Multi-depth soil component online automatic detection equipment and detection method

Abstract

The invention discloses multi-depth soil composition online automatic detection equipment and a detection method. The equipment comprises a bottom plate, self-locking universal wheels are fixedly connected to four corners of the lower end of the bottom plate, a handrail is fixedly connected to the rear side of the upper end of the bottom plate, a lifting mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the bottom plate, a first rotating cylinder is rotatably arranged in the lifting mechanism, and the lower end of the first rotating cylinder penetrates through the bottom plate and is slidably connected with the bottom plate; the lower end of the first rotating cylinder is fixedly connected with a drill bit. First circular holes are formed in the circumferential face of the first rotating cylinder. A first power mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the lifting mechanism and used for driving the first rotating cylinder to rotate. A sealing assembly is arranged in the first rotating cylinder, a second power mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the first rotating cylinder and used for providing power for the sealing assembly, and the sealing assembly is used for sealing the first circular hole. According to the invention, soil at different depths can be detected at the same time, so that multi-depth soil detection is more convenient and quicker.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil component detection, and particularly relates to an on-line automatic detection device and detection method for soil components at multiple depths. Background Art

[0002] The growth and development of crops is a complex process that depends on various environmental factors. As the foundation for crop growth, the composition of the soil has a crucial impact on crops. The nutrient content in the soil, such as macronutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as micronutrients like iron, manganese, and zinc, is directly related to the nutrient supply of crops. Sufficient and balanced nutrient supply can promote the robust growth of crop plants, making their roots developed, stems thick, and leaves lush, thereby improving the photosynthesis efficiency of crops and laying a solid foundation for crop flowering and fruiting. When conducting soil component detection, a soil component detector is needed for detection.

[0003] When the existing soil component detectors are in use, due to the fixed length of the probes, only the soil components at the same depth can be detected during soil component detection. When detecting the soil components at different depths, it is necessary to manually dig a hole on the soil surface to detect the soil at different depths. Although this can achieve the purpose of detection, the manual labor intensity is high during the detection process, and it also affects the detection efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to design an on-line automatic detection device for soil components at multiple depths. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies existing in the prior art, and to propose an on-line automatic detection device and detection method for soil components at multiple depths.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An on-line automatic detection device for soil components at multiple depths, including a bottom plate, characterized in that: self-locking universal wheels are fixedly connected to the four corners of the lower end of the bottom plate, a handrail is fixedly connected to the rear side of the upper end of the bottom plate, a lifting mechanism is arranged on the bottom plate, a first rotating cylinder is rotatably arranged inside the lifting mechanism, the lower end of the first rotating cylinder penetrates through the bottom plate and is slidably connected to the bottom plate, a drill bit is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first rotating cylinder, a plurality of first circular holes are formed on the circumferential surface of the first rotating cylinder, and the plurality of first circular holes are distributed along the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the first rotating cylinder. A first power mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the lifting mechanism, and the first power mechanism is used to drive the first rotating cylinder to rotate; a sealing component is arranged inside the first rotating cylinder, a second power mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the first rotating cylinder, and the second power mechanism is used to provide power for the sealing component. Under the action of the second power mechanism, the sealing component closes or opens the first circular holes on the first rotating cylinder;

[0006] A support frame is provided at the upper end of the lifting mechanism, and a wireless transmission module is installed at the upper end of the support frame. A second rotating cylinder is rotatably connected inside the support frame, and a fourth power mechanism is provided inside the lower end of the support frame. The fourth power mechanism is used to provide power for the rotation of the second rotating cylinder; a third power mechanism is provided inside the second rotating cylinder, and a group of pushing mechanisms and probes are provided at the position corresponding to each first circular hole on the second rotating cylinder. The third power mechanism provides power to multiple groups of pushing mechanisms at the same time, and pushes the corresponding probes out of the first rotating cylinder through the first circular hole through the pushing mechanism, and the multiple groups of probes transmit detection signals through the wireless transmission module.

[0007] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the lifting mechanism includes a first servo motor, a first guide rod, a movable plate, a first connecting plate and a screw rod. The first connecting plate is located at the top of the first rotating cylinder and is parallel to the bottom plate. The first connecting plate and the bottom plate are fixedly connected by two first guide rods. The screw rod is rotatably connected between the bottom plate and the first connecting plate, and the screw rod and the two first guide rods are evenly distributed outside the circumference of the first rotating cylinder 5. The movable plate is located between the first connecting plate and the bottom plate, the movable plate is slidably sleeved on the outside of the first rotating cylinder, and is rotatably connected to the first rotating cylinder through a conductive slip ring. A threaded hole is provided on the movable plate at a position corresponding to the screw rod, and a guide hole is provided on the movable plate at a position corresponding to the two first guide rods, and the movable plate is slidably connected to the screw rod; the first servo motor is fixed to the bottom end of the bottom plate 1, and the output shaft of the first servo motor is fixedly connected to the screw rod; the upper end of the movable plate is fixedly connected to the support frame.

