Multi-axial composite spherical wind generator

Abstract

This invention provides a multi-axis composite spherical wind turbine, specifically belonging to the field of wind power generation technology. By adopting a spherical structure for both the horizontal and vertical axis rotor system components, the wind turbine's frontal area is increased, allowing it to utilize wind directions from all directions. The opposing rotation of the positive and negative horizontal rotors cancels out the torques generated during operation, reducing the load on the rotor and transmission systems of the vertical axis wind turbine and improving its overall power generation efficiency. This invention includes a support system component and a horizontal axis rotor system component, as well as a vertical axis rotor system component and a sensing system component. The sensing system component is located on the outer side of the middle of the support system component, the vertical axis rotor system component is located on the outer side of the upper part of the support system component, and the horizontal axis rotor system component is located on the outer side of the vertical axis rotor system component.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a multi-axis composite spherical wind turbine, specifically belonging to the field of wind power generation technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the depletion of fossil fuels and the increasing severity of environmental pollution, wind energy, as a clean, efficient, and safe energy source, has attracted worldwide attention and is considered one of the most promising new energy sources for the future. Based on the different rotating shafts, wind turbines are mainly divided into two categories: horizontal axis wind turbines and vertical axis wind turbines. However, horizontal axis wind turbines have large rotors and high centers, which places high demands on the overall structural strength and foundation bearing capacity. In addition, the overall structure is relatively complex and the cost is relatively high.

[0003] Therefore, researchers are dedicated to the research of vertical axis wind turbines. Vertical axis wind turbines can be divided into lift-type vertical axis wind turbines and drag-type vertical axis wind turbines according to different working principles. Vertical axis wind turbines have advantages such as simple structure, convenient installation and maintenance, and the ability to receive wind from multiple directions without the need for yaw devices. However, vertical axis wind turbines have disadvantages such as low wind energy utilization efficiency and poor self-starting performance, which will have an adverse impact on the promotion and utilization of vertical axis wind turbines. In addition, conventional vertical axis wind turbines are prone to fatigue of the transmission shaft system, and may even lead to the breakage of the transmission shaft and the overturning of the overall structure, which directly leads to reduced economic benefits and serious waste of resources.

[0004] Existing optimization methods include optimizing the structure of vertical axis wind turbines to improve their power generation efficiency. Publication number "CN202410209184" describes a ring-shaped wind turbine. The design of spherical wind turbine blades can increase the number of blades and improve wind power generation performance to a certain extent. However, it does not take into account the situation where the operating state cannot be changed under extreme weather conditions, which can easily cause damage. In addition, when turbulent wind passes by, due to the spherical design, the direction of rotation of such blades cannot be controlled, which can easily cause serious damage to the generator set.

[0005] The publication number "CN118273881A" discloses a spherical wind turbine with a wind-gathering shell. By setting a hemispherical wind outlet shell and several air outlets on the upper part of the wind-gathering shell, it can achieve the effect that the wind from any direction can be directed at the blades, thereby improving the power generation efficiency. However, it also does not take into account the safety of the wind turbine under extreme weather conditions and the rotation direction of the blades, leaving potential safety hazards, which is not conducive to later maintenance and repair. All of these issues need further optimization and improvement.

[0006] Furthermore, due to the structural form of vertical axis wind turbines, existing technologies are prone to problems such as stalling, which can easily lead to the overturning and collapse of the unit under extreme operating conditions, seriously threatening the safety of life and property. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-axis composite spherical wind turbine to reduce the load on the overall structure, increase the utilization efficiency of turbulent wind, improve the power generation efficiency of vertical axis wind turbines, and solve the possibility of further damage under extreme working conditions.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: the invention includes a support system component and a horizontal shaft rotor system component, and also includes a vertical shaft rotor system component and a sensing system component;

[0009] A sensing system component is located on the outer side of the middle part of the support system component, a vertical axis rotor system component is located on the outer side of the upper part of the support system component, a horizontal axis rotor system component is located on the outer side of the vertical axis rotor system component, and the horizontal axis rotor system component is connected to the support system component.

[0010] Furthermore, the overall stability of the device is improved by supporting the support system components. The real-time wind speed and direction information is received by the sensing system components, and the collected wind speed and direction information can be further processed and fed back to the corresponding controller. The controller can adjust the operating status of the vertical rotor system and the horizontal rotor system in real time, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the device. The horizontal axis rotor system components cooperate with the vertical axis rotor system components to increase the windward area of ​​the wind turbine, thereby utilizing wind directions from all directions and maximizing the use of turbulent winds from different directions, thus improving the overall power generation efficiency of the wind turbine.

