System for monitoring water-soluble ions in air and method for detecting trapping efficiency

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of environmental protection monitoring, in particular to a monitoring system for water-soluble ions in air and a detection method for trapping efficiency, the monitoring system comprises a separation device used for trapping gaseous soluble targets in input sample gas and enabling solid particles in the sample gas to pass through; the detection unit is used for performing component analysis on the input solution; the first concentration measuring pipeline is used for acquiring the concentration of the first part of target solution; the particulate matter collecting device is used for absorbing solid particulate matters to form a second part of target object solution; the second concentration measuring pipeline is used for acquiring the concentration of the second part of target solution; the tail gas collecting pipeline is used for collecting residual target objects in the gas passing through the particulate matter collecting device to form a third part of target object solution and acquiring the concentration of the third part of target object solution; and the calculation device is used for calculating and obtaining the trapping efficiency according to the output result of the detection unit and the parameters in the monitoring system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to an air water-soluble ion monitoring system and a capture efficiency detection method. Background Art

[0002] Atmospheric particulate matter (such as PM 10 , PM 2.5 etc.) has adverse effects on air quality, human health, atmospheric visibility, and global climate change. Water-soluble ions are an important component of atmospheric particulate matter. Monitoring the concentration changes of water-soluble ion components in atmospheric particulate matter is of great significance for air pollution control.

[0003] The traditional analysis method for water-soluble ion components in atmospheric particulate matter is to collect particulate matter through a filter membrane, and then send it to a laboratory for weighing, dissolving, extracting, and analyzing using ion chromatography. This method has disadvantages such as large sampling errors for particulate matter, easy loss during sample storage, time-consuming and laborious, and inability to reflect the high-frequency change law of water-soluble components in atmospheric particulate matter.

[0004] For a continuous automatic monitoring system for water-soluble ions, the gas sample capture efficiency and the particulate sample capture efficiency are very important, and both are required to be ≥ 98% (Technical Specification for Continuous Automatic Monitoring of Water-soluble Ions in Ambient Air Particulate Matter (PM2.5) HJ 1328—2023). However, the existing monitoring systems in the prior art do not give an effective test method for the capture efficiency.

[0005] The continuous automatic monitoring system for water-soluble ions in air can monitor the contents of ions such as Cl - , NO3 - , SO4 2- , Na + , NH4 + , K + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ in gaseous and particulate matters. According to the above introduction, whether it is gaseous water-soluble ions or solid water-soluble ions, they are ultimately dissolved in a liquid and detected by ion chromatography. Therefore, the capture efficiency of the absorption liquid for the above water-soluble ions in air is crucial. If the capture efficiency is too low, it will lead to the problem of low measured concentration.

[0006] Currently, a few manufacturers use standard solutions to generate aerosols, produce calibration gases, and introduce them into the continuous automatic monitoring system for water-soluble ions in the air to conduct capture efficiency tests. However, for the aerosol gas generated by the standard solution, most of the ionic components are dissolved in the small liquid droplets in the liquid state and are originally from the solution. It is very easy for them to be absorbed by the liquid solution again after being introduced into the system. For the water-soluble ions in the actual air, they are either in the gaseous form or in the solid state in solid particles, and the proportion of liquid water-soluble ions in the air is very low. Therefore, the standard gas generated by the standard solution cannot truly represent the capture efficiency of the water-soluble ions in the air aerosol by the solution. For the current mainstream continuous automatic monitoring systems for water-soluble ions in the air, the ion chromatograph is directly calibrated with standard liquids, and no testing technology for the capture efficiency of water-soluble ions in the air aerosol has been developed.

[0007] In summary, there is a lack of reliable testing means for the capture efficiency of water-soluble ions in the existing monitoring systems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To solve the deficiencies in the above-mentioned existing technical solutions, the present invention provides a monitoring system for water-soluble ions in the air and a detection method for capture efficiency.