[0008] A preferred technical solution of the present invention: the first circular holes are provided with multiple circles, and the multiple circles of first circular holes are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the first rotating cylinder, each circle includes 3 to 6 first circular holes, and the 3 to 6 first circular holes in each circle are evenly distributed along the circumference of the first rotating cylinder 5, and the positions of the multiple circles of first circular holes correspond to each other, and the outer shape of the first rotating cylinder includes multiple rows of circular holes distributed in a straight line; the sealing assembly is provided with multiple groups, and each group of sealing assemblies is arranged along each row of first circular holes, and each group of sealing assemblies includes a first threaded rod and a sealing plate, and the sealing plate is slidably connected to the inside of the first rotating cylinder, and the vertical surface of the sealing plate is provided with multiple second circular holes corresponding to the first circular holes; the first threaded rod is rotatably connected to the inside of the upper end of the first rotating cylinder, and the first threaded rod is threadedly connected to the sealing plate; the second power mechanism is transmission-connected to the first threaded rod of each group of sealing assemblies through a transmission mechanism, and controls the rotation of the first threaded rod of each group of sealing assemblies, driving the sealing plate to move up and down to open or close the first circular holes.

[0009] Preferred technical solution of the present invention: The pushing mechanism includes a support frame, a second threaded rod, a moving block, a fixed cylinder, a limiting hole and a limiting block. The inner wall of the second rotating cylinder is fixedly connected with the support frame. The support frame internally rotatably connects the second threaded rod. The circumferential surface of the second threaded rod is threadedly connected with the moving block. The fixed cylinder is fixedly connected inside the second rotating cylinder. The moving block is located inside the fixed cylinder and is slidably connected with the fixed cylinder. The moving block is fixedly connected with the probe. The circumferential surface of the fixed cylinder is provided with a limiting hole. The limiting block is slidably connected inside the limiting hole. The limiting block is fixedly connected with the moving block.

[0010] Preferred technical solution of the present invention: The first power mechanism includes a second servo motor, a first gear and a first annular gear. The upper end of the moving plate is fixedly connected with the second servo motor. The output end of the second servo motor penetrates the lower end of the moving plate and is rotatably connected with the moving plate. The output end of the second servo motor is fixedly connected with the first gear. The circumferential surface of the first rotating cylinder is fixedly connected with the first annular gear. The first annular gear meshes with the first gear.

[0011] Preferred technical solution of the present invention: The fourth power mechanism includes a fifth servo motor, a fourth gear and a fourth annular gear. The upper end of the support frame is fixedly connected with the fifth servo motor. The output end of the fifth servo motor penetrates the lower end of the support frame and is rotatably connected with the support frame. The output end of the fifth servo motor is fixedly connected with the fourth gear. The circumferential surface of the second rotating cylinder is fixedly connected with the fourth annular gear. The fourth annular gear meshes with the fourth gear.

[0012] Preferred technical solution of the present invention: The second power mechanism includes a mounting frame, a third servo motor, a second gear, a rotating ring, a second annular gear, a third annular gear and a third gear. The circumferential surface of the first rotating cylinder is fixedly connected with the mounting frame. The lower end of the mounting frame is fixedly connected with the third servo motor. The output end of the third servo motor penetrates the upper end of the mounting frame and is rotatably connected with the mounting frame. The output end of the third servo motor is fixedly connected with the second gear. The upper circumferential surface of the first rotating cylinder is rotatably connected with the rotating ring. The circumferential surface of the rotating ring is fixedly connected with the second annular gear. The second annular gear meshes with the second gear. The third annular gear is fixedly connected inside the rotating ring. The upper end of the first threaded rod of each sealing component is fixedly connected with the third gear. The third gear meshes with the third annular gear.

[0013] Preferred technical solution of the present invention: The detection device further includes a positioning mechanism that matches the number of sealing components. The positioning mechanism is arranged around the upper end of the first rotating cylinder and corresponds to each group of sealing components one by one. The positioning mechanism includes a fixing plate, a second guiding rod, a compression spring, a second connecting plate, a sliding block, a positioning rod, a disc and a positioning groove. The vertical surface of the sealing plate is fixedly connected with the fixing plate. A square hole is formed on the circumferential surface of the first rotating cylinder. The fixing plate is located inside the square hole and is slidably connected with the square hole. The upper end of the fixing plate is fixedly connected with the second guiding rod. The upper end of the second guiding rod is fixedly connected with the second connecting plate. A positioning rod is slidably connected inside the second connecting plate. The lower end of the positioning rod is fixedly connected with the sliding block. The sliding block is slidably connected with the second guiding rod. A compression spring is arranged on the circumferential surface of the second guiding rod. One end of the compression spring is fixedly connected with the sliding block, and the other end of the compression spring is fixedly connected with the fixing plate. A disc is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the second rotating cylinder. A positioning groove is formed on the lower end surface of the disc. The positioning groove cooperates with the positioning rod.