[0011] The support system components include a base support, a vertical shaft, an annular support, a horizontal shaft, and connecting shafts. The base support provides support for the overall structure. A sensing system component is installed on the outer side of the top of the base support. A vertical shaft is installed on the top of the base support. A vertical shaft rotor system component is installed on the outer side of the vertical shaft. Connecting shafts are installed on the outer sides of both the upper and lower ends of the vertical shaft. An annular support is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the connecting shaft. Horizontal shafts are installed at both ends of the annular support.

[0012] Furthermore, the horizontal shaft rotor system assembly is supported by connecting shafts, ring supports, and horizontal rotating shafts, thereby improving the stability of the horizontal shaft rotor system assembly and facilitating subsequent disassembly and maintenance. The vertical shaft supports the vertical shaft rotor system assembly, thereby improving the stability of the vertical shaft rotor system assembly during installation and use.

[0013] The horizontal shaft rotor system components include a positive horizontal rotor, an anti-horizontal rotor, and umbrella-shaped blades;

[0014] The horizontal shaft rotor system assembly includes a positive horizontal rotor, an anti-horizontal rotor, and umbrella-shaped blades. Umbrella-shaped blades are fixedly installed at one end of the horizontal shaft at equal angles. There are two sets of umbrella-shaped blades. One set of umbrella-shaped blades constitutes the positive horizontal rotor, with the convex side of the positive horizontal rotor facing the windward direction. The other set of umbrella-shaped blades constitutes the anti-horizontal rotor, with the concave side of the anti-horizontal rotor facing the windward direction. There is a gap between the umbrella-shaped blades in the positive and anti-horizontal rotors. The umbrella-shaped blades are set with an inclined structure. The inclination angle of the umbrella-shaped blades in the positive horizontal rotor is opposite to that in the anti-horizontal rotor. The positive and anti-horizontal rotors are set with a structure that rotates in opposite directions.

[0015] The size of the root of the umbrella-shaped leaf is small, while the size of the tip of the umbrella-shaped leaf is large. The convex surface of the umbrella-shaped leaf is a spherical arc surface. When a group of umbrella-shaped leaves are completely closed, they will form a hemisphere.

[0016] Furthermore, the design incorporates detachable umbrella-shaped blades, allowing for flexible blade replacement as needed. This facilitates management and maintenance, enables mass production, and reduces subsequent maintenance and repair costs.

[0017] The vertical axis rotor system assembly includes curved blades, spoilers, ventilation holes, and a rotating shaft. The vertical axis rotor system assembly is designed as a spherical structure. It is composed of curved blades spliced ​​together. Ventilation holes are opened on the curved blades. Spoilers and rotating shafts are installed in the ventilation holes. One end of the rotating shaft is connected to the spoilers. When the spoilers are fully closed, the vertical axis rotor system assembly will form a complete sphere.

[0018] The inner diameter of the ventilation hole is set to be greater than the diameter of the spoiler, and the inner diameter of the ventilation hole decreases gradually towards both ends.

[0019] Furthermore, the structure of the spoiler, which can rotate around the pivot, allows the curved blades and the spoiler to form a complete outer spherical surface when encountering extreme operating conditions. This reduces the wind turbine's frontal area and improves its safety under extreme conditions.

[0020] The sensing system components include a wind direction sensor, a wind speed sensor, a processor, and a controller, which are integrated and installed together.

[0021] Furthermore, real-time wind speed and direction information is received through wind direction and wind speed sensors. The processor further processes the collected wind speed and direction information and feeds it back to the corresponding controller, which then adjusts the operating status of the vertical rotor system components and the horizontal rotor system components in real time.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0023] 1. By adopting a spherical structure for both the horizontal and vertical axis rotor system components, the number of wind turbine blades is increased, and the windward area of ​​the wind turbine is enlarged. This allows for the utilization of wind directions from all directions. The horizontal axis rotor system component consists of two hemispherical blades, a positive horizontal rotor and an anti-horizontal rotor, which can rotate in opposite directions. The opposing torques generated during wind turbine operation cancel each other out, which can reduce the load on the rotor system and transmission system in the vertical axis wind turbine. At the same time, it can maximize the utilization of turbulent winds from different wind directions and improve the overall power generation efficiency of the wind turbine.