[0009] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0010] A monitoring system for water-soluble ions in the air includes:

[0011] A separation device for capturing gaseous soluble target substances in the input sample gas and allowing solid particulate matters in the sample gas to pass through;

[0012] A detection unit for analyzing the components of the input solution;

[0013] A first concentration measurement pipeline, which is respectively connected to the separation device and the detection unit, for obtaining the concentration of the first part of the target substance solution;

[0014] A particulate matter collection device, which is connected to the separation device, for absorbing the solid particulate matters to form a second part of the target substance solution;

[0015] A second concentration measurement pipeline, which is respectively connected to the particulate matter collection device and the detection unit, for obtaining the concentration of the second part of the target substance solution;

[0016] An exhaust gas collection pipeline, which is connected to the particulate matter collection device and the detection unit, for collecting the remaining target substances in the gas passing through the particulate matter collection device to form a third part of the target substance solution and obtaining the concentration of the third part of the target substance solution;

[0017] A computing device for calculating the capture efficiency based on the output result of the detection unit and the parameters in the monitoring system.

[0018] In some embodiments, the first concentration pipeline includes a first pump, a first switching valve, a first absorption bottle, a first reverse osmosis filter, and a first solvent bottle connected in sequence. The pipeline between the first absorption bottle and the first reverse osmosis filter communicates with the detection unit, and the first switching valve is used to selectively connect the outlet of the first pump to the first absorption bottle or the outside.

[0019] The second concentration pipeline includes a second pump, a second switching valve, a second absorption bottle, a second reverse osmosis filter, and a second solvent bottle connected in sequence. The pipeline between the second absorption bottle and the second reverse osmosis filter communicates with the detection unit, and the second switching valve is used to selectively connect the outlet of the second pump to the second absorption bottle or the outside.

[0020] In some embodiments, the tail gas collection pipeline includes:

[0021] A first condenser and a third absorption bottle. The inlet of the first condenser is connected to the gas outlet of the particulate matter collection device, the liquid outlet of the first condenser is connected to the third absorption bottle, and the third absorption bottle is connected to the detection unit through a third pump.

[0022] In some embodiments, the tail gas collection pipeline further includes:

[0023] A third reverse osmosis filter and a third solvent bottle. The inlet of the first condenser is connected to the gas outlet of the particulate matter collection device, the liquid outlet of the first condenser is connected to the third absorption bottle, and the pipeline between the third absorption bottle and the third reverse osmosis filter is connected to the detection unit through a third pump.

[0024] In some embodiments, the separation device includes an etcher, and the particulate matter collection device includes a steam generator, a particulate matter hygroscopic growth chamber, a second condenser, and an impactor connected in sequence. The particulate matter hygroscopic growth chamber is connected to the separation device, and the detection unit uses an ion chromatograph.

[0025] The present invention also provides a method for detecting the capture efficiency of an air water-soluble ion monitoring system, using the monitoring system described in any of the above embodiments. The detection method includes:

[0026] S1. The sample gas sequentially passes through the separation device, the particulate matter collection device, and the tail gas collection pipeline. The separation device captures the gaseous soluble target substances in the sample gas to form a first part of the target substance solution, the particulate matter collection device absorbs the solid particulate matter in the sample gas to form a second part of the target substance solution, and the tail gas collection pipeline collects the remaining target substances and moisture to form a third part of the target substance solution.

[0027] S2. The first concentration measurement pipeline obtains the first part of the target solution, concentrates it, and then inputs it into the detection unit;

[0028] S3. The second concentration measurement pipeline obtains the second part of the target solution, concentrates it, and then inputs it into the detection unit;

[0029] S4. Based on the solution input by the first concentration measurement pipeline within the i-th sampling period, the detection unit outputs a concentration C 1i ; based on the solution input by the second concentration measurement pipeline within the i-th sampling period, the detection unit outputs a concentration C 2i ; based on the solution input by the tail gas collection pipeline within the 1st to N-th periods, the detection unit outputs a concentration C0, where i = 1, 2... N, and N represents the number of sampling periods passed when the third part of the target solution reaches the concentration detection condition;

[0030] S5. The calculation device obtains the total capture efficiency R1 according to the concentration value output by the detection unit and the working parameters of the monitoring system.