[0014] Preferred technical solution of the present invention: The third power mechanism includes a fourth servo motor, a rotating shaft, a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside the second rotating cylinder. A first bevel gear is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft corresponding to each group of pushing mechanisms. One end of the second threaded rod of each group of pushing mechanisms close to the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a second bevel gear. The second bevel gear meshes with the first bevel gear. A fourth servo motor is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second rotating cylinder. The output end of the fourth servo motor is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for online automatic detection of soil components at multiple depths, which uses the above-mentioned online automatic detection device for soil components at multiple depths, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0016] S1: Transfer the device to the farmland to be detected;

[0017] S2: The first power mechanism and the lifting mechanism work simultaneously, and with the cooperation of the drill bit, the first rotating cylinder is inserted deep into the soil. During the process of the first rotating cylinder being inserted into the soil, the sealing component closes the first circular hole;

[0018] S3: After the first rotating cylinder completely enters the soil, the second power mechanism drives the sealing component to move and open the first circular hole;

[0019] S4: The third power mechanism works to provide power to the pushing mechanism, so that the pushing mechanism pushes the probe out of the first rotating cylinder and inserts it into the soil. Since the first circular holes are distributed along the axial direction of the first rotating cylinder, and a set of pushing mechanism and a probe are arranged in each first circular hole, simultaneous detection of soil at different depths can be achieved;

[0020] S5: The data detected by the probe is transmitted outward through the wireless transmission module.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) The present invention is provided with a lifting mechanism, a first rotating cylinder, a second rotating cylinder, a first power mechanism, a drill bit, a third power mechanism, a pushing mechanism and a probe. When soil composition detection is performed, the lifting mechanism and the first power mechanism work simultaneously. At this time, with the cooperation of the drill bit, the first rotating cylinder is facilitated to penetrate into the soil. After the first rotating cylinder penetrates into the soil, the third power mechanism works to provide power to the pushing mechanism. Then, under the action of the pushing mechanism, the probe can be pushed out of the first rotating cylinder and inserted into the soil. Since the pushing mechanism is provided with multiple groups and is vertically distributed, soils of different depths can be detected at the same time, making multi-depth soil detection more convenient and quick.

[0023] (2) The present invention provides a first threaded rod, a sealing plate, and a second circular hole. When the first rotating cylinder penetrates into the soil, the first threaded rod rotates, thereby driving the sealing plate to move downward, so that the second circular hole is completely offset from the first circular hole. This achieves the purpose of sealing and prevents soil from entering the first rotating cylinder through the first circular hole when the first rotating cylinder penetrates into the soil, thereby improving the accuracy of detection.

[0024] (3) The present invention sets a fixed plate, a second guide rod, a compression spring, a second connecting plate, a sliding block, a positioning rod, a disc and a positioning groove. When performing detection, the sealing plate moves up so that the second circular hole coincides with the first circular hole. During the process of the sealing plate moving up, when the positioning rod contacts the disc, the moving block moves downward on the second guide rod as the sealing plate moves up, thereby compressing the compression spring. Then the fourth power mechanism works to drive the second rotating cylinder to rotate, thereby driving the disc to rotate. When the positioning groove coincides with the positioning rod, the compression spring makes it easy for the positioning rod to be inserted into the positioning groove to achieve the purpose of positioning, so that the pushing mechanism corresponds to the first circular hole, which makes it easy for the pushing mechanism to push the probe out of the first rotating cylinder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention from the first viewing angle as a whole;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second viewing angle of the whole invention;

[0027] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of part A;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the third perspective of the whole of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of part B in;

[0030] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of part C in;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of part D in;

[0033] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of part E in;

[0034] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the sealing plate of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the ejection mechanism of the present invention.

[0036] Legend: 1, bottom plate; 2, self-locking universal wheel; 3, armrest; 4, lifting mechanism; 401, first servo motor; 402, first guide rod; 403, moving plate; 404, first connecting plate; 405, lead screw; 5, first rotating cylinder; 6, first power mechanism; 601, second servo motor; 602, first gear; 603, first ring gear; 7, first circular hole; 8, positioning mechanism; 801, fixing plate; 802, second guide rod; 803, compression spring; 804, second connecting plate; 805, sliding block; 806, positioning rod; 807, disc; 808, positioning groove; 9, second power mechanism; 901, mounting frame; 902, third servo motor; 903, second gear; 904, rotating ring; 905, second ring gear; 906, third ring gear; 907, third gear; 10, second rotating cylinder; 11, third power mechanism; 1101, fourth servo motor; 1102, rotating shaft; 1103, first bevel gear; 1104, second bevel gear; 12, fourth power mechanism; 1201, fifth servo motor; 1202, fourth gear; 1203, fourth ring gear; 13, sealing assembly; 1301, first threaded rod; 1302, sealing plate; 1303, second circular hole; 14, ejection mechanism; 1401, support frame; 1402, second threaded rod; 1403, moving block; 1404, fixed cylinder; 1405, limiting hole; 1406, limiting block; 15, probe; 16, conductive slip ring; 17, square hole; 18, drill bit; 19, support frame. Detailed implementation mode

