Optical path system and spectrometer

Abstract

An embodiment of the present application provides an optical path system and a spectrometer, wherein the optical path system includes a light incident component, a spherical converging reflector, a concave reflection grating and a sensing element; the incident angles of the concave reflection grating and the spherical converging reflector are located in different planes, so that the spherical converging reflector and the spherical converging reflector produce dispersions of opposite signs and cancel each other out; or, the optical path system includes a light source, a first spherical converging reflector, a collimating reflector, a plane reflection grating, a second spherical converging reflector and a detection element, and the plane where the light source, the first spherical converging reflector and the collimating reflector are located is different from the plane where the collimating reflector, the plane reflection grating, the second spherical converging reflector and the detection element are located; the incident angles of the second spherical converging reflector and the first spherical converging reflector are located in different planes, so that the first spherical converging reflector and the second spherical converging reflector produce dispersions of opposite signs and cancel each other out, thereby improving the response capability of the spectrometer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of spectrometers, and in particular to an optical path system and a spectrometer. Background Art

[0002] A spectrometer is a precision optical instrument that decomposes complex light into a spectrum through a grating and records the spectrum.

[0003] In the related art, the optical path system of the spectrometer includes: a light incident component, a converging reflector, a reflection grating and a sensor element; the light incident component, the converging reflector, the reflection grating and the sensor element are arranged in the same plane; the light incident component emits a multi-wavelength or wide-spectrum light beam to be measured, the converging reflector receives the light beam to be measured from the light incident component and reflects it in a converging manner, the reflection grating receives the light beam to be measured converged from the converging reflector, and disperses the light beam to be measured into multiple light beams according to wavelength, and the sensor element receives multiple light beams and forms electrical signals for subsequent data analysis.

[0004] However, spectrometers generally use off-axis reflective optical paths, and the actual object points of the converging reflector and the reflection grating are not on their respective optical axes. As a result, light rays emitted from the light-incident components in different planes will be deflected at different angles after being refracted by the reflector, resulting in astigmatism and the formation of long strips of light spots.

[0005] Furthermore, the light incident component, the converging reflector, the reflective grating, and the sensor element are arranged in the same plane, so the deflection angles of the converging reflector and the reflective grating are also located in the same plane. The converging reflector and the reflective grating will cause astigmatism of the same sign, thereby causing the astigmatism to continue to increase.

[0006] Since the height of the long strip of light formed by astigmatism is much greater than the longitudinal height of the detector's sensitive surface, a considerable portion of the light is irradiated into the non-photosensitive area and cannot form an effective signal, resulting in a decrease in the response capability of the spectrometer. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an optical path system and a spectrometer to reduce the astigmatism of the light beam to be measured that irradiates the sensor element of the spectrometer, thereby improving the responsiveness of the spectrometer. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0008] The embodiment of the present application provides an optical path system for a spectrometer, comprising: a light incident component, a spherical converging reflector, a concave reflective grating, and a sensor element;

[0009] The light incident component is used to emit a light beam to be measured;

[0010] The spherical converging reflector is used to receive and reflect the light beam to be measured emitted by the light incident component;

[0011] The concave reflection grating is used to disperse the light beam to be measured reflected by the spherical converging reflector into multiple light beams according to wavelength. The incident angle of the concave reflection grating and the incident angle of the spherical converging reflector are located in different planes, so that the spherical converging reflector and the spherical converging reflector produce dispersions with opposite signs, which cancel each other out.

[0012] The sensing element is used to receive the multiple light beams and form electrical signals.

[0013] The embodiment of the present application further provides a spectrometer, comprising the above-mentioned optical path system; and a lamp housing and a spectrum detection housing;

[0014] The lamp housing and the spectrum detection housing are detachably connected;

[0015] The light-incoming component and the spherical converging reflector of the optical path system are arranged in the lamp housing; the concave reflection grating and the sensor element are arranged in the spectrum detection housing;

[0016] The lamp housing is provided with a lamp housing light exit hole; the spectrum detection housing is provided with a light entrance hole; the lamp housing light exit hole corresponds to the position of the light entrance hole, so that the light beam to be measured emitted by the light entrance component in the lamp housing is reflected by the spherical converging reflector and then incident on the concave reflection grating in the spectrum detection housing.

[0017] The embodiment of the present application provides another optical path system for a spectrometer, comprising: a light source, a first spherical converging reflector, a collimating reflector, a plane reflection grating, a second spherical converging reflector, and a detection element;

[0018] The light source is used to emit a light beam to be measured;

[0019] The first spherical converging reflector is used to receive and convergingly reflect the light beam to be measured emitted by the light source;

[0020] The collimating reflector is used to receive the light beam to be measured reflected by the first spherical converging reflector and collimate the light beam to be measured into a parallel light beam;

[0021] The plane reflection grating is used to disperse the parallel light beam collimated by the collimating reflector into multiple light beams according to wavelength;

[0022] The second spherical converging reflector is used to receive and convergingly reflect the multiple light beams reflected by the planar reflection grating;

[0023] The light source, the first spherical converging reflector and the collimating reflector are located in the same plane, the collimating reflector, the plane reflection grating, the second spherical converging reflector and the detection element are located in the same plane, and the two planes are different planes; the incident angle of the second spherical converging reflector and the incident angle of the first spherical converging reflector are located in different planes, so that the first spherical converging reflector and the second spherical converging reflector produce dispersions of opposite signs, which cancel each other out.

[0024] The detection element is used to receive the multiple light beams and form electrical signals.

[0025] The embodiment of the present application further provides another spectrometer, comprising the above-mentioned optical path system; and a lamp housing and a spectrum detection housing;

[0026] The lamp housing and the spectrum detection housing are detachably connected;

[0027] The light source of the optical system and the first spherical converging reflector are arranged in the lamp housing; the collimating reflector, the plane reflection grating, the second spherical converging reflector and the detection element are arranged in the spectrum detection housing;

[0028] The lamp housing is provided with a lamp housing light outlet hole; the spectrum detection housing is provided with a light entrance hole; the lamp housing light outlet hole corresponds to the position of the light entrance hole, so that the light beam to be measured emitted by the light source in the lamp housing is reflected by the first spherical converging reflector and then incident on the collimating reflector in the spectrum detection housing.

[0029] Beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application:

[0030] An embodiment of the present application provides two optical path systems and a spectrometer, one optical path system including a light incident component, a spherical converging reflector, a concave reflection grating and a sensing element; the incident angles of the concave reflection grating and the spherical converging reflector are located in different planes, so that the spherical converging reflector and the spherical converging reflector produce dispersions with opposite signs, which cancel each other out, and the light spot irradiated on the sensing element can form a relatively ideal circle, so that the light spot matches the sensitive surface of the detector, so that most of the light is irradiated into the photosensitive area to form an effective signal, thereby reducing stray light and improving the response capability of the spectrometer.

[0031] In addition, when the concave reflection grating is a holographic concave grating, some holographic concave gratings, when designing and manufacturing the master, will perform targeted corrections for the astigmatism of a specific wavelength in order to improve the performance of that wavelength, and then mass-produce the grating. However, different application scenarios focus on different wavelengths. If the grating is specifically corrected for each application scenario when manufacturing the grating master, the cost of the grating will increase significantly. Using a non-coplanar optical path to adjust the astigmatism of the holographic concave grating optical path helps make the grating more versatile, thereby increasing the flexibility of the optical path design and significantly reducing the cost of the instrument.

[0032] Another optical path system includes a light source, a first spherical converging reflector, a collimating reflector, a plane reflection grating, a second spherical converging reflector, and a detection element. The plane where the light source, the first spherical converging reflector, and the collimating reflector are located is different from the plane where the collimating reflector, the plane reflection grating, the second spherical converging reflector, and the detection element are located. The incident angles of the second spherical converging reflector and the first spherical converging reflector are located in different planes, so that the first spherical converging reflector and the second spherical converging reflector produce dispersions with opposite signs, which cancel each other out. The light spot irradiated on the detection element can form a relatively ideal circle, so that the light spot matches the sensitive surface of the detector, so that most of the light is irradiated into the photosensitive area to form an effective signal, thereby reducing stray light and improving the response capability of the spectrometer.

[0033] Of course, it is not necessary to achieve all the advantages described above at the same time when implementing any product or method of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other embodiments can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the optical path system of the prior art;

[0036] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the principle of astigmatism formation;

[0037] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the first optical path system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the imaging effect of the coplanar optical path shown;

[0039] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the imaging effect of the non-coplanar light path of the first light path system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 6a A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the first spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 6b A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the first spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application from another angle (the cover plate and lamp housing are not shown);

[0042] Figure 6c An exploded view from a first angle of the first spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 6d A second angle exploded view of the first spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 6e An exploded view from a third angle of the first spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 7a A schematic structural diagram of a light input component of a first type of spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 7b A cross-sectional view of the light incident component of the first spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 8a A schematic diagram of the first angle structure of the lamp housing of the first spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 8b A schematic diagram of the second angle structure of the lamp housing of the first spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 8c A schematic diagram of the structure of the lamp housing of the first spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application from a third angle;

[0050] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a second optical path system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 10a Schematic diagram of another coplanar optical path;

[0052] Figure 10b for Figure 10a Schematic diagram of the imaging effect of the coplanar optical path shown;

[0053] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the imaging effect of the second optical path system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 12a A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the second spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 12b A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the second spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application from another angle (the cover plate and lamp housing are not shown);

[0056] Figure 12c An exploded view from a first angle of the second spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 12d A second angle exploded view of the second spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 12e An exploded view from a third angle of the second spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Figure 13a A schematic diagram of the light source structure of the second spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Figure 13b A cross-sectional view of a light source of the second spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] Figure 14a A schematic diagram of the first angle structure of the lamp housing of the second spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] Figure 14b A schematic diagram of the second angle structure of the lamp housing of the second spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] Figure 14c This is a schematic structural diagram of the lamp housing of the second spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application from a third angle.

