Energy-saving double-magnet motor based on stator harmonious permanent magnet gradient magnetic field area

Abstract

Relates to new fields of motor science and engineering. In the era where environmental and energy problems are highly concerned, a motor power-saving technology becomes a strategic technology. The invention relates to an energy-saving double-magnet motor based on a stator harmonious permanent magnet gradient magnetic field area, which is called an energy-saving double-magnet motor for short. A base, a stator and a rotor; the stator comprises stator electromagnetic poles and stator permanent magnet poles, and the rotor comprises rotor permanent magnet poles. A stator electromagnetic pole comprises at least one or more than one stator bias iron core and an electric excitation device of a coil winding, a stator permanent magnet pole comprises at least one or more than one permanent magnet gradient magnetic field, a permanent magnet with gradient discrimination is arranged in the gradient of the magnetic field, and the stator is also called as a double-magnetic stator. The rotor comprises a rotating shaft and a sleeve shaft, rotor permanent magnet poles are arranged on the outer edges of rotor split-phase iron cores on the rotating shaft and the sleeve shaft, and the rotor permanent magnet poles comprise permanent magnets which are single, homopolar and same in direction and are matched with stator permanent magnet poles in a double-magnetic-harmonious stator. The motor is simple in structure, high in reliability, very high in average efficiency, lower in temperature rise, lower in failure rate, wide in application, excellent in energy conservation and emission reduction, and beneficial to large development of various industries.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the fields of electric machinery science and engineering technology, and particularly to the field of energy-saving improvement of electric machinery. Background Art

[0002] An electric machinery, commonly known as a motor, includes a stator and a rotor. It is a driving device for various equipment such as fans, pumps, compressors, machine tools, conveyor belts, etc., and is widely used in various industries and fields such as industry, agriculture, transportation, municipal administration, metallurgy, chemical industry, aerospace, and national defense construction. It is a power-consuming terminal device with a relatively large power consumption. The electric machinery technology with a history of nearly 200 years is an important foundation for supporting people's life and production.

[0003] In domestic electricity consumption, large enterprises are the giants of power consumption. More than 75% of the electric energy consumed by factories and enterprises is consumed on electric machinery. According to authoritative releases, for every one percentage point increase in the energy efficiency of electric machinery, more than 26 billion kWh of electricity can be saved annually. If the efficiency of the electric machinery system is increased by 5 - 8 percentage points, the annual electricity savings is equivalent to the power generation of 2 - 3 Three Gorges Power Stations. In an era when environmental and energy issues have attracted much attention, the electric machinery power-saving technology has become a strategic technology.

[0004] In world history, in 1885, the Italian physicist and electrical engineer Ferraris invented the asynchronous motor that operates as a motor, also known as an induction motor. Asynchronous motors are the most widely used and have the largest stock. Among the machinery powered by electricity in various countries, about 90% are asynchronous motors, and among them, small asynchronous motors account for more than 70%. In the total load of the power system, the electricity consumption of asynchronous motors accounts for a relatively large proportion. In China, the electricity consumption of asynchronous motors accounts for more than 60% of the total load. When an asynchronous motor operates, it absorbs reactive power from the power system for excitation, which will cause the power factor of the power system to deteriorate, increasing the burden and power loss of the power grid's transformation and distribution equipment. 60% of the power consumption in China comes from asynchronous motors, and the power-saving of electric machinery is the key. Therefore, setting aside induction motors and looking at the entire field of electric machinery, in terms of energy-saving effects, synchronous motors are significantly more efficient in energy-saving.

[0005] According to different excitation methods, synchronous motors are divided into electrically excited synchronous motors and permanent magnet synchronous motors.

[0006] When the synchronous motor of the electric excitation device is working, three-phase symmetrical currents are applied to the three-phase windings of the stator, and a direct current is applied to the excitation winding of the rotor. When three-phase alternating currents are applied to the three-phase symmetrical windings of the stator, a rotating magnetic field will be generated in the air gap. When a direct current is applied to the rotor excitation winding, a stationary magnetic field with a constant polarity will be generated. If the number of pole pairs of the rotor magnetic field is equal to that of the stator magnetic field, the rotor magnetic field will rotate synchronously with the stator rotating magnetic field under the action of the magnetic pulling force of the stator magnetic field, that is, the rotor rotates at the same speed and in the same direction as the rotating magnetic field. This is the basic working principle of the synchronous motor.

[0007] The working principle of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is the same as that of the synchronous motor of the electric excitation device described above. The difference is that the rotor is a synchronous motor without an excitation winding, and the rotor uses permanent magnets to generate a constant magnetic field. Since the rotor magnetic field of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is constant, it is possible to avoid the problems of induction motors, such as low power factor, absorbing a large amount of reactive current from the power grid, causing a decrease in the quality factor of the power grid, increasing the burden on power grid transformation and distribution equipment, and increasing power loss. In other words, there is no current excitation in the rotor of the permanent magnet motor, so the power factor of the motor is high, which improves the quality factor of the power grid and eliminates the need for reactive power compensation devices in the power grid. Compared with the synchronous motor of the electric excitation device, the permanent magnet synchronous motor uses permanent magnets to establish a magnetic field, eliminating the excitation winding, excitation power supply, slip rings, and brushes, etc. It has a simple structure, reliable operation, high efficiency, maintenance-free, and avoids faults such as easy burnout and disconnection of the excitation winding of the excitation motor, and easy wear of the brushes and slip rings. According to authoritative announcements, the average efficiency of general excitation motors is only about 50% - 87% in the speed range of 1500 - 6000 r / min; while the average efficiency of permanent magnet motors can reach about 82% - 95%. The permanent magnet synchronous motor is a high-efficiency motor, and its efficiency is much higher than that of traditional asynchronous motors. This is because the permanent magnet synchronous motor uses permanent magnets as the rotor. The permanent magnet is both a magnetic source and a component of the magnetic circuit in the permanent magnet motor. Different from the electromagnetic poles in the rotor of traditional excitation motors where excitation coils are installed and a magnetic field is generated only when current is applied, there is no consumption of excitation electrical energy in the permanent magnet poles of the rotor of the permanent magnet motor. Measurement and comparison show that the permanent magnet motor is 20% - 40% more energy-efficient than the traditional excitation motor. Therefore, to be realistic, the permanent magnet motor is more energy-efficient than the excitation motor, that is, using permanent magnet poles is more energy-efficient than electromagnetic poles. In other words, using more permanent magnet poles to replace electromagnetic poles is more energy-efficient than using all electromagnetic poles.

[0008] It is confirmed that permanent magnet synchronous motors have good energy-saving effects and high efficiency. However, permanent magnet synchronous motors are not self-starting motors. Different rotor positions during startup can have an impact and may cause reverse rotation. To solve this problem, an induction motor squirrel-cage structure is generally set inside the rotor, and the induction motor principle is used to assist in starting. As the operating speed of the permanent magnet motor increases, the back electromotive force approaches the inverter power supply voltage, making it impossible to control the winding current. This defines the basic speed limit of general permanent magnet synchronous motors. In other words, in the surface magnet design of the motor, it usually represents the maximum possible speed for a given power supply voltage. This speed limit has become an obvious defect in the traditional design of permanent magnet motors, and it is confirmed that the back electromotive force is an obvious obstacle. For a permanent magnet synchronous motor operating at high speed, the current does work in the stator winding conductors, and at the same time, the temperature of the stator eccentric core in the stator winding will naturally increase. The high temperature will surround the rotor and heat it, and the temperature of the rotor permanent magnet will also gradually increase. Normal high-performance permanent magnets will demagnetize when the temperature is above 150°. Therefore, it is necessary to control the internal temperature of the motor. Generally, it is required to control the temperature below 150° to operate normally. At the same time, cooling measures should be put into place, which requires designing and consuming manufacturing resources, and later increasing the cooling energy consumption. These problems are several important basic points that need to be focused on improving for permanent magnet synchronous motors in the actual situation.

