12) is a direct pressure oil filling cup, and the direct pressure oil filling cup is injected with lubricating grease, and the lubricating grease fills the contact surface between the spacer iron (5) and the rail waist of the short center rail (3).

6. The self-lubricating, monitorable, movable frog structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic cylindrical pin (13) is an elastic cylindrical pin with a hollow cylindrical structure having chamfered ends and an axial groove in the middle.

7. The self-lubricating, monitorable, movable frog structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic cylindrical pin (13) is a rolled elastic cylindrical pin.

8. The self-lubricating, monitorable, movable frog structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a sensor mounting base, wherein the sensor mounting base is arranged in the wireless sensor module mounting hole (15).

9. The self-lubricating, monitorable, movable frog structure according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: The wireless sensor module is installed in the wireless sensor module installation hole (15) by interference fit.

10. The self-lubricating, monitorable, movable frog structure according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: The wireless sensor module is installed in the wireless sensor module installation hole (15) through threaded connection and combined with coated anti-fall glue to prevent loosening.

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