[0031] In some embodiments, it further includes:

[0032] A particulate filter is added to the separation device of the monitoring system, and the particulate filter is used to intercept solid particulates in the sample gas;

[0033] The gaseous soluble target capture efficiency R2 of the monitoring system with the particulate filter added is obtained through steps S1 to S5;

[0034] The capture efficiency R of the monitoring system for the target in solid particulates is obtained according to the absorption efficiencies R1, R2 and the working parameters of the monitoring system.

[0035] In some embodiments, the calculation formula for the capture efficiency R1 is expressed as:

[0036]

[0037] Wherein, L2 is the pipeline volume between the first absorption bottle and the first reverse osmosis filter, L3 is the pipeline volume between the first reverse osmosis filter and the first solvent bottle. When the liquid in the first absorption bottle is sent to the detection unit in the i-th period, V 2i is the liquid volume pumped by the first pump in the i-th period, the liquid volume in the first absorption bottle in the i-th period is V 3i , and the liquid volume in the first solvent bottle in the i-th period is V 4i ; L6 is the pipeline volume between the second absorption bottle and the second reverse osmosis filter, L7 is the pipeline volume between the second reverse osmosis filter and the second solvent bottle. When the liquid in the second absorption bottle is sent to the detection unit in the i-th period, V 6iis the volume of the liquid transported by the second pump in the i-th cycle. The volume of the liquid in the second absorption bottle in the i-th cycle is V 7i and the volume of the liquid in the second solvent bottle in the i-th cycle is V 8i ; when the liquid in the third absorption bottle is sent to the detection unit, the volume of the liquid in the third absorption bottle is V0.

[0038] In some embodiments, the capture efficiency R of the target in the solid particulate matter by the monitoring system is expressed as:

[0039]

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0041] The system and method provided by the present invention can realize the test of the capture efficiency, and solve the problem of low measurement results caused by low capture efficiency. Further, with the capture efficiency, the performance indicators of the ion chromatography can be combined with the capture efficiency of the system to be converted into the system performance indicators. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Referring to the accompanying drawings, the disclosure of the present invention will become more understandable. It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that these drawings are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0043] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 is another schematic structural diagram of the monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0045] Figure 1 - Figure 2 The following description and examples describe alternative specific embodiments of the present invention to teach those skilled in the art how to implement and reproduce the present invention. Some conventional aspects have been simplified or omitted to explain the technical solutions of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that variations or substitutions derived from these specific embodiments will fall within the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the following features can be combined in various ways to form multiple variations of the present invention. Thus, the present invention is not limited to the following alternative specific embodiments, but is defined only by the claims and their equivalents.

[0046] Example 1:

[0047] An air-soluble ion monitoring system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, includes:

[0048] A cutter 11, a separation device (using an etcher) 12, a first concentration measurement pipeline, and a detection unit (an ion chromatograph is used in this embodiment) 81 that are connected in sequence. The first concentration measurement pipeline includes a first pump 21, a first switching valve 31, a first absorption bottle 41, a third switching valve 33, a first reverse osmosis filter 51, a fourth pump 23, a first solvent bottle 61, and a sixth pump 25 that are connected in sequence. The first switching valve 31 is used to selectively connect the outlet of the first pump 21 to the first absorption bottle 41 or the waste liquid bucket 91, and the third switching valve 33 is used to selectively connect the outlet of the first absorption bottle 41 to the detection unit 81 or the first reverse osmosis filter 51. A ninth pump 71 and a fifth switching valve 35 are arranged between the third switching valve 33 and the detection unit 81, and the fifth switching valve 35 selectively connects the outlet of the ninth pump 71 to the detection unit 81 or the waste liquid bucket 91.

