Water conservancy river dredging and ecological obstacle removing integrated device

Abstract

The invention provides a water conservancy river dredging and ecological obstacle removing integrated device, and belongs to the technical field of water conservancy project, the water conservancy river dredging and ecological obstacle removing integrated device comprises a ship body and an excavating arm arranged on the ship body, the end part of the excavating arm is rotatably provided with a plurality of connecting arms, the end part of each connecting arm is provided with an excavating bucket, and the excavating bucket comprises two side plates and a bottom plate; the two side plates are arranged on the two sides of the bottom plate, the side plates and the bottom plate are distributed in a U shape, a first rotating shaft is rotationally arranged on the sides, away from the connecting arm, of the side plates in the width direction of the bottom plate, the first side of the bottom plate is fixedly connected with the first rotating shaft, an adjusting air cylinder is arranged on the connecting arm, and a sliding block is arranged on the surface of the bottom plate in a sliding mode. The sliding block slides in the length direction of the bottom plate, an output shaft of the adjusting air cylinder is rotationally connected with the sliding block, and when a piston rod of the adjusting air cylinder stretches out, the bottom plate rotates around the first rotating shaft to reduce the volume of the excavator bucket. The problem of sludge adhesion can be effectively solved, and the dredging efficiency and the equipment operation stability are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy projects, and in particular, to an integrated device for water conservancy river dredging and ecological obstacle removal. Background Art

[0002] A river channel is a passage for surface water flow and a terrain formed in nature. A river channel is an important part of the water cycle on the earth and plays important roles such as water collection, water storage, water conservation, and drainage. The formation of a river channel is due to different elevations on the earth's surface. Under the action of the earth's gravity, water flows in the direction of gravity, forming different river channels. The scope of a river channel refers to the river and its surrounding environment, including the riverbed, riverbanks, floodplains, water flow, sediment, aquatic organisms, etc. The lengths and widths of river channels vary. Some river channels have a width of several kilometers and a length of hundreds of kilometers, while some river channels have a width of less than ten meters and a length of less than one kilometer.

[0003] River channel dredging is used to dredge river channels, remove underwater obstacles, etc., thereby increasing the longitudinal gradient and the sediment discharge capacity of the river, reducing the sedimentation rate of the river channel, ensuring flood control safety, or lowering the riverbed elevation to maintain a certain water depth for navigation. Traditional river channel dredging methods mainly include manual dredging with a net bag and mechanical dredging with a dredger. However, manual dredging has a high labor intensity, low efficiency, and unsatisfactory dredging effect; while large mechanical dredging equipment such as dredgers has problems such as large equipment investment, high cost, and complex operation.

[0004] In recent years, with the progress of technology, some new river channel dredging devices have been gradually developed and applied. For example, some devices dig the silt in the river channel by setting a digging bucket, and then use a pumping device to pump the silt in the digging bucket away. However, in actual application, there are still some deficiencies in this dredging method. The silt deposited in the river channel for a long time often has strong viscosity and is not easy to separate from the digging bucket. This will not only reduce the loading efficiency of the digging bucket, but also increase the risk of blockage of the pumping device, thereby affecting the efficiency of the entire dredging operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated device for water conservancy river dredging and ecological obstacle removal, which can effectively solve the problem of silt adhesion and significantly improve the dredging efficiency and the operation stability of the equipment.

[0006] Embodiments of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: A water conservancy river dredging and ecological obstacle removal integrated device, including a hull and a digging arm arranged on the hull. A plurality of connecting arms are rotatably arranged at the end of the digging arm. A digging bucket is arranged at the end of each connecting arm. The digging bucket includes two side plates and a bottom plate. The two side plates are arranged on both sides of the bottom plate. The side plates and the bottom plate are distributed in a U shape. A first rotating shaft is rotatably arranged along the width direction of the bottom plate on one side of the side plate away from the connecting arm. The first side of the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft. An adjusting cylinder is arranged on the connecting arm. A sliding block is slidably arranged on the surface of the bottom plate. The sliding block slides along the length direction of the bottom plate. The output shaft of the adjusting cylinder is rotatably connected to the sliding block. When the piston rod of the adjusting cylinder extends, the bottom plate rotates around the first rotating shaft, reducing the volume of the digging bucket.