[0037] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] An on-line automatic detection device for multi-depth soil components provided in Embodiment 1, referring to Figure 1 - 11 As shown, it includes a bottom plate 1. Four corners of the lower end of the bottom plate 1 are fixedly connected with self-locking universal wheels 2. The rear side of the upper end of the bottom plate 1 is fixedly connected with a handrail 3. An elevating mechanism 4 is arranged on the upper end of the bottom plate 1. A first rotating cylinder 5 is rotatably arranged inside the elevating mechanism 4. The lower end of the first rotating cylinder 5 penetrates through the bottom plate 1 and is slidably connected to the bottom plate 1. A drill bit 18 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first rotating cylinder 5. A first circular hole 7 is formed on the circumferential surface of the first rotating cylinder 5. There are multiple circles of the first circular holes 7, and the multiple circles of the first circular holes 7 are equidistantly distributed along the axial direction of the first rotating cylinder 5. Each circle includes 3 to 6 first circular holes 7. In the embodiment drawings, there are 3. The 3 to 6 first circular holes 7 in each circle are evenly distributed along the circumference of the first rotating cylinder 5, and the positions of the multiple circles of the first circular holes 7 correspond to each other. Circular holes are arranged in multiple columns in a straight line on the outer shape of the first rotating cylinder 5; a first power mechanism 6 is arranged at the lower end of the elevating mechanism 4. The first power mechanism 6 is used to drive the first rotating cylinder 5 to rotate; multiple groups of sealing components 13 are correspondingly arranged inside the first rotating cylinder 5. The number of the sealing components 13 matches the number of columns of the first circular holes 7. Each group of sealing components 13 is arranged along each column of the first circular holes 7. A second power mechanism 9 is arranged at the upper end of the first rotating cylinder 5. The second power mechanism 9 is used to provide power for the multiple groups of sealing components 13. The sealing components 13 are used to seal the first circular holes 7; a support frame 19 is arranged at the upper end of the elevating mechanism 4. A wireless transmission module is installed on the upper end of the support frame 19. A second rotating cylinder 10 is rotatably connected inside the support frame 19. A third power mechanism 11 is arranged inside the second rotating cylinder 10. A pushing mechanism 14 and a probe 15 are arranged on the circumferential surface of the second rotating cylinder 10. The probe 15 corresponds to the first circular hole 7. The second rotating cylinder 10 is connected to the probe 15 through the pushing mechanism 14. The third power mechanism 11 is used to provide power for the pushing mechanism 14; a fourth power mechanism 12 is arranged inside the lower end of the support frame 19. The fourth power mechanism 12 is used to provide power for the rotation of the second rotating cylinder 10; the detection device further includes a positioning mechanism 8 that matches the number of the sealing components 13. A plurality of positioning mechanisms 8 are arranged in a circle at the upper end of the first rotating cylinder 5, and the plurality of positioning mechanisms 8 correspond to the plurality of sealing components 13 one by one.

[0039] During use, by pushing the armrest 3 and with the cooperation of the self-locking universal wheels 2, the device can be transferred to the farmland to be detected. Then, while the lifting mechanism 4 descends, the first power mechanism 6 also operates. At this time, with the cooperation of the drill bit 18, it is convenient for the first rotating cylinder 5 to penetrate into the soil. After the first rotating cylinder 5 penetrates into the soil, the second power mechanism 9 rotates forward, and at this time, the sealing assembly 13 is opened. After the sealing assembly 13 is opened, the fourth power mechanism 12 operates to drive the second rotating cylinder 10 to rotate, and with the cooperation of the positioning mechanism 8, the pushing mechanism 14 can be aligned with the first circular hole 7. After the pushing mechanism 14 is aligned with the first circular hole 7, the fourth power mechanism 12 stops working. Then, the third power mechanism 11 operates, and at this time, power can be provided to the pushing mechanism 14. Under the action of the pushing mechanism 14, the probe 15 can be extended out of the first circular cylinder and inserted into the soil. Since the probe 15 is an integrated GNSS positioning electrode array probe, the soil component data and the farmland coordinates at this location can be uploaded to the relevant platform through the wireless transmission module, thus realizing the automatic detection of soil component data.

[0040] An online automatic multi-depth soil component detection device provided by Embodiment 1, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 shown, the lifting mechanism 4 includes a first servo motor 401, a first guide rod 402, a moving plate 403, a first connecting plate 404 and a lead screw 405. The first connecting plate 404 is located at the top of the first rotating cylinder 5 and is parallel to the bottom plate 1. The first connecting plate 404 and the bottom plate 1 are fixedly connected by two first guide rods 402. The lead screw 405 is rotatably connected between the bottom plate 1 and the first connecting plate 404, and the lead screw 405 and the two first guide rods 402 are evenly distributed outside the circumference of the first rotating cylinder 5. The moving plate 403 is located between the first connecting plate 404 and the bottom plate 1. The moving plate 403 is slidably sleeved outside the first rotating cylinder 5 and is rotatably connected to the first rotating cylinder 5 through a conductive slip ring 16. A threaded hole corresponding to the lead screw 405 is provided on the moving plate 403, and guide holes corresponding to the two first guide rods 402 are opened on the moving plate 403. The moving plate 403 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 405 and slidably connected to the two first guide rods 402. The first servo motor 401 is fixed to the bottom end of the bottom plate 1, and the output shaft of the first servo motor 401 is fixedly connected to the lead screw 405. During operation, by controlling the first servo motor 401 to operate, at this time, with the cooperation of the lead screw 405, the moving plate 403 can be driven to slide on the first guide rod 405, thereby driving the first rotating cylinder 5 to move downward, which is convenient for the first rotating cylinder 5 to penetrate into the soil.

[0041] In Embodiment 1, as Figure 1As shown, the first power mechanism 6 is installed on the moving plate 403. Figure 6 As shown, the first power mechanism 6 includes a second servo motor 601, a first gear 602 and a first annular gear 603. The second servo motor 601 is fixed at the upper end of the moving plate 403. The output end of the second servo motor 601 passes through the lower end of the moving plate 403 and is rotatably connected to the moving plate 403. The output end of the second servo motor 601 is fixedly connected to the first gear 602. The circumferential surface of the first rotating cylinder 5 is fixedly connected to the first annular gear 603, and the first annular gear 603 is meshed with the first gear 602. When working, the second servo motor 601 works, and at this time, the first rotating cylinder 5 can be driven to rotate under the cooperation of the first gear 602 and the first annular gear 603, and then the first rotating cylinder 5 can be conveniently penetrated into the soil under the cooperation of the drill bit 18.