[0064] Description of reference numerals:

[0065] Spectrometer 1;

[0066] Light-incoming component 100; light-emitting device 110; light-incoming housing 120; light-incoming component light-emitting hole 121; positioning opening 122; light-guiding component 130; spherical converging reflector 200; spherical converging reflector mounting base 210; mounting base positioning column 211; mounting base positioning hole 212; concave reflective grating 300; sensor element 400; filter component 500;

[0067] Lamp housing 600; lamp housing light exit hole 610; light incident component mounting hole 620; spherical converging reflector mounting opening 630; lamp housing positioning hole 631; light source mounting hole 640; first spherical converging reflector mounting opening 650; lamp housing light entrance hole 660; positioning post 670; lamp housing opening 680; lamp housing opening plate 690;

[0068] Spectral detection housing 700; light entrance hole 710; bottom plate 720; lamp housing mounting portion 721; lamp housing positioning column 722; enclosure 730; cover plate 740; concave reflection grating mounting seat 750; sensor support column 760; collimating reflector mounting seat 770; second spherical converging reflector mounting seat 780; detection element support column 790; plane reflection grating mounting seat 800;

[0069] Light source 10; light source housing 11; light source light exit hole 111; first spherical converging reflector 20; first spherical converging reflector mounting seat 21; collimating reflector 30; plane reflection grating 40; second spherical converging reflector 50; detection element 60; converging reflector 70; reflection grating 80. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0071] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the optical path system of the prior art; Figure 1 As shown, in the related art, the optical path system of the spectrometer 1 includes: a light incident component 100, a converging reflector 70, a reflection grating 80 and a sensor element 400; the light incident component 100, the converging reflector 70, the reflection grating 80, and the sensor element 400 are arranged in the same plane;

[0072] Among them, the light input component 100 is configured to emit a multi-wavelength or wide-spectrum light beam to be measured, and introduce the light beam to be measured into the spectrometer 1; the converging reflector 70 receives the light beam to be measured from the light input component 100 and reflects it in a converging manner, so that the light beam to be measured is reflected to the reflection grating 80; the reflection grating 80 receives the light beam to be measured converged from the converging reflector 70, and based on the principle of multi-slit interference, disperses the light beam to be measured into multiple light beams according to wavelength; the sensor element 400 receives multiple light beams and forms electrical signals for subsequent data analysis.

[0073] According to commonly used optical design solutions, a common optical path arrangement is to arrange the light incident component 100, the converging reflector 70, the reflective grating 80 and the sensor element 400 in the same plane, that is, the optical centers of the above components are on the same plane.

[0074] However, there is a problem with such a design, that is, the actual object points of the converging reflector 70 and the reflecting grating 80 are not on their respective optical axes, so that the light rays emitted by the light-input component 100 in different planes will be deflected at different angles after being refracted by the reflector, so such an off-axis reflected light path will introduce astigmatism.

[0075] Astigmatism refers to an optical aberration that prevents a point object from forming a single image on the focal plane after passing through an optical system. Instead, it forms a long, strip-shaped spot. The problem caused by astigmatism is that when the lateral resolution of the spot is optimal, the spot is a long strip, rather than the ideal circular shape.

[0076] That is to say, in a spectral detection system using a grating as a spectroscopic element, due to the characteristics of the off-axis reflection light path, the light path must have a certain amount of astigmatism. That is, when the lateral resolution of the light spot reaches the best, the light spot is an elongated strip, rather than an ideal circle.

[0077] Furthermore, the light incident component 100, the converging reflector 70, the reflective grating 80, and the sensor element 400 are arranged in the same plane, so the deflection angles of the converging reflector 70 and the reflective grating 80 are also located in the same plane. The converging reflector 70 and the reflective grating 80 will cause astigmatism of the same sign, thereby causing the astigmatism to continue to increase.

[0078] Since the height of the long strip of light formed by astigmatism is much greater than the longitudinal height of the detector's sensitive surface, a considerable portion of the light is irradiated into the non-photosensitive area and cannot form an effective signal, resulting in a decrease in the spectrometer's response ability and an increase in stray light.

[0079] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the principle of astigmatism formation; Figure 2 As shown in the figure, when the object point P0 is on the central axis of rotation of the lens, a plane parallel to the principal ray is constructed from the object point P0, for example, a horizontal plane. Another plane parallel to the principal ray but perpendicular to the aforementioned plane is constructed from the object point P0, for example, a vertical plane. The interface line between the horizontal plane and the lens is L1; the interface line between the vertical plane and the lens is L2. Due to the characteristics of a spherical lens, L1 and L2 are rotationally symmetric about the optical axis and the principal ray. This rotational symmetry ensures that the light rays on the two planes are generally deflected by the same angle when passing through the lens, ultimately converging at the same point P0'. In this case, for object points on the optical axis, the lens's imaging does not exhibit astigmatism.

[0080] like Figure 2As shown, for an object point P that is not on the optical axis, refer to the above process and make a surface parallel to the principal ray, with the interface line with the lens being L1'; from the off-axis object point P, make another surface parallel to the principal ray, but perpendicular to the above-mentioned surface M1, with the interface line between M2 and the lens being L2'. At this point, it can be seen that L1' and L2' are no longer symmetrical along the principal ray. The light on the M1 surface converges on point P' after being refracted by the lens, while the light on the M2 surface does not converge on point P' after being refracted by the lens. This means that the light within the two surfaces M1 and M2 is refracted to different degrees by the lens as a whole, deflected at different angles, ultimately leading to astigmatism and forming a long strip of light spot.

[0081] As for the reflector, it can be regarded as a special lens, so the above analysis can also be applied to the off-axis spherical reflection light path.

[0082] Furthermore, the focus of the light in the plane where L1' is located is defined as the sagittal image point S, and its image distance is recorded as l s The focus of the light in the plane where L2' is located is defined as the meridian image point T, and its image distance is recorded as l t .

[0083] For the off-axis reflective optical path in the related art, the rotation directions of all off-axis reflective elements are in the same plane, and the astigmatism "l t -l s " has a fixed sign, for example, all positive or all negative. This is because when multiple reflective elements are deflected in the horizontal plane, each reflective element causes astigmatism of the same sign, all positive, resulting in a continuous increase in astigmatism. Correspondingly, when multiple reflective elements are deflected in the vertical plane, each reflective element causes astigmatism of the same sign, all negative, resulting in a continuous increase in astigmatism. The chief rays of all elements in this optical path are in the same plane, so it can be called a planar optical path.

[0084] Based on the above analysis, a planar optical path, that is, an optical path in which the principal rays of all elements of the optical path are in one plane, will produce astigmatism that is difficult to eliminate.

[0085] The light incident component 100, the converging reflector 70, the reflective grating 80, and the sensor element 400 are arranged in the same plane, so the deflection angles of the converging reflector 70 and the reflective grating 80 are also located in the same plane. The converging reflector 70 and the reflective grating 80 will cause astigmatism of the same sign, thereby causing the astigmatism to continue to increase.

[0086] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application provide two optical path systems and spectrometers, which are described in detail below:

[0087] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first optical path system provided in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present application proposes an optical path system for a spectrometer 1, comprising: a light incident component 100, a spherical converging reflector 200, a concave reflection grating 300 and a sensor element 400; the light incident component 100 is used to emit a light beam to be measured; the spherical converging reflector 200 is used to receive and reflect the light beam to be measured emitted by the light incident component 100; the concave reflection grating 300 is used to disperse the light beam to be measured reflected by the spherical converging reflector 200 into multiple light beams according to wavelength, and the incident angle of the concave reflection grating 300 and the incident angle of the spherical converging reflector 200 are located in different planes, so that the spherical converging reflector 200 and the concave reflection grating 300 generate dispersions of opposite signs, which cancel each other out; the sensor element 400 is used to receive multiple light beams and form electrical signals.

[0088] In this embodiment, the incident angle of the concave reflection grating 300 and the incident angle of the spherical converging reflector 200 are located in different planes, so that the spherical converging reflector 200 and the concave reflection grating 300 produce dispersions with opposite signs. The astigmatisms with opposite signs cancel each other out, and the light spot irradiated on the sensor element 400 can form a relatively ideal circle, so that the light spot matches the sensitive surface of the detector, so that most of the light is irradiated into the photosensitive area, forming an effective signal, thereby reducing stray light and improving the response capability of the spectrometer.

[0089] Specifically, the meridional image point of an off-axis spherical converging reflective element is used as the object of another off-axis spherical converging reflective element, and the sagittal image plane of the other off-axis spherical converging reflective element is selected as the surface to be detected; or the sagittal image point of an off-axis spherical converging reflective element is used as the object of another off-axis spherical converging reflective element, and the meridional image plane of the other off-axis spherical converging reflective element is selected as the surface to be detected, which can generate astigmatism with opposite signs, thereby eliminating astigmatism. This optical path can be called a non-coplanar optical path.

[0090] That is to say, the meridional image point of the spherical converging reflector 200 serves as the object of the concave reflection grating 300, and the sagittal image plane of the concave reflection grating 300 serves as the surface to be detected; or, the sagittal image point of the spherical converging reflector 200 serves as the object of the concave reflection grating 300, and the meridional image plane of the concave reflection grating 300 serves as the surface to be detected, thereby generating astigmatism with opposite signs, thereby eliminating astigmatism.

[0091] Specifically, the incident angle of the concave reflection grating 300 and the incident angle of the spherical converging reflector 200 are in the range of 5 to 40 degrees.

[0092] The angle between the plane where the incident angle of the concave reflection grating 300 lies and the plane where the incident angle of the spherical converging reflector 200 lies is in a range of 45 to 135 degrees.

[0093] In some embodiments, the incident angle of the concave reflection grating 300 and the incident angle of the spherical converging reflector 200 are located on two different orthogonal planes.