[0007] Further, the bottom plate includes a rotating plate and a sliding plate. The edge of the rotating plate is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft. The sliding plate is attached to the rotating plate and is slidably connected to the rotating plate. A sliding groove is opened along the length direction of the rotating plate on the surface of the rotating plate. A through rod is arranged on the sliding plate. A shovel plate is arranged at one end of the through rod passing through the sliding groove. The shovel plate abuts against the side of the rotating plate facing away from the sliding plate.

[0008] Further, a second rotating shaft is arranged inside the digging arm. The second rotating shaft is perpendicular to the rotating shaft around which the connecting arm rotates around the digging arm. An arc-shaped base is arranged inside the digging arm. The digging bucket slides along the surface of the arc-shaped base. An extraction pipe is arranged inside the digging arm. The extraction pipe is located above the arc-shaped base. When the digging bucket is located on the arc-shaped base, the suction port of the extraction pipe faces the opening of the digging bucket.

[0009] Further, a first high-pressure nozzle is arranged on the top surface of the arc-shaped base. Side flushing holes are opened on the surface of the side plate. When the digging bucket is located on the arc-shaped base, the first high-pressure nozzle sprays high-pressure water into the digging bucket through the side flushing holes.

[0010] Further, a vibration motor is arranged on the back of the side plate.

[0011] Further, a shielding cover is arranged at the end of the digging arm. The connecting arm is arranged inside the shielding cover. A second high-pressure nozzle is arranged inside the shielding cover. The second high-pressure nozzle is located above the arc-shaped base. The second high-pressure nozzle is used to spray high-pressure water into the interior of the digging bucket.

[0012] Furthermore, an inner flushing hole is formed through the surface of the rotating plate, and an outer flushing hole is formed through the surface of the sliding plate. When the piston rod of the adjusting cylinder is extended, the inner flushing hole is opposite to the outer flushing hole.

[0013] Furthermore, a scraping claw is provided at the tip edge of the digging bucket.

[0014] Furthermore, the shielding cover is provided with an open gap on one side close to the silt, the open gap protrudes during the rotation of the excavating bucket, the edge of the open gap is provided with cutting teeth, and the scraping claws are staggered relative to the cutting teeth.

[0015] Furthermore, a spray head is provided on the side of the excavating arm facing away from the excavating movement direction of the hull, and the spray head is used for spraying a biodegradation agent.

[0016] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The present invention enables the bottom plate to rotate around the first rotation axis. When the sludge in the excavation bucket is unloaded, the action of the control adjustment cylinder is used to adjust the piston rod of the cylinder to push the bottom plate to rotate relative to the two side plates. The bottom plate scrapes the surface of the side plate, and the bottom plate pushes the sludge in the excavation bucket out. The volume of the excavation bucket is reduced, so that the sludge can be more easily separated from the excavation bucket, thereby solving the sludge adhesion problem.

[0018] 2. The present invention provides a rotating plate and a sliding plate that can slide relative to each other. When the piston rod of the adjustment cylinder moves, the piston rod drives the sliding plate and the shovel plate to move relative to the rotating plate. The shovel plate scrapes off the silt adhering to the surface of the rotating plate, which helps the silt to be more easily separated from the excavator bucket. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the dredging head in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the dredging head in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 forFigure 3 Enlarged schematic view of part A

[0024] Figure 5 Structural schematic diagram of the digging bucket in the present invention

[0025] Figure 6 Structural schematic diagram of the bottom plate in the present invention