[0049] The sample gas passes through the cutter 11. After the cutter 11 screens out particulate matters of a certain particle size, the sample gas enters the sampling pipeline. The water-soluble ion target substances in the sampling pipeline exist in two forms in the sample gas, one exists in the solid particulate matters, and the other exists in the form of gaseous soluble target substances. The absorbent liquid is pumped into the etcher by a peristaltic pump, and the sample gas enters the etcher. The etcher captures the soluble gaseous target substances into the absorbent liquid and converts them into a liquid solution. At this time, the gaseous target substances (water-soluble ions) are dissolved in the absorbent liquid. The etcher can be of a parallel plate type or a spiral tube type.

[0050] A particulate matter collection device and a second concentration measurement pipeline that are connected in sequence. The particulate matter collection device is connected to the separation device 12 and is used to collect the solid particulate matters in the sample gas that pass through the separation device 12. The second concentration measurement pipeline absorbs the solid particulate matters to form a second part of the target substance solution and transports it to the detection unit 81. The particulate matter collection device includes a steam generator 82, a particulate matter growth chamber 13, a second condenser 14, and an impactor 15 that are connected in sequence. The particulate matter growth chamber 13 is connected to the separation device 12. The second concentration measurement pipeline includes a second pump 22, a second switching valve 32, a second absorption bottle 42, a fourth switching valve 34, a second reverse osmosis filter 52, a fifth pump 24, a second solvent bottle 62, and a seventh pump 26 that are connected in sequence. The second switching valve 32 is used to selectively connect the outlet of the second pump 22 to the second absorption bottle 42 or the waste liquid bucket 91, and the fourth switching valve 34 is used to selectively connect the outlet of the second absorption bottle 42 to the detection unit 81 or the second reverse osmosis filter 52. A tenth pump 72 and a sixth switching valve 36 are arranged between the fourth switching valve 34 and the detection unit 81, and the sixth switching valve 36 selectively connects the outlet of the tenth pump 72 to the detection unit 81 or the waste liquid bucket 91.

[0051] The tail gas collection pipeline is connected to the particulate matter collection device. In the tail gas collection pipeline, through the suction of the eighth pump 75, the gas discharged from the gas outlet of the impactor 15 enters the first condenser 16 and the eighth pump 75. The liquid outlet of the first condenser 16 is connected to the third absorption bottle 43, and the third absorption bottle 43 is connected to the detection unit 81 through the third pump 73 and the seventh switching valve 74. The seventh switching valve 74 is used to selectively connect the outlet of the third pump 73 to the detection unit 81 or the waste liquid bucket 91.

[0052] A calculation device, which calculates the capture efficiency according to the output result of the detection unit 81 and the parameters in the monitoring system.

[0053] The present invention also provides a capture efficiency detection method based on the monitoring system of the embodiment of the present invention. The detection method is as follows:

[0054] S1. The sample gas sequentially passes through the separation device, the particulate matter collection device and the tail gas collection pipeline. The separation device captures the gaseous soluble target substances in the sample gas to form a first part of the target substance solution. The particulate matter collection device absorbs the solid particulate matter in the sample gas to form a second part of the target substance solution. The tail gas collection pipeline collects the remaining target substances and moisture to form a third part of the target substance solution;

[0055] S2. The first concentration measurement pipeline obtains the first part of the target substance solution, concentrates it and then inputs it into the detection unit;

[0056] S3. The second concentration measurement pipeline obtains the second part of the target substance solution, concentrates it and then inputs it into the detection unit;

[0057] S4. Based on the solution input from the first concentration measurement pipeline in the i-th sampling period, the detection unit outputs a concentration C 1i ; based on the solution input from the second concentration measurement pipeline in the i-th sampling period, the detection unit outputs a concentration C 2i ; based on the solution input from the tail gas collection pipeline in the 1st to Nth periods, the detection unit outputs a concentration C0, where i = 1, 2... N, and N represents the number of sampling periods passed when the third part of the target substance solution reaches the concentration detection condition;

[0058] S5. The calculation device obtains the total capture efficiency R1 according to the concentration value output by the detection unit and the working parameters of the monitoring system.