[0094] Specifically, the incident angle of the concave reflection grating 300 and the incident angle of the spherical converging reflector 200 are located on two different orthogonal planes, and the angle between the two orthogonal planes is 90 degrees.

[0095] In addition, concave reflection gratings can use holographic concave gratings. When designing and manufacturing the master of some holographic concave gratings, in order to improve the performance of a specific wavelength, the astigmatism of this wavelength will be targeted and corrected, and then the gratings will be reproduced in batches. However, different application scenarios focus on different wavelengths. If the grating is targeted and corrected for each application scenario when manufacturing the grating master, the cost of the grating will increase significantly. Using a non-coplanar optical path to adjust the astigmatism of the holographic concave grating optical path helps make the grating more versatile, thereby increasing the flexibility of the optical path design and significantly reducing the cost of the instrument.

[0096] like Figure 1 As shown, the optical path system also includes: a filter component 500; the filter component 500 is arranged at the focus of the spherical converging reflector 200; the filter component 500 is a slit, which is used to adjust the size and shape of the light spot formed at the focus of the spherical converging reflector 200 after the light beam to be measured is reflected by the spherical converging reflector 200, or to change the intensity of the light spot.

[0097] That is, the light beam to be measured reflected by the spherical converging reflector 200 converges on the filter component 500 to adjust the size and shape of the light spot of the light beam to be measured, or absorbs the light beam to be measured to change the intensity of the light beam to be measured.

[0098] In some embodiments, the light-entering component 100 is disposed at twice the focal length of the spherical converging reflector 200. For example, the focal length of the spherical converging reflector 200 can be selected as 25 mm, and the object distance of the light-entering component 100 is 50 mm. The off-axis incident angle of the light-entering component 100 relative to the spherical converging reflector 200 can be selected as 14°, and the plane where this incident angle is located is defined as the first plane. The meridional image distance and sagittal image distance of the spherical converging reflector 200 are respectively and , astigmatism is Place the filter component 500 at the meridian image distance of the spherical converging reflector 200. The filter component 500 is used as the object point of the concave reflection grating 300, and the filter component 500 is also placed at twice the focal length of the concave reflection grating 300, such as 50mm. Furthermore, the off-axis incident angle of the concave reflection grating 300 is set to 14°, and the meridional image distance and sagittal image distance of the concave reflection grating 300 are respectively and , astigmatism is .

[0099] Furthermore, if the plane where the off-axis incident angle of the concave reflection grating 300 lies is set as a second plane orthogonal to the first plane, then the meridian plane of the spherical converging reflector 200 is actually a sagittal plane for the concave reflection grating 300. At the same time, the sagittal plane of the spherical converging reflector 200 is actually a meridian plane for the concave reflection grating 300. Therefore, from the perspective of the spherical converging reflector 200, the astigmatism of the spherical converging reflector 200 is , and the astigmatism of the concave reflection grating 300 is , so the sensing element 400 is placed at the sagittal image distance of the concave reflection grating 300 At, it can achieve overall astigmatism . Finally, the purpose of eliminating astigmatism is achieved.

[0100] In some embodiments, the filter component 500 may be placed at the sagittal image distance of the spherical converging reflector 200, while the sensor element 400 may be placed at the meridional image distance of the concave reflection grating 300, which can also achieve the purpose of eliminating astigmatism.

[0101] See also Figure 4 , Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the imaging effect of the coplanar light path shown in FIG; Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the black ruler indicates the reference size of the light spot, such as 10000.00 μm. Under the planar light path, the size of the light spot is on the order of 2 to 5 mm.

[0102] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the imaging effect of the non-coplanar light path of the first light path system provided in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 As shown, the black ruler represents the reference size of the light spot, such as 500.00 μm. When the incident angle of the concave reflection grating 300 and the incident angle of the spherical converging reflector 200 are located in different planes, that is, when a non-coplanar optical path is used, the size of the light spot is less than 0.5 mm.

[0103] contrast Figure 4 and Figure 5Compared with the prior art in which the light incident component 100, the converging reflector 70, the reflection grating 80, and the sensor element 400 are arranged in the same plane, the deflection angles of the converging reflector 70 and the reflection grating 80 are also located in the same plane; in the present application, the incident angle of the concave reflection grating 300 and the incident angle of the spherical converging reflector 200 are set in different planes, and the light spot can form a relatively ideal circle, so that the light spot matches the sensitive surface of the detector, so that most of the light is irradiated into the photosensitive area to form an effective signal, thereby reducing stray light and improving the response capability of the spectrometer.

[0104] In some embodiments, the filter component 500 is removed without changing the positional relationship of other components, and the main function of eliminating astigmatism is not affected.

[0105] In some embodiments, the positional relationship, curvature radius (or focal length), and deflection angle of the aforementioned elements can be adjusted, or other optical elements including off-axis spherical reflectors can be added, based on the purpose of eliminating other aberrations or changing other optical path properties. However, the design that the deflection angles of the two spherical converging reflectors are not in the same plane remains unchanged, that is, the design that the deflection angles of the spherical converging reflector 200 and the concave reflection grating 300 are not in the same plane remains unchanged; and the design that the filter component 500 and the sensor element 400 are respectively placed near the sagittal image point and the meridional image point of their respective off-axis spherical focusing reflectors remains unchanged. In this way, the purpose of eliminating astigmatism can also be achieved.

[0106] The embodiment of the present application uses a concave reflection grating 300 and a spherical converging reflector 200. The spherical converging reflector 200 receives the light beam to be measured emitted by the light input component 100, reflects the light beam to be measured, and converges it at a point to form a significantly divergent light beam. Because the concave reflection grating 300 receives significantly divergent light, the significantly divergent light beam can be irradiated onto the concave reflection grating 300, and then converged by the concave reflection grating 300 to irradiate the sensor element. If the grating uses a planar reflection grating, the planar reflection grating receives the significantly divergent light beam and, after reflection, still reflects a divergent light beam instead of converging the light beam. Additional converging elements are required to process the light, resulting in a further increase in optical aberrations.

[0107] See also Figures 6a to 6e , Figure 6a A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the first spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6b A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the first spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application from another angle (the cover plate and lamp housing are not shown); Figure 6c An exploded view from a first angle of the first spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6d A second angle exploded view of the first spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6eAn exploded view from a third angle of the first spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0108] like Figures 6a to 6e As shown, an embodiment of the present application also provides a spectrometer 1, comprising an optical path system in any of the above embodiments; and a lamp house shell 600 and a spectrum detection shell 700; the lamp house shell 600 is detachably connected to the spectrum detection shell 700; wherein, the light input component 100 and the spherical converging reflector 200 of the optical path system are arranged in the lamp house shell 600; the concave reflection grating 300 and the sensor element 400 are arranged in the spectrum detection shell 700; a lamp house light exit hole 610 is provided on the lamp house shell 600; a light entrance hole 710 is provided on the spectrum detection shell 700; the lamp house light exit hole 610 corresponds to the light entrance hole 710 in position, so that the light beam to be measured emitted by the light input component 100 in the lamp house shell 600 is reflected by the spherical converging reflector 200 and is incident on the concave reflection grating 300 in the spectrum detection shell 700.

[0109] In this embodiment, the spectrometer 1 includes the optical path system of any of the above embodiments. The incident angle of the concave reflection grating 300 and the incident angle of the spherical converging reflector 200 are located in different planes, so that the spherical converging reflector 200 and the concave reflection grating 300 produce dispersions with opposite signs. The astigmatisms with opposite signs cancel each other out, and the light spot irradiated onto the sensor element 400 can form a relatively ideal circle, so that the light spot matches the sensitive surface of the detector, so that most of the light is irradiated into the photosensitive area to form an effective signal, thereby reducing stray light and improving the response capability of the spectrometer.

[0110] The light input component 100 and the spherical converging reflector 200 are arranged in the lamp chamber shell 600. The lamp chamber shell 600 is detachably connected to the spectrum detection shell 700. The light input component 100 in the lamp chamber shell 600 can be replaced by replacing the lamp chamber shell 600 to detect different light beams to be measured.

[0111] In some embodiments, the spectrometer 1 further includes a filter component (not shown), which is disposed within the lamp housing 600 and located at the focal point of the spherical converging reflector 200. The filter component can be a small, slit-shaped component that can adjust optical resolution and change the amount of light passing through.

[0112] like Figure 6a and Figure 6dAs shown, the spectrum detection housing 700 includes: a base plate 720, a surrounding plate 730 and a cover plate 740; a lamp housing mounting portion 721 is provided on the base plate 720; the surrounding plate 730 is provided on the base plate 720, enclosing the position of the lamp housing mounting portion 721, and cooperates with the base plate 720 and the cover plate 740 to form an accommodating space; the concave reflection grating 300 and the sensor element 400 are provided in the accommodating space; the lamp housing 600 is installed on the lamp housing mounting portion 721 on the base plate 720.

[0113] In this embodiment, the concave reflection grating 300 and the sensor element 400 are arranged in the accommodating space, and the lamp chamber shell 600 is installed on the lamp chamber shell mounting portion 721 on the base plate 720. The light input component 100 in the lamp chamber shell 600 can be replaced by replacing the lamp chamber shell 600 to detect different light beams to be measured.

[0114] Specifically, the detection wavelength range of a spectrometer can widely cover ultraviolet light, visible light and infrared light, but in the spectrometer, the astigmatism of different wavelengths is different, that is, the astigmatism can only be corrected within a specific wavelength range through astigmatism correction. However, some application scenarios emphasize the performance of ultraviolet light, some application scenarios emphasize the performance of visible light, and some application scenarios emphasize the range of infrared light. Therefore, by replacing the design of different lamp chambers, the same spectrometer can be used to achieve optimal performance detection in different application scenarios. Specifically, different lamp chambers can be different lamps, or the distance and angle relationship between the light input component 100, the spherical converging reflector 200 and the lamp chamber light outlet 610 can be different.

[0115] Specifically, the lamp housing 600 is mounted on the lamp housing mounting portion 721 on the bottom plate 720 by screws.