[0026] Figure 7 Structural schematic diagram of the bottom plate from another perspective in the present invention

[0027] Figure 8 Structural schematic diagram of the digging bucket in the mud discharging state in the present invention

[0028] Icon: 10, hull; 11, digging arm; 12, dredging head; 13, extraction pipe; 14, spraying head; 20, shielding cover; 21, open notch; 22, cutting tooth knife; 23, drive motor; 24, connecting rod; 25, connecting seat; 26, second rotating shaft; 27, connecting arm; 28, adjusting cylinder; 29, arc-shaped base; 210, first high-pressure nozzle; 211, second high-pressure nozzle; 30, digging bucket; 31, scraping claw; 32, end plate; 33, side plate; 331, side flushing hole; 332, vibration motor; 333, first rotating shaft; 34, bottom plate; 341, rotating plate; 342, sliding plate; 343, limiting track; 344, inner flushing hole; 345, outer flushing hole; 346, sliding groove; 347, through rod; 348, shovel plate; 349, sliding track; 350, sliding block; 351, limiting block Detailed implementation manners

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and illustrated herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations

[0030] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention

[0031] Embodiment

[0032] The following is further described with specific embodiments. Referring to Figures 1 - 8 As shown, the present invention is an integrated device for water conservancy river dredging and ecological obstacle removal. Referring toFigure 1 , including a hull 10, a dredging arm 11 is rotatably installed at the front end of the hull 10, and a dredging head 12 is rotatably installed at the end of the dredging arm 11. The dredging head 12 is used to extend into the water to clean silt and sundries.

[0033] Refer to Figures 2 - 4 , the dredging head 12 includes a shielding cover 20. The shielding cover 20 is arranged in a cylindrical shape. An open notch 21 is provided on the side of the shielding cover 20 close to the silt, and cutting teeth 22 are arranged at the edge of the open notch 21. A driving motor 23 is arranged at the top of the shielding cover 20. The output shaft of the driving motor 23 extends along the axis direction of the shielding cover 20. A connecting rod 24 is rotatably installed inside the shielding cover 20. The connecting rod 24 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor 23. The driving motor 23 drives the connecting rod 24 to rotate around the axis of the connecting rod 24. A plurality of connecting seats 25 are fixedly installed on the circumferential side of the connecting rod 24. A second rotating shaft 26 is rotatably installed on each connecting seat 25. The second rotating shaft 26 is perpendicular to the axis of the connecting rod 24. A connecting arm 27 is rotatably connected to the connecting seat 25. The first end of the connecting arm 27 is rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft 26, and the second end of the connecting arm 27 is provided with a digging bucket 30. A plurality of scraping claws 31 are fixedly installed at the tip of the digging bucket 30. When the driving motor 23 drives the plurality of digging buckets 30 to rotate around the connecting rod 24 to the open notch 21, the scraping claws 31 protrude out of the open notch 21 to abut against and scrape the silt, and scrape the silt into the digging bucket 30.

[0034] Refer to Figure 5 , specifically, the digging bucket 30 includes an end plate 32, two side plates 33 and a bottom plate 34. The end plate 32 and the side plates 33 are both perpendicular to the bottom plate 34. The two side plates 33 are arranged oppositely, and the two sides of the end plate 32 are respectively fixedly connected to the edges of the two side plates 33. The connecting arm 27 is fixedly connected to the surface of the end plate 32. Side flushing holes 331 are provided on the surfaces of the end plate 32 and the side plates 33. The scraping claws 31 are located on the side of the bottom plate 34 away from the end plate 32. A vibration motor 332 is fixedly installed on the surface of the side plate 33. A first rotating shaft 333 is installed on the side of the side plate 33 away from the end plate 32. The first rotating shaft 333 is arranged along the width direction of the bottom plate 34. The first side of the bottom plate 34 is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft 333, and the second side of the bottom plate 34 is a free end. During the rotation of the bottom plate 34 around the first rotating shaft 333, the two sides of the bottom plate 34 respectively abut against and scrape the surfaces of the two side plates 33, changing the volume of the digging bucket 30.