[0024] 2. The structure, in which both the umbrella-shaped blades and the spoiler can rotate around their respective axes, allows the umbrella-shaped blades to rotate to form a complete outer spherical surface and the spoiler to close completely under extreme conditions, thereby forming an inner spherical surface that reduces the wind turbine's frontal area and improves its safety under extreme conditions.

[0025] 3. By combining a horizontal-axis wind turbine with a vertical-axis wind turbine, the power generation efficiency of the wind turbine is improved by utilizing the easy self-starting performance of the vertical-axis wind turbine and the high power output of the horizontal-axis wind turbine. Furthermore, the horizontal-axis rotor system component is located outside the vertical-axis rotor system component, with a certain gap between the umbrella-shaped blades to ensure that the vertical-axis rotor system component has sufficient air intake to drive it. The horizontal-axis rotor system component can be driven to rotate by a sensor, ensuring that it always rotates facing the windward side, thus solving the problem that horizontal-axis wind turbines cannot change their windward direction.

[0026] 4. The umbrella-shaped and curved blades are designed to be detachable, which makes the modular design of the umbrella-shaped and curved blades highly modular. The blades can be flexibly replaced as needed, which is convenient for management and maintenance, facilitates mass production, and is beneficial for later maintenance and repair, thus reducing the later use cost. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a front view structural diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the umbrella-shaped blade of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the arc-shaped blade of the present invention.

[0033] 1. Support system components; 11. Foundation support; 12. Vertical shaft; 13. Annular support; 14. Horizontal shaft; 15. Connecting shaft; 2. Horizontal shaft rotor system components; 21. Positive horizontal rotor; 22. Negative horizontal rotor; 211. Umbrella blades; 3. Vertical shaft rotor system components; 31. Arc blades; 311. Spoiler; 312. Ventilation hole; 313. Shaft connecting rod; 4. Sensing system components. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The following will be combined with the appendix Figure 1-6 The technical solutions in the embodiments are described clearly and completely.

[0035] Specific implementation method one: as follows Figure 1-3 As shown, the device as a whole consists of four parts: a support system assembly 1, a horizontal axis rotor system assembly 2, a vertical axis rotor system assembly 3, and a sensing system assembly 4.

[0036] The support system component 1 includes a base support 11, a vertical pivot 12, a ring support 13, a horizontal pivot 14, and a connecting shaft 15; the base support 11 is located at the bottom of the spherical wind turbine and is used to support the weight of the entire structure.

[0037] A sensing system component 4 is installed on the outer side of the top of the foundation support 11. A vertical rotating shaft 12 is installed on the top of the foundation support 11. A vertical axis rotor system component 3 is installed on the outer side of the vertical rotating shaft 12. The vertical axis rotor system component 3 can rotate around the vertical rotating shaft 12, thereby realizing the power generation effect of the vertical axis rotor system component 3.

[0038] Connecting shafts 15 are installed on the outer sides of both the upper and lower ends of the vertical rotating shaft 12. The two connecting shafts 15 can rotate at the same frequency on the outer side of the vertical rotating shaft 12. A ring-shaped support 13 is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting shaft 15. The ring-shaped support 13 can rotate around the vertical rotating shaft 12 through the connecting shafts 15, so that the horizontal shaft rotor system assembly 2 can always face the windward direction for operation. A horizontal rotating shaft 14 is provided at one end of the ring-shaped support 13, and the ring-shaped support 13 is used to support the horizontal rotating shaft 14.

[0039] One end of the horizontal rotating shaft 14 is fixedly equipped with umbrella-shaped blades 221 at equal angles. There are two sets of umbrella-shaped blades 221. One set of umbrella-shaped blades 221 forms a positive horizontal rotor 21, with the convex side of the positive horizontal rotor 21 facing the windward direction. The other set of umbrella-shaped blades 221 forms a negative horizontal rotor 22, with the concave side of the negative horizontal rotor 22 facing the windward direction. The positive horizontal rotor 21 and the negative horizontal rotor 22 are arranged to rotate in opposite directions. By setting the positive horizontal rotor 21 and the negative horizontal rotor 22 to rotate around the two horizontal rotating shafts 14 respectively, the horizontal shaft rotor system component 2 is able to generate electricity.