[0009] As the world pays increasing attention to energy and environmental issues, and given the relatively low per capita resource endowment in China, energy is of utmost importance. The Chinese people have always been eager to improve motors and are persistent in the goal of energy conservation and efficiency improvement. The improvement of energy-efficient motors with an energy savings of more than 1% may seem like a minor achievement, but in the mature world of motor theory, it is a significant progress. However, in reality, ordinary people often look down on it. Because, as a procurement expenditure for fixed assets, the new energy-efficient motor, combined with the meager energy savings income and the income from recycling old motors, when compared in terms of revenue and expenditure, most Chinese people will choose to wait and see. The market procurement data is not good, and the common fact is that people are not willing to pay for the minor energy-saving effect. In such a situation, it also leads to insufficient confidence in scientific research among motor manufacturing enterprises, and then to the dilemma of even less investment in research and development funds for new energy-efficient motor projects. To break this difficult situation, the Chinese government currently strongly advocates and encourages energy conservation and efficiency improvement, with appropriate national subsidies. However, the subsidy strength is ultimately limited, and the subsidy capacity is restricted. Small and micro enterprises will almost certainly not be able to recover the cost of newly purchased energy-efficient motors in the long term, so they will be even more inclined to wait and see. Currently, there is a strong market demand for motor products with significant energy conservation and emissions reduction, as well as cost reduction and efficiency improvement. If we consider the mature traditional motor theory world, the room for adjustment is already extremely narrow. After clearly understanding the reality and analyzing it calmly, moving forward with the goal of meeting people's needs, permanent magnet motors need significant improvement, a subversive design, significant emissions reduction, obvious energy conservation, reduced procurement and post-maintenance costs, and concentrated efforts to overcome the obvious obstacle of the back electromotive force limiting the maximum speed, as well as problems such as difficult self-starting and easy demagnetization due to high temperature rise inside the motor. These problems all point to traditional permanent magnet motors, which only use permanent magnets as the permanent magnetic source of the rotor without further improvement, and then use permanent magnets as part of the permanent magnetic source of the stator. Too many electromagnetic pole coils in the stator consume a large amount of strategic copper conductor materials. Excessive conductor materials are the direct cause of high temperature inside the motor during energized operation and are also the root cause of increased power consumption and back electromotive force. After clearly understanding that too many electromagnetic pole coils will affect performance, which is a very obvious obstacle and defect, we discover the unknown space reserved for improvement and extended design. This space is currently in the dark domain and urgently requires new and innovative ingenious designs, obvious progress in model innovation, and a correct answer to the new topic in the field of motor science and engineering of whether the stator and rotor of a permanent magnet motor can be installed simultaneously with the permanent magnet as the permanent rotating magnetic field source. By substituting with a permanent rotating magnetic field source, most of the energy consumption for maintaining the electromagnetic rotating magnetic field can be reduced, becoming a new research hotspot in the exploration of the forefront of motor technology. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In order to save energy and increase efficiency in permanent magnet motors, and at the same time solve a series of problems in the existing permanent magnet synchronous motor technology, including difficult self-starting, easy demagnetization due to high temperature inside the motor, and the defect that the back electromotive force limits the maximum speed, etc., for the realization of the invention goal of this application, most of the stator electromagnetic poles in the stator of the traditional permanent magnet motor are directly cancelled. At the position of the original stator electromagnetic poles vacant in the stator circumferential sequence, they are replaced by stator permanent magnet poles, which harmoniously generate and maintain an approximate rotating magnetic field air gap in the stator electromagnetic coil of the traditional motor to drive the permanent magnet rotor of the motor and keep the rotor rotating permanently. For this purpose, this application provides an energy-saving dual-magnet motor based on the stator harmonious permanent magnet gradient magnetic field region, including a machine base, a stator and a rotor. The stator includes stator electromagnetic poles and stator permanent magnet poles, and the rotor includes rotor permanent magnet poles. Among them, the stator electromagnetic poles include at least one or more stator eccentric iron cores and an electric excitation device with a coil winding wound around the stator eccentric iron core. The stator permanent magnet poles include at least one or more permanent magnet gradient magnetic fields, and within the magnetic field gradient region, there are at least one or more permanent magnets with gradient differentiation degrees. The permanent magnets within this magnetic field gradient region are arranged around the stator circumference according to the rule of the same pole and the same direction from weak to strong in the vector direction of the magnetic field gradient region, forming an open, permanent magnetic field with magnetic monopole and unidirectional acceleration function, and rotating in the vector direction. There is no connection between the strongest end and the weakest end of the permanent magnet gradient magnetic field, and there is an interval section with a circumferential opening, which is the exclusive interval section of the stator electromagnetic poles including the stator eccentric iron core and the coil winding. The rotor includes a rotating shaft and rotor permanent magnet poles are provided on the outer edge of the rotor split-phase iron core sleeved on the shaft. Among the rotor permanent magnet poles, the permanent magnets are single and of the same pole and the same direction, and are paired with the single-pole permanent magnets of the stator permanent magnet poles in the dual-magnet harmonious stator. The above-mentioned energy-saving dual-magnet motor based on the stator harmonious permanent magnet gradient magnetic field region, hereinafter referred to as the energy-saving dual-magnet motor, replaces most of the original stator electromagnetic pole positions with the stator permanent magnet poles in a harmonious manner and arranges them into the circumferential sequence of the original stator electromagnetic pole positions of the stator. By creating a permanent magnet gradient magnetic field inside the stator permanent magnet poles, this magnetic field is composed of a single pole of a permanent magnet, with the same pole and the same direction and a unified gradient vector direction rule, to build a vector rotating magnetic field, that is, "permanent magnet electromotive force", to replace most of the winding of the original stator electromagnetic pole electric excitation device, and retain a small part of the winding of the original stator electromagnetic pole electric excitation device, that is, "electromagnetic electromotive force". The newly generated "new electromotive force of permanent magnet harmonious electromagnetic" synergistically forms a novel designed vector rotating magnetic field, forming a common driving force to drive the rotor including rotor permanent magnet poles. The rotor also requires a novel design. Among them, the rotor includes a rotating shaft and rotor permanent magnet poles are provided on the outer edge of the rotor split-phase iron core sleeved on the shaft. The permanent magnets in the rotor permanent magnet poles are single and of the same pole and the same direction, and are paired with the stator permanent magnet poles in the dual-magnet harmonious stator.This energy-saving dual-magnet motor follows the magnetoelectric principle. After being improved and finalized through experiments, it can be seen from the structure that the stator of the energy-saving dual-magnet motor includes stator permanent magnetic poles (including permanent magnetic gradient magnetic fields) and stator electromagnetic poles. The two magnets are in harmonious cooperation and work together skillfully to jointly form a hybrid rotating magnetic field of permanent magnet and electromagnetism, completing the drive of the rotor's permanent magnetic field and enabling it to rotate continuously.

[0011] This application solves its technical problems by following the magnetoelectric principle in all aspects of the motor. Except for many aspects that are equivalent to general motors, it is different from general motors and focuses on three principles: 1. The magnetic field gradient principle; 2. The principle of minimum magnetic resistance; 3. Magnetic flux. 1. The magnetic field gradient principle The rate of change of magnetic field strength with spatial displacement is represented by the symbol dH / dx. The magnetic field gradient is a vector, and its direction is the direction in which the magnetic field gradient changes the most. And in a uniform magnetic field, (dH / dx) = 0; in a non-uniform magnetic field, (dH / dx) ≠ 0. The inference of the magnetic field gradient principle is that a permanent magnet creates a region of permanent magnetic gradient magnetic field, which also has the nature of "permanent magnet electromotive force". The creation of the magnetic field gradient of a permanent magnet is based on the magnetic force level parameter index of the permanent magnet. A magnet is a substance that can generate a magnetic field, and it can attract magnetic substances such as iron, nickel, and cobalt. The magnetic force of a magnet is an important indicator to measure its performance, usually represented by the magnetic force level parameter. The magnetic force level parameter refers to the maximum magnetic force value of the magnet under specific conditions, and it is one of the important indicators of the performance of the permanent magnet. The magnetic force level parameter can be affected by factors such as the volume, size, weight, and magnetic energy product of the permanent magnet material to set the value. 2. The principle of minimum magnetic resistance The magnetic resistance in a magnetic circuit is equal to the ratio of "magnetomotive force" to magnetic flux. This definition can be expressed as: R = F / Φ Where R is the magnetic resistance, with the unit of ampere-turns per weber, or turns per henry. F is the magnetomotive force, with the unit of ampere-turns. Φ is the magnetic flux, with the unit of weber. This law is sometimes called Hopkinson's law and is also known as Ohm's law of magnetic circuits. It is similar to Ohm's law of circuits. The inference of the "principle of minimum magnetic resistance" is that "magnetic flux always closes along the path of the minimum magnetic resistance, thereby generating magnetic tension and then forming an electromagnetic torque of magnetic resistance nature" and "magnetic force lines have the nature of trying to shorten the magnetic flux path to reduce magnetic resistance and increase magnetic conductance". 3. Magnetic flux Magnetic flux is a physical quantity that describes the distribution of a magnetic field, abbreviated as magnetic flux (Magnetic Flux), a scalar, with the symbol "Φ".

[0012] The technical solution adopted by this application to solve its technical problems is: an energy-saving dual-magnet motor based on the stator harmonious permanent magnet gradient magnetic field region, abbreviated as the energy-saving dual-magnet motor. It includes a frame, a stator, and a rotor. The stator includes stator electromagnetic poles and stator permanent magnet poles (i.e., dual-magnet stators); the rotor includes rotor permanent magnet poles.

[0013] In the stator of the above energy-saving dual-magnet motor, it includes stator electromagnetic poles and stator permanent magnet poles. Among them, the stator electromagnetic poles include at least one or more stator eccentric iron cores and an electro-excitation device of a coil winding wound on the stator eccentric iron cores. Among them, the stator permanent magnet poles include at least one or more permanent magnet gradient magnetic field regions, and within the magnetic field gradient, there are permanent magnets with gradient differentiation. Therefore, the stator is also called a dual-magnet stator or a dual-magnet harmonious stator.