[0059] The sampled air sequentially passes through the cutter 11 and the separation device 12. The separated gaseous pollutants enter the first concentration measurement pipeline, and the separated particulate matter is sent to the particulate matter collection device. The gas discharged from the particulate matter collection device enters the tail gas collection pipeline;

[0060] The first concentration measurement pipeline, the second concentration measurement pipeline, and the tail gas collection pipeline respectively send the absorbed soluble ion solution to the detection unit 81. The detection unit 81 outputs the measured concentration C of the first part of the target solution formed by the part of the same soluble ion in the sample gas that belongs to gaseous pollutants within multiple sampling periods. 1i And the measured concentration C of the second part of the target solution formed by the part of the same soluble ion in the sample gas that belongs to particulate matter. 2i Where i represents the i-th sampling period, and i = 1, 2... N. The detection unit 81 also outputs the measured concentration C0 of the third part of the target solution formed by the part of the same soluble ion in the sample gas collected in the first to N sampling periods that belongs to the tail gas. The target in the tail gas, that is, the part not absorbed by the monitoring system, includes the gaseous soluble target not absorbed by the separation device and the target in the solid particulate matter not absorbed by the particulate matter collection device.

[0061] Obtain the total capture efficiency R1 of the monitoring system based on the above measured concentration and the operating parameters of the monitoring system;

[0062]

[0063] Among them, the operating parameters of the monitoring system include: L2 is the pipeline volume between the first absorption bottle and the first reverse osmosis filter, L3 is the pipeline volume between the first reverse osmosis filter and the first solvent bottle. When the liquid in the first absorption bottle is sent to the detection unit in the i-th cycle, V 2i is the liquid volume transported by the first pump in the i-th cycle. The liquid volume in the first absorption bottle in the i-th cycle is V 3i , and the liquid volume in the first solvent bottle in the i-th cycle is V 4i ; L6 is the pipeline volume between the second absorption bottle and the second reverse osmosis filter, L7 is the pipeline volume between the second reverse osmosis filter and the second solvent bottle. When the liquid in the second absorption bottle is sent to the detection unit in the i-th cycle, V 6i is the liquid volume transported by the second pump in the i-th cycle. The liquid volume in the second absorption bottle in the i-th cycle is V 7i , and the liquid volume in the second solvent bottle in the i-th cycle is V 8i ; When the liquid in the third absorption bottle is sent to the detection unit, the liquid volume in the third absorption bottle is V0.

[0064] Taking nitrate ion NO3 - as an example, it is known that N = 24. Within 24 cycles, C0 = 0.03 μg / ml and V0 = 46.7 ml are measured. The corresponding particulate matter and gas operation data within 24 cycles are as follows:

[0065] 24h gas data

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] 24-hour particulate matter data

[0069]

[0070] Based on the above data, it can be obtained that R1 = 98.37%.

[0071] In some embodiments, the cutter 11 is replaced with a particulate filter, or a particulate filter is added before the separation device 12. After all solid particulate matters in the sample gas are intercepted and introduced into the separation device 12, the capture efficiency R2 obtained by the method of steps S1 - S5 is used. At this time, the particulate matters have been intercepted by the high-efficiency filter, so the measured concentration of the second part of the target solution in the second concentration measurement pipeline is close to 0. The system absorption efficiency R2 is basically equivalent to the capture efficiency of the monitoring system for the gaseous water-soluble ionic target. N = 24, C0 = 0.0042 μg / ml, V0 = 16.4 ml, and the particulate matter and gas operation data are as follows:

[0072] 24-hour gas data

[0073]

[0074] 24-hour particulate matter data

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] Based on the above data, it can be obtained that R2 = 99.43%

[0078] The capture efficiency R of the monitoring system for the target in solid particulate matters is obtained based on the absorption efficiencies R1, R2 and the working parameters of the monitoring system.

[0079]

[0080] During the detection time, when the soluble ion solution in the tail gas absorption pipeline, that is, the third part of the target solution, meets the measurement requirements, the detection time includes the multiple sampling periods, which are 24 sampling periods as above.