[0042] In the first embodiment, Figure 8 and Figure 10 As shown, the sealing assembly 13 includes a first threaded rod 1301 and a sealing plate 1302, the sealing plate 1302 is slidably connected to the inside of the first rotating cylinder 5, a plurality of second circular holes 1303 are opened on the vertical surface of the sealing plate 1302, and the second circular holes 1303 are opened on the vertical surface of the sealing plate 1302 and correspond to the first circular holes 7 one by one; the first threaded rod 1301 is rotatably connected to the inside of the upper end of the first rotating cylinder 5, and the first threaded rod 1301 and the sealing plate 1302 are threadedly connected; when working, in the initial state , the second circular hole 1303 of the sealing plate 1302 is completely staggered with the first circular hole 7, so that the sealing plate 1302 plays a sealing role, effectively preventing the soil from entering the first rotating cylinder 5 from the first circular hole 7 when the first rotating cylinder 5 penetrates into the soil, thereby improving the accuracy of detection; when in the detection state, the first threaded rod 1301 rotates forward, and at this time, the sealing plate 1302 can be driven to move upward, so that the second circular hole 1303 coincides with the first circular hole 7, so that it is convenient for the probe 15 to extend out of the first circular cylinder.

[0043] In the first embodiment, Figure 5 and Figure 8As shown, the second power mechanism 9 includes a mounting bracket 901, a third servo motor 902, a second gear 903, a rotating ring 904, a second ring gear 905, a third ring gear 906, and a third gear 907; a mounting bracket 901 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the first rotating cylinder 5, a third servo motor 902 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the mounting bracket 901, the output end of the third servo motor 902 penetrates through the upper end of the mounting bracket 901 and is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket 901, and the output end of the third servo motor 902 is fixedly connected to a second gear 903; a rotating ring 904 is rotatably connected to the upper circumferential surface of the first rotating cylinder 5, a second ring gear 905 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the rotating ring 904, and the second ring gear 905 meshes with the second gear 903; a third ring gear 906 is fixedly connected inside the rotating ring 904, a third gear 907 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first threaded rod 1301, and the third gear 907 meshes with the third ring gear 906. During operation, the third servo motor 902 operates. At this time, with the cooperation of the second gear 903, the rotating ring 904, the second ring gear 905, the third ring gear 906, and the third gear 907, the first threaded rod 1301 can be driven to rotate. When the first threaded rod 1301 rotates forward, the sealing plate 1302 can be driven to move upward, thereby achieving the purpose of opening; when the first threaded rod 1301 rotates reversely, the sealing plate 1302 is driven to move downward, thereby achieving the purpose of sealing.

[0044] In the first embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, a support frame 19 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the moving plate 403. As Figure 3 shown, the positioning mechanism 8 includes a fixing plate 801, a second guide rod 802, a compression spring 803, a second connecting plate 804, a sliding block 805, a positioning rod 806, a disc 807, and a positioning groove 808. A fixing plate 801 is fixedly connected to the vertical surface of the sealing plate 1302, a square hole 17 is formed in the circumferential surface of the first rotating cylinder 5, the fixing plate 801 is located inside the square hole 17 and is slidably connected to the square hole 17. A second guide rod 802 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixing plate 801, a second connecting plate 804 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second guide rod 802, a positioning rod 806 is slidably connected inside the second connecting plate 804, a sliding block 805 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the positioning rod 806, the sliding block 805 is slidably connected to the second guide rod 802, a compression spring 803 is arranged on the circumferential surface of the second guide rod 802, one end of the compression spring 803 is fixedly connected to the sliding block 805, and the other end of the compression spring 803 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 801; a disc 807 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the second rotating cylinder 10, a positioning groove 808 is formed in the lower end surface of the disc 807, and the positioning groove 808 cooperates with the positioning rod 806. As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the fourth power mechanism 12 includes a fifth servo motor 1201, a fourth gear 1202, and a fourth ring gear 1203. The upper end of the support frame 19 is fixedly connected to the fifth servo motor 1201. The output end of the fifth servo motor 1201 penetrates through the lower end of the support frame 19 and is rotatably connected to the support frame 19. The output end of the fifth servo motor 1201 is fixedly connected to the fourth gear 1202. The circumferential surface of the second rotating cylinder 10 is fixedly connected to the fourth ring gear 1203, and the fourth ring gear 1203 meshes with the fourth gear 1202.