[0040] Among them, the root of the umbrella-shaped blade 221 is small and the end of the umbrella-shaped blade 221 is large. The convex surface of the umbrella-shaped blade 221 is a spherical arc surface. When a set of umbrella-shaped blades 221 are completely closed, they will form a hemisphere. The umbrella-shaped blades 211 can tilt inward to form a certain angle. The tilt angle of the umbrella-shaped blades 211 in the positive horizontal rotor 21 is opposite to that of the umbrella-shaped blades 211 in the anti-horizontal rotor 22. This achieves mutual cancellation of the torque generated by the reverse rotation of the positive horizontal rotor 21 and the anti-horizontal rotor 22, which significantly reduces the transmission load of the overall structure and thus improves the safety performance of the device.

[0041] When the wind turbine is under extreme operating conditions, the umbrella-shaped blades 211 in the horizontal axis rotor system assembly 2 can rotate to the contact state, thereby forming two complete hemispherical shapes, reducing the swept area and protecting the main structure of the wind turbine. At this time, the connecting shaft 15 can still rotate around the vertical rotating shaft 12, realizing the slight rotation of the horizontal axis rotor system 2, preventing the wind turbine from being damaged when the wind speed is too high.

[0042] Meanwhile, there is a certain gap between the umbrella-shaped blades in the positive horizontal rotor 21 and the negative horizontal rotor 22 to prevent collisions and other unsafe factors when adjusting the positive horizontal rotor 21 and the negative horizontal rotor 22 due to the small distance. The gap can drive the vertical axis rotor system assembly 3 set inside. There is also a certain gap between the umbrella-shaped blades 211 in the positive horizontal rotor 21 to facilitate the smooth flow of positive wind into the interior of the spherical wind turbine, thereby driving the internal vertical axis rotor system assembly 3.

[0043] Specific implementation method two: such as Figure 4-6As shown, the vertical axis rotor system assembly 3 includes arc-shaped blades 31, a spoiler 311, a ventilation hole 312, and a rotating shaft 313. The vertical axis rotor system assembly 3 is designed with a spherical structure. The spherical structure allows the vertical axis rotor system assembly 3 to utilize turbulent winds from all wind directions, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the vertical axis wind turbine. The vertical axis rotor system assembly 3 is composed of arc-shaped blades 31 spliced ​​together. Ventilation holes 312 are provided on the arc-shaped blades 31. A spoiler 311 and a rotating shaft 313 are provided in the ventilation holes 312. One end of the rotating shaft 313 is connected to the spoiler 311. The inner diameter of the ventilation hole 312 is larger than the diameter of the spoiler 311. The spoiler 311 can rotate along the rotating shaft 313, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the vertical axis rotor system assembly. The ventilation hole 312 located in the middle of the arc-shaped blade 31 has the largest inner diameter and gradually decreases towards the top and bottom ends. The ventilation holes 312 at the top and bottom of the arc-shaped blade 31 have the smallest inner diameter.

[0044] When the wind turbine is under extreme operating conditions, the spoiler 311 in the vertical axis rotor system assembly 3 can rotate around the rotating shaft 313. When the spoiler 311 is fully closed, the vertical axis rotor system assembly 3 will form a complete sphere, thereby completing the shutdown under extreme operating conditions and protecting the safety of the overall structure of the wind turbine.

[0045] The sensing system component 4 includes a wind direction sensor, a wind speed sensor, a processor, and a controller. The wind direction sensor, wind speed sensor, processor, and controller are integrated together. The wind direction sensor and the wind speed sensor can receive real-time wind speed and direction information. The processor can further process the collected wind speed and direction information and feed it back to the corresponding controller. The controller then adjusts the operating status of the vertical rotor system and the horizontal rotor system in real time, thereby improving the overall intelligence level of the device.

[0046] The control method for a multi-axis composite spherical wind turbine generator has the following steps:

[0047] Step 1: Input local climate information into the memory. The processor determines the opening and closing angle of the blade system based on the input information. The wind speed sensor captures wind speed and direction data in real time. The processor issues instructions to open, close, or adjust the angle of the blade system based on the captured wind speed signal.

[0048] Step 2: Under normal turbulent wind conditions, the convex surface of the positive horizontal rotor 21 faces the windward side, and the concave surface of the negative horizontal rotor 22 faces the windward side. The positive horizontal rotor 21 and the negative horizontal rotor 22 rotate in opposite directions. The spoiler 311 on the arc blade 31 in the vertical axis rotor system assembly 3 is opened, and the airflow accelerates the rotation of the vertical axis rotor system assembly 3 through the ventilation hole 312. Depending on the wind speed and wind direction, the angle of the umbrella blade 221 in the horizontal axis rotor system assembly 2 can be adjusted appropriately, and the angle of the spoiler 311 in the vertical axis rotor system assembly 3 can be adjusted appropriately.