[0035] Refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7, the bottom plate 34 includes a rotating plate 341 and a sliding plate 342. The rotating plate 341 is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft 333. The rotating plate 341 and the sliding plate 342 are arranged in parallel. Limiting tracks 343 are provided on both side edges of the rotating plate 341, and the limiting tracks 343 extend along the length direction of the rotating plate 341. Both sides of the sliding plate 342 are slidably arranged in the limiting tracks 343. The length of the sliding plate 342 is less than the length of the rotating plate 341. Inner flushing holes 344 are penetrated through the surface of the rotating plate 341 along the thickness direction, and outer flushing holes 345 are penetrated through the surface of the sliding plate 342 along the thickness direction. When the edge of the sliding plate 342 moves near the first rotating shaft 333, the outer flushing holes 345 are opposite to the inner flushing holes 344, making the bottom plate 34 in a hollow state; when the edge of the sliding plate 342 moves away from near the first rotating shaft 333, the outer flushing holes 345 are misaligned with the inner flushing holes 344, making the bottom plate 34 in a closed state.

[0036] Refer to Figure 6 , sliding grooves 346 are provided on the surface of the rotating plate 341 along the length direction. A through rod 347 is convexly installed on one side of the sliding plate 342 facing the rotating plate 341. The through rod 347 passes through the sliding groove 346 and slides along the sliding groove 346. A shovel plate 348 is fixedly installed at one end of the through rod 347 passing through the sliding groove 346. The shovel plate 348 is inclined. The shovel plate 348 abuts against the surface of the rotating plate 341.

[0037] Refer to Figure 7 , a sliding track 349 is fixedly installed on one side of the sliding plate 342 facing away from the rotating plate 341 along the sliding direction of the sliding plate 342. A sliding block 350 is slidably installed on the sliding track 349. Limit blocks 351 are respectively provided at both ends of the sliding track 349, and the limit blocks 351 are used to limit the sliding block 350 from disengaging from the sliding track 349. The length of the sliding track 349 is greater than the length of the limiting track 343, and a hinge shaft is provided on the sliding block 350.

[0038] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 8 , an adjusting cylinder 28 is rotatably installed on the connecting arm 27. The cylinder body of the adjusting cylinder 28 is rotatably connected to the connecting arm 27, and the piston rod of the adjusting cylinder 28 is rotatably connected to the hinge shaft of the sliding block 350. When the piston rod of the adjusting cylinder 28 extends, the piston rod of the adjusting cylinder 28 pushes the bottom plate 34 to rotate around the first rotating shaft 333 towards the inside of the digging bucket 30, and pushes out the silt in the digging bucket 30.

[0039] Refer to Figure 3, an arc-shaped base 29 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the shielding cover 20. The arc-shaped base 29 is located at the mud discharging position in the dredging head 12. The top surface of the arc-shaped base 29 is arc-shaped. The arc-shaped base 29 is symmetric with respect to the connecting rod 24 relative to the open notch 21. The arc-shaped base 29 is located on the rotation path of the digging bucket 30, and the digging bucket 30 slides on the top surface of the arc-shaped base 29. When the digging bucket 30 moves onto the arc-shaped base 29, the connecting arm 27 rotates towards the hull 10 around the second rotation axis 26, causing the digging bucket 30 to lift upwards. A plurality of first high-pressure nozzles 210 are installed on the top surface of the arc-shaped base 29. The first high-pressure nozzles 210 spray high-pressure water towards the lifted digging bucket 30. The high-pressure water flushes the silt in the digging bucket 30 out through the side flushing holes 331, the inner flushing holes 344, and the outer flushing holes 345, solving the problem of silt adhesion.