[0014] In the above energy-saving dual-magnet motor, the dual-magnet stator is provided with stator permanent magnet poles and stator electromagnetic poles. Among them, the stator permanent magnet poles include at least one or more permanent magnets with a magnetic field gradient. The permanent magnets within this magnetic field gradient are arranged around the stator circumference in the same-pole and same-direction rule from weak to strong according to the magnetic field gradient vector direction, that is, the direction with the largest change in the magnetic field gradient. The permanent magnet pole interval section from the weakest to the strongest magnetic field gradient of the stator permanent magnet poles, this "permanent magnet electromotive force" created by the permanent magnet gradient magnetic field region is called the stator magnetic river. At both ends of the stator magnetic river, between the strongest end and the weakest end, they are not connected to each other. There is an interval section with an opening on the circumference, which is a dedicated interval section of the stator electromagnetic poles including the stator iron core and the coil winding, called the cross magnetic river.

[0015] In the rotor of the above energy-saving dual-magnet motor, the rotor includes a rotating shaft and rotor permanent magnet poles are provided on the outer edge of the rotor split-phase iron core sleeved on the shaft. Among the rotor permanent magnet poles, the permanent magnets are single-pole and in the same direction, and are paired with the stator permanent magnet poles in the dual-magnet harmonious stator. The permanent magnets rotate single-pole and do not cut the magnetic force lines of the coil winding to do work, and do not generate a back electromotive force.

[0016] Among the permanent magnets in the stator and rotor of the above energy-saving dual-magnet motor, in the selection of the magnetic pole arrangement pairing path, both magnetic attraction and magnetic repulsion are theoretically correct answers in terms of magnetic pole arrangement. For safety considerations, magnetic attraction will not generate an outward repulsive force, eliminating the risk of external explosion. Therefore, magnetic attraction is preferentially selected. Under the magnetic attraction of the stator permanent magnet poles, the rotor permanent magnet poles rotate directionally based on the magnetic field gradient principle. When a special design is selected, magnetic repulsion is used, and the principle is the same, but the rotation direction is opposite.

[0017] During the operation of the above-mentioned magnetic adsorption type energy-saving double-magnetic motor, the rotor includes a rotating shaft, and the outer edge of the rotor split-phase iron core on the sleeve shaft is provided with rotor permanent magnetic poles. Following the principle of magnetoelectricity, the magnetic field gradient of the stator permanent magnetic pole is a vector, and its direction is the direction in which the magnetic field gradient changes the most. According to the principle that "magnetic lines of force tend to shorten the magnetic flux path to reduce magnetic resistance and increase magnetic conductance", a single-phase permanent magnet in the rotor permanent magnetic pole, paired with the permanent magnet in the stator permanent magnetic pole, will flow from the weak end to the strong end of the magnetic river under the action of the magnetic river air gap. The single-phase permanent magnet of the rotor permanent magnetic pole rotates to the strong end of the stator magnetic river, and then relies on the energization of the excitation coil of the stator electromagnetic pole to do work. The pole transformation forms a rotating magnetic field, generating an instantaneous force of first attracting and then repelling, suppressing the high and low magnetic difference areas across the magnetic river. The multiple-phase permanent magnets of the rotor permanent magnetic pole are connected in series with the same air, continuously repeating this working process, rotating and running, and the rotor rotates perpetually to output power.

[0018] Currently, there are thousands of types of motors in the world, but the principle remains the same despite the numerous variations. The above-mentioned energy-saving double-magnetic motor has a stator on the outside and a rotor on the inside, and the typical technical solution name is the built-in rotor structure; when a special design of the surface rotor structure is required, the layout technical solution with the rotor on the outside and the stator on the inside is correctly selected. The principle is the same, but the layout is adjusted in the opposite direction. Since this is common knowledge for those skilled in the art of motors, no repetitive principle description will be made.

[0019] In the above-mentioned energy-saving double-magnetic motor, the "more energy-saving" feature comes from the substitution of most of the electromagnetic poles of the coil windings in the stator by the stator permanent magnetic poles. The concept of "double magnetism" means that both the stator and the rotor use permanent magnetic poles (permanent magnetic fields), and the stator includes stator electromagnetic poles and stator permanent magnetic poles. The double magnetism is harmonious, with clear cooperation and division of labor, which is a very subversive and practical improvement and innovation.

[0020] In summary, the energy-saving double-magnetic motor based on the harmonious permanent magnetic gradient magnetic field region of the stator has better energy-saving effects on the basis of inheriting the advantages of permanent magnet synchronous motors. It has fewer stator excitation coils. At high speeds, there is no reverse electromotive force interfering with and weakening the stator magnetic field, and no torque drop occurs. The rotor permanent magnetic poles are paired with a single same-pole and same-direction and double-magnetic stator. The single-pole self-rotation does not cut the magnetic lines of force of the coil windings to do work and does not generate reverse electromotive force, breaking the limitation of the motor operating speed. This application also has the following beneficial technical advantages: 1. The structure is simpler and the reliability is higher. Based on the structure of the energy-saving double-magnetic motor in the harmonious permanent magnetic gradient magnetic field region of the stator, most of the stator excitation coil windings are eliminated and replaced by the permanent magnetic poles of the permanent magnets, which is simpler than traditional permanent magnet motors. During the operation of the energy-saving double-magnetic motor, the related magnetic resistance torque pulsation and electromagnetic noise are much smaller. The energy-saving double-magnetic motor can be directly started without an auxiliary motor. 2. Higher average efficiency. The energy-saving dual-magnet motor based on the stator harmonious permanent magnet gradient magnetic field region has a higher efficiency than traditional permanent magnet motors. Under the prerequisite that the rotor is a permanent magnetic field, the stator permanent magnetic poles are increased, eliminating most of the resistance losses and iron losses of the stator windings. The rated working power of the energy-saving dual-magnet motor can reach over 96%. 3. Lower temperature rise. In the energy-saving dual-magnet motor based on the stator harmonious permanent magnet gradient magnetic field region, both the rotor and the stator use permanent magnetic materials as the magnetic source, reducing the excitation current connection, thereby reducing current losses and the temperature rise inside the motor. 4. Smaller motor volume and lighter weight. Since its structure is simpler than that of the original permanent magnet motor, it has a smaller volume and is lighter than traditional motors, making it more suitable for some applications with strict requirements for volume and weight. The volume and weight are greatly reduced compared to ordinary motors, and the size and shape of the motor are also flexible and diverse. Due to the simple structure and high efficiency of the motor, it can also achieve energy-saving and material-saving effects in the direction of material reduction and weight reduction. 5. Lower failure rate and wide application, facilitating product export. The raw material resources of the energy-saving dual-magnet motor and the motor manufacturing industry are both traditional industries with congenital development advantages in our country. Since high-performance rare earth permanent magnet materials can be used to provide a permanent magnetic field, the failure rate is lower and the use is more common. Neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material is a representative of rare earth permanent magnet materials. Manufacturing and exporting energy-saving dual-magnet motors will bring higher benefits than traditional rare earth products. It can be seen that our country has very promising development prospects in energy-saving dual-magnet motors.

[0021] The per capita resource endowment level in our country is relatively low, forcing us to take a step ahead of other countries in energy conservation and emission reduction. Energy conservation and emission reduction in the industrial field is an important measure. In the industrial field, industrial and mining enterprises are large energy consumers, and about 75% of the energy consumption is in motors. Excluding transportation energy consumption (high-speed rail, new energy vehicles, and battery cars), the service of energy-saving dual-magnet motors can save our country (excluding other countries) more than about 200 billion kWh of electricity per year (equivalent to the power generation of 2 "Three Gorges" power station projects), which is equivalent to saving 60 million tons of standard coal annually and reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 112 million tons.

[0022] Looking ahead, the energy-saving dual-magnet motor improved from traditional permanent magnet motors will be widely used in various fields due to its advantages such as high efficiency and energy conservation, and simple structure. It will also open up new field spaces in the science and engineering of motors and the development and utilization of magnetic field gradients. Actively promoting the motor industry in an all-round way will bring vitality, and the production and sales scale and economic benefits of exports to various countries will be greatly improved. Description of the Drawings

[0023] The following further describes the present application in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Figure 1 The energy-saving dual-magnetic motor, which is the first preferred model of the present application, is the main schematic diagram and is also used as an illustration of the abstract of the specification. It is a schematic diagram of the electromechanical structure layout of a stator with four poles (two of which are stator electromagnetic poles; two stator permanent magnet poles are two 2*3 permanent magnet poles with independent magnetic field gradients, with 6 permanent magnets of the same pole and direction, and the gradient values ​​are distinguished by the size of the pole character symbol and the magnetic force level parameters, and are arranged circularly in the vector direction) and a rotor with three-phase rotor permanent magnet poles (three permanent magnets are paired with stator permanent magnet poles).

[0025] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the principle of magnetic field gradient; The rate of change of magnetic field intensity with spatial displacement is represented by the symbol dH / dx. The magnetic field gradient is a vector whose direction is the direction of the maximum change of magnetic field gradient. And in a uniform magnetic field (dH / dx) = 0; in a non-uniform magnetic field (dH / dx) ≠ 0. Figure 2 The figure shows that a permanent magnetic gradient magnetic field region is created by using a permanent magnet, which also has the nature of "permanent magnetomotive force".