[0116] See also Figure 6d 、 Figure 7a and Figure 7b , Figure 7a A schematic structural diagram of a light input component of a first type of spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7b A cross-sectional view of the light incident component of the first spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6c 、 Figure 7a and Figure 7b As shown, the light incident component 100 includes: a light emitting device 110 and a light incident shell 120; the lamp chamber shell 600 is provided with a light incident component mounting hole 620, and the light incident shell 120 is installed in the lamp chamber shell 600 through the light incident component mounting hole 620; the light emitting device 110 is installed in the light incident shell 120, the light incident shell 120 is provided with a light incident component light outlet hole 121, and the lamp chamber shell 600 is provided with a lamp chamber shell light entrance hole 660, so that the light beam to be measured emitted by the light emitting device 110 is irradiated to the spherical converging reflector.

[0117] In this embodiment, the light emitting device 110 emits a light beam to be measured, which is irradiated to the spherical converging reflector 200 through the light exit hole 121 of the light incident component, so that the light beam to be measured emitted by the light emitting device 110 is reflected by the spherical converging reflector 200 .

[0118] Specifically, the light input shell 120 is installed on the light input component mounting hole 620 of the lamp chamber shell 600 by screws, and a positioning column 670 is provided on the side of the lamp chamber shell 600 close to the light input component mounting hole 620, and a positioning opening 122 is provided at the position of the light input shell 120 corresponding to the positioning column 670; when the light input shell 120 is installed in the light input component mounting hole 620, the positioning opening 122 of the light input shell 120 is first matched with the positioning column 670 of the lamp chamber shell 600 to position the light input shell 120; so that the light emitting device 110 of the light input shell 120 is aligned with the light output hole 121 of the light input component, so that the light beam to be measured emitted by the light emitting device 110 is emitted obliquely downward and irradiated to the spherical converging reflector 200 through the light output hole 121 of the light input component; and then the light input shell 120 is fixed to the light input component mounting hole 620 of the lamp chamber shell 600 by screws.

[0119] In some embodiments, the spectrometer 1 is a liquid chromatograph detector assembly, a flow cell is provided in the light incident housing 120 , a liquid to be tested is provided in the flow cell, the light beam emitted by the light emitting device 110 irradiates the liquid to be tested, and the liquid to be tested absorbs light of some wavelengths.

[0120] In this embodiment, when the spectrometer 1 is a liquid chromatograph detector assembly, since a circulation pool is provided in the light incident shell 120, and a liquid to be measured is provided in the circulation pool, after the light beam emitted by the light-emitting device irradiates the liquid to be measured, the light beam to be measured irradiated out of the light incident shell 120 is the light beam to be measured after a portion of its wavelength has been absorbed by the liquid to be measured. The intensity of the light beam to be measured after a portion of its wavelength has been absorbed by the liquid to be measured is weakened, and the light beam to be measured is irradiated onto the sensing element 400 to analyze the concentration of the liquid to be measured.

[0121] That is, the light exiting component of the flow cell serves as the light entering component 100 of this embodiment. The flow cell is the place where the sample to be measured absorbs the light signal, and enables the subsequent optical path to measure the absorption signal related to the wavelength.

[0122] In some embodiments, in some application examples in the field of liquid chromatography detector components, the concentration of the type of liquid to be tested can be measured by allowing the liquid to absorb light signals of some wavelengths through a circulation cell. The circulation cell can be placed at the filter component or the sensor element, so as not to significantly affect the properties of the optical path.

[0123] Advantageously, due to the advantage of eliminating astigmatism through a non-coplanar optical path, the light spot can be focused very small, allowing a small cell volume to receive as much light as possible, thereby improving measurement sensitivity and many other indicators. Cell volume refers to the volume where the optical path and the liquid flow path overlap. Typical cell volumes are 5μL or 10μL, or a cylinder with a diameter of 1mm and a length of 10mm, or a conical flow path (optical path) of similar volume, or other shapes.

[0124] In some embodiments, the spectrometer 1 is a liquid chromatograph detector assembly. A flow cell is provided in the path where the concave reflection grating 300 reflects the light beam to be measured to the sensing element 400. The liquid to be measured is provided in the flow cell. The light beam emitted by the light emitting device 110 irradiates the liquid to be measured, and the liquid to be measured absorbs light of some wavelengths.

[0125] That is, a flow cell is placed between the concave reflection grating 300 and the sensor element 400 and close to the sensor element 400. The flow cell is where the sample to be tested absorbs the light signal, and enables the sensor element 400 to measure the wavelength-related absorption signal.

[0126] In some embodiments, the spectrometer 1 is a liquid chromatograph detector assembly. The light beam to be measured is reflected by the spherical converging reflector 200 and converges at a focus. A circulation pool is set at the focus, and a liquid to be measured is set in the circulation pool. The light beam emitted by the light emitting device 110 irradiates the liquid to be measured, and the liquid to be measured absorbs light of some wavelengths.

[0127] Specifically, when the flow cell is located at the focus of the spherical converging reflector 200, the filter component can be the flow cell; that is, the filter component is a component with a certain volume that absorbs light, such as the flow cell component in the liquid chromatograph detector component.

[0128] Of course, the filter component can also be a combination of optical elements such as a flow cell assembly, a slit, a reflector, or a lens. However, the filter component cannot include optical waveguide devices such as optical fibers, because optical fibers do not have the function of transmitting imaging properties. In other words, the astigmatism of the aforementioned optical path cannot be preserved in the optical fiber, and therefore cannot produce the effect of eliminating astigmatism in the subsequent optical path.

[0129] In some embodiments, the light incident component 100 may be a light source, such as an active light-emitting component such as a deuterium lamp, a xenon lamp, a tungsten lamp, or an LED, where active means that the light can be emitted by the component itself by methods such as supplying electricity.

[0130] In some embodiments, as Figure 7a and Figure 7b As shown, the light incident component 100 includes: a light guide device 130 and a light incident housing 120. Figure 6d and Figure 6eAs shown, the lamp chamber shell 600 is provided with a light incident component mounting hole 620, and the light incident shell 120 is installed in the lamp chamber shell 600 through the light incident component mounting hole 620; the light guide device 130 is installed in the light incident shell 120; the light incident shell 120 includes: a light guide hole and a light incident component light exit hole 121; the lamp chamber shell 600 is provided with a lamp chamber shell light incident hole 660; the light beam to be measured is introduced into the light guide device 130 through the light guide hole, and the light guide device 130 irradiates the light beam to be measured through the light incident component light exit hole 121 and the lamp chamber shell light incident hole 660 to the spherical converging reflector 200.

[0131] Specifically, the light input component 100 can be a passive light-emitting component such as an optical fiber, a liquid core waveguide, etc. that carries the information to be measured, where passive means that it does not emit light itself but only plays the role of transmitting light.

[0132] See also Figure 6d and Figures 8a to 8c , Figure 8a A schematic diagram of the first angle structure of the lamp housing of the first spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8b A schematic diagram of the second angle structure of the lamp housing of the first spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8c A schematic diagram of the structure of the lamp housing of the first spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application from a third angle;

[0133] like Figure 6e and Figures 8a to 8c As shown, a receiving space is provided inside the lamp housing 600, and a spherical converging reflector mounting opening 630 is provided at the bottom of the lamp housing 600, and the spherical converging reflector mounting opening 630 is communicated with the receiving space; a vertically mounted concave reflection grating mounting seat 750 and a sensor support column 760 are provided at the bottom of the spectrum detection housing 700, and the sensor element 400 is horizontally mounted on the sensor support column 760; the spherical converging reflector 200 is vertically mounted on the spherical converging reflector mounting seat 750 at a first preset angle a with the bottom of the lamp housing 600 The seat 210, the spherical converging reflector mounting seat 210 is installed in the accommodating space through the spherical converging reflector mounting opening 630; the concave reflection grating 300 is mounted on the concave reflection grating mounting seat 750 perpendicular to the bottom of the spectrum detection housing 700, so that the incident angle of the concave reflection grating 300 and the incident angle of the spherical converging reflector 200 are not on the same plane; the first preset angle between the spherical converging reflector 200 and the bottom of the lamp chamber housing 600 is different from the vertical angle between the concave reflection grating 300 and the bottom of the spectrum detection housing 700.

[0134] In this embodiment, the first preset angle between the spherical converging reflector 200 and the bottom of the lamp housing 600 is different from the vertical angle between the concave reflection grating 300 and the bottom of the spectrum detection housing 700, that is, the concave reflection grating 300 is installed vertically to the bottom of the spectrum detection housing 700, while the spherical converging reflector 200 is not installed vertically to the bottom of the lamp housing 600; so that the incident angle of the concave reflection grating 300 and the incident angle of the spherical converging reflector 200 are not on the same plane, so that the spherical converging reflector 200 and the concave reflection grating 300 produce dispersions with opposite signs, and the astigmatisms with opposite signs cancel each other out, so that the light spot irradiated on the sensor element can form a relatively ideal circle, so that the light spot matches the sensitive surface of the detector, so that most of the light is irradiated into the photosensitive area to form an effective signal, thereby reducing stray light and improving the response capability of the spectrometer.

[0135] Specifically, if Figure 6c As shown, the angle a of the first preset angle ranges from 10 to 40 degrees.

[0136] like Figure 6a and Figure 6e As shown, the spherical converging reflector mounting base 210 includes a horizontal base and an inclined support. The spherical converging reflector 200 is set on the horizontal base and leans on the inclined support so that the spherical converging reflector 200 and the bottom of the lamp house shell 600 form a first preset angle.

[0137] like Figure 6e and Figure 8c As shown, a mounting seat positioning column 211 is provided on the horizontal base of the spherical converging reflector mounting seat 210, and a mounting seat positioning hole 212 is provided at the bottom of the lamp chamber shell 600. When the spherical converging reflector mounting seat 210 is installed in the accommodating space through the spherical converging reflector mounting opening 630, the mounting seat positioning column 211 and the mounting seat positioning hole 212 cooperate to position the spherical converging reflector mounting seat 210.