[0081] The working modes of the first concentration measurement pipeline and the second concentration measurement pipeline are as follows: when the liquid level in any one of the first absorption bottle 41, the second absorption bottle 42, the first solvent bottle 61, and the second solvent bottle 62 reaches the set value, or reaches the preset time node, the first switching valve 31 and the second switching valve 32 switch, so that the liquid flows through the switching valve into the waste liquid bucket 91. At the same time, the third switching valve 33, the fifth switching valve 35, the fourth switching valve 34, and the sixth switching valve 36 switch. The liquid in the first absorption bottle 41 sequentially passes through the third switching valve 33, the ninth pump 71, and the fifth switching valve 35 and enters the detection unit 81. The liquid in the second absorption bottle 42 sequentially passes through the fourth switching valve 34, the tenth pump 72, and the sixth switching valve 36 and enters the detection unit 81.

[0082] The working mode of the tail gas collection pipeline is as follows: when the liquid level in the third absorption bottle 43 reaches the set value, the seventh switching valve 74 switches, and the liquid in the third absorption bottle 43 is transported to the detection unit through the third pump 73 and the seventh switching valve 74.

[0083] The working mode of the detection unit 81 is to detect the liquid transported from the first concentration measurement pipeline, the second concentration measurement pipeline, and the tail gas collection pipeline in an alternative manner.

[0084] When the system starts the analysis process, the liquid volumes in the absorption bottles 41 and 42 and the solvent volumes in the solvent bottles 61 and 62 can be obtained through high-precision liquid level sensors in combination with the bottle body dimensions, which belongs to the prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0085] Embodiment 2:

[0086] The monitoring system and method of Embodiment 1 of the present invention are different from those of Embodiment 1 in that:

[0087] As Figure 2 shown, in the tail gas collection pipeline, a gas-liquid separation unit 17 and an eighth pump 75 are sequentially arranged downstream of the first condenser 16. The third absorption bottle 43 is sequentially connected to an eighth switching valve 74, a third reverse osmosis filter 53, an eleventh pump 27, a third solvent bottle 63, and a twelfth pump 28.

[0088] After the liquid level in the third absorption bottle 43 reaches the set value, the liquid sequentially passes through the eighth switching valve 76, the third pump 73, and the seventh switching valve 74 and enters the detection unit 81.

[0089] Based on the tail gas collection pipeline of this embodiment, the absorption efficiency R1 is:

[0090]

[0091] L8 is the pipeline volume between the third absorption bottle and the third reverse osmosis filter.

[0092] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A system for monitoring water-soluble ions in air, characterized in that: include: A separation device, for capturing gaseous soluble target substances in the input sample gas to form a first portion of the target substance solution, and allowing solid particles in the sample gas to pass through; A detection unit, used for analyzing the components of the input solution; a first concentration measurement pipeline, connected to the separation device and the detection unit, respectively, for obtaining the concentration of the first part of the target solution; a particle collecting device, connected to the separation device, and used to absorb the solid particles to form a second portion of the target solution; a second concentration measurement pipeline, connected to the particle collecting device and the detection unit, respectively, for obtaining the concentration of the second part of the target solution; an exhaust gas collection pipeline connected to the particulate matter collection device and the detection unit, and used to collect the target object remaining in the gas passing through the particulate matter collection device to form a third part of the target object solution, and obtain the concentration of the third part of the target object solution; The calculation device is used to calculate the capture efficiency according to the output result of the detection unit and the parameters in the monitoring system.

2. The monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first concentration pipeline comprises a first pump, a first switching valve, a first absorption bottle, a first reverse osmosis filter and a first solvent bottle connected in sequence, a pipeline between the first absorption bottle and the first reverse osmosis filter is connected to the detection unit, and the first switching valve is used to selectively connect the outlet of the first pump to the first absorption bottle or the outside; The second concentration pipeline includes a second pump, a second switching valve, a second absorption bottle, a second reverse osmosis filter and a second solvent bottle connected in sequence. The pipeline between the second absorption bottle and the second reverse osmosis filter is connected to the detection unit. The second switching valve is used to selectively connect the outlet of the second pump to the second absorption bottle or the outside world.