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the minimum magnetic resistance principle; The magnetic resistance in a magnetic circuit is equal to the ratio of the "magnetomotive force" to the magnetic flux. This definition can be expressed as: R = F / Φ. Figure 3 It is shown that the magnetic lines of force have the nature of trying to shorten the magnetic flux path to reduce magnetic resistance and increase magnetic permeance.

[0027] Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The main schematic diagram of the energy-saving dual-magnetic motor of the second preferred model of the present application is a stator with two poles (one of which is a stator electromagnetic pole; one stator permanent magnet pole is a stator permanent magnet pole with an independent magnetic field gradient, with a total of 1*6=6 permanent magnets of the same pole and direction, and the size of the magnetic pole character symbol is used to identify the magnetic force level parameter to distinguish the gradient value, and the vector direction is arranged in a circular manner) and the rotor is a two-phase rotor permanent magnet pole (two permanent magnets and stator permanent magnet pole permanent magnets are paired) energy-saving dual-magnetic motor structure layout, rotor running direction rotation position arrow indication, and power circuit control layout, in the shutdown state ( Figure 4 ) and power-on status ( Figure 5 and Figure 6 ), 3 schematic diagrams of the same model.

[0028] Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9This is the main schematic diagram of the energy-saving dual-magnet motor for the third preferred model of this application. It is a structure layout of an energy-saving dual-magnet motor with a stator having a total of two poles (one stator electromagnetic pole; one stator permanent magnet pole, with a total of 1*4 = 4 permanent magnets of the same pole and in the same direction in one magnetic field gradient, and the magnetic force level parameters are identified by the size of the magnetic pole character symbol to distinguish the gradient values, and are arranged in a circular order along the vector direction), and a rotor with 2-phase rotor permanent magnet poles (where 2 permanent magnets are paired with the permanent magnets of the stator permanent magnet pole), the rotation direction of the rotor, the arrow indication of the rotation position, and the power circuit control layout. In the shutdown state ( Figure 7 ), and in the startup state ( Figure 8 and Figure 9 ), there are 3 schematic diagrams of the same model.

[0029] Figure 10 、 Figure 11 and Figure 12 This is the main schematic diagram of the energy-saving dual-magnet motor for the fourth preferred model of this application. It is a structure layout of an energy-saving dual-magnet motor with a stator having a total of three poles (two stator electromagnetic poles; one stator permanent magnet pole, with a total of 1*5 = 5 permanent magnets of the same pole and in the same direction in one magnetic field gradient, and the magnetic force level parameters are identified by the size of the magnetic pole character symbol to distinguish the gradient values, and are arranged in a circular order along the vector direction), and a rotor with three-phase rotor permanent magnet poles (where three permanent magnets are paired with the permanent magnets of the stator permanent magnet pole), the rotation direction of the rotor, the arrow indication of the rotation position, and the power circuit control layout. In the shutdown state ( Figure 10 ), and in the startup state ( Figure 11 and Figure 12 ), there are 3 schematic diagrams of the same model.

[0030] Figure 13 This is the main schematic diagram of the energy-saving dual-magnet motor for the first preferred model of this application, showing 7 consecutive dynamic decomposition diagrams of the rotor rotating 120° angular positions. It clearly shows dynamic information such as the position where the rotor permanent magnet pole rotates, the sorting setting of the stator permanent magnet pole, and the working state of the stator electromagnetic pole pole direction conversion, demonstrating the actual operating situation of the energy-saving dual-magnet motor based on the harmonious permanent magnet gradient magnetic field region of the stator.

[0031] Figure 14 This is the main schematic diagram of the energy-saving dual-magnet motor for the fifth preferred model of this application, which is a modified design. The main difference is the stator permanent magnet pole, which has two independent magnetic field gradients with 2*1 = 2 permanent magnets. It mainly shows individually that the stator permanent magnet pole is a single permanent magnet, and the magnetic force level parameter value is obtained by adjusting the thickness. It is a schematic diagram of the shape of the permanent magnet creating the magnetic field gradient in the integrated structure.

[0032] Figure 15This is the main schematic diagram of the energy-saving dual-magnet motor of the sixth preferred model of this application. It is a deformation design and an equivalent transformation model, including a machine base, a stator, and a rotor. It is a schematic diagram of the layout technology of an outer rotor and an inner stator. Different from the typical technical solution where the stator of the energy-saving dual-magnet motor is outside and the rotor is inside, the two layouts are inside and outside, swapped in opposite directions, but the principle is the same.

[0033] Figure 16 This is the main schematic diagram of the seventh preferred energy-saving dual-magnet motor of this application. It is a double-pin complex deformation design of a repeated module and an equivalent doubling design, including a machine base, a stator, and a rotor. All magnetic poles in the stator and rotor adopt a horseshoe shape. One magnetic pole end of the horseshoe-shaped permanent magnet of the rotor works with the corresponding single stator module according to the magnetic pole pairing method.

[0034] The names of the components indicated by the reference numerals in the drawings are listed as follows: 1. Machine base, 2. Stator, 21. Stator electromagnetic pole, 211. Stator eccentric iron core, 212. Coil winding, 22. Stator permanent magnet pole, 3. Rotor, 31. Rotating shaft, 32. Rotor phase-splitting iron core, 321. Rotor permanent magnet pole. Specific embodiments

Embodiment 1

[0035] The following is further described in detail with reference to the attached Figure 1 drawings for this embodiment.

[0036] This Embodiment 1 is the main schematic diagram of the energy-saving dual-magnet motor of the first preferred model of this application. Referring to Figure 1 , it is the main schematic diagram of the energy-saving dual-magnet motor of this application and is also used as the attached drawing of the specification abstract. It is a schematic diagram of the electromechanical structure layout where the stator 2 has a total of four poles (two of which are stator electromagnetic poles 21; two stator permanent magnet poles 22 are 2*3, a total of 6 permanent magnets with the same pole and the same direction of two independent magnetic field gradients, and the magnetic force level parameters are distinguished by the size of the magnetic pole character symbols to obtain the gradient values, and they are arranged in a circular order along the vector direction), and the rotor 3 is a three-phase rotor permanent magnet pole (three of which are permanent magnets paired with the permanent magnets of the stator permanent magnet pole).

[0037] Referring to Figure 1 , the energy-saving dual-magnet motor based on the harmonious permanent magnet gradient magnetic field region of the stator includes a machine base 1, a stator 2, and a rotor 3; the stator 2 includes a stator electromagnetic pole 21 and a stator permanent magnet pole 22, and the rotor 3 includes a rotor permanent magnet pole 321.

[0038] Referring to Figure 1, the above-mentioned stator 2 includes a stator electromagnetic pole 21 and a stator permanent magnet pole 22. Among them, the two stator electromagnetic poles 21 include an electro-excitation device of a stator eccentric iron core 211 and a coil winding 212 wound around the stator eccentric iron core 211; among the two stator permanent magnet poles (22), there are two permanent magnet gradient magnetic field regions, and within the magnetic field gradient, there are 2×3 = 6 permanent magnets with gradient differentiation. Therefore, the stator (2) is also called a dual-magnet stator.

[0039] Refer to Figure 1 , the above-mentioned rotor 3 includes a rotating shaft 31 and a rotor split-phase iron core 32 sleeved on the shaft. The outer edge of the rotor split-phase iron core 32 is provided with a rotor permanent magnet pole 321. Among the rotor permanent magnet poles 321, the permanent magnets are single-polar and in the same direction, and are paired with the permanent magnets of the stator permanent magnet pole 22 in the dual-magnet compatible stator 2.

[0040] Refer to Figure 1 , among the permanent magnets between the above-mentioned stator 2 and rotor 3, in the selection of the arrangement and pairing path, the magnetic attraction type is selected. Under the magnetic attraction of the stator permanent magnet pole 22, the rotor permanent magnet pole 321 rotates clockwise based on the magnetic pull force of the magnetic field gradient.

[0041] Refer to Figure 1 , the above-mentioned dual-magnet stator 2 is provided with a stator permanent magnet pole 22 and a stator electromagnetic pole 21. Among them, the stator permanent magnet pole 22 includes two groups of magnetic field gradient permanent magnets. There are three permanent magnets in a single group of magnetic field gradients. According to the direction of the magnetic field gradient vector, that is, the direction with the largest change in the magnetic field gradient, the same poles are in the same direction and are arranged from weak to strong in a regular manner around the circumference of the stator 2 on the left and right sides; in the section of the stator magnetic pole interval from the weakest to the strongest magnetic field gradient, this "permanent magnet electromotive force" created by the permanent magnet gradient magnetic field region is called the stator magnetic river. At both ends of the stator magnetic river, the strongest end and the weakest end are not connected to each other, but there is an interval section with a circumferential opening. In the middle position around the circumference of the stator 2 on the upper and lower sides, there is a dedicated section for the stator electromagnetic pole 21, which includes a stator eccentric iron core 211 and a coil winding 212, and is called the cross magnetic river.

[0042] Refer to Figure 1When the energy-saving dual-magnet motor is started and running, the rotor 3 includes a rotating shaft 31 and a rotor phase core 32 on the sleeve shaft. The outer edge is provided with a rotor permanent magnet pole 321. According to the magnetoelectric principle, the magnetic field gradient of the stator permanent magnet pole 22 is a vector, and its direction is the direction of the maximum change of the magnetic field gradient; according to the nature of "the magnetic field line has the tendency to shorten the magnetic flux path to reduce magnetic resistance and increase magnetic permeability", the single-phase permanent magnet in the rotor permanent magnet pole 321 is paired with the permanent magnet in the stator permanent magnet pole 22, and the magnetic river Under the action of the air gap, it will flow from the weak end of the magnetic river to the strong end; the single-phase permanent magnet of the rotor permanent magnet pole 321 rotates to the strong end of the stator magnetic river, and then relies on the stator electromagnetic pole (21) excitation coil to energize and do work, the magnetic pole change forms a rotating magnetic field, and generates an instantaneous force that first attracts and then repels, smoothing the high and low magnetic difference areas across the magnetic river. The three-phase permanent magnets of the rotor permanent magnet pole 321 are connected, and the working process is repeated continuously, rotating and running, the rotor rotates continuously, and power is output.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 In the figure, there is no electrical control system drawn, which is the original stop state of the energy-saving dual-magnetic motor. The electromagnetic pole 21 should not have any polarity display. Figure 1 In the figure, the polarity character of the electromagnetic pole 21 is described in brackets. The polarity is displayed as (S) or (N). This is not a mislabeling. It is used to represent the starting polarity character after the current is connected to the electromagnetic pole 21 at the moment when the motor stops and starts. Figure 1 It is only for reference and understanding, and only for the real display of the moment of stopping and starting. To understand the electrical control, please refer to the following three embodiments with electrical diagrams. Therefore, the description of the dynamic position of the rotor and the state of the electrical system linkage control switch in the startup state will not be made for the time being.

[0044] Reference Figure 13 Main schematic diagram of energy-saving dual magnetic motor for this application Figure 1 For the same model, 7 dynamic continuous images when the rotor 3 rotates 120° clearly show the dynamic information such as the rotation position of the rotor permanent magnet pole 321, the arrangement setting of the stator permanent magnet pole 22, the polarity conversion working status of the stator electromagnetic pole 21, etc., showing the real operation status of the energy-saving dual-magnet motor based on the stator 2 harmonious permanent magnet pole 22. [Example 2]

[0045] The following is combined with Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 This embodiment is described in further detail.

[0046] This embodiment 2 is a main schematic diagram of the energy-saving dual-magnetic motor of the second preferred model of the present application. Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6, is the structural layout of an energy-saving dual-magnet motor with a stator having a total of two poles (one stator electromagnetic pole; one stator permanent magnet pole, with a total of 1*6 permanent magnets of the same pole and in the same direction in an independent magnetic field gradient, and the magnetic force level parameters are identified by the size of the magnetic pole character symbol to distinguish the gradient values, and are arranged in a circular order along the vector direction), a rotor being a two-phase rotor permanent magnet pole (where two permanent magnets are paired with the permanent magnets of the stator permanent magnet pole), the indication of the rotation position arrow of the rotor running direction, and the control layout of the power supply circuit. In the shutdown state ( Figure 4 ), and in the startup state ( Figure 5 and Figure 6 ), there are 3 schematic diagrams of the same model.

[0047] Refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , the energy-saving dual-magnet motor based on the harmonious permanent magnet gradient magnetic field region of the stator includes a machine base 1, a stator 2, and a rotor 3; the stator 2 includes a stator electromagnetic pole 21 and a stator permanent magnet pole 22, and the rotor 3 includes a rotor permanent magnet pole 321.

[0048] Refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , the above-mentioned stator 2 includes a stator electromagnetic pole 21 and a stator permanent magnet pole 22. One of the stator electromagnetic poles 21 includes an electro-excitation device of a stator eccentric iron core 211 and a coil winding 212 wound around the stator eccentric iron core 211. One of the stator permanent magnet poles (22) includes a permanent magnet gradient magnetic field region, and the magnetic field gradient includes 1*6 = 6 permanent magnets with gradient differentiation. Therefore, the stator (2) is also called a dual-magnet stator.

[0049] Refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , the above-mentioned rotor 3 includes a rotating shaft 31 and a rotor split-phase iron core 32 sleeved on the shaft, and a rotor permanent magnet pole 321 is provided on the outer edge. The permanent magnets of the rotor permanent magnet pole 321 are of the same single pole and in the same direction, and are paired with the permanent magnets of the stator permanent magnet pole 22 in the dual-magnet harmonious stator 2.

[0050] Refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , in the selection of the arrangement and pairing path between the permanent magnets of the above-mentioned stator 2 and rotor 3, the magnetic attraction type is selected. Under the magnetic attraction of the stator permanent magnet pole 22, the rotor permanent magnet pole 321 rotates in the clockwise direction based on the magnetic pull of the magnetic field gradient.

[0051] Refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6, The above double magnetic stator 2 is provided with stator permanent magnetic poles 22 and stator electromagnetic poles 21. Among them, the stator permanent magnetic poles 22 include a group of magnetic field gradient permanent magnets. There are 6 permanent magnets in a single group of magnetic field gradients. According to the direction of the magnetic field gradient vector, that is, the direction with the largest change in magnetic field gradient, the like poles are arranged in the same direction from weak to strong according to the rule, around the lower part of the circumference of the stator 2, leaving the middle position on the circumference vacant. The interval section of the permanent magnetic pole area from the weakest to the strongest stator magnetic field gradient. This "permanent magnetic electromotive force" created by the permanent magnetic gradient magnetic field area is called the stator magnetic river. At both ends of the stator magnetic river, between the strongest end and the weakest end, they are not connected to each other, but there is an interval section with a circumferential opening. At the middle position in the upper part of the circumference around the stator 2, there is a dedicated interval section of the stator electromagnetic pole 21, which includes a stator eccentric iron core 211 and a coil winding 212, called the cross magnetic river.

[0052] Refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , During the startup and operation of the energy-saving double magnetic motor, the rotor 3 includes a rotating shaft 31 and a rotor split-phase iron core 32 sleeved on the shaft. The outer edge is provided with rotor permanent magnetic poles 321. Following the principle of magnetoelectricity, the magnetic field gradient of the stator permanent magnetic poles 22 is a vector, and its direction is the direction with the largest change in magnetic field gradient; according to the "nature that magnetic force lines tend to shorten the magnetic flux path to reduce magnetic resistance and increase magnetic conductance", a single-phase permanent magnet in the rotor permanent magnetic poles 321 is paired with the permanent magnet in the stator permanent magnetic poles 22. Under the action of the magnetic river air gap, it will flow from the weakest end of the magnetic river to the strongest end; when the single-phase permanent magnet of the rotor permanent magnetic poles 321 rotates to the strongest end of the stator magnetic river, and then relying on the energization of the excitation coil of the stator electromagnetic pole 21 to do work, the magnetic pole transformation forms a rotating magnetic field, generating an instantaneous force of first attracting and then repelling, suppressing the high and low magnetic difference area to cross the magnetic river. The two-phase permanent magnets of the rotor permanent magnetic poles 321 are connected by the same air, continuously repeating this working process, rotating and operating, and the rotor rotates permanently to output power.

[0053] Refer to Figure 4 This is the original stop state of the energy-saving double magnetic motor. The electromagnetic poles have no polarity display and are in a non-operating state. There is no description of the dynamic rotor position and the linkage control switch state of the electrical system.

[0054] Refer to Figure 5 This is the startup state of the energy-saving double magnetic motor. The normally closed contact of the travel switch QS linked to the rotating shaft 31 of the rotor 3 is connected to the power supply. The stator electromagnetic pole 21 works to generate excitation, and the polarity is S. Under the action of the electromagnetic magnetic pulling force, the two-phase rotor permanent magnetic poles 321, Figure 5 The left N-pole permanent magnet in it will directly rotate to the cross magnetic river section in the magnetic river section. At the same time, the two-phase rotor permanent magnetic poles 321, Figure 5 The right N-pole permanent magnet in it will, under the action of the magnetic river (permanent magnetic electromotive force) air gap, rotate from the weakest section to the middle section of the magnetic river.

[0055] Refer toFigure 6 It is the starting state of the energy-saving double-magnet motor. When the permanent magnet poles 321 of the two-phase rotor are directly below the permanent magnet in Figure 6 with the polarity of N and rotate to cross the magnetic river section, the travel switch QS linked to the position there will sense and act at this time. The normally closed contact will disconnect and the normally open contact will connect the power supply. The stator electromagnetic pole 21 will work to generate excitation with the polarity of N. Under the action of the electromagnetic repulsion force, among the two-phase rotor permanent magnet poles 321 paired with the stator electromagnetic pole 21, in Figure 6 the N-pole permanent magnet at the upper middle position leaves the cross-magnetic river section and enters the next directional rotation in the air-gap action area of the magnetic river (permanent magnet motive force). At the same time, the permanent magnet of the other phase of the two-phase rotor permanent magnet pole 321, in Figure 6 the N-pole permanent magnet at the lower middle position will displace from the middle section to the strongest section under the action of the air gap of the magnetic river (permanent magnet motive force). Finally, under the action of the rotating magnetic field of the stator electromagnetic pole 21, it enters the cross-magnetic river section, then leaves the cross-magnetic river section and enters the magnetic river, continuously repeating this working process, rotating and operating, and the rotor 3 rotates perpetually to output power.

Embodiment 3

[0056] The following will further elaborate on this embodiment in conjunction with the attached Figure 7 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9 for a more detailed description.

[0057] Embodiment 3 of this example is the main schematic diagram of the energy-saving double-magnet motor of the third preferred model of this application. Referring to Figure 7 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9 , it shows the structural layout of the energy-saving double-magnet motor with a stator 2 having two poles (one stator electromagnetic pole 21; one stator permanent magnet pole 22 with a total of 1*4 permanent magnets of the same pole and the same direction in an independent magnetic field gradient, and the magnetic force level parameters are identified by the size of the magnetic pole word symbol to distinguish the gradient values, and are arranged in a circular order along the vector direction), a rotor 3 with two-phase rotor permanent magnet poles 321 (where two permanent magnets are paired with the permanent magnets of the stator permanent magnet pole 22), the rotation direction and position arrow indication of the rotor 3, and the power supply circuit control layout in the shutdown state ( Figure 7 ) and the startup state ( Figure 8 and Figure 9 ) of the same model in three schematic diagrams.

[0058] Referring to Figure 7 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9 , the energy-saving double-magnet motor based on the harmonious permanent magnet gradient magnetic field region of the stator includes a machine base 1, a stator 2, and a rotor 3; the stator 2 includes a stator electromagnetic pole 21 and a stator permanent magnet pole 22, and the rotor 3 includes rotor permanent magnet poles 321.

[0059] Referring to Figure 7 、 Figure 8 、Figure 9 , the stator 2 described above includes stator electromagnetic poles 21 and stator permanent magnet poles 22. One of the stator electromagnetic poles 21 includes a stator eccentric iron core 211 and an electric excitation device of a coil winding 212 wound around the stator eccentric iron core 211. One of the stator permanent magnet poles (22) includes a permanent magnet gradient magnetic field region, and within the magnetic field gradient, there are 1×4 = 4 permanent magnets with only gradient differentiations. Therefore, the stator (2) is also called a dual-magnet stator.

[0060] Refer to Figure 7 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 8 , the rotor 3 described above includes a rotating shaft 31 and a rotor split-phase iron core 32 sleeved on the shaft. The outer edge of the rotor split-phase iron core 32 is provided with rotor permanent magnet poles 321. Among the rotor permanent magnet poles 321, the permanent magnets are single-polar and in the same direction, and are paired with the permanent magnets of the stator permanent magnet poles 22 in the dual-magnet compatible stator 2.

[0061] Refer to Figure 7 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9 , between the permanent magnets of the stator 2 and the rotor 3 described above, in the selection of the arrangement and pairing path, the magnetic attraction type is selected. Under the magnetic attraction of the stator permanent magnet poles 22, the rotor permanent magnet poles 321 rotate in the clockwise direction based on the magnetic pull force of the magnetic field gradient.

[0062] Refer to Figure 7 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9 , the dual-magnet stator 2 described above is provided with stator permanent magnet poles 22 and stator electromagnetic poles 21. The stator permanent magnet poles 22 include a group of magnetic field gradient permanent magnets. Four permanent magnets are within a single group of magnetic field gradients. According to the direction of the magnetic field gradient vector, that is, the direction with the largest change in the magnetic field gradient, the permanent magnets are arranged in the same pole and in the same direction from weak to strong, and are arranged around the lower part of the circumference of the stator 2, leaving the middle position on the circumference empty. The permanent magnet pole interval section from the weakest to the strongest in the stator magnetic field gradient. This "permanent magnet electromotive force" created by the permanent magnet gradient magnetic field region is called the stator magnetic river. At both ends of the stator magnetic river, the strongest end and the weakest end are not connected to each other, but there is an interval section with a circumferential opening. At the middle position around the circumference of the stator 2, there is a dedicated interval section for the stator electromagnetic poles 21 including the stator eccentric iron core 211 and the coil winding 212, which is called crossing the magnetic river.

[0063] Refer to Figure 7 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9, During the operation of the energy-saving dual-magnetic motor, the rotor 3 includes a rotating shaft 31 and a rotor split-phase iron core 32 on the sleeve shaft. There are rotor permanent magnetic poles 321 on the outer edge. Following the magnetoelectric principle, the magnetic field gradient of the stator permanent magnetic pole 22 is a vector, and its direction is the direction where the magnetic field gradient changes the most. According to the principle that "magnetic lines of force tend to shorten the magnetic flux path to reduce magnetic resistance and increase magnetic conductance", a single-phase permanent magnet in the rotor permanent magnetic pole 321 is paired with a permanent magnet in the stator permanent magnetic pole 22. Under the action of the magnetic river air gap, it will flow from the weak end of the magnetic river to the strong end. When the single-phase permanent magnet of the rotor permanent magnetic pole (321) rotates to the strong end of the stator magnetic river, and then relying on the energization of the excitation coil of the stator electromagnetic pole (21) to do work, the pole transformation forms a rotating magnetic field, generating an instantaneous force of first attracting and then repelling, suppressing the high and low magnetic difference area across the magnetic river. The two-phase permanent magnets of the rotor permanent magnetic pole (321) are connected in parallel, continuously repeating this working process, rotating and running, and the rotor rotates perpetually to output power.

[0064] Refer to Figure 7 This is the original stopped state of the energy-saving dual-magnetic motor. The electromagnetic poles show no polarity, indicating a non-operating state, and there is no description of the dynamic position of the rotor and the linkage control switch state of the electrical system.

[0065] Refer to Figure 8 This is the startup state of the energy-saving dual-magnetic motor. Figure 8 In it, the magnetic pole of the lower right permanent magnet in the two-phase rotor permanent magnetic pole 321 is N, and the position information is sensed by the sensor CGQ H-1 and transmitted to the driver, causing a downward movement. The lower contact in the electrical control is turned on to supply power, and the stator electromagnetic pole 21 works to generate excitation with a polarity of S. Under the action of the electromagnetic magnetic pulling force, the two-phase rotor permanent magnetic pole 321, in Figure 8 the upper left N-pole permanent magnet will directly rotate across the magnetic river section in the magnetic river section. At the same time, the two-phase rotor permanent magnetic pole 321, in Figure 8 the lower right N-pole permanent magnet will rotate from the weak section to the middle section under the action of the magnetic river (permanent magnet motive force) air gap.

[0066] Refer to Figure 9 This is the startup state of the energy-saving dual-magnetic motor. The two-phase rotor permanent magnetic pole 321 is in Figure 9 where the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet directly below is N, and the position information is sensed by the sensor CGQ H-2 and transmitted to the driver, causing an upward movement. The upper contact in the electrical control is turned on to supply power, and the stator electromagnetic pole 21 works to generate excitation with a polarity of N. Under the action of the electromagnetic magnetic repulsion, the two-phase rotor permanent magnetic pole 321, in Figure 9 the upper N-pole permanent magnet directly above will rotate to the magnetic river section across the magnetic river section. At the same time, the two-phase rotor permanent magnetic pole 321, in Figure 9The N - pole permanent magnet at the lower side of the center will, under the action of the air gap of the magnetic river (permanent magnet motive force), turn from the middle section of the magnetic river to the strong end. Finally, under the action of the rotating magnetic field of the stator electromagnetic pole 21, it enters the magnetic river crossing section, then leaves the magnetic river crossing section and enters the magnetic river, continuously repeating this working process, rotating and running, and the rotor 3 rotates perpetually to output power.

Embodiment 4

[0067] The following will further elaborate on this embodiment in conjunction with the attached Figure 10 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 12 for a more detailed description.

[0068] Embodiment 4 of this example is the main schematic diagram of the energy - saving dual - magnet motor of the fourth preferred model of this application. Refer to Figure 10 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 12 , which are the structural layout of the energy - saving dual - magnet motor with three poles in the stator 2 (two of which are stator electromagnetic poles 21; one of the stator permanent magnet poles 22 has a total of 1 * 5 permanent magnets with the same pole and the same direction in an independent magnetic field gradient, and the magnetic force level parameters are identified by the size of the pole - character symbol to distinguish the gradient values, and they are arranged in a circular order along the vector direction), the rotor 3 is a three - phase rotor permanent magnet pole 321 (where three permanent magnets are paired with the permanent magnets of the stator permanent magnet pole 22), the arrow indication of the running direction and rotation position of the rotor 3, and the power - supply circuit control layout, in the shutdown state ( Figure 4 ) and the startup state ( Figure 5 and Figure 6 ) of three schematic diagrams of the same model.

[0069] Refer to Figure 10 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 12 , the energy - saving dual - magnet motor based on the harmonious permanent - magnet gradient magnetic - field region of the stator includes a machine base 1, a stator 2, and a rotor 3; the stator 2 includes a stator electromagnetic pole 21 and a stator permanent magnet pole 22, and the rotor 3 includes a rotor permanent magnet pole 321.

[0070] Refer to Figure 10 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 12 , the above - mentioned stator 2 includes a stator electromagnetic pole 21 and a stator permanent magnet pole 22, where the stator electromagnetic pole 21 has two electric - excitation devices including a stator eccentric iron core 211 and a coil winding 212 wound around the stator eccentric iron core 211, and the stator permanent magnet pole (22) has one including a permanent - magnet gradient magnetic - field region, and the magnetic - field gradient includes 1 * 5 = 5 permanent magnets with gradient differentiation. Therefore, the stator (2) is also called a dual - magnet stator.

[0071] Refer to Figure 10 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 12, the above-mentioned rotor 3 includes a rotating shaft 31 and a rotor split-phase iron core 32 sleeved on the shaft. The outer edge of the rotor split-phase iron core 32 is provided with rotor permanent magnetic poles 321. Among the rotor permanent magnetic poles 321, the permanent magnets are single-pole and in the same direction, and are paired with the permanent magnets of the stator permanent magnetic poles 22 in the double-magnetic harmonious stator 2.

[0072] Refer to Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 , between the permanent magnets of the above-mentioned stator 2 and rotor 3, in the selection of the arrangement and pairing path, the magnetic attraction type is selected. Under the magnetic attraction of the stator permanent magnetic poles 22, the rotor permanent magnetic poles 321 rotate clockwise based on the magnetic field gradient magnetic pulling force.

[0073] Refer to Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 , the above-mentioned double-magnetic stator 2 is provided with stator permanent magnetic poles 22 and stator electromagnetic poles 21. Among them, the stator permanent magnetic poles 22 include a group of magnetic field gradient permanent magnets. Five permanent magnets in a single group of magnetic field gradients are arranged in the same direction from weak to strong according to the magnetic field gradient vector direction, that is, the direction with the largest change in magnetic field gradient, and are arranged around the lower part of the circumference of the stator 2, leaving the middle position on the circumference vacant. The permanent magnetic pole interval section from the weakest to the strongest of the stator magnetic field gradient. This "permanent magnetic electromotive force" created by the permanent magnetic gradient magnetic field region is called the stator magnetic river. At both ends of the stator magnetic river, the strongest end and the weakest end are not connected to each other, but there is an interval section with a circumferential opening. In the middle position around the circumference of the stator 2, there is a special interval section for the two stator electromagnetic poles 21, which includes a stator eccentric iron core 211 and a coil winding 212, and is called the cross magnetic river.

[0074] Refer to Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 , during the start-up and operation of the energy-saving double-magnetic motor, the rotor 3 includes a rotating shaft 31 and a rotor split-phase iron core 32 sleeved on the shaft. The outer edge of the rotor split-phase iron core 32 is provided with rotor permanent magnetic poles 321. Following the magnetoelectric principle, the magnetic field gradient of the stator permanent magnetic poles 22 is a vector, and its direction is the direction with the largest change in magnetic field gradient; according to the "nature that magnetic force lines tend to shorten the magnetic flux path to reduce magnetic resistance and increase magnetic conductance", the single-phase permanent magnets in the rotor permanent magnetic poles 321 are paired with the permanent magnets in the stator permanent magnetic poles 22. Under the action of the magnetic river air gap, they will flow from the weakest end of the magnetic river to the strongest end; the single-phase permanent magnets of the rotor permanent magnetic poles (321) rotate to the strongest end of the stator magnetic river, and then rely on the energization of the excitation coils of the two stator electromagnetic poles (21) to do work, and the magnetic poles are transformed to form a rotating magnetic field. The two stator electromagnetic poles (21) gradually transform the magnetic poles one by one, and all generate instantaneous forces of first attraction and then repulsion, suppressing the high and low magnetic difference regions to cross the magnetic river. The three-phase permanent magnets of the rotor permanent magnetic poles (321) are connected in series with the same air, and continuously repeat this working process to rotate and operate, and the rotor 3 rotates continuously to output power.

[0075] Refer to Figure 10It is the original stop state of the energy-saving dual-magnetic motor. The electromagnetic poles show no polarity, indicating a non-operating state. There is no description of the dynamic rotor position and the linkage control switch state of the electrical system.

[0076] Refer to Figure 11 It is the startup state of the energy-saving dual-magnetic motor. Figure 11 In the three-phase rotor permanent magnet pole 321, the permanent magnet pole on the lower right side is N. The position information is sensed by the sensor CGQ H-1 and transmitted to the driver, causing it to move upward. The upper contact in the electrical control is turned on to supply power. The three-phase rotor permanent magnet pole 321, in Figure 11 The N-pole permanent magnet on the upper right side will be under the dual action of the repulsive force of the stator electromagnetic pole 21 with N polarity on the right side of the magnetic river crossing section and the air-gap magnetic pull of the magnetic river (permanent magnet motive force). It will turn from the middle section of the stator electromagnetic pole 21 on the right side of the magnetic river crossing section to the weak section of the magnetic river. At the same time, Figure 11 The stator electromagnetic pole 21 at the upper left position works to generate excitation with S polarity. Under the action of the electromagnetic magnetic pull, the two-phase rotor permanent magnet poles 321, in Figure 11 The N-pole permanent magnet on the upper left side will directly turn to the middle of the stator electromagnetic pole 21 on the left side of the magnetic river crossing section in the strong section of the magnetic river. At the same time, the three-phase rotor permanent magnet poles 321, in Figure 11 The N-pole permanent magnet on the lower right side will turn from the middle section of the magnetic river to the strong section under the action of the air gap of the magnetic river (permanent magnet motive force).

[0077] Refer to Figure 12 It is the startup state of the energy-saving dual-magnetic motor. The three-phase rotor permanent magnet poles 321 are in Figure 12 The permanent magnet pole on the lower left is N. The position information is sensed by the sensor CGQ H-2 and transmitted to the driver, causing it to move downward. The upper contact in the electrical control is turned on to supply power. In Figure 11 The stator electromagnetic pole 21 at the upper left position works to generate excitation with N polarity. Under the action of the electromagnetic magnetic repulsion, the two-phase rotor permanent magnet poles 321, in Figure 12 The N-pole permanent magnet at the upper left position will turn from the stator electromagnetic pole 21 at the upper left position of the magnetic river crossing section to the stator electromagnetic pole 21 at the upper right position. At the same time, the three-phase rotor permanent magnet poles 321, in Figure 12 The N-pole permanent magnet on the right side will turn from the weak end of the magnetic river to the middle section under the action of the air gap of the magnetic river (permanent magnet motive force). At the same time, the three-phase rotor permanent magnet poles 321, in Figure 12 The N-pole permanent magnet on the lower left side will turn from the middle section of the magnetic river to the strong end under the action of the air gap of the magnetic river (permanent magnet motive force). Finally, under the action of the rotating magnetic field of the two stator electromagnetic poles 21, it enters the magnetic river crossing section, then leaves the magnetic river crossing section, and enters the magnetic river, continuously repeating this working process, rotating and running, and the rotor 3 rotates perpetually to output power.

[0078] The above two stator electromagnetic poles 21 are energized in the electrical control circuit, and the contact points are repeatedly exchanged to change the magnetic pole polarity. By controlling the DC power supply, a reaction operation process similar to that of a three-phase alternating current is simulated.

Embodiment 5

[0079] The following will further elaborate on this embodiment with reference to the attached Figure 14 drawings.

[0080] Currently, the motor models in the world are ever-changing. Those based on a certain same principle and serialized are all variations on the same theme. Embodiment 5 of this application is an energy-saving dual-magnet motor, which is the fifth preferred model of this application. It is an equivalent substitution design of the attached Figure 1 drawings. Referring to the attached Figure 14 drawings, it includes a machine base 1, a stator 2, and a rotor 3; the stator 2 includes stator electromagnetic poles 21 and stator permanent magnet poles 22; the rotor 3 includes rotor permanent magnet poles 321. Among them, the stator 2 has a total of four poles, including two stator electromagnetic poles 21 and two stator permanent magnet poles 22, which are two permanent magnets. The stator permanent magnet pole 22 creates a magnetic field gradient for a single permanent magnet. The main difference in the Figure 1 structural schematic diagram lies in the stator permanent magnet pole 21. In this embodiment, there are 2 independent magnetic field gradients, which are 2*1, i.e., 2 permanent magnets. The stator permanent magnet pole 21 is mainly shown individually. For a single permanent magnet, by adjusting the thickness, the magnetic force level parameter values are obtained. It is a model of the shape schematic diagram of the permanent magnet that creates a magnetic field gradient in the integrated structure.

Embodiment 6

[0081] The following will further elaborate on this embodiment with reference to the attached Figure 15 drawings.

[0082] Currently, the motor models in the world are ever-changing. Those based on a certain same principle and serialized are all variations on the same theme. Embodiment 6 of this application is an energy-saving dual-magnet motor, which is the sixth preferred model of this application. It is an equivalent transformation design of the attached Figure 1 drawings into a surface-type rotor structure. Referring to Figure 15 drawings, it includes a machine base 1, a stator 2, and a rotor 3. It is a layout technical solution with the rotor 3 on the outside and the stator 2 on the inside. While referring to Figure 1 drawings, it is an energy-saving dual-magnet motor based on the stator harmonious permanent magnet gradient magnetic field region. It is a typical technical solution with the stator 2 on the outside and the rotor 3 on the inside, an in-built rotor structure. It is an equivalent transformation implementation plan with the same principle and opposite layout. Since those skilled in the art of this motor will understand clearly and be familiar with it after referring to Embodiment Figure 15 drawings, as it is similar content based on the same principle, this embodiment does not require redundant descriptions of the repeated motor working process.

[0083] The above Embodiment 6 refers to the attached Figure 15It is an energy-saving double-magnetic motor with an internal rotor structure. For example, as a wheel drive motor in the field of electric vehicles, its characteristics such as high speed, high efficiency, high power density, and low power consumption can exert better performance and are widely used.

Embodiment 7

[0084] The following further elaborates on this embodiment with reference to the attached Figure 16 drawings.

[0085] Currently, the motor models in the world are ever-changing. Those based on a certain same principle and serialized are all variations on the same theme. Embodiment 7 of this application is the seventh preferred energy-saving double-magnetic motor of this application. It is a 3D model diagram showing the internal exposure of the double-pin complex deformation design of the repeated modules in the attached Figure 14 drawings, which is clear at a glance and is an equivalent doubling design. Referring to Figure 16 , it includes a machine base 1, a stator 2, and a rotor 3. Among the stator 2 and the rotor 3, all magnetic poles adopt a horseshoe shape. Among the stator permanent magnetic poles 22 and the rotor permanent magnetic poles 321, the permanent magnets adopt a horseshoe shape, and the stator electromagnetic poles 21 adopt a horseshoe shape. One magnetic pole end of the horseshoe-shaped rotor permanent magnet 321 works according to the magnetic pole pairing method with a layout technical solution in a corresponding single stator module, which is consistent with the typical model of the energy-saving double-magnetic motor based on the harmonious permanent magnetic gradient magnetic field region of the stator described in Figure 1 . It is an equivalent doubling implementation scheme with the same principle and double-pin complex layout. Since those skilled in the art of this motor can understand clearly and are familiar with it after referring to Embodiment Figure 16 , it is similar content after the same principle. In addition, this application hopes not to increase the reading burden of those reading the text. Therefore, this embodiment also does not require redundant descriptions of the repeated motor working process.

[0086] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application. The protection scope of this application is not limited by this. Therefore: Any equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of the energy-saving double-magnetic motor based on the harmonious permanent magnetic gradient magnetic field region of the stator of this application, all those that use a stator with double magnets, that is, including electromagnetic poles and permanent magnetic poles, and contain an energy-saving method of creating a magnetic field gradient of the permanent magnet and invoking the nature of "permanent magnet electromotive force", any resulting transformation design scheme should first be confirmed as the invention content legally included in this application and should be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An energy-saving dual-magnet motor based on the stator harmonious permanent magnet gradient magnetic field region, comprising a frame (1), a stator (2) and a rotor (3), characterized in that: The stator (2) includes stator electromagnetic poles (21) and stator permanent magnet poles (22), and the rotor (3) includes rotor permanent magnet poles (321). The stator electromagnetic poles (21) include an electro-excitation device with at least one or more stator eccentric iron cores (211) and coil windings (212) wound around the stator eccentric iron cores (211). The stator permanent magnet poles (22) include at least one or more permanent magnet gradient magnetic fields. There are at least one or more permanent magnets with gradient differentiation degrees within the magnetic field gradient region. The permanent magnets within this magnetic field gradient region are arranged in a circumferential pattern around the stator (2) according to the rule of the same pole and the same direction from weak to strong along the vector direction of the magnetic field gradient region. The strongest end and the weakest end are not connected to each other, and there is an interval section with a circumferential opening, which is the exclusive interval section of the stator electromagnetic poles (21) including the stator eccentric iron core (211) and the coil winding (212). The rotor (3) includes a rotating shaft (31) and a rotor split-phase iron core (32) sleeved on the shaft. The outer edge is provided with rotor permanent magnet poles (321). Among the rotor permanent magnet poles (321), the permanent magnets are single and in the same pole and the same direction, and are paired with the permanent magnets of the stator permanent magnet poles (22) in the double-magnetic harmonious stator (2).

2. The energy-saving dual-magnet motor based on the stator-integrated permanent-magnet gradient magnetic field region described in claim 1, characterized in that: Between the permanent magnets of the stator (2) and the rotor (3), the pole pairing arrangement is correct for both magnetic attraction and magnetic repulsion. For safety considerations, magnetic attraction is preferably selected. Under the magnetic attraction of the stator permanent magnet poles (22), the rotor permanent magnet poles (321) rotate directionally based on the principle of the magnetic field gradient region. If magnetic repulsion is selected, the principle is the same, but the rotation direction is opposite.

3. The energy-saving dual-magnet motor based on the stator-integrated permanent-magnet gradient magnetic field region described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first preferred model includes a machine base (1), a stator (2), and a rotor (3). The stator (2) includes stator electromagnetic poles (21) and stator permanent magnet poles (22), and the rotor (3) includes rotor permanent magnet poles (321). The stator (2) has a total of four poles, including two stator electromagnetic poles (21). The two stator permanent magnet poles (22) are 2×3 = 6 permanent magnets in two independent magnetic field gradient regions, with the same pole and the same direction, and the gradient values are distinguished by the magnitude of the magnetic force level parameters, and are arranged in a circumferential order along the vector direction. The rotor (3) is a three-phase rotor permanent magnet pole (321), and three of its permanent magnets are paired with the permanent magnets of the stator permanent magnet poles (22).

4. The energy-saving dual-magnet motor based on the stator-coordinated permanent-magnet gradient magnetic field region described in claim 1, characterized in that: The second preferred model includes a machine base (1), a stator (2), and a rotor (3). The stator (2) includes stator electromagnetic poles (21) and stator permanent magnet poles (22), and the rotor (3) includes rotor permanent magnet poles (321). The stator (2) has a total of two poles, including one stator electromagnetic pole (21). One stator permanent magnet pole (22) has a total of 1×6 = 6 permanent magnets in one independent magnetic field gradient region, with the same pole and the same direction, and the gradient values are distinguished by the magnitude of the magnetic force level parameters, and are arranged in a circumferential order along the vector direction. The rotor (3) is a two-phase rotor permanent magnet pole (321), and two of its permanent magnets are paired with the permanent magnets of the stator permanent magnet poles (22).

5. The energy-saving dual-magnet motor based on the stator-coaxed permanent-magnet gradient magnetic field region described in claim 1, characterized in that: The third preferred model includes a machine base (1), a stator (2), and a rotor (3); the stator (2) includes stator electromagnetic poles (21) and stator permanent magnetic poles (22), the rotor (3) includes rotor permanent magnetic poles (321), where the stator (2) has a total of two poles, one of which is a stator electromagnetic pole (21); in one stator permanent magnetic pole (22), a total of four permanent magnets in a magnetic field gradient region have the same pole and the same direction, and the gradient values are distinguished by the magnitude of the magnetic force level parameter, and are arranged in a circular order along the vector direction; the rotor (3) is a two-phase rotor permanent magnetic pole (321), and two permanent magnets are paired with the permanent magnets of the stator permanent magnetic pole (22).

6. The energy-saving dual-magnet motor based on the stator-integrated permanent-magnet gradient magnetic field region described in claim 1, characterized in that: The fourth preferred model includes a machine base (1), a stator (2), and a rotor (3); the stator (2) includes stator electromagnetic poles (21) and stator permanent magnetic poles (22), the rotor (3) includes rotor permanent magnetic poles (321), where the stator (2) has a total of three poles, two of which are stator electromagnetic poles (21); in one stator permanent magnetic pole (22), a total of five permanent magnets in a magnetic field gradient region have the same pole and the same direction, and the gradient values are distinguished by the magnitude of the magnetic force level parameter, and are arranged in a circular order along the vector direction; the rotor (3) is a three-phase rotor permanent magnetic pole (321), and three permanent magnets are paired with the permanent magnets of the stator permanent magnetic pole (22).

7. The energy-saving dual-magnet motor based on the stator-integrated permanent-magnet gradient magnetic field region described in claim 1, characterized in that: The fifth preferred model includes a machine base (1), a stator (2), and a rotor (3); the stator (2) includes stator electromagnetic poles (21) and stator permanent magnetic poles (22), the rotor (3) includes rotor permanent magnetic poles (321), where the stator (2) has a total of four poles, two of which are stator electromagnetic poles (21); two of the stator permanent magnetic poles (22) are two permanent magnets, and the stator permanent magnetic pole (22) creates a magnetic field gradient region for a single permanent magnet.

8. The energy-saving dual-magnet motor based on the stator-integrated permanent magnet gradient magnetic field region described in claim 1, characterized in that: The sixth preferred model includes a machine base (1), a stator (2), and a rotor (3), with a structural layout where the rotor (3) is on the outside and the stator (2) is on the inside.

9. The energy-saving dual-magnet motor based on the stator-integrated permanent magnet gradient magnetic field region described in claim 1, characterized in that: The seventh preferred design model includes a machine base (1), a stator (2), and a rotor (3), where the stator electromagnetic poles (21), stator permanent magnetic poles (22), and rotor permanent magnetic poles (321) all have a horseshoe shape.

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