[0138] like Figure 6e and Figure 8c As shown, a lamp chamber shell positioning column 722 is provided on the lamp chamber shell mounting portion 721, and a lamp chamber shell positioning hole 631 is provided at the bottom of the lamp chamber shell 600. When the lamp chamber shell 600 is installed on the lamp chamber shell mounting portion 721, the lamp chamber shell positioning column 722 and the lamp chamber shell positioning hole 631 cooperate to position the lamp chamber shell 600, and can also prevent the lamp chamber shell 600 from moving horizontally relative to the lamp chamber shell mounting portion 721.

[0139] like Figure 6d and Figure 6eAs shown, a lamp chamber shell opening 680 is provided on the side of the lamp chamber shell 600 opposite to the light outlet hole 610 of the lamp chamber shell, and a lamp chamber shell opening plate 690 is provided on the lamp chamber shell opening 680. The lamp chamber shell opening plate 690 is installed on the lamp chamber shell opening 680 by screws and covers the lamp chamber shell opening 680.

[0140] In some embodiments, the spectrometer 1 has a controller (not shown in the figure), which is arranged outside the light incident shell 120 and the spectrum detection shell 700. The controller is electrically connected to the light incident component 100 and the sensor element 400, and is used to control the light incident component 100 to emit the light beam to be measured; and to receive the electrical signal emitted by the sensor element 400 and perform spectral analysis on the electrical signal.

[0141] The embodiment of the present application further provides another optical path system, which differs from the aforementioned optical path system in that the components constituting the optical path system are different, and the reflection path of the light beam to be measured is also different.

[0142] See also Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the second optical path system provided in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 9 As shown, the optical path system provided by the embodiment of the present application includes: a light source 10, a first spherical converging reflector 20, a collimating reflector 30, a plane reflection grating 40, a second spherical converging reflector 50 and a detection element 60; the light source 10 is used to emit a light beam to be measured; the first spherical converging reflector 20 is used to receive and convergently reflect the light beam to be measured emitted by the light source 10; the collimating reflector 30 is used to receive the light beam to be measured reflected by the first spherical converging reflector 20 and collimate the light beam to be measured into a parallel light beam; the plane reflection grating 40 is used to disperse the parallel light beam collimated by the collimating reflector 30 into multiple light beams according to wavelength; The second spherical converging reflector 50 is configured to receive and convergingly reflect the multiple light beams reflected by the planar reflective grating 40. The incident angle of the second spherical converging reflector 50 is located in a different plane than the incident angle of the first spherical converging reflector 20. The light source 10, the first spherical converging reflector 20, and the collimating reflector 30 are located in the same plane, while the collimating reflector 30, the planar reflective grating 40, the second spherical converging reflector 50, and the detector 60 are located in the same plane. The two planes are different planes. This allows the first spherical converging reflector 20 and the second spherical converging reflector 50 to produce dispersions of opposite signs, thereby canceling each other out. The detector 60 is configured to receive the multiple light beams and generate electrical signals.

[0143] In this embodiment, the incident angle of the second spherical converging reflector 50 and the incident angle of the first spherical converging reflector 20 are located in different planes, so that the second spherical converging reflector 50 and the first spherical converging reflector 20 produce dispersions with opposite signs, and the astigmatisms with opposite signs cancel each other out. The light spot irradiated on the detection element 60 can form a relatively ideal circle, so that the light spot matches the sensitive surface of the detector, so that most of the light is irradiated into the photosensitive area to form an effective signal, thereby reducing stray light and improving the response capability of the spectrometer.

[0144] Specifically, the incident angle of the second spherical converging reflector 50 and the incident angle of the first spherical converging reflector 20 are in the range of 5 to 40 degrees.

[0145] The angle between the plane where the light source 10, the first spherical converging reflector 20 and the collimating reflector 30 are located and the plane where the collimating reflector 30, the planar reflection grating 40, the second spherical converging reflector 50 and the detection element 60 are located is 45 to 135 degrees.

[0146] In some embodiments, the incident angle of the second spherical converging reflector 50 and the incident angle of the first spherical converging reflector 20 are located on two different orthogonal planes.

[0147] Specifically, the incident angle of the second spherical converging reflector 50 and the incident angle of the first spherical converging reflector 20 are located on two different orthogonal planes, and the angle between the two orthogonal planes is 90 degrees.

[0148] Specifically, the angle between the plane where the light source 10, the first spherical converging reflector 20 and the collimating reflector 30 are located and the plane where the collimating reflector 30, the planar reflection grating 40, the second spherical converging reflector 50 and the detection element 60 are located is 90 degrees.

[0149] In some embodiments, the optical path system also includes a filter component 500, which is arranged at the focus of the first spherical converging reflector 20; the light beam to be measured after being reflected by the first spherical converging reflector 20 converges on the filter component 500 to adjust the size and shape of the light spot of the light beam to be measured, or absorb the light beam to be measured to change the intensity of the light beam to be measured.

[0150] See also Figure 10a , Figure 10a is a schematic diagram of another coplanar light path; Figure 10aAs shown, in the related art, in the spectral optical path of a monochromator using a plane grating, the optical path system includes: a light source 10, a first spherical converging reflector 20, a filter component 500, a collimating reflector 30, a plane reflection grating 40, a second spherical converging reflector 50, and a detection element 60. All of the above optical components are arranged in the same plane. The filter component 500 is positioned at the image point of the light source 10 passing through the first spherical converging reflector 20, and the distance between the collimating reflector 30 and the filter component 500 is equal to the focal length of the collimating reflector 30, thereby ensuring that the light emitted through the collimating reflector 30 is substantially collimated. The planar reflection grating 40 is positioned in the optical path of the collimated light. The distance between the planar reflection grating 40 and the collimating reflector 30 can be comparable to the focal length f1 of the collimating reflector 30 or the first spherical converging reflector 20, and can be less than, equal to, or greater than the focal length f1, for example, the distance can be in the range of [0.1f1, 5f1]. The distance between the planar reflection grating 40 and the second spherical converging reflector 50 can be comparable to the focal length f2 of the second spherical converging reflector 50, for example, the distance can be in the range of [0.1f2, 5f2]. The detection element 60 is positioned near the image point of the second spherical converging reflector 50. The off-axis incident angle of the off-axis reflective element in the related art does not need to be specifically limited.

[0151] If all the aforementioned optical elements are arranged in the same plane, as in the related art, the same problem of continuous astigmatism will occur, causing the light spot to converge only on a single image plane at the meridional or sagittal image point. When the light spot width, or spectral resolution, meets the requirements, the light spot height is often too high, which is not conducive to fully receiving the light spot energy.

[0152] See also Figure 10b , Figure 10b for Figure 10a Schematic diagram of the imaging effect of the coplanar light path shown in FIG; Figure 10b As shown in the figure, the black scale represents a 5000.00μm reference scale, and the gray grid width is 500μm. 200nm, 300nm, and 400mm represent light sources of different wavelengths. If the detector is placed between the meridional and sagittal image planes, that is, at the midpoint, although the spot height is reduced, the spectral resolution does not meet the requirements and is not practically usable.

[0153] In this embodiment, the light source 10, the first spherical converging reflector 20, and the collimating reflector 30 are arranged in the same horizontal plane, and the collimating reflector 30, the plane reflection grating 40, the second spherical converging reflector 50 and the detection element 60 are arranged in another horizontal plane. The optical path designed in this way can produce two astigmatisms of opposite signs, thereby alleviating the problem of separation between the meridional image plane and the sagittal image plane.

[0154] Based on the optical path in the related art, only the plane where the light source, spherical converging reflector and collimating reflector are located is changed to Figure 9 As shown in FIG, without changing other optical path designs, such as the curvature radius of the reflecting surface, the reflection angle, the element distance, etc., light spots of different wavelengths are obtained on the focal plane.

[0155] See also Figure 11 , Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the imaging effect of the second optical path system provided in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 11 As shown, the black ruler represents the reference ruler of 200.00μm, and the width of the gray grid is 20μm. 200nm, 300nm and 400nm represent light sources of different wavelengths. You can see that the light spot is Figure 10b The spot size is significantly smaller than 0.2 mm, and can be detected using a common photodiode.

[0156] Traditional optical path design is usually based on a default planar optical path design, and the optical path is optimized by adjusting the distance, curvature radius, and surface shape of the components. Based on the above analysis, simply adjusting the distance and curvature radius of the components cannot in principle reduce astigmatism and reduce the spot size. Therefore, astigmatism can only be eliminated by changing the surface shape of the components or similar means, which usually requires customizing non-standard components, resulting in high costs and longer construction times. Alternatively, components such as cylindrical lenses can be added, which also results in more components leading to problems such as increased costs and increased stray light. For optical systems with a wide operating wavelength range, the dispersion introduced by cylindrical lenses can also cause system performance to degrade, and it is difficult to eliminate dispersion in both the meridional and sagittal planes.

[0157] By using a non-coplanar optical path, even if some of the off-axis reflected focusing light paths are on different planes, they produce astigmatism with opposite signs. This makes it possible to adjust the distance and curvature radius of the components to optimize the astigmatism, avoiding the high cost and longer construction time associated with customizing non-standard components.

