Light emitting device and electronic device including the same

Abstract

Embodiments provide a light emitting device and an electronic device including the same. The light emitting device includes a first electrode, a second electrode facing the first electrode, and an interlayer between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer. The emissive layer includes a first body, a second body, a first dopant, and a second dopant. The first dopant is a compound comprising a metal and a ligand comprising an imidazole moiety, and the imidazole moiety is a triarylsilyl group. The second dopant is a boron-containing compound.

Description

[0001] Cross - reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority and the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10 - 2023 - 0190334, filed on December 22, 2023, with the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical field

[0003] Embodiments relate to a light - emitting device and an electronic device including the same. Background art

[0004] A light - emitting device is a self - emitting device, which has a wide viewing angle, high contrast ratio, short response time, and excellent characteristics in terms of brightness, driving voltage, and response speed compared to devices of the related art.

[0005] In a light - emitting device, a first electrode may be disposed on a substrate, and a hole - transport region, an emission layer, an electron - transport region, and a second electrode may be sequentially formed on the first electrode. Holes provided from the first electrode move toward the emission layer through the hole - transport region, and electrons provided from the second electrode move toward the emission layer through the electron - transport region. Carriers, such as holes and electrons, recombine in the emission layer to generate light.

[0006] It should be understood that this background art section is intended to partly provide useful background for understanding the technology. However, this background art section may also include ideas, concepts, or understandings of parts that were not known or understood by those skilled in the art before the effective filing date of the subject matter disclosed herein. Summary of the invention

[0007] Embodiments include a light - emitting device having improved luminous efficiency, long lifespan, and low capacitance, and an electronic device including the light - emitting device.

[0008] Additional aspects will be partly set forth in the following description and partly will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0009] According to an embodiment, a light - emitting device may include:

[0010] A first electrode;

[0011] A second electrode facing the first electrode; and

[0012] A sandwich layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer, wherein

[0013] The emission layer may include a first host, a second host, a first dopant, and a second dopant,

[0014] The first dopant may be a compound including a metal and a ligand including an imidazole moiety,

[0015] The imidazole moiety may include a triarylsilyl group, and

[0016] The second dopant may be a boron-containing compound.

[0017] In an embodiment, the first electrode may be an anode; the second electrode may be a cathode; the interlayer may further include a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emission layer; and the hole transport region may include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission assisting layer, an electron blocking layer, or any combination thereof.

[0018] In an embodiment, the first electrode may be an anode; the second electrode may be a cathode; the interlayer may further include an electron transport region between the second electrode and the emission layer; and the electron transport region may include a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof.

[0019] In an embodiment, the first host may be a hole transport host.

[0020] In an embodiment, the second host may be an electron transport host.

[0021] In an embodiment, the first host may include one of the following moieties:

[0022]

[0023] In an embodiment, the first host may include one of Compounds HT-1 to HT-40 as explained below.

[0024] In an embodiment, the second host may include one of the following moieties:

[0025]

[0026] In an embodiment, the second host may include one of Compounds ET-1 to ET-43 as explained below.

[0027] In an embodiment, the metal may include a transition metal.

[0028] In an embodiment, the first dopant may include the compound represented by Formula 401 as explained below.

[0029] In an embodiment, the first dopant may include the compound represented by Formula 1 as explained below.

[0030] In an embodiment, in Formula 1, L1 may be one of the following functional groups:

[0031]

[0032] In an embodiment, Si(R) substituted on L1501 )(R 502 )(R 503 ) The substitution position of (R

[0033] In an embodiment, in Formula 1, L1 may be a phenylene group substituted by R 10a and the substitution position of R 10a may be adjacent to the carbon atom of the phenylene group connected to the imidazole moiety.

[0034] In an embodiment, the first dopant may include one of Compounds PD-1 to PD-20 explained below.

[0035] In an embodiment, the second dopant may include the compound represented by Formula 2 explained below.

[0036] In an embodiment, the capacitance of the light-emitting device may be less than or equal to about 6.8 nF, and the capacitance may refer to the capacitance value measured according to the applied voltage by using impedance spectroscopy and is a value measured at intervals of 1 kHz and 100 mV.

[0037] According to an embodiment, the electronic device may