[0040] Refer to Figure 2 , a second high-pressure nozzle 211 is installed on the inner wall of the shielding cover 20. The second high-pressure nozzle 211 is located above the arc-shaped base 29. The second high-pressure nozzle 211 cooperates with the first high-pressure nozzle 210 to improve the cleaning effect of the silt in the digging bucket 30.

[0041] Refer to Figure 1 , a suction pipe 13 is installed on the digging arm 11. The suction port of the suction pipe 13 passes through the shielding cover 20 and is located above the arc-shaped base 29, sucking the silt flushed out from the digging bucket 30 into the suction pipe 13.

[0042] Refer to Figure 1 , a sprinkler head 14 is also installed on the digging arm 11. The sprinkler head 14 faces the side of the hull 10 opposite to the digging and moving direction of the hull 10. The sprinkler head 14 is used to spray a biodegradant into the river water after dredging. The biodegradant decomposes the organic matter in the silt, reducing the generation of odors and harmful substances, and at the same time promoting the natural restoration of the river ecosystem. The biodegradant can be one or more of polylactic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoates, polybutylene succinate, starch-based biodegradants, biosurfactants, or polycaprolactone.

[0043] The working process of this embodiment is as follows: The hull 10 moves in the river. The dredging head 12 is placed in the water through the digging arm 11, and the open notch 21 faces the silt in the river. The driving motor 23 is started, and the driving motor 23 drives the digging bucket 30 to rotate in the shielding cover 20 through the connecting arm 27. When the digging bucket 30 moves to the open notch 21 and is in the digging state, the piston rod of the cylinder 28 is adjusted to contract, the inner flushing holes 344 and the outer flushing holes 345 are misaligned, and at this time, the volume of the digging bucket 30 is the largest. The digging bucket 30 digs a piece of silt from the river.

[0044] When the digging bucket 30 with silt moves to the arc-shaped base 29 and is in the state of discharging silt, the digging bucket 30 is lifted by the arc-shaped base 29. At this time, the piston rod of the adjusting cylinder 28 extends, pushing the sliding plate 342 to slide relative to the rotating plate 341, making the inner flushing hole 344 opposite to the outer flushing hole 345, and separating the silt from the surface of the inner plate by using the shovel plate 348. Under the action of the piston rod of the adjusting cylinder 28, the bottom plate 34 rotates around the first rotating shaft 333, so that the inner plate rotates towards the inside of the digging bucket 30, and the silt in the digging bucket 30 is pushed out of the digging bucket 30.

[0045] At this time, the flushing device is used to spray high-pressure water flow towards the digging bucket 30 through the first high-pressure nozzle 210 and the second high-pressure nozzle 211, flushing the silt in the digging bucket 30 out, and improving the cleaning efficiency of the silt in the digging bucket 30.

[0046] For sundries in the river course, such as branches and aquatic plants, etc. Control the digging arm 11 to move the dredging head 12 to the water surface towards the sundries. When the digging bucket 30 grabs the sundries and rotates, the cutting tooth knife 22 and the scraping claw 31 are used in cooperation to divide the sundries into small pieces, realizing the function of clearing obstacles on the river surface.

[0047] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated device for dredging water conservancy rivers and clearing ecological obstacles, characterized in that: The invention comprises a hull (10) and an excavating arm (11) arranged on the hull (10); a plurality of connecting arms (27) are rotatably arranged at the end of the excavating arm (11); an excavating bucket (30) is arranged at the end of each connecting arm (27); the excavating bucket (30) comprises two side plates (33) and a bottom plate (34); the two side plates (33) are arranged on both sides of the bottom plate (34); the side plates (33) and the bottom plate (34) are arranged in a U-shape; a side of the side plate (33) away from the connecting arm (27) is rotatably arranged along the width direction of the bottom plate (34); A first rotating shaft (333), a first side of the base plate (34) is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft (333), an adjusting cylinder (28) is arranged on the connecting arm (27), a sliding block (350) is slidingly arranged on the surface of the base plate (34), the sliding block (350) slides along the length direction of the base plate (34), an output shaft of the adjusting cylinder (28) is rotatably connected to the sliding block (350), when the piston rod of the adjusting cylinder (28) is extended, the base plate (34) rotates around the first rotating shaft (333), thereby reducing the volume of the excavating bucket (30).