[0158] In some embodiments, the focal length of the first spherical converging reflector 20 is The distance between the first spherical converging reflector 20 and the light source 10 is twice the focal length The off-axis incident angle of the light source 10 relative to the first spherical converging reflector 20 is 20°, and the light source 10 is located on plane A. The meridional image distance of the image is , the sagittal image distance is The filter component 500 is placed at the meridian image point of the light source 10 passing through the first spherical converging reflector 20. The distance between the collimating mirror 30 and the filter portion 500 is equal to the focal length of the collimating mirror 30 , so that the light emitted through the collimating reflector 30 is substantially collimated light. The plane reflection grating 40 is placed in the optical path of the collimated light. The filter component 500 has an off-axis incident angle of 14° relative to the first spherical converging reflector 20 and is located on plane B. The distance between the plane reflection grating 40 and the collimating reflector 30 can be comparable to the focal length f of the collimating reflector 30 or the second spherical converging reflector, for example, the distance can be in the range of [50 mm, 200 mm], preferably 100 mm. The distance between the plane reflection grating 40 and the second spherical converging reflector 50 can be comparable to the focal length f of the second spherical reflector 50, for example, the distance can be in the range of [50 mm, 200 mm], preferably 100 mm. The deflection angle formed by the collimating reflector 30, the plane reflective grating 40 and the second spherical converging reflector 50 is 52°; the plane reflective grating 40 can have a line period of 100 to 2400 lines / mm, preferably 600 lines / mm; the detection element 60 is placed near the sagittal image point of the second spherical converging reflector 50. .

[0159] In some embodiments, without changing the positional relationship of other optical path components, the filter component 500 can be placed at the sagittal image point of the light source 10 passing through the first spherical converging reflector 20. The detection element 60 is placed at the meridian image point of the second spherical converging reflector 50. nearby.

[0160] In some embodiments, the positional relationship, curvature radius (or focal length), and deflection angle of the above-mentioned elements can be adjusted based on the purpose of eliminating other aberrations or changing other optical path properties, but the design that the deflection angles of the two spherical converging reflectors are not on the same plane is not changed; the purpose of eliminating astigmatism can also be achieved without changing the design that the filter component 500 and the detection element 60 are respectively placed near the sagittal and meridional image points of their respective off-axis spherical focusing reflectors.

[0161] See also Figures 12a to 12e , Figure 12a A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the second spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 12b A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the second spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application from another angle (the cover plate and lamp housing are not shown); Figure 12c An exploded view from a first angle of the second spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 12d A second angle exploded view of the second spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 12e An exploded view from a third angle of the second spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0162] like Figures 12a to 12eAs shown, the embodiment of the present application also provides another spectrometer 1, including the optical path system of any of the above embodiments; and, a lamp house shell 600 and a spectrum detection shell 700; the lamp house shell 600 is detachably connected to the spectrum detection shell 700; wherein, the light source 10 and the first spherical converging reflector 20 of the optical path system are arranged in the lamp house shell 600; the collimating reflector 30, the plane reflection grating 40, the second spherical converging reflector 50 and the detection element 60 are arranged in the spectrum detection shell 700; a lamp house light outlet hole 610 is provided on the lamp house shell 600; a light entrance hole 710 is provided on the spectrum detection shell 700; the lamp house light outlet hole 610 corresponds to the light entrance hole 710 in position, so that the light beam to be measured emitted by the light source 10 in the lamp house shell 600 is reflected by the first spherical converging reflector 20 and is incident on the collimating reflector 30 in the spectrum detection shell 700.

[0163] In this embodiment, the spectrometer 1 includes the optical path system of any of the above embodiments, the light source 10, the first spherical converging reflector 20 and the collimating reflector 30 are located in the same plane, the collimating reflector 30, the plane reflection grating 40, the second spherical converging reflector 50 and the detection element 60 are located in the same plane, and the two planes are different planes; the incident angle of the second spherical converging reflector 50 and the incident angle of the first spherical converging reflector 20 are located in different planes, so that the second spherical converging reflector 50 and the first spherical converging reflector 20 produce dispersions with opposite signs, and the astigmatisms with opposite signs cancel each other out, and the light spot irradiated on the detection element can form a relatively ideal circle, so that the light spot matches the sensitive surface of the detector, so that most of the light is irradiated into the photosensitive area to form an effective signal, thereby reducing stray light and improving the response capability of the spectrometer.

[0164] like Figure 12a and Figure 12d As shown, the spectral detection housing 700 includes: a base plate 720, a surrounding plate 730 and a cover plate 740; a lamp housing mounting portion 721 is provided on the base plate 720; the surrounding plate 730 is provided on the base plate 720, enclosing the position of the lamp housing mounting portion 721, and cooperates with the base plate 720 and the cover plate 740 to form an accommodating space, and the collimating reflector 30, the plane reflection grating 40, the second spherical converging reflector 50 and the detection element 60 are provided in the accommodating space; the lamp housing 600 is installed on the lamp housing mounting portion 721 on the base plate 720.

[0165] In this embodiment, the collimating reflector 30, the plane reflection grating 40, the second spherical converging reflector 50 and the detection element 60 are arranged in the accommodating space, and the lamp chamber shell 600 is installed on the lamp chamber shell mounting part 721 on the base plate 720. The light source 10 in the lamp chamber shell 600 can be replaced by replacing the lamp chamber shell 600 to detect different light beams to be measured.

[0166] Specifically, the detection wavelength range of a spectrometer can widely cover ultraviolet light, visible light and infrared light, but in a spectrometer, the astigmatism of different wavelengths is different, that is, the astigmatism can only be corrected within a specific wavelength range through astigmatism correction. However, some application scenarios emphasize the performance of ultraviolet light, some application scenarios emphasize the performance of visible light, and some application scenarios emphasize the range of infrared light. Therefore, by replacing the design of different lamp chambers, the same spectrometer can be used to achieve optimal performance detection in different application scenarios. Specifically, different lamp chambers can be different lamps, or the distance and angle relationship between the light source 10, the first spherical converging reflector 20 and the lamp chamber light outlet 610 can be different.

[0167] Specifically, the lamp housing 600 is mounted on the lamp housing mounting portion 721 on the bottom plate 720 by screws.

[0168] See also Figure 12d 、 Figure 13a and Figure 13b , Figure 13a A schematic diagram of the light source structure of the second spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 13b A cross-sectional view of a light source of the second spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0169] like Figure 12c 、 Figure 13a and Figure 13b As shown, the light source 10 includes: a light-emitting device 110 and a light source housing 11; the lamp chamber housing 600 is provided with a light source mounting hole 640, and the light source housing 11 is installed in the lamp chamber housing 600 through the light source mounting hole 640; the light-emitting device 110 is installed in the light source housing 11, the light source housing 11 is provided with a light source light exit hole 111, and the lamp chamber housing 600 is provided with a lamp chamber housing light entrance hole 660, so that the light beam to be measured emitted by the light-emitting device 110 is irradiated to the first spherical converging reflector 20.

[0170] In this embodiment, the light emitting device 110 emits a light beam to be measured, which is irradiated to the first spherical converging reflector 20 through the light source light exit hole 111 and the light entrance hole 660 of the lamp chamber shell, so that the light beam to be measured emitted by the light emitting device 110 is reflected by the first spherical converging reflector 20.

[0171] Specifically, the light source housing 11 is installed on the light source mounting hole 640 of the lamp chamber housing 600 by screws. A positioning column 670 is provided on the side of the lamp chamber housing 600 close to the light source mounting hole 640, and a positioning opening 122 is provided at the position corresponding to the positioning column 670 of the light source housing 11; when the light source housing 11 is installed in the light source mounting hole 640, the positioning opening 122 of the light source housing 11 is first matched with the positioning column 670 of the lamp chamber housing 600 to position the light source housing 11, so that the light-emitting device 110 of the light source housing 11 is aligned with the light source light output hole 111, so that the light-emitting device 110 emits the light beam to be measured obliquely downward, and irradiates the first spherical converging reflector 20 through the light source light output hole 111; then the light source housing 11 is fixed to the light source mounting hole 640 of the lamp chamber housing 600 by screws.

[0172] The light source 10 may be a lamp source, such as a deuterium lamp, a xenon lamp, a tungsten lamp, an LED or other active light-emitting components, where active means that the light can be emitted by the lamp itself by means of electricity or other methods.

[0173] In some embodiments, the spectrometer 1 is a liquid chromatograph detector assembly, a flow cell is provided in the light source housing 11 , a liquid to be tested is provided in the flow cell, a light beam emitted by the light emitting device 110 irradiates the liquid to be tested, and the liquid to be tested absorbs light of some wavelengths.

[0174] In this embodiment, when the spectrometer 1 is a liquid chromatograph detector assembly, since a circulation pool is provided in the light source housing 11, and a liquid to be measured is provided in the circulation pool, after the light beam emitted by the light emitting device 110 irradiates the liquid to be measured, the light beam to be measured that irradiates the light source housing 11 is the light beam to be measured after a portion of its wavelength has been absorbed by the liquid to be measured. The intensity of the light beam to be measured after a portion of its wavelength has been absorbed by the liquid to be measured is weakened, and the light beam to be measured is irradiated onto the detection element 60 to analyze the concentration of the liquid to be measured.

[0175] That is, the light-emitting component of the flow cell serves as the light-incoming component of this embodiment, that is, the light source. The flow cell is the place where the sample to be tested absorbs the light signal, and enables the subsequent optical path to measure this wavelength-related absorption signal.

[0176] The lamp housing 600 and the spectrum detection housing 700 are detachably connected, and the lamp housing 600 can be replaced to replace the liquid to be tested in the circulation pool in the lamp housing 600 to analyze the concentration of different liquids to be tested.

[0177] In some embodiments, in some application examples in the field of liquid chromatography detector components, the concentration of the type of liquid to be tested can be measured by allowing the liquid to absorb light signals of some wavelengths through a circulation pool. The circulation pool can be placed at the filter component or the detection element, so as not to significantly affect the properties of the optical path.

[0178] Advantageously, due to the advantage of eliminating astigmatism through a non-coplanar optical path, the light spot can be focused very small, allowing a small cell volume to receive as much light as possible, thereby improving measurement sensitivity and many other indicators. Cell volume refers to the volume where the optical path and the liquid flow path overlap. Typical cell volumes are 5μL or 10μL, or a cylinder with a diameter of 1mm and a length of 10mm, or a conical flow path (optical path) of similar volume, or other shapes.

