Bubble density reduction bridge pier active anti-collision system for offshore sea bridge

Abstract

The invention relates to a bubble density reduction bridge pier active anti-collision system for an offshore sea area bridge, which comprises a bridge pier, and further comprises a bubble generating device and a monitoring device, the monitoring device is arranged on the bridge pier, the bubble generating device is arranged within 500m around the bridge pier, and the bubble generating device is arranged at a position 15-40m below the water surface. According to the invention, a small ship is forced to stop at the fastest speed; the course of a large ship is corrected, destructive collision between the ship and a bridge is avoided, and after the ship stops or the course of the ship is changed, damage and casualties of the ship and personnel are reduced to the minimum.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of bridge engineering safety emergency, and more specifically, to an active anti-collision system for bubble density-reducing bridge piers facing offshore bridges. Background Art

[0002] China's infrastructure has developed rapidly, including a large number of viaducts and cross-sea and cross-river bridges. As the key load-bearing structures of these bridges, bridge piers are easily affected by vehicle and ship collisions. Once the bridge piers are damaged, it often leads to serious consequences and may even cause the collapse of the entire bridge. Therefore, the research on anti-collision theories and devices for bridge piers is becoming increasingly important. Currently, in order to protect bridge piers from ship impacts, mainly by setting relevant anti-collision structures on the bridge piers or setting active anti-collision systems on the ships to reduce losses.

[0003] Different from the usage scenarios of urban and inland waterway bridges, the offshore waterways are busy with passing ships, and there are many large cargo ships with deep drafts and high deadweights. Once out of control, their bad postures can hardly be forced to stop by external forces, and the effects of using conventional passive anti-collision walls, anti-collision piers and other measures are poor. Moreover, the construction environment in the offshore sea area is harsh, and the cost of passive anti-collision piers, walls and other additional artificial structures is high and the adaptability is extremely low.

[0004] On the other hand, the resistance of a sailing ship is mainly affected by the water body blocked directly in front and the frictional resistance of the flowing-around water body. If a large number of bubbles are released into a certain area of seawater, the average density of the mixed liquid in this area will decrease due to the presence of bubbles, causing heavy objects to sink, resulting in an increase in the ship's draft, greatly increasing the drainage resistance of the water body directly in front of the ship, reducing the ship's speed and assisting the ship to turn while reducing the ship's speed, which is a suitable technology for actively regulating the traveling posture of the ship. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an active anti-collision system for bubble density-reducing bridge piers facing offshore bridges, which can quickly stop small ships at the fastest speed; for large ships, correct their headings to avoid a devastating impact between the ship and the bridge.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: to construct an active anti-collision system for bubble density-reducing bridge piers facing offshore bridges, the peripheral area of the radius of the bridge pier is the monitoring area, and it further includes a bubble generating device and a monitoring device, the monitoring device is arranged on the bridge pier, and the bubble generating device is arranged in the monitoring area.

[0007] According to the above solution, the bubble generating device is at a position 15 - 40 m below the water surface.

[0008] According to the above solution, the monitoring area is within a range of 500 m from the radius of the pier, and the bubble generating devices are evenly arranged within the monitoring area.

[0009] According to the above solution, the bubble generating device is a foaming device that can be thrown, sink, and orderly release foaming chemicals into the sea water.

[0010] According to the above solution, the bubble generating device is a large underwater gas storage tank that can be remotely controlled and orderly release a large amount of gas.

[0011] According to the above solution, the bubble generating device is a bubble disperser connected with a gas pipeline.

[0012] According to the above solution, the monitoring device includes a displacement sensor, a controller of the bubble generating device, and a ship draft depth detector; the displacement sensor is arranged in the upper middle part of the above-water part of the pier, the controller of the bubble generating device is arranged at the same position as the displacement sensor, and the ship draft depth detector is installed on the bubble generating device.

[0013] According to the above solution, the displacement sensor is used to monitor the distance between the navigating ship and the pier, and trigger the operation of the controller when the ship sails into the dangerous area.

[0014] According to the above solution, the controller of the bubble generating device controls the operation of the bubble generating device to generate bubbles acting on the ship.

[0015] According to the above solution, the ship draft depth detector runs in real time, is used to monitor the ship draft depth, and control the amount of bubbles generated.