[0045] During operation, when the sealing plate 1302 moves upward, the positioning rod 806 will be driven to move upward under the cooperation of the fixing plate 801. When the positioning rod 806 contacts the disk 807, as the sealing plate 1302 continues to move upward, it will squeeze the moving block 1403 to move downward on the second guide rod 802, thereby compressing the compression spring 803. After the first circular hole 7 and the second circular hole 1303 are completely aligned, the sealing plate 1302 will no longer move upward. Then the fifth servo motor 1201 operates. At this time, under the cooperation of the fourth gear 1202 and the fourth ring gear 1203, the second rotating cylinder 10 can be driven to rotate, thereby driving the disk 807 to rotate. When the positioning groove 808 coincides with the positioning rod 806, under the action of the compression spring 803, it is convenient for the positioning rod 806 to be inserted into the positioning groove 808 to achieve the purpose of positioning. After the positioning rod 806 is inserted, the fifth servo motor 1201 will stop operating. After positioning is completed, the pushing mechanism 14 is aligned with the first circular hole 7, so that it is convenient for the pushing mechanism 14 to push the probe 15 out of the first rotating cylinder 5.

[0046] In the first embodiment, as Figure 7 and Figure 11As shown in the figure, the pushing mechanism 14 includes a support frame 1401, a second threaded rod 1402, a moving block 1403, a fixed cylinder 1404, a limiting hole 1405 and a limiting block 1406. The inner wall of the second rotating cylinder 10 is fixedly connected with the support frame 1401. The second threaded rod 1402 is rotatably connected inside the support frame 1401. The circumferential surface of the second threaded rod 1402 is threadedly connected with the moving block 1403. A fixed cylinder 1404 is fixedly connected inside the second rotating cylinder 10. The moving block 1403 is located inside the fixed cylinder 1404 and is slidably connected with the fixed cylinder 1404. The moving block 1403 is fixedly connected with the probe 15. The circumferential surface of the fixed cylinder 1404 is provided with a limiting hole 1405. The limiting block 1406 is slidably connected inside the limiting hole 1405. The limiting block 1406 is fixedly connected with the moving block 1403. The third power mechanism 11 includes a fourth servo motor 1101, a rotating shaft 1102, a first bevel gear 1103 and a second bevel gear 1104. The rotating shaft 1102 is rotatably connected inside the second rotating cylinder 10. The circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 1102 is fixedly connected with the first bevel gear 1103. One end of the second threaded rod 1402 close to the rotating shaft 1102 is fixedly connected with the second bevel gear 1104. The second bevel gear 1104 meshes with the first bevel gear 1103. The fourth servo motor 1101 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second rotating cylinder 10. The output end of the fourth servo motor 1101 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 1102. During operation, the fourth servo motor 1101 rotates forward, thereby driving the rotating shaft 1102 to rotate. Then, with the cooperation of the first bevel gear 1103 and the second bevel gear 1104, the second threaded rod 1402 can be driven to rotate forward. As the second threaded rod 1402 rotates forward, at this time, with the cooperation of the limiting hole 1405 and the limiting block 1406, the moving block 1403 can be driven to slide inside the fixed cylinder 1404, so that the moving block 1403 moves outward. As the moving block 1403 extends out, at this time, the probe 15 is also driven to move outward, so that the probe 15 extends out of the first rotating cylinder 5, which facilitates the probe 15 to be inserted into the soil to realize the detection of the soil components.

[0047] A multi-depth soil component on-line automatic detection method provided by Embodiment 2 is used to detect by using the multi-depth soil component on-line automatic detection device described in Embodiment 1, and includes the following steps:

[0048] S1: Transfer the device to the farmland to be detected;

[0049] S2: The first power mechanism 6 and the lifting mechanism 4 work simultaneously, and with the cooperation of the drill bit 18, the first rotating cylinder 5 is inserted deep into the soil. Before the first rotating cylinder 5 is inserted into the soil, the sealing component 13 closes the first circular hole 7;

[0050] S3. After the first rotating cylinder 5 completely enters the soil, the second power mechanism 9 operates to align the second circular hole 1303 of the sealing assembly 13 with the first circular hole 7.

[0051] S4: The fourth power mechanism 12 operates to drive the disc 807 to rotate. After the positioning grooves 808 of the positioning rods 806 coincide, under the action of the compression springs 803, the positioning rods 806 are inserted into the interior of the positioning grooves 808, thereby aligning the pushing mechanism 14 with the first circular hole 7.

[0052] S5: The third power mechanism 11 operates to provide power to the pushing mechanism 14, enabling the pushing mechanism 14 to push the probe 15 out of the first rotating cylinder 5 and insert it into the soil. Since the pushing mechanism 14 is vertically distributed, simultaneous detection of soil at multiple depths can be achieved.