[0179] In some embodiments, the spectrometer 1 is a liquid chromatograph detector assembly, in which the second spherical converging reflector 50 reflects the light beam to be measured into the path of the detection element 60, a flow cell is provided, in which the liquid to be measured is provided, and the light beam emitted by the light emitting device 110 irradiates the liquid to be measured, and the liquid to be measured absorbs light of some wavelengths.

[0180] That is to say, a flow cell is placed between the second spherical converging reflector 50 and the detection element 60 and close to the detection element 60. The flow cell is the place where the sample to be tested absorbs the light signal, and enables the detection element to measure this wavelength-related absorption signal.

[0181] In some embodiments, the spectrometer 1 further includes a filter component (not shown) disposed at the focus of the first spherical converging reflector. The filter component can be a small, slit-like component that adjusts optical resolution and changes the amount of light passing through.

[0182] The filter component can serve as a dividing point, dividing the optical path into the lamp chamber and the spectrometer. In this application, the two off-axis reflection angles of the spectrometer are set on the same plane, while one off-axis angle of the lamp chamber is set on a different plane. The advantage of this is that it is easy to utilize existing common spectrometer modules and combine them with different lamp chambers to form different liquid chromatography detection systems, thus forming a modular design and reusing existing spectrometer modules.

[0183] In some embodiments, the spectrometer 1 is a liquid chromatograph detector assembly. The light beam to be measured is reflected by the first spherical converging reflector 20 and converges at a focus. A circulation pool is set at the focus, and a liquid to be measured is set in the circulation pool. The light beam emitted by the light-emitting device 110 irradiates the liquid to be measured, and the liquid to be measured absorbs light of some wavelengths.

[0184] Specifically, when the flow cell is located at the focus of the first spherical converging reflector 20, the filter component can be a flow cell; that is, the filter component is a component with a certain volume that absorbs light, such as the flow cell component in the liquid chromatograph detector component.

[0185] Of course, the filter component can also be a combination of optical elements such as a flow cell assembly, a slit, a reflector, or a lens. However, the filter component cannot include optical waveguide devices such as optical fibers, because optical fibers do not have the function of transmitting imaging properties. In other words, the astigmatism of the aforementioned optical path cannot be preserved in the optical fiber, and therefore cannot produce the effect of eliminating astigmatism in the subsequent optical path.

[0186] In some embodiments, the light source 10 includes: a light guide device 130 and a light source housing 11, the lamp chamber housing 600 is provided with a light source mounting hole 640, and the light source 10 is installed in the lamp chamber housing 600 through the light source mounting hole 640; the light guide device 130 is installed in the light source housing 11; the light source housing 11 includes: a light guide hole and a light source light output hole 111; the lamp chamber housing 600 is provided with a lamp chamber housing light entrance hole 660; the light beam to be measured is introduced into the light guide device through the light guide hole, and the light guide device irradiates the light beam to be measured through the light source light output hole 111 and the lamp chamber housing light entrance hole 660 to the first spherical converging reflector 20.

[0187] Specifically, the light source 10 can be a passive light-emitting component such as an optical fiber, a liquid core waveguide, etc. that carries the information to be measured, where passive means that it does not emit light itself but only plays the role of transmitting light.

[0188] See also Figure 12e 、 Figures 14a to 14c , Figure 14a A schematic diagram of the first angle structure of the lamp housing of the second spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 14b A schematic diagram of the second angle structure of the lamp housing of the second spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 14c This is a schematic structural diagram of the lamp housing of the second spectrometer provided in an embodiment of the present application from a third angle.

[0189] like Figure 12e 、 Figures 14a to 14cAs shown, a receiving space is provided inside the lamp housing 600, and a first spherical converging reflector mounting opening 650 is provided at the bottom of the lamp housing 600, and the first spherical converging reflector mounting opening 650 is communicated with the receiving space; a collimating reflector mounting seat 770, a second spherical converging reflector mounting seat 780 and a detection element support column 790 are vertically provided at the bottom of the spectrum detection housing 700, and a plane reflection grating mounting seat 800 is horizontally provided; the first spherical converging reflector 20 is vertically mounted on the first spherical converging reflector mounting seat 21 at a second preset angle b with the bottom of the lamp housing 600, and the first spherical converging reflector mounting seat 21 is installed in the receiving space through the first spherical converging reflector mounting opening 650; the collimating reflector 20 is vertically mounted on the first spherical converging reflector mounting seat 21 at a second preset angle b with the bottom of the lamp housing 600, and the first spherical converging reflector mounting seat 21 is installed in the receiving space through the first spherical converging reflector mounting opening 650; The reflector 30 is vertically mounted on the collimating reflector mounting seat 770 with respect to the bottom of the spectrum detection housing 700, the plane reflection grating 40 is vertically mounted on the plane reflection grating mounting seat 800 with respect to the bottom of the spectrum detection housing 700, the second spherical converging reflector 50 is vertically mounted on the second spherical converging reflector mounting seat 780 with respect to the bottom of the spectrum detection housing 700, and the detection element 60 is horizontally mounted on the detection element support column 790; so that the incident angle of the second spherical converging reflector 50 and the incident angle of the first spherical converging reflector 20 are not on the same plane; the second preset angle between the first spherical converging reflector 20 and the bottom of the lamp chamber housing 600 is different from the vertical angle between the second spherical converging reflector 50 and the bottom of the spectrum detection housing 700.

[0190] In this embodiment, the second preset angle b between the first spherical converging reflector 20 and the bottom of the lamp house shell 600 is different from the vertical angle between the second spherical converging reflector 50 and the bottom of the spectrum detection shell 700, that is, the second spherical converging reflector 50 is installed vertically to the bottom of the spectrum detection shell 700, while the first spherical converging reflector 20 is not installed vertically to the bottom of the lamp house shell 600; the light source 10, the first spherical converging reflector 20 and the collimating reflector 30 are arranged in the same horizontal plane, and the collimating reflector 30, the plane reflection grating 40, the second spherical converging reflector 50 and the detection element 60 are arranged in another horizontal plane, so that the incident angle of the second spherical converging reflector 50 is not on the same plane as the incident angle of the first spherical converging reflector 20.

[0191] Specifically, if Figure 12c As shown, the range of the second preset angle b is 5 to 40 degrees.

[0192] like Figure 12a and Figure 12e As shown, the first spherical converging reflector mounting base 21 includes a horizontal base and an inclined support. The first spherical converging reflector 20 is set on the horizontal base and leans on the inclined support so that the first spherical converging reflector 20 and the bottom of the lamp chamber shell 600 form a second preset angle b.

[0193] like Figure 12e and Figure 14c As shown, a mounting seat positioning column 211 is provided on the horizontal base of the first spherical converging reflector mounting seat 21, and a mounting seat positioning hole 212 is provided at the bottom of the lamp chamber shell 600. When the first spherical converging reflector mounting seat 21 is installed in the accommodating space through the spherical first-surface converging reflector mounting opening 650, the mounting seat positioning column 211 and the mounting seat positioning hole 212 cooperate to position the first spherical converging reflector mounting seat 21.

[0194] like Figure 12e and Figure 14c As shown, a lamp chamber shell positioning column 722 is provided on the lamp chamber shell mounting portion 721, and a lamp chamber shell positioning hole 631 is provided at the bottom of the lamp chamber shell 600. When the lamp chamber shell 600 is installed on the lamp chamber shell mounting portion 721, the lamp chamber shell positioning column 722 and the lamp chamber shell positioning hole 631 cooperate to position the lamp chamber shell 600, and can also prevent the lamp chamber shell 600 from moving horizontally relative to the lamp chamber shell mounting portion 721.

[0195] like Figure 12d and Figure 12e As shown, a lamp chamber shell opening 680 is provided on the side of the lamp chamber shell 600 opposite to the light outlet hole 610 of the lamp chamber shell, and a lamp chamber shell opening plate 690 is provided on the lamp chamber shell opening 680. The lamp chamber shell opening plate 690 is installed on the lamp chamber shell opening 680 by screws and covers the lamp chamber shell opening 680.

[0196] In some embodiments, the CT chromatograph optical path includes: a CT monochromator optical path; in addition to the CT monochromator optical path, there is also a CT spectrometer type optical path.

[0197] The difference is that the CT monochromator optical path also includes a rotating motor, which is connected to the plane reflection grating mount 800. The rotating motor can be used to horizontally rotate the plane reflection grating mount 800, thereby rotating the plane reflection grating 40 on the plane reflection grating mount 800; thereby, the detection element 60 can use a single-point light detector such as a photodiode to measure a single wavelength light signal.

[0198] In the CT spectrometer optical path, the plane reflection grating mounting base 800 is fixed, thereby fixing the plane reflection grating 40, and using a linear array sensor element as a detection element, it is possible to detect spectral signals of multiple wavelengths in parallel.

[0199] In this CT spectrometer optical path, the aforementioned non-coplanar optical path can also be used to optimize astigmatism and reduce the spot size.

[0200] In some embodiments, in some application examples in the field of liquid chromatography detector components, due to the limitation of the circulation cell volume, the circulation cell is no longer suitable for placement at the detection element of the CT spectrometer type optical path, but can still be placed at the filtering component located at the focus of the first spherical converging reflector 20.

[0201] In some embodiments, the spectrometer has a controller, which is located outside the light source housing 11 and the spectrum detection housing 700. The controller is electrically connected to the light source 10 and the detection element 60, and is used to control the light source 10 to emit a light beam to be measured; and to receive the electrical signal emitted by the detection element 60 and perform spectral analysis based on the electrical signal.

[0202] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply the existence of any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0203] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a related manner. Similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to in conjunction with each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences between the other embodiments. In particular, the system embodiment is generally similar to the method embodiment, so the description is relatively simple. For related parts, refer to the description of the method embodiment.