[0016] Implementing the active anti-collision system for bubble density reduction piers of bridges facing the offshore sea areas of the present invention has the following

[0017] Beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. In the present invention, when a small ship sails into the dangerous area of the pier, it triggers the continuous generation of bubbles in the water area where the ship is located. The bubbles float to the water surface to reduce the average density of the water body, forcing the ship to draw deeper water and causing the ship to sink, so as to quickly stop the out-of-control ship at the fastest speed;

[0019] 2. In the present invention, when a large ship sails into the dangerous area of the pier, according to the estimated route of the out-of-control ship, it triggers the continuous generation of bubbles in a specific unilateral water area where the ship is located. The bubbles float to the water surface to reduce the average density of the water body, forcing the ship to draw deeper water unilaterally, so as to quickly correct the out-of-control ship at the fastest speed and avoid a devastating collision between the ship and the bridge;

[0020] 3. In the present invention, after the ship stops or changes its course, the damage and casualties of the ship and personnel are minimized. Starting from the source of the collision, the damage to the bridge is minimized. It only needs to set up a bubble generating device around the pier, which has strong feasibility and is easy to operate. By setting up a monitoring device to control the amount of bubbles generated and the draft of the ship, the safety of the ship and personnel is ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the monitored waters of the bubble density reduction pier active anti-collision system of the present invention for bridges in offshore waters;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the bubble generating device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the monitor of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a ship traveling into the monitored waters of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the small ship's draft decreasing and being forced to stop after the bubbles are generated in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the bubble deviation correction structure of a large ship after it gets out of control and deviates from the normal waterway line in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the ship's attitude during the medium bubble deviation correction in the present invention;

[0029] In the figures: 1. Pier, 2. Boundary line of dangerous waters, 3. Bubbles, 4. Ship, 5. Bubble generating device, 6. Monitoring device, 7. Waterway line, 8. Original travel trajectory, 9. Corrected travel trajectory. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0030] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives and effects of the present invention, the specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0031] The active anti-collision system for bubble density-reducing bridge piers facing offshore waters of the present invention includes: bridge pier 1, dangerous water area boundary line 2, bubbles 3, ship 4, bubble generating device 5, monitoring device 6, shipping lane line 7, original travel trajectory 8, and corrected travel trajectory 9. The monitoring device 6 is arranged on the bridge pier 1, and the bubble generating device 5 is arranged within the monitoring area. The bubble generating device 5 is at a position 15 - 40 m below the water surface. The monitoring area is within a range of 500 m of the bridge pier radius, and the bubble generating devices 5 are evenly arranged within the monitoring area. The monitoring device 6 includes a displacement sensor, a bubble generating device controller, and a ship draft detector. The installation position of the displacement sensor should avoid obstacles to ensure clear monitoring of the passage of ships, such as the upper-middle part of the above-water part of the bridge pier; the bubble generating device controller and the displacement sensor are arranged at the same position; the ship draft detector is installed on the bubble generating device, jointly forming a monitoring system.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, the monitoring device 6 is arranged around the bridge pier 1, and the monitoring area is within 500 m around the radius range of the bridge pier 1.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 2 shown, the bubble generating device 5 is at a position 30 m below the water surface and is arranged throughout the area within 500 m around the bridge pier 1, that is, it is arranged throughout the dangerous area and within 50 m outside the dangerous area, and is evenly arranged. The bubble generating device 5 includes, but is not limited to, a foaming device that can be thrown, sink, and orderly release foaming chemical agents into seawater, or a large underwater gas storage tank that can be remotely controlled and orderly release a large amount of gas, or a bubble disperser connected with a gas pipeline, etc.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 3 shown, the monitoring device 6 is arranged on the bridge pier 1. The monitoring device 6 includes a displacement sensor, a bubble generating device controller, and a ship draft detector. The displacement sensor is used to monitor the distance between the navigating ship 4 and the bridge pier 1. When the ship 4 travels to the dangerous area, it triggers the operation of the controller. The controller controls the operation of the bubble generating device 5 to generate bubbles 3 acting on the ship 4. The ship draft detector of the ship 4 operates in real time to monitor the ship draft of the ship 4, control the generation amount of bubbles 3, ensure the safety of the ship 4, and achieve the purpose of anti-collision. It is used to monitor the ship draft and, on the premise of ensuring that the ship does not capsize or sink, determine the safe ship draft of this ship type. Within the safe draft line, according to the change in the ship draft, the bubble generating device controller receives the feedback and thus controls the generation amount of bubbles to ensure the safety of the ship and achieve the purpose of anti-collision.

[0035] The bubble generating device 5 uses physical and chemical methods to generate specified volumes of bubbles at a certain water depth, and the size of the rising bubbles can be controlled by the aperture size of the bubble generating device.

[0036] According to "Ship Hydrostatics" and "Principles of Ship Design", the condition for a ship to be in equilibrium in still water is that the gravity is equal to the buoyancy force F 浮 = G,

[0037] where F 浮 = ρgV 排 , V 排 = LBdC B ,

[0038] L is the length between perpendiculars, B is the molded breadth, d is the draft, and C B is the block coefficient.