[0049] Step 3: When the wind speed detected by the wind speed sensor exceeds the cut-out wind speed, the processor controls the umbrella-shaped blades 221 in the horizontal axis rotor system assembly 2 to rotate to the closed state. Multiple sets of umbrella-shaped blades 221 cooperate to form a complete sphere. The baffles 311 on the arc-shaped blades 31 in the vertical axis rotor system assembly 3 rotate to the closed state, so that the entire vertical axis rotor system assembly 3 forms a complete sphere. At this time, the fan stops running.

[0050] Step 4: Restore operation:

[0051] Once the extreme operating conditions are resolved, the controller readjusts the spoilers 311 on the umbrella-shaped blades 221 in the horizontal axis rotor system assembly 2 and the arc-shaped blades 31 in the vertical axis rotor system assembly 3 to the normal operating angle based on the wind speed signal, thereby restoring the wind turbine's power generation function.

[0052] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention, based on the technical essence of the present invention and within the spirit and principles of the present invention, shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-shaft composite spherical wind turbine generator, comprising a support system assembly (1) and a horizontal shaft rotor system assembly (2), characterized in that, It also includes a vertical axis rotor system assembly (3) and a sensing system assembly (4). A sensing system assembly (4) is provided on the outer side of the middle part of the support system assembly (1), a vertical shaft rotor system assembly (3) is provided on the outer side of the upper part of the support system assembly (1), a horizontal shaft rotor system assembly (2) is provided on the outer side of the vertical shaft rotor system assembly (3), and the horizontal shaft rotor system assembly (2) is connected to the support system assembly (1). The horizontal shaft rotor system assembly (2) includes a positive horizontal rotor (21), an anti-horizontal rotor (22), and umbrella-shaped blades (221). A horizontal rotating shaft (14) has umbrella-shaped blades (221) fixedly installed at one end at equal angles. There are two sets of umbrella-shaped blades (221). One set of umbrella-shaped blades (221) forms a positive horizontal rotor (21), with the convex side of the positive horizontal rotor (21) facing the windward direction. The other set of umbrella-shaped blades (221) forms a negative horizontal rotor (22), with the concave side of the negative horizontal rotor (22) facing the windward direction. There is a gap between the umbrella-shaped blades (221) in the positive horizontal rotor (21) and the negative horizontal rotor (22). The umbrella-shaped blades (221) are set with an inclined structure. The inclination angle of the umbrella-shaped blades (221) in the positive horizontal rotor (21) is opposite to that of the umbrella-shaped blades (221) in the negative horizontal rotor (22). The positive horizontal rotor (21) and the negative horizontal rotor (22) are set with structures that rotate in opposite directions. The vertical axis rotor system assembly (3) includes arc blades (31), a spoiler (311), a vent (312), and a shaft (313). The vertical axis rotor system assembly (3) is set as a spherical structure. The vertical axis rotor system assembly (3) is composed of arc blades (31) spliced ​​together. The arc blades (31) have ventilation holes (312). The ventilation holes (312) are equipped with a baffle (311) and a rotating shaft (313). One end of the rotating shaft (313) is connected to the baffle (311). When the baffle (311) is fully closed, the vertical axis rotor system assembly (3) will form a complete sphere.

2. The multi-axis composite spherical wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support system component (1) includes a base support (11), a vertical pivot (12), a ring support (13), a horizontal pivot (14), and a connecting shaft (15). The base support (11) supports the overall structure. A sensing system component (4) is set on the outer side of the top of the base support (11). A vertical shaft (12) is installed on the top of the base support (11). A vertical shaft rotor system component (3) is set on the outer side of the vertical shaft (12). A connecting shaft (15) is installed on the outer side of both the upper and lower ends of the vertical shaft (12). A ring support (13) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the connecting shaft (15). A horizontal shaft (14) is set on one end of the ring support (13).

3. The multi-axis composite spherical wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The root of the umbrella-shaped blade (221) is small, the end of the umbrella-shaped blade (221) is large, and the convex surface of the umbrella-shaped blade (221) is a spherical arc surface. When a set of umbrella-shaped blades (221) are completely closed, they will form a hemisphere.

4. A multi-axis composite spherical wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the ventilation hole (312) is set to be greater than the diameter of the spoiler (311), and the inner diameter of the ventilation hole (312) decreases gradually towards both ends.

5. A multi-axis composite spherical wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensing system component (4) includes a wind direction sensor, a wind speed sensor, a processor, and a controller, which are integrated together.

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