[0053] S6: The data detected by the probe 15 is transmitted outward through the wireless transmission module.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An online automatic detection device for soil components at multiple depths, comprising a bottom plate (1), characterized in that: The four corners of the lower end of the base plate (1) are fixedly connected with self-locking universal wheels (2); the rear side of the upper end of the base plate (1) is fixedly connected with a handrail (3); a lifting mechanism (4) is arranged on the base plate (1); a first rotating cylinder (5) is rotatably arranged inside the lifting mechanism (4); the lower end of the first rotating cylinder (5) passes through the base plate (1) and is slidably connected to the base plate (1); a drill bit (18) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first rotating cylinder (5); a plurality of first circular holes (7) are opened on the circumferential surface of the first rotating cylinder (5); and the plurality of first circular holes (7) are arranged along the The first rotating cylinder (5) is axially and circumferentially distributed, the lower end of the lifting mechanism (4) is provided with a first power mechanism (6), the first power mechanism (6) is used to drive the first rotating cylinder (5) to rotate; a sealing assembly (13) is provided inside the first rotating cylinder (5), and the upper end of the first rotating cylinder (5) is provided with a second power mechanism (9), the second power mechanism (9) is used to provide power to the sealing assembly (13), and the sealing assembly (13) closes or opens the first circular hole (7) on the first rotating cylinder (5) under the action of the second power mechanism (9); A support frame (19) is provided at the upper end of the lifting mechanism (4), and a wireless transmission module is installed at the upper end of the support frame (19). A second rotating cylinder (10) is rotatably connected inside the support frame (19), and a fourth power mechanism (12) is provided inside the lower end of the support frame (19). The fourth power mechanism (12) is used to provide power for the rotation of the second rotating cylinder (10); a third power mechanism (11) is provided inside the second rotating cylinder (10), and a group of pushing mechanisms (14) and probes (15) are provided at the position corresponding to each first circular hole (7) on the second rotating cylinder (10). The third power mechanism (11) provides power to multiple groups of pushing mechanisms (14) at the same time, and pushes the corresponding probes (15) out of the first rotating cylinder (5) through the first circular hole (7) through the pushing mechanisms (14), and the multiple groups of probes (15) transmit detection signals through the wireless transmission module.

2. The multi-depth soil composition online automatic detection device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The lifting mechanism (4) comprises a first servo motor (401), a first guide rod (402), a movable plate (403), a first connecting plate (404) and a screw rod (405); the first connecting plate (404) is located at the top of the first rotating cylinder (5) and is parallel to the bottom plate (1); the first connecting plate (404) and the bottom plate (1) are fixedly connected via two first guide rods (402); the screw rod (405) is rotatably connected between the bottom plate (1) and the first connecting plate (404); the screw rod (405) and the two first guide rods (402) are evenly distributed outside the circumference of the first rotating cylinder 5; the movable plate (403) is located at the first connecting plate (404) Between the base plate (1), the movable plate (403) is slidably sleeved on the outside of the first rotating cylinder (5) and is rotatably connected to the first rotating cylinder (5) through a conductive slip ring (16); a threaded hole is provided on the movable plate (403) at a position corresponding to the screw rod (405); guide holes are opened on the movable plate (403) at positions corresponding to the two first guide rods (402); the movable plate (403) is threadedly connected to the screw rod (405) and is slidably connected to the two first guide rods (402); the first servo motor (401) is fixed to the bottom end of the base plate 1, and the output shaft of the first servo motor (401) is fixedly connected to the screw rod (405); the upper end of the movable plate (403) is fixedly connected to the support frame (19).

3. The multi-depth soil composition online automatic detection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first circular holes (7) are provided with a plurality of circles, and the plurality of circles of first circular holes (7) are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the first rotating cylinder (5), and each circle includes 3 to 6 first circular holes (7), and the 3 to 6 first circular holes (7) in each circle are evenly distributed along the circumference of the first rotating cylinder 5, and the positions of the plurality of circles of first circular holes (7) correspond to each other, and the outer shape of the first rotating cylinder (5) is a plurality of rows of circular holes distributed in a straight line; the sealing assembly (13) is provided with a plurality of groups, and each group of sealing assemblies (13) is arranged along each row of first circular holes (7), and each group of sealing assemblies (13) includes a first threaded rod (1301) and a sealing plate (1302), and the sealing plate (1302) is slidably connected to the sealing plate (1301). The sealing plate (1302) is rotatably connected to the inside of the first rotating cylinder (5), and a plurality of second circular holes (1303) corresponding to the first circular holes (7) are formed on a vertical surface of the sealing plate (1302); the first threaded rod (1301) is rotatably connected to the inside of the upper end of the first rotating cylinder (5), and the first threaded rod (1301) and the sealing plate (1302) are threadedly connected; the second power mechanism (9) is transmission-connected to the first threaded rod (1301) of each group of sealing assemblies (13) through a transmission mechanism, and controls the first threaded rod (1301) of each group of sealing assemblies (13) to rotate, thereby driving the sealing plate (1302) to move up and down to open or close the first circular hole (7).

4. The multi-depth soil composition online automatic detection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The ejection mechanism (14) comprises a support frame (1401), a second threaded rod (1402), a moving block (1403), a fixed cylinder (1404), a limiting hole (1405) and a limiting block (1406); the inner wall of the second rotating cylinder (10) is fixedly connected to the support frame (1401); the interior of the support frame (1401) is rotatably connected to the second threaded rod (1402); the circumferential surface of the second threaded rod (1402) is threadedly connected to the moving block (1403); the second rotating cylinder (10) 10) is fixedly connected with a fixed cylinder (1404) inside, the movable block (1403) is located inside the fixed cylinder (1404) and is slidably connected to the fixed cylinder (1404), and the movable block (1403) is fixedly connected to the probe (15); a limiting hole (1405) is provided on the circumferential surface of the fixed cylinder (1404), a limiting block (1406) is slidably connected inside the limiting hole (1405), and the limiting block (1406) is fixedly connected to the movable block (1403).