3. The monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tail gas collection pipeline comprises: A first condenser and a third absorption bottle, wherein the inlet of the first condenser is connected to the gas outlet of the particle collection device, the liquid outlet of the first condenser is connected to the third absorption bottle, and the third absorption bottle is connected to the detection unit via a third pump.

4. The monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tail gas collection pipeline also includes: A third reverse osmosis filter and a third solvent bottle, the inlet of the first condenser is connected to the gas outlet of the particle collection device, the liquid outlet of the first condenser is connected to the third absorption bottle, and the pipeline between the third absorption bottle and the third reverse osmosis filter is connected to the detection unit through a third pump.

5. The monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation device comprises a dissolver, the particle collection device comprises a steam generator, a particle moisture absorption and growth cavity, a second condenser and an impactor connected in sequence, the particle moisture absorption and growth cavity is connected to the separation device, and the detection unit adopts an ion chromatograph.

6. A method for detecting the capture efficiency of a water-soluble ion monitoring system in air, using the monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the detection method comprising: S1. The sample gas passes through a separation device, a particle collecting device and an exhaust gas collecting pipeline in sequence. The separation device captures the gaseous soluble target in the sample gas to form a first part of the target solution. The particle collecting device absorbs the solid particles in the sample gas to form a second part of the target solution. The exhaust gas collecting pipeline collects the residual target and water to form a third part of the target solution. S2, a first concentration measurement pipeline obtains the first part of the target solution, concentrates it, and then inputs it into the detection unit; S3, a second concentration measurement pipeline obtains the second part of the target solution, concentrates it, and then inputs it into the detection unit; S4, the detection unit outputs the concentration C of the solution input from the first concentration measurement pipeline in the i-th sampling period. 1i The detection unit outputs the concentration C based on the solution input from the second concentration measurement pipeline within the i-th sampling period 2i The detection unit outputs a concentration C0 of the solution input from the tail gas collection pipeline in the 1st to Nth cycles, i=1,2···N, where N represents the number of sampling cycles after which the third part of the target solution reaches the concentration detection condition; S5. The calculation device obtains the total capture efficiency R1 according to the concentration value output by the detection unit and the working parameters of the monitoring system.

7. The detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also includes: A particle filter is added before the separation device of the monitoring system, and the particle filter is used to intercept solid particles in the sample gas; The gaseous soluble target capture efficiency R2 of the monitoring system with the particle filter added is obtained through steps S1 to S5; The capture efficiency R of the monitoring system for the target objects in the solid particles is obtained according to the capture efficiencies R1, R2 and the working parameters of the monitoring system.

8. The detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The calculation formula of capture efficiency R1 is expressed as: Wherein, L2 is the pipe volume between the first absorption bottle and the first reverse osmosis filter, L3 is the pipe volume between the first reverse osmosis filter and the first solvent bottle, when the liquid in the first absorption bottle is sent to the detection unit in the i-th cycle, V 2i is the volume of liquid delivered by the first pump in the ith cycle, and the volume of liquid in the first absorption bottle in the ith cycle is V 3i , the volume of the liquid in the first solvent bottle in the i-th cycle is V 4i ; L6 is the pipe volume between the second absorption bottle and the second reverse osmosis filter, L7 is the pipe volume between the second reverse osmosis filter and the second solvent bottle, when the liquid in the second absorption bottle is sent to the detection unit in the i-th cycle, V 6i is the volume of liquid delivered by the second pump in the ith cycle, and the volume of liquid in the second absorption bottle in the ith cycle is V 7i , the volume of the liquid in the second solvent bottle in the i-th cycle is V 8i ; When the liquid in the third absorption bottle is sent to the detection unit, the volume of the liquid in the third absorption bottle is V0.

9. The detection method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The capture efficiency R of the monitoring system for the target in solid particles is expressed as:

Images