2. The integrated device for dredging waterways and clearing ecological obstacles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate (34) comprises a rotating plate (341) and a sliding plate (342), the edge of the rotating plate (341) is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft (333), the sliding plate (342) is in contact with the rotating plate (341), and the sliding plate (342) is slidably connected to the rotating plate (341), a sliding groove (346) is provided on the surface of the rotating plate (341) along the length direction of the rotating plate (341), a through rod (347) is provided on the sliding plate (342), a shovel plate (348) is provided at one end of the through rod (347) passing through the sliding groove (346), and the shovel plate (348) is abutted against a side of the rotating plate (341) facing away from the sliding plate (342).

3. The integrated device for dredging waterways and clearing ecological obstacles according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A second rotating shaft (26) is arranged in the digging arm (11), and the second rotating shaft (26) is perpendicular to the rotating shaft of the connecting arm (27) rotating around the digging arm (11). An arc-shaped base (29) is arranged in the digging arm (11), and the digging bucket (30) slides along the surface of the arc-shaped base (29). An extraction pipe (13) is arranged inside the digging arm (11), and the extraction pipe (13) is located above the arc-shaped base (29). When the digging bucket (30) is located on the arc-shaped base (29), the suction port of the extraction pipe (13) faces the opening of the digging bucket (30).

4. The integrated device for dredging waterways and clearing ecological obstacles according to claim 3 is characterized by: A first high-pressure nozzle (210) is provided on the top surface of the arc-shaped base (29), and a side flushing hole (331) is provided on the surface of the side plate (33). When the excavating bucket (30) is located on the arc-shaped base (29), the first high-pressure nozzle (210) sprays high-pressure water into the excavating bucket (30) through the side flushing hole (331).

5. The integrated device for dredging waterways and clearing ecological obstacles according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vibration motor (332) is arranged on the back side of the side plate (33).

6. The integrated device for dredging waterways and clearing ecological obstacles according to claim 3 is characterized by: A shielding cover (20) is provided at the end of the excavating arm (11), the connecting arm (27) is arranged inside the shielding cover (20), and a second high-pressure nozzle (211) is provided inside the shielding cover (20), the second high-pressure nozzle (211) is located above the arc-shaped base (29), and the second high-pressure nozzle (211) is used to spray a high-pressure water flow toward the inside of the excavating bucket (30).

7. The integrated device for dredging waterways and clearing ecological obstacles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surface of the rotating plate (341) is also penetrated with an inner flushing hole (344), and the surface of the sliding plate (342) is penetrated with an outer flushing hole (345). When the piston rod of the adjusting cylinder (28) is extended, the inner flushing hole (344) is opposite to the outer flushing hole (345).

8. The integrated device for dredging waterways and clearing ecological obstacles according to claim 6, characterized in that: A scraping claw (31) is provided at the tip edge of the digging bucket (30).

9. The integrated device for dredging waterways and clearing ecological obstacles according to claim 8, characterized in that: The shielding cover (20) is provided with an open notch (21) on one side close to the sludge, the open notch (21) protrudes during the rotation of the excavating bucket (30), a cutting tooth knife (22) is provided on the edge of the open notch (21), and the scraping claws (31) are staggeredly distributed relative to the cutting tooth knife (22).

10. The integrated device for dredging waterways and clearing ecological obstacles according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spray head (14) is arranged on the side of the excavating arm (11) facing away from the excavating movement direction of the hull (10), and the spray head (14) is used for spraying a biodegradation agent.

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