5. The multi-depth soil composition online automatic detection device according to claim 2 is characterized by: The first power mechanism (6) comprises a second servo motor (601), a first gear (602) and a first annular gear (603); the upper end of the movable plate (403) is fixedly connected to the second servo motor (601); the output end of the second servo motor (601) passes through the lower end of the movable plate (403) and is rotatably connected to the movable plate (403); the output end of the second servo motor (601) is fixedly connected to the first gear (602); the circumferential surface of the first rotating cylinder (5) is fixedly connected to the first annular gear (603), and the first annular gear (603) is meshed with the first gear (602).

6. The multi-depth soil composition online automatic detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fourth power mechanism (12) comprises a fifth servo motor (1201), a fourth gear (1202) and a fourth ring gear (1203); the upper end of the support frame (19) is fixedly connected with the fifth servo motor (1201); the output end of the fifth servo motor (1201) passes through the lower end of the support frame (19) and is rotatably connected to the support frame (19); the output end of the fifth servo motor (1201) is fixedly connected with the fourth gear (1202); the circumferential surface of the second rotating cylinder (10) is fixedly connected with the fourth ring gear (1203), and the fourth ring gear (1203) is meshed with the fourth gear (1202).

7. The multi-depth soil composition online automatic detection device according to claim 3 is characterized by: The second power mechanism (9) comprises a mounting frame (901), a third servo motor (902), a second gear (903), a rotating ring (904), a second annular gear (905), a third annular gear (906) and a third gear (907); the circumferential surface of the first rotating cylinder (5) is fixedly connected to the mounting frame (901); the lower end of the mounting frame (901) is fixedly connected to the third servo motor (902); the output end of the third servo motor (902) passes through the upper end of the mounting frame (901) and is rotatably connected to the mounting frame (901); the third servo motor (902) 02) is fixedly connected to the output end thereof with a second gear (903); the circumferential surface of the upper end of the first rotating cylinder (5) is rotatably connected to a rotating ring (904), the circumferential surface of the rotating ring (904) is fixedly connected to a second annular gear (905), and the second annular gear (905) meshes with the second gear (903); the interior of the rotating ring (904) is fixedly connected to a third annular gear (906), and the upper end of the first threaded rod (1301) of each set of sealing assemblies (13) is fixedly connected to a third gear (907), and the third gear (907) meshes with the third annular gear (906).

8. The multi-depth soil composition online automatic detection device according to claim 3 is characterized by: The detection device also includes a positioning mechanism (8) matching the number of sealing assemblies (13), the positioning mechanism (8) is arranged around the upper end of the first rotating cylinder (5) and corresponds to the multiple groups of sealing assemblies (13) one by one; the positioning mechanism (8) includes a fixed plate (801), a second guide rod (802), a compression spring (803), a second connecting plate (804), a sliding block (805), a positioning rod (806), a disc (807) and a positioning groove (808), the sealing plate (1302) is vertically fixedly connected to the fixed plate (801), the circumferential surface of the first rotating cylinder (5) is provided with a square hole (17), the fixed plate (801) is located inside the square hole (17) and is slidably connected to the square hole (17), the upper end of the fixed plate (801) is fixedly connected to the second guide rod (802), the upper end of the second guide rod (802) is fixedly connected with a second connecting plate (804), the second connecting plate (804) is slidably connected with a positioning rod (806), the lower end of the positioning rod (806) is fixedly connected with a sliding block (805), the sliding block (805) and the second guide rod (802) are slidably connected, the circumferential surface of the second guide rod (802) is provided with a compression spring (803), one end of the compression spring (803) is fixedly connected with the sliding block (805), and the other end of the compression spring (803) is fixedly connected with the fixed plate (801); the circumferential surface of the second rotating cylinder (10) is fixedly connected with a disk (807), the lower end surface of the disk (807) is provided with a positioning groove (808), and the positioning groove (808) cooperates with the positioning rod (806).

9. The multi-depth soil composition online automatic detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The third power mechanism (11) comprises a fourth servomotor (1101), a rotating shaft (1102), a first bevel gear (1103) and a second bevel gear (1104); the second rotating cylinder (10) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (1102) inside, and the rotating shaft (1102) is fixedly connected to the first bevel gear (1103) on the circumferential surface corresponding to each group of ejection mechanisms (14); the second threaded rod (1402) of each group of ejection mechanisms (14) is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear (1104) at one end close to the rotating shaft (1102), and the second bevel gear (1104) is meshed with the first bevel gear (1103); the upper end of the second rotating cylinder (10) is fixedly connected to the fourth servomotor (1101), and the output end of the fourth servomotor (1101) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (1102).

10. A multi-depth soil composition online automatic detection method, characterized in that: Using the multi-depth soil composition online automatic detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 specifically comprises the following steps: S1: Transfer the device to the farmland to be tested; S2: The first power mechanism and the lifting mechanism work simultaneously, and with the cooperation of the drill bit, the first rotating cylinder is driven deep into the soil. In the process of the first rotating cylinder being driven deep into the soil, the sealing assembly closes the first circular hole. S3: After the first rotating drum completely enters the soil, the second power mechanism drives the sealing assembly to move and open the first circular hole; S4: The third power mechanism works to provide power to the push mechanism, so that the push mechanism pushes the probe out of the first rotating cylinder and inserts it into the soil. Since the first circular holes are distributed along the axial direction of the first rotating cylinder, and each first circular hole is provided with a set of push mechanisms and probes, simultaneous detection of soils at different depths can be achieved; S5: The data detected by the probe is transmitted outward through the wireless transmission module.

Images