[0039] The volume of the bubbles

[0040] The total volume of the bubbles V 总气泡 = NV 气泡 ,

[0041] The total volume of displacement V 水 , the density of the bubble-water mixture

[0042] Then

[0043] Embodiment

[0044] For a simple calculation of a 100,000-ton ship, this ship carries 140,000 tons of cargo and has a low-speed ship type, that is, its block coefficient C B = 0.78, the overall length L = 323m, the molded breadth B = 37m, the molded depth H = 10.7m, the water density ρ 水 = 1020 kg / m 3 , the bubbles are assumed to be CO2, and its density is ρ 气 = 1.98 kg / m 3 , then the draft d1 of this ship is 8.26m. Assuming the maximum draft d max = 9.5m, then the water density drops to ρ 泡混 = 870 kg / m 3 , the bubble radius is assumed to be r 气泡 = 1cm, V 气泡 = 4.2×10 -6 m 3 , then the number of r 3 = 1cm bubbles required in 1dm 气泡 of water is N = 36.

[0045] In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 4As shown, for a small ship 4, when it sails into the dangerous area of the bridge pier 1, the bubble generating device 5 operates to generate a large number of bubbles 3 acting on the ship 4.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 5 shown, the draft of the ship 4 increases, so it stops sailing. The ship 4 is forced to stop, protecting the bridge pier 1 from being impacted. After adjusting its attitude, it can continue to sail.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 6 shown, for a large ship 4, when it sails into the dangerous area of the bridge pier 1, according to the estimated route of the out-of-control ship 4, the bubble generating device 5 is triggered to operate, and bubbles 3 are continuously generated in a specific water area on one side of the ship 4. The bubbles 3 float to the water surface to reduce the average density of the water body, forcing the draft on one side of the ship 4 to become deeper, causing the hull to tilt slightly, making its route actively move away from the side without bubbles, and turning from the original travel trajectory 8 to the corrected travel trajectory 9, so as to correct the out-of-control ship at the fastest speed and protect the water area of the bridge pier 1 from being impacted.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 7 shown, after bubbles 3 are generated in a specific water area on one side of the ship 4, at this time, the ship 4 is subjected to a great unilateral self-weight deflection force and drifts towards the side where the bubbles 3 are generated, thus returning to the normal route and avoiding a devastating impact.

[0049] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments. The above specific embodiments are merely illustrative rather than restrictive. Under the inspiration of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make many forms without departing from the spirit and scope protected by the claims of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An active anti-collision system for bubble density reduction piers for offshore bridges, wherein the outer area of ​​the pier radius is the monitoring area, characterized in that: It also includes a bubble generating device and a monitoring device. The monitoring device is arranged on the bridge pier, and the bubble generating device is arranged in the monitoring area.

2. The bubble density reduction bridge pier active anti-collision system for offshore bridges according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bubble generating device is located 15-40m below the water surface.

3. The bubble density reduction bridge pier active anti-collision system for offshore bridges according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The monitoring area is within a radius of 500m from the bridge pier, and the bubble generating devices are evenly arranged within the monitoring area.

4. The bubble density reduction pier active anti-collision system for offshore bridges according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bubble generating device is a bubble generating device which can throw, sink and orderly release bubble-making chemicals into seawater.

5. The bubble density reduction bridge pier active anti-collision system for offshore bridges according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bubble generating device is a large-volume seabed gas storage box capable of remotely controlling and orderly releasing a large amount of gas.

6. The bubble density reduction pier active anti-collision system for offshore bridges according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bubble generating device is a bubble disperser connected to a gas delivery pipeline.

7. The bubble density reduction bridge pier active collision avoidance system for offshore bridges according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The monitoring device includes a displacement sensor, a bubble generating device controller and a ship draft depth detector; the displacement sensor is arranged at the middle and upper part of the above-water part of the bridge pier, the bubble generating device controller and the displacement sensor are arranged at the same position, and the ship draft depth detector is installed on the bubble generating device.

8. The bubble density reduction active anti-collision system for offshore bridges according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The displacement sensor is used to monitor the distance between the sailing ship and the bridge pier, and triggers the controller to operate when the ship travels to a dangerous area.

9. The bubble density reduction bridge pier active anti-collision system for offshore bridges according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The bubble generating device controller controls the bubble generating device to operate, generating bubbles to act on the ship.

10. The bubble density reduction active anti-collision system for offshore bridges according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The ship draft depth detector operates in real time and is used to monitor the ship draft depth and control the amount of bubble generation.

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