[0204] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application are included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An optical path system, characterized in that: Used in a spectrometer (1), comprising: a light input component (100), a spherical converging reflector (200), a concave reflective grating (300), and a sensing element (400); The light incident component (100) is used to emit a light beam to be measured; The spherical converging reflector (200) is used to receive and reflect the light beam to be measured emitted by the light input component (100); the light input component (100) and the spherical converging reflector (200) form an off-axis reflection light path; The light beam to be measured emitted by the light incident component (100) is reflected by the spherical converging reflector (200) and then incident on the concave reflection grating (300); The concave reflection grating (300) and the spherical converging reflector (200) form a non-coplanar optical path; the concave reflection grating (300) is used to disperse the light beam to be measured reflected by the spherical converging reflector (200) into multiple light beams according to wavelength, and the plane where the incident angle of the concave reflection grating (300) is located is different from the plane where the incident angle of the spherical converging reflector (200) is located, so that the spherical converging reflector (200) and the concave reflection grating (300) generate astigmatism with opposite signs, which cancel each other out; The sensing element (400) is used to receive the multiple light beams and form electrical signals.

2. The optical path system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The incident angle of the concave reflection grating (300) and the incident angle of the spherical converging reflector (200) are located on two different orthogonal planes.

3. A spectrometer, characterized in that: Comprising the optical path system according to claim 1 or 2; and a lamp housing (600) and a spectrum detection housing (700); The lamp chamber housing (600) and the spectrum detection housing (700) are detachably connected; The light-entering component (100) and the spherical converging reflector (200) of the optical path system are arranged in the lamp housing (600); the concave reflection grating (300) and the sensor element (400) are arranged in the spectrum detection housing (700); The lamp housing (600) is provided with a lamp housing light exit hole (610); the spectrum detection housing (700) is provided with a light entrance hole (710); the lamp housing light exit hole (610) and the light entrance hole (710) are positioned correspondingly, so that the light beam to be measured emitted by the light entrance component (100) in the lamp housing (600) is reflected by the spherical converging reflector (200) and then incident on the concave reflection grating (300) in the spectrum detection housing (700).

4. The spectrometer according to claim 3, characterized in that The spectrum detection housing (700) comprises: a bottom plate (720), a surrounding plate (730) and a cover plate (740); A lamp housing mounting portion (721) is provided on the bottom plate (720); the enclosure plate (730) is provided on the bottom plate (720), enclosing the portion except the lamp housing mounting portion (721), and cooperating with the bottom plate (720) and the cover plate (740) to form a receiving space; the concave reflection grating (300) and the sensor element (400) are provided in the receiving space; The lamp housing (600) is mounted on a lamp housing mounting portion (721) on the bottom plate.

5. The spectrometer according to claim 4, characterized in that The light incident component (100) comprises: a light emitting device (110) and a light incident housing (120); The lamp housing (600) is provided with a light-incoming component mounting hole (620), and the light-incoming housing (120) is mounted in the lamp housing (600) through the light-incoming component mounting hole (620); The light emitting device (110) is installed in the light incident housing (120), the light incident housing (120) is provided with a light incident component light exit hole (121), and the lamp housing (600) is provided with a lamp housing light entrance hole (660), so that the light beam to be measured emitted by the light emitting device (110) is irradiated onto the spherical converging reflector (200); or, The light incident component (100) comprises: a light guide device (130) and a light incident housing (120). The lamp housing (600) is provided with a light-incoming component mounting hole (620), and the light-incoming housing (120) is mounted in the lamp housing (600) through the light-incoming component mounting hole (620); The light guide device (130) is installed in the light entrance housing (120); the light entrance housing (120) comprises a light guide hole and a light entrance component light exit hole (121); the lamp housing (600) is provided with a lamp housing light entrance hole (660); The light beam to be measured is guided into the light guide device (130) through the light guide hole, and the light guide device (130) irradiates the light beam to be measured through the light exit hole (121) of the light entry component and the light entry hole (660) of the lamp housing to the spherical converging reflector (200).

6. The spectrometer according to claim 3, characterized in that The lamp housing (600) is provided with an accommodation space inside, and a spherical converging reflector mounting opening (630) is provided at the bottom of the lamp housing (600), and the spherical converging reflector mounting opening (630) is communicated with the accommodation space; the bottom of the spectrum detection housing (700) is provided with a vertically mounted concave reflection grating mounting seat (750) and a sensor support column (760), and the sensor element (400) is horizontally mounted on the sensor support column (760); The spherical converging reflector (200) is vertically mounted on the spherical converging reflector mounting seat (210) at a first preset angle with the bottom of the lamp housing (600), and the spherical converging reflector mounting seat (210) is mounted in the accommodating space through the spherical converging reflector mounting opening (630); the concave reflection grating (300) is vertically mounted on the concave reflection grating mounting seat (750) with the bottom of the spectrum detection housing (700), so that the incident angle of the concave reflection grating (300) and the incident angle of the spherical converging reflector (200) are not on the same plane; the first preset angle between the spherical converging reflector (200) and the bottom of the lamp housing (600) is different from the vertical angle between the concave reflection grating (300) and the bottom of the spectrum detection housing (700).

7. An optical path system, characterized in that: Used in a spectrometer (1), comprising: a light source (10), a first spherical converging reflector (20), a collimating reflector (30), a plane reflection grating (40), a second spherical converging reflector (50), and a detection element (60); The light source (10) is used to emit a light beam to be measured; The first spherical converging reflector (20) is used to receive and convergingly reflect the light beam to be measured emitted by the light source (10); the light source (10) and the first spherical converging reflector (20) form an off-axis reflection light path; The collimating reflector (30) is used to receive the light beam to be measured reflected by the first spherical converging reflector (20), and collimate the light beam to be measured into a parallel light beam; The plane reflection grating (40) is used to disperse the parallel light beam collimated by the collimating reflector (30) into multiple light beams according to wavelength; The light beam to be measured emitted by the light source (10) is reflected by the first spherical converging reflector (20) and is incident on the collimating reflector (30); the parallel light beam collimated by the collimating reflector (30) is incident on the plane reflection grating (40); and the multiple light beams dispersed by the plane reflection grating (40) are incident on the second spherical converging reflector (50); The first spherical converging reflector (20) and the second spherical converging reflector (50) form a non-coplanar optical path; the second spherical converging reflector (50) is used to receive and convergingly reflect a plurality of light beams reflected by the planar reflection grating (40); The light source (10), the first spherical converging reflector (20), and the collimating reflector (30) are located in the same plane, and the collimating reflector (30), the plane reflection grating (40), the second spherical converging reflector (50), and the detection element (60) are located in the same plane, and the two planes are different planes; the plane where the incident angle of the second spherical converging reflector (50) is located is different from the plane where the incident angle of the first spherical converging reflector (20) is located, so that the first spherical converging reflector (20) and the second spherical converging reflector (50) generate astigmatism with opposite signs, which cancel each other out; The detection element (60) is used to receive the multiple light beams and form electrical signals.

8. A spectrometer, characterized in that: Comprising the optical path system according to claim 7; and a lamp housing (600) and a spectrum detection housing (700); The lamp chamber housing (600) and the spectrum detection housing (700) are detachably connected; The light source (10) and the first spherical converging reflector (20) of the optical path system are arranged in the lamp housing (600); the collimating reflector (30), the plane reflection grating (40), the second spherical converging reflector (50) and the detection element (60) are arranged in the spectrum detection housing (700); The lamp housing (600) is provided with a lamp housing light exit hole (610); the spectrum detection housing (700) is provided with a light entrance hole (710); the lamp housing light exit hole (610) and the light entrance hole (710) are positioned correspondingly, so that the light beam to be measured emitted by the light source (10) in the lamp housing (600) is reflected by the first spherical converging reflector (20) and then incident on the collimating reflector (30) in the spectrum detection housing (700).

9. The spectrometer according to claim 8, characterized in that The spectrum detection housing (700) comprises: a bottom plate (720), a surrounding plate (730) and a cover plate (740); A lamp housing mounting portion (721) is provided on the bottom plate (720); the enclosure (730) is provided on the bottom plate (720), enclosing the portion except the lamp housing mounting portion (721), and cooperating with the bottom plate (720) and the cover plate (740) to form an accommodating space; the collimating reflector (30), the plane reflection grating (40), the second spherical converging reflector (50), and the detection element (60) are provided in the accommodating space; The lamp housing (600) is mounted on a lamp housing mounting portion (721) on the bottom plate.

10. The spectrometer according to claim 9, characterized in that The light source (10) comprises: a light emitting device (110) and a light source housing (11); The lamp housing (600) is provided with a light source mounting hole (640), and the light source housing (11) is mounted in the lamp housing (600) through the light source mounting hole (640); The light emitting device (110) is installed in the light source housing (11); the light source housing (11) is provided with a light source light exit hole (111); and the lamp housing (600) is provided with a lamp housing light entrance hole (660), so that the light beam to be measured emitted by the light emitting device (110) is irradiated onto the first spherical converging reflector (20).

11. The spectrometer according to claim 10, characterized in that The spectrometer (1) is a liquid chromatograph detector assembly, a flow cell is provided in the light source housing (11), a liquid to be measured is provided in the flow cell, a light beam emitted by the light emitting device (110) irradiates the liquid to be measured, and the liquid to be measured absorbs light of a certain wavelength; or The spectrometer (1) is a liquid chromatograph detector assembly, wherein a flow cell is provided in a path where the second spherical converging reflector (50) reflects the light beam to be measured to the detection element (60), wherein a liquid to be measured is provided in the flow cell, and the light beam emitted by the light emitting device irradiates the liquid to be measured, and the liquid to be measured absorbs light of a certain wavelength; or The spectrometer (1) is a liquid chromatograph detector assembly. The light beam to be measured is reflected by the first spherical converging reflector (20) and converges at a focus. A flow cell is provided at the focus. The flow cell contains a liquid to be measured. The light beam emitted by the light emitting device (110) irradiates the liquid to be measured, and the liquid to be measured absorbs light of a certain wavelength.

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