Anti-surge circuit and energy storage device

Abstract

The invention relates to an anti-surge circuit and an energy storage device. The anti-surge circuit comprises an energy storage starting unit, a main circuit switch unit, a surge switch unit, an anti-surge unit, a surge self-locking unit and an auxiliary power supply. Wherein the energy storage starting unit is used for controlling the conduction of the main circuit switch unit when an input power supply is connected, so as to connect a path between the input power supply and a load through the main circuit switch unit. Under the condition that the input voltage of the input power supply is greater than the preset voltage, the surge switch unit obtains the surge voltage of the first connection part, the surge switch unit is controlled to be switched on through the surge voltage, the main circuit switch unit is controlled to be switched off through the surge switch unit, and the surge self-locking unit is controlled to be switched on through the cooperation of the surge voltage and the auxiliary power supply; therefore, the surge self-locking unit outputs a control signal to the surge switch unit, and the surge switch unit is maintained to be conducted through the control signal. By adopting the anti-surge circuit, the safety can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electric power, and particularly relates to a surge protection circuit and an energy storage device. Background Art

[0002] The causes of surge phenomena in the power field are complex and diverse. For example, atmospheric overvoltage caused by lightning strikes, short circuits in power equipment failures, ground faults, etc. may all generate surge phenomena. Therefore, circuits are often affected by surge phenomena during actual use. Surge phenomena can cause instantaneous large voltage or current fluctuations, which can not only lead to circuit failures but also may trigger safety accidents. Therefore, how to provide a surge protection circuit is a key technical problem in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on this, in view of the above technical problems, it is necessary to provide a surge protection circuit and an energy storage device that can improve safety.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a surge protection circuit, including:

[0005] An energy storage starting unit connected to an input power supply;

[0006] A main circuit switch unit, the input end of the main circuit switch unit is connected to the energy storage starting unit, the output end of the main circuit switch unit is connected to a load, and the energy storage starting unit is used to control the main circuit switch unit to conduct when the input power supply is connected, so as to connect the path between the input power supply and the load through the main circuit switch unit;

[0007] A surge switch unit and a surge protection unit, the surge switch unit is respectively connected to the first end of the surge protection unit, the input power supply and the main circuit switch unit, and the second end of the surge protection unit is connected to the load;

[0008] A surge self-locking unit and an auxiliary power supply, the surge self-locking unit is respectively connected to the input power supply, a first connection point and the auxiliary power supply, and the first connection point is the connection point between the input power supply and the first end of the surge protection unit;

[0009] When the input voltage of the input power supply is greater than a preset voltage, the surge switch unit obtains the surge voltage at the first connection point, controls the surge switch unit to conduct through the surge voltage, so as to control the main circuit switch unit to disconnect through the surge switch unit, and controls the surge self-locking unit to conduct through the cooperation of the surge voltage and the auxiliary power supply, so that the surge self-locking unit outputs a control signal to the surge switch unit, and maintains the conduction of the surge switch unit through the control signal.

[0010] In one embodiment, the surge self-locking unit includes a transistor sub-unit and a first switch sub-unit; a first end of the first switch sub-unit is connected to a first connection point, a second end of the first switch sub-unit is connected to the transistor sub-unit and the surge switch unit, and the transistor sub-unit is also connected to an auxiliary power supply;

[0011] When the input voltage is greater than a preset voltage, the first switch sub-unit is controlled to conduct through the surge voltage, and the transistor sub-unit is controlled to conduct through the auxiliary power supply and the conduction of the first switch sub-unit. When the transistor sub-unit conducts, a control signal is output to the surge switch unit.

[0012] In one embodiment, the transistor sub-unit includes a first transistor and a second transistor; the first switch sub-unit includes a first zener diode;

[0013] The emitter of the first transistor and the collector of the second transistor are both connected to the auxiliary power supply. The base of the first transistor is connected to the collector of the second transistor. The base of the second transistor is respectively connected to the positive electrode of the first zener diode and a second connection point. The negative electrode of the first zener diode is connected to the first connection point. The collector of the first transistor and the emitter of the second transistor are both grounded; the second connection point is the connection point between the first connection point and the surge switch unit.

[0014] In one embodiment, the surge switch unit includes a third transistor; the collector of the third transistor is connected to the input power supply and the main circuit switch unit. The base of the third transistor is connected to the surge protection unit. The emitter of the third transistor is grounded.

[0015] In one embodiment, the main circuit switch unit includes a fourth transistor; the gate of the fourth transistor is connected to the collector of the third transistor. The source of the fourth transistor is connected to the input power supply. The drain of the fourth transistor is connected to the load.

[0016] In one embodiment, the energy storage startup unit includes a charging sub-unit and a second switch sub-unit. The charging sub-unit and the second switch sub-unit are connected in parallel across the input power supply, and the main circuit switch unit is respectively connected to both ends of the charging sub-unit;

[0017] The input power supply is used to charge the charging sub-unit. When the voltage across the charging sub-unit is greater than a preset charging voltage, the charging sub-unit controls the main circuit switch unit to conduct.

[0018] In one embodiment, the charging sub-unit includes an energy storage element, and the second switch sub-unit includes a second zener diode;

[0019] Both ends of the energy storage element are connected to the input power supply. The positive and negative electrodes of the second zener diode are respectively connected to the negative and positive electrodes of the input power supply, and the main circuit switch unit is respectively connected to both ends of the energy storage element.

[0020] In one embodiment, the surge protection circuit further includes at least one of the following:

[0021] A first resistor; the first resistor is respectively connected to the input power supply and the negative electrode of the second voltage stabilizing diode;

[0022] A second resistor; the second resistor is respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the second voltage stabilizing diode.

[0023] In one embodiment, when the input voltage of the input power supply is greater than a preset voltage, the surge protection unit is controlled to fuse by the input voltage.

[0024] In a second aspect, the present application further provides an energy storage device, which includes the surge protection circuit of any one of the above.

[0025] In the above-mentioned surge protection circuit and energy storage device, the surge protection circuit includes an energy storage starting unit, a main circuit switch unit, a surge switch unit, a surge protection unit, a surge self-locking unit, and an auxiliary power supply. Among them, the energy storage starting unit is connected to the input power supply, the input end of the main circuit switch unit is connected to the energy storage starting unit, and the output end of the main circuit switch unit is connected to the load. The surge switch unit is respectively connected to the first end of the surge protection unit, the input power supply, and the main circuit switch unit. The second end of the surge protection unit is connected to the load. The surge self-locking unit is respectively connected to the input power supply, the first connection point, and the auxiliary power supply. The first connection point is the connection point between the input power supply and the first end of the surge protection unit.

[0026] Further, the energy storage starting unit is used to control the main circuit switch unit to conduct when accessing the input power supply, so as to connect the path between the input power supply and the load through the main circuit switch unit. Since when the input voltage of the input power supply is greater than the preset voltage, the surge switch unit can obtain the surge voltage at the first connection point, therefore, the surge switch unit can be controlled to conduct by the surge voltage, and the main circuit switch unit can be controlled to disconnect by the surge switch unit. In this way, when a surge occurs, the path between the input power supply and the load can be timely disconnected through the main circuit switch unit, improving safety. Further, since the surge self-locking unit can be controlled to conduct through the cooperation of the surge voltage and the auxiliary power supply, so that the surge self-locking unit outputs a control signal to the surge switch unit and maintains the conduction of the surge switch unit through the control signal, therefore, even if the input voltage of the input power supply returns to normal after a surge occurs, the path between the input power supply and the load will still be disconnected, further improving safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a surge protection circuit in one embodiment;

[0028] Figure 2Schematic diagram of a surge self-locking unit in an embodiment;

[0029] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of another surge protection circuit in an embodiment;

[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of an energy storage starting unit in an embodiment;

[0031] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of an energy storage device in an embodiment.

[0032] Description of reference numerals:

[0033] 101 - Input power supply, 102 - Load, 200 - Surge protection circuit, 201 - Energy storage starting unit, 2011 - Charging sub-unit, 2012 - Second switch sub-unit, 202 - Main circuit switch unit, 203 - Surge switch unit, 204 - Surge protection unit, 205 - Surge self-locking unit, 2051 - First switch sub-unit, 2052 - Transistor sub-unit, 206 - Auxiliary power supply, 207 - Filter unit, 500 - Energy storage device. Detailed implementation manners

[0034] The serial numbers assigned to the components in this article, such as "first", "second", etc., are only used to distinguish the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meanings. The "connection" and "coupling" mentioned in this application, unless otherwise specified, both include direct and indirect connections (couplings). In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation to this application.

[0035] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0036] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following further elaborates on this application in combination with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely used to explain this application and are not used to limit this application.

[0037] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic diagram of a surge protection circuit in an embodiment. As Figure 1 shown, the surge protection circuit 200 includes an energy storage and startup unit 201, a main circuit switch unit 202, a surge switch unit 203, a surge protection unit 204, a surge self-locking unit 205, and an auxiliary power supply 206.

[0038] Please continue to refer to Figure 1 , the energy storage and startup unit 201 is connected to the input power supply 101. The input power supply 101 can be any form of current input source or voltage input source, and this embodiment does not make any restrictions.

[0039] The input end of the main circuit switch unit 202 is connected to the energy storage and startup unit 201, and the output end of the main circuit switch unit 202 is connected to the load 102. Among them, the load 102 can include the subsequent circuit of the surge protection circuit 200. In one embodiment, optionally, the first end of the main circuit switch unit 202 is connected to the energy storage and startup unit 201, the second end of the main circuit switch unit 202 is connected to the load 102, and the third end of the main circuit switch unit 202 is connected to the input power supply 101.

[0040] Furthermore, the energy storage and startup unit 201 is used to control the main circuit switch unit 202 to conduct when the input power supply 101 is connected, so as to connect the path between the input power supply 101 and the load 102 through the main circuit switch unit 202. In other words, when the main circuit switch unit 202 is conducting, the path between the input power supply 101 and the load 102 is connected. Similarly, if the main circuit switch unit 202 is disconnected, the path between the input power supply 101 and the load 102 will also be disconnected.

[0041] Optionally, the energy storage and startup unit 201 can include at least one switching element, and the main circuit switch unit 202 can also include at least one switching element. Further optionally, the switching elements in the energy storage and startup unit 201 and the switching elements in the main circuit switch unit 202 can be the same or different.

[0042] Among them, the switching element includes but is not limited to a mechanical switch, a relay, a diode, an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT), or a Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET). Exemplarily, the energy storage starting unit 201 may include a relay, and the main circuit switch unit 202 may include a transistor. The relay conducts after being connected to the input power supply 101 and controls the transistor to conduct.

[0043] Please continue to refer to Figure 1 , the surge switch unit 203 is respectively connected to the first end of the surge protection unit 204, the input power supply 101, and the main circuit switch unit 202, and the second end of the surge protection unit 204 is connected to the load 102. In one embodiment, optionally, the first end of the surge protection unit 204 is connected to the first end of the surge switch unit 203 and the energy storage starting unit 201, the second end of the surge switch unit 203 is connected to the input power supply 101 and the first end of the main circuit switch unit 202, and the second end of the surge protection unit 204 is connected to the load 102.

[0044] The surge self-locking unit 205 is respectively connected to the input power supply 101, the first connection point V4, and the auxiliary power supply 206. Among them, the auxiliary power supply 206 can also be any form of current input source or voltage input source, such as a 5-volt (V) DC power supply. Among them, the first connection point V4 is the connection point between the input power supply 101 and the first end of the surge protection unit 204.

[0045] In one embodiment, optionally, the second end of the surge self-locking unit 205 is connected to the first end of the surge switch unit 203, the third end of the surge self-locking unit 205 is connected to the auxiliary power supply 206, and the first end of the surge self-locking unit 205 is connected to the first connection point V4.

[0046] Further, when the input voltage of the input power supply 101 is greater than the preset voltage, that is, when a surge occurs, the surge switch unit 203 obtains the surge voltage at the first connection point V4 and controls the surge switch unit 203 to conduct through the surge voltage. Among them, the preset voltage can be set according to the actual situation, and this embodiment does not make any restrictions. Optionally, when a surge occurs, the first end of the surge switch unit 203 obtains the surge voltage at the first connection point V4.

[0047] Furthermore, after the surge switch unit 203 is turned on, it can control the main circuit switch unit 202 to turn off, and cooperate with the surge voltage and the auxiliary power supply 206 to control the surge self-locking unit 205 to turn on, so that the surge self-locking unit 205 outputs a control signal to the surge switch unit 203, and maintains the conduction of the surge switch unit 203 through the control signal. Optionally, the second end of the surge self-locking unit 205 can output a control signal to the first end of the surge switch unit 203 to maintain the conduction of the surge switch unit 203 through the control signal.

[0048] In this way, after a surge occurs, even if the input power supply 101 returns below the preset voltage, since the control signal can maintain the conduction of the surge switch unit 203, in this case, when the surge switch unit 203 is turned on, the main circuit switch unit 202 is still turned off to control the disconnection of the path between the input power supply 101 and the load 102, protecting the subsequent circuits of the surge protection circuit 200. And only after the input power supply 101 is powered off and restarted, the energy storage start unit 201 will re-control the main circuit switch unit 202 to turn on and connect the path between the input power supply 101 and the load 102 through the main circuit switch unit 202 for subsequent normal operation.

[0049] Among them, the surge protection unit 204 can include, but is not limited to, elements for absorbing surge voltage, including but not limited to varistors.

[0050] The surge switch unit 203 can include at least one switching element. Exemplarily, the surge switch unit 203 and the main circuit switch unit 202 can be implemented by an N-type transistor and a P-type transistor to control the main circuit switch unit 202 to turn off after the surge switch unit 203 is turned on.

[0051] The surge self-locking unit 205 can be implemented by an RS flip-flop. For example, when the input voltage of the input power supply 101 is greater than the preset voltage, the RS flip-flop is triggered by the surge voltage to output a high level and maintain the switch on until manual reset.

[0052] In the above surge protection circuit 200, the energy storage startup unit 201 is used to control the main circuit switch unit 202 to conduct when the input power supply 101 is connected, so as to connect the path between the input power supply 101 and the load 102 through the main circuit switch unit 202. Since the surge switch unit 203 can obtain the surge voltage at the first connection point when the input voltage of the input power supply 101 is greater than the preset voltage, therefore, the surge voltage can be used to control the surge switch unit 203 to conduct, and the main circuit switch unit 202 can be controlled to disconnect through the surge switch unit 203. In this way, when a surge occurs, the path between the input power supply 101 and the load 102 can be disconnected in time through the main circuit switch unit, improving safety. Further, since the surge self-locking unit 205 can be controlled to conduct through the cooperation of the surge voltage and the auxiliary power supply 206, so that the surge self-locking unit 205 outputs a control signal to the surge switch unit 203 and maintains the conduction of the surge switch unit 203 through the control signal, therefore, even if the input voltage of the input power supply 101 returns to normal after a surge occurs, the path between the input power supply 101 and the load 102 will still be disconnected, further improving safety.

[0053] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a surge self-locking unit in an embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, in an exemplary embodiment, optionally, the surge self-locking unit 205 includes a first switch sub-unit 2051 and a transistor sub-unit 2052.

[0054] Among them, the first end of the first switch sub-unit 2051 is connected to the first connection point V4, the second end of the first switch sub-unit 2051 is connected to the transistor sub-unit 2052 and the surge switch unit 203, and the transistor sub-unit 2052 is also connected to the auxiliary power supply 206.

[0055] Please continue to refer to Figure 2 , when the input voltage is greater than the preset voltage, the first switch sub-unit 2051 can be controlled to conduct through the surge voltage, and the transistor sub-unit 2052 can be controlled to conduct through the conduction of the auxiliary power supply 206 and the first switch sub-unit 2051. When the transistor sub-unit 2052 conducts, a control signal is output to the surge switch unit 203.

[0056] That is to say, when a surge occurs, the surge voltage at the first connection point will not only control the surge switch unit 203 to conduct, but also control the first switch sub-unit 2051 to conduct. After the first switch sub-unit 2051 conducts, the transistor sub-unit 2052 can be controlled to conduct through the auxiliary power supply 206 and the first switch sub-unit 2051. Further, when the transistor sub-unit 2052 conducts, the transistor sub-unit 2052 can output a control signal to the surge switch unit 203 to maintain the conduction of the surge switch unit 203.

[0057] Among them, the first switch sub-unit 2051 may include at least one switching element. The transistor sub-unit 2052 may be implemented by at least one transistor such as an IGBT. In one embodiment, the transistor sub-unit 2052 may output a control signal to the first end of the surge switch unit 203.

[0058] In the above embodiment, since when the input voltage is greater than the preset voltage, the first switch sub-unit 2051 can be controlled to conduct through the surge voltage, and the transistor sub-unit 2052 can be controlled to conduct through the conduction of the auxiliary power supply 206 and the first switch sub-unit 2051. When the transistor sub-unit 2052 conducts, a control signal is output to the surge switch unit 203. In this way, when a surge occurs, the surge self-locking unit 205 can be efficiently and reliably controlled to conduct through the cooperation of the surge voltage and the auxiliary power supply 206.

[0059] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of another surge protection circuit in an embodiment. In an exemplary embodiment, optionally, as Figure 3 shown, the transistor sub-unit 2052 includes a first transistor Q3 and a second transistor Q4; the first switch sub-unit 2051 includes a first zener diode ZD3.

[0060] Among them, the auxiliary power supply 206 is represented as Figure 3 VCC in. The emitter of the first transistor Q3 and the collector of the second transistor Q4 are both connected to the auxiliary power supply 206. The base of the first transistor Q3 is connected to the collector of the second transistor Q4. The base of the second transistor Q4 is respectively connected to the positive electrode of the first zener diode ZD3 and the second connection V1. The negative electrode of the first zener diode ZD3 is connected to the first connection. The collector of the first transistor Q3 and the emitter of the second transistor Q4 are both grounded.

[0061] The second connection V1 is the connection between the first connection V4 and the surge switch unit 203. It can be understood that the second connection V1 is also connected to the first end of the surge protection unit 204. Further, the second connection V1 may be the connection between the surge switch unit 203 and the first end of the surge protection unit 204. Optionally, the first connection V4 and the second connection V1 may be connected through a resistor. For example, as Figure 3 shown, the first connection V4 and the second connection V1 may be connected through a resistor R3.

[0062] When a surge occurs, the voltage at the first connection V4 is relatively large, the first zener diode ZD3 is broken down, the second transistor Q4 conducts, the current provided by VCC flows to the ground through the second transistor Q4, and the base of the second transistor Q4 is pulled low, so that the first transistor Q3 conducts.

[0063] When the first transistor Q3 is turned on, the current provided by VCC reaches the second connection V1 through the first transistor Q3, causing the second connection V1 to output a high level. Further, VCC and the base of the second transistor Q4 can control the second transistor Q4 to be always turned on. In this way, even if the voltage at the first connection V4 becomes smaller, the second transistor Q4 will still be always turned on, so that the voltage at the second connection V1 is always high to control the surge switch unit 203 to be always turned on.

[0064] It should be noted that in the case where no surge occurs, the second transistor Q4 is turned off, and in the case where the second transistor Q4 is turned off, the first transistor Q3 is also in the off state.

[0065] In the above embodiment, since the emitter of the first transistor Q3 and the collector of the second transistor Q4 are both connected to the auxiliary power supply 206, the base of the first transistor Q3 is connected to the collector of the second transistor Q4, the base of the second transistor Q4 is respectively connected to the positive electrode of the first voltage stabilizing diode ZD3 and the second connection, the negative electrode of the first voltage stabilizing diode ZD3 is connected to the first connection, the collector of the first transistor Q3 and the emitter of the second transistor Q4 are both grounded, and the second connection is the connection between the first connection and the surge switch unit 203. Therefore, when the input voltage is greater than the preset voltage, the first switch sub-unit 2051 can be controlled to be turned on through the surge voltage, and then the transistor sub-unit 2052 can be controlled to be turned on.

[0066] Please continue to refer to Figure 3 In an exemplary embodiment, optionally, the surge switch unit 203 includes a third transistor Q1.

[0067] Wherein, the collector of the third transistor Q1 is connected to the input power supply 101 and the main circuit switch unit 202, the base of the third transistor Q1 is connected to the first end of the surge protection unit 204, and the emitter of the third transistor Q1 is grounded.

[0068] It can be understood that the base of the third transistor Q1 is connected to the first connection V4. The base of the third transistor Q1 is also the first end of the surge switch unit 203, the collector of the third transistor Q1 is also the second end of the surge switch unit 203, and the emitter of the third transistor Q1 is also the third end of the surge switch unit 203.

[0069] Please continue to refer to Figure 3 When no surge occurs, the voltages at the first connection V4 and the second connection V1 are not high. Therefore, the third transistor Q1 is in the off state. When a surge occurs, since the surge voltage at the first connection V4 is relatively large, the surge voltage at the second connection V1 will also be relatively large. In this way, the third transistor Q1 can be controlled to be turned on through the surge voltage.

[0070] In the above embodiments, the surge switch unit 203 includes a third transistor Q1. Since the collector of the third transistor Q1 is connected to the input power supply 101 and the main circuit switch unit 202, the base of the third transistor Q1 is connected to the first end of the surge protection unit 204, and the emitter of the third transistor Q1 is grounded. Therefore, when a surge occurs, the surge voltage at the first connection can turn on the third transistor Q1 in a timely manner.

[0071] Please continue to refer to Figure 3 , in an exemplary embodiment, optionally, the main circuit switch unit 202 includes a fourth transistor Q2.

[0072] Wherein, the gate of the fourth transistor Q2 is connected to the collector of the third transistor Q1, the source of the fourth transistor Q2 is connected to the input power supply 101, and the drain of the fourth transistor Q2 is connected to the load 102.

[0073] It can be understood that the gate of the fourth transistor Q2 is also the first end of the main circuit switch unit 202, the drain of the fourth transistor Q2 is also the second end of the main circuit switch unit 202, and the source of the fourth transistor Q2 is also the third end of the main circuit switch unit 202.

[0074] Please refer to Figure 3 , after the input power supply 101 is connected, it can control the fourth transistor Q2 to turn on to conduct the path between the input power supply 101 and the load 102. When a surge occurs, the surge voltage at the second connection V1 will control the third transistor Q1 to turn on. When the third transistor Q1 is turned on, the gate and source of the fourth transistor Q2 are short-circuited, so that the fourth transistor Q2 is turned off, and the path between the input power supply 101 and the load 102 is disconnected accordingly.

[0075] In the above embodiments, the main circuit switch unit 202 includes a fourth transistor Q2. Since the gate of the fourth transistor Q2 is connected to the collector of the third transistor Q1, the source of the fourth transistor Q2 is connected to the input power supply 101, and the drain of the fourth transistor Q2 is connected to the load 102, therefore, the conduction of the third transistor Q1 can control the fourth transistor Q2 to turn off in a timely manner to cut off the path between the input power supply 101 and the load 102 in a timely manner when a surge occurs, protecting the subsequent circuit from being damaged.

[0076] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of an energy storage starting unit in an embodiment, as Figure 4As shown, in an exemplary embodiment, optionally, the energy storage starting unit 201 includes a charging sub-unit 2011 and a second switching sub-unit 2012. Among them, the charging sub-unit 2011 and the second switching sub-unit 2012 are connected in parallel across both ends of the input power supply 101, and the main circuit switching unit 202 is respectively connected to both ends of the charging sub-unit 2011.

[0077] Further optionally, the first end and the third end of the main circuit switching unit 202 are respectively connected to both ends of the charging sub-unit 2011.

[0078] Please refer to Figure 4 , the input power supply 101 is used to charge the charging sub-unit 2011. That is to say, after the input power supply 101 is connected, the input power supply 101 will first charge the charging sub-unit 2011. Further, when the voltage across the charging sub-unit 2011 is greater than the preset charging voltage, the charging sub-unit 2011 controls the main circuit switching unit 202 to conduct. Among them, the preset charging voltage can be set according to actual needs and is not limited in this embodiment.

[0079] In the above embodiment, the energy storage starting unit 201 includes a charging sub-unit 2011 and a second switching sub-unit 2012. Since the charging sub-unit 2011 and the second switching sub-unit 2012 are connected in parallel across both ends of the input power supply 101, and the main circuit switching unit 202 is respectively connected to both ends of the charging sub-unit 2011, therefore, the input power supply 101 can charge the charging sub-unit 2011, so that when the voltage across the charging sub-unit 2011 is greater than the preset charging voltage, the charging sub-unit 2011 controls the main circuit switching unit 202 to conduct. In this way, the main circuit switching unit 202 can be controlled to conduct after the input voltage is normal, improving the working reliability of the subsequent circuit.

[0080] Please continue to refer to Figure 3 , in an exemplary embodiment, optionally, the charging sub-unit 2011 includes an energy storage element, and the second switching sub-unit 2012 includes a second zener diode ZD2.

[0081] Among them, both ends of the energy storage element are connected to the input power supply 101. The positive and negative electrodes of the second zener diode ZD2 are respectively connected to the negative and positive electrodes of the input power supply 101. That is to say, the positive electrode of the second zener diode ZD2 is connected to the negative electrode of the input power supply 101, and the negative electrode of the second zener diode ZD2 is connected to the positive electrode of the input power supply 101. And, the main circuit switching unit 202 is respectively connected to both ends of the energy storage element. Among them, the energy storage element may include at least one capacitor. Taking Figure 3 as an example, the energy storage element may include a capacitor C7. Further optionally, the first end and the third end of the main circuit switching unit 202 are respectively connected to both ends of the energy storage element.

[0082] Please continue to refer to Figure 3 wherein, DC-IN represents the positive electrode of the input power supply 101, and DC-OUT represents the negative electrode of the input power supply 101. At the moment when the input power supply 101 is connected, since the voltage across C7 cannot change suddenly, the main circuit switch unit 202 is not turned on at this time. The input power supply 101 first charges C7. When C7 is charged to the regulated voltage value of the second voltage regulator diode ZD2, the voltage across the energy storage element is greater than the preset charging voltage, and then the second voltage regulator diode ZD2 is broken down, and the main circuit switch unit 202 is turned on, and the path between the input power supply 101 and the load 102 is connected.

[0083] In the above embodiment, the charging sub-unit 2011 includes an energy storage element, and the second switch sub-unit 2012 includes a second voltage regulator diode ZD2. Since the two ends of the energy storage element are connected to the input power supply 101, the positive and negative electrodes of the second voltage regulator diode ZD2 are respectively connected to the negative and positive electrodes of the input power supply 101, and the main circuit switch unit is respectively connected to the two ends of the energy storage element. Therefore, after the input power supply 101 is connected, it first charges the energy storage element, and when the voltage across the energy storage element is greater than the preset charging voltage, it then controls the main circuit switch unit 202 to turn on, improving the conduction reliability of the path between the input power supply 101 and the load 102.

[0084] In an exemplary embodiment, optionally, please continue to refer to Figure 3 the surge protection circuit 200 further includes at least one of the following:

[0085] (1) The first resistor R1. The first resistor R1 is respectively connected to the input power supply 101 and the negative electrode of the second voltage regulator diode ZD2. (2) The second resistor R2. The second resistor R2 is respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the second voltage regulator diode ZD2. Among them, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 can be resistors for current limiting.

[0086] In the above embodiment, the surge protection circuit 200 further includes at least one of the first resistor and the second resistor. Since the first resistor is respectively connected to the input power supply 101 and the negative electrode of the second voltage regulator diode ZD2, and the second resistor is respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the second voltage regulator diode ZD2, the working stability and reliability of the energy storage starting unit 201 can be improved through the first resistor or the second resistor.

[0087] Please continue to refer to Figure 3 in an embodiment, the surge protection unit 204 is connected to the input power supply 101 through the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2. At the moment when the input power supply 101 is connected, the current will sequentially pass through V3, the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, and the surge protection unit 204 to reach the ground terminal GND_DC.

[0088] In an exemplary embodiment, optionally, when the input voltage of the input power supply 101 is greater than a preset voltage, the input voltage can be used to control the fusing of the surge protection unit 204. Further, when the surge protection unit 204 is fused, the first end of the surge switch unit 203 can obtain the surge voltage at the second connection V1.

[0089] Optionally, the surge protection unit 204 may include components such as a fuse or a circuit breaker that are fused or damaged when the input power supply 101 is greater than the preset voltage. In one embodiment, the surge protection unit 204 may be a high-voltage quick-break resistor.

[0090] Please continue to refer to Figure 3 , taking the high-voltage quick-break resistor RT1 in Figure 3 as an example. When a surge occurs, the current or voltage on RT1 mutates and RT1 is fused. When RT1 is fused, the surge voltage at the second connection V1 also increases.

[0091] It should be noted that after a surge occurs, if the surge protection unit 204 has been fused, a new surge protection unit 204 needs to be replaced before powering off and restarting.

[0092] In the above embodiment, since the fusing of the surge protection unit 204 can be controlled by the input voltage when the input voltage of the input power supply 101 is greater than the preset voltage, in this way, by obtaining the surge voltage at the second connection through the surge switch unit 203, the conduction of the surge switch unit 203 can be controlled.

[0093] In an exemplary embodiment, optionally, please continue to refer to Figure 3 , the surge protection circuit 200 may further include a filtering unit 207. The filtering unit 207 is respectively connected to the input power supply 101 and the energy storage starting unit 201 to filter the input voltage of the input power supply 101 through the filtering unit 207.

[0094] The implementation manner of the filtering unit 207 is not limited in this embodiment. The filtering unit 207 may include but is not limited to a capacitor filtering circuit, an inductor filtering circuit, a resistor-capacitor (RC) filter, an inductor-capacitor (LC) filter, or other complex filtering circuits.

[0095] In one embodiment, please continue to refer to Figure 3 , optionally, the input voltage may pass through an LCL second-order filtering circuit composed of a common-mode inductor L1 and an inductor L2, so that the voltage at V3 is the filtered voltage to reduce electromagnetic noise and clutter signals. It can be understood that Figure 3 the PE in represents Protective Earthing.

[0096] In some embodiments, the surge protection circuit 200 may further include at least one of the following:

[0097] (1) Zener diode ZD1. The anode of the Zener diode ZD1 is connected to the base of the third transistor Q1, and the cathode of the Zener diode ZD1 is connected to the drain of the fourth transistor Q2. The Zener diode ZD1 is used to protect the fourth transistor Q2 from being damaged during a surge.

[0098] (2) Resistor R3. The resistor R3 is connected to the first connection point V4 and the second connection point V1 respectively.

[0099] (3) Resistor R4. The resistor R4 is connected to the base of the third transistor Q1 and the drain of the fourth transistor Q2 respectively. The resistor R4 is also used to protect the fourth transistor Q2 from being damaged during a surge. Further optionally, the resistor R4 may be connected to the cathode of the Zener diode ZD1 and the drain of the fourth transistor Q2 respectively.

[0100] (4) Resistor R5. The resistor R5 is connected to the base of the first transistor Q3 and the auxiliary power supply 206 respectively.

[0101] (5) Resistor R6. The resistor R6 is connected to the base of the first transistor Q3 and the collector of the second transistor Q4 respectively. Further optionally, the resistor R5 is connected to the resistor R6.

[0102] (6) Resistor R7. The resistor R7 is connected to the second connection point V1 and the anode of the first Zener diode ZD3 respectively.

[0103] (7) Diode D1. The anode of the diode D1 is grounded, and the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the second connection point V1 and the collector of the first transistor Q3.

[0104] (9) Capacitor C9. The capacitor C9 is connected in parallel with the surge protection unit 204.

[0105] To more clearly introduce the surge protection circuit 200 of the present application, the following will be described in conjunction with Figure 3 Please refer to Figure 3 , the input voltage reaches V3 after LCL second-stage filtering. At the moment when the input power supply 101 is turned on, since the voltage across C7 cannot change suddenly, the fourth transistor Q2 is turned off, and the current passes through V3, R1, R2, RT1, and GND_DC in sequence to charge C7. When the voltage across C7 reaches the regulated voltage value of the second Zener diode ZD2, the fourth transistor Q2 is turned on, and the main loop current between DC-IN and GND_DC forms a loop.

[0106] When the main circuit is working properly, the voltage at the first connection V4 is very small, the first voltage stabilizing diode ZD3 is not broken down, and the surge self-locking unit 205 does not work.

[0107] When there is a surge in the DC-IN input voltage or the output capacitor C3 is short-circuited, the voltage at the first connection V4 is very large, the first voltage stabilizing diode ZD3 is broken down, the second transistor Q4 conducts, and the current of VCC passes through R5, R6, Q4, and GND_DC in sequence, and makes the first transistor Q3 conduct. Under the action of VCC, the first transistor Q3, and the second connection V1, a high level is output at the second connection V1. At this time, V1, R7, and the first pin of the second transistor Q4 pull V1 up all the time, making the second transistor Q4 always in the conducting state. Even if the voltage at the first connection V4 becomes smaller, Q4 will always maintain the conducting state, so that the voltage at the second connection V1 is always high, the third transistor Q1 is always in the conducting state, shorts the GS of the fourth transistor Q2, and makes the fourth transistor Q2 unable to conduct, thereby disconnecting the main circuit between DC-IN and GND_DC.

[0108] Due to the existence of the surge self-locking unit 205, it will only work properly after the input power supply 101 is powered off and restarted. The surge voltage at the second connection V1 is all absorbed by RT1. When the surge voltage exceeds a certain threshold, RT1 will burn out and the circuit cannot be restarted.

[0109] It can be seen that the surge protection circuit 200 of the present application can protect the subsequent circuit from being damaged.

[0110] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of an energy storage device in an embodiment, as Figure 5 shown. In an embodiment, an energy storage device 500 is further provided. The energy storage device 500 includes the surge protection circuit 200 of any one of the above.

[0111] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Among them, any reference to a memory, database, or other medium used in the embodiments provided in the present application can include at least one of non-volatile memory and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM), etc. The databases involved in the embodiments provided in the present application can include at least one of relational databases and non-relational databases. Non-relational databases can include distributed databases based on blockchain, etc., without limitation. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in the present application can be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, data processing logics based on quantum computing, artificial intelligence (AI) processors, etc., without limitation.

[0112] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered to be within the scope described in this specification.

[0113] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation manners of the present application. The description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the patent scope of the present application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A surge protection circuit, characterized in that: The surge-resistant circuit includes: Energy storage start unit, connected to the input power supply; A main circuit switch unit, wherein the input end of the main circuit switch unit is connected to the energy storage start unit, the output end of the main circuit switch unit is connected to the load, and the energy storage start unit is used to control the main circuit switch unit to be turned on when the input power supply is connected, so as to connect the path between the input power supply and the load through the main circuit switch unit; A surge switch unit and an anti-surge unit, wherein the surge switch unit is respectively connected to a first end of the anti-surge unit, the input power supply and the main circuit switch unit, and a second end of the anti-surge unit is connected to the load; A surge self-locking unit and an auxiliary power source, wherein the surge self-locking unit is respectively connected to the input power source, a first connection point and the auxiliary power source, and the first connection point is a connection point between the input power source and a first end of the anti-surge unit; When the input voltage of the input power supply is greater than a preset voltage, the surge switch unit obtains the surge voltage at the first connection, controls the surge switch unit to be turned on by the surge voltage, so as to control the main circuit switch unit to be disconnected by the surge switch unit, and controls the surge self-locking unit to be turned on by the cooperation of the surge voltage and the auxiliary power supply, so that the surge self-locking unit outputs a control signal to the surge switch unit, and maintains the surge switch unit turned on by the control signal.

2. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that The surge self-locking unit includes a transistor sub-unit and a first switch sub-unit; a first end of the first switch sub-unit is connected to the first connection point, a second end of the first switch sub-unit is connected to the transistor sub-unit and the surge switch unit, and the transistor sub-unit is also connected to the auxiliary source power supply; When the input voltage is greater than the preset voltage, the first switch sub-unit is controlled to be turned on by the surge voltage, and the conduction of the transistor sub-unit is controlled by the conduction of the auxiliary source power supply and the first switch sub-unit, and the control signal is output to the surge switch unit when the transistor sub-unit is turned on.

3. The circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that The transistor subunit includes a first transistor and a second transistor; the first switch subunit includes a first voltage regulator diode; The emitter of the first transistor and the collector of the second transistor are both connected to the auxiliary source power supply, the base of the first transistor is connected to the collector of the second transistor, the base of the second transistor is respectively connected to the anode of the first voltage regulator diode and the second connection point, the negative electrode of the first voltage regulator diode is connected to the first connection point, the collector of the first transistor and the emitter of the second transistor are both grounded, and the second connection point is the connection point between the first connection point and the surge switch unit.

4. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that The surge switch unit includes a third transistor; the collector of the third transistor is connected to the input power supply and the main circuit switch unit, the base of the third transistor is connected to the first end of the anti-surge unit, and the emitter of the third transistor is grounded.

5. The circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that The main circuit switch unit includes a fourth transistor; a gate of the fourth transistor is connected to the collector of the third transistor, a source of the fourth transistor is connected to the input power supply, and a drain of the fourth transistor is connected to the load.

6. The circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The energy storage startup unit includes a charging subunit and a second switch subunit, the charging subunit and the second switch subunit are connected in parallel to two ends of the input power supply, and the main circuit switch unit is respectively connected to two ends of the charging subunit; The input power source is used to charge the charging subunit. When the voltage across the charging subunit is greater than a preset charging voltage, the charging subunit controls the main circuit switch unit to turn on.

7. The circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that The charging subunit includes an energy storage element, and the second switch subunit includes a second voltage stabilizing diode; Two ends of the energy storage element are connected to the input power supply, the anode and cathode of the second voltage regulator diode are respectively connected to the cathode and anode of the input power supply, and the main circuit switch unit is respectively connected to two ends of the energy storage element.

8. The circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that The anti-surge circuit further includes at least one of the following: A first resistor; the first resistor is connected to the input power supply and the cathode of the second voltage stabilizing diode respectively; The second resistor is connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the second voltage stabilizing diode respectively.

9. The circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: When the input voltage of the input power source is greater than the preset voltage, the anti-surge unit is controlled to fuse according to the input voltage.

10. An energy storage device, characterized in that: The energy storage device comprises a surge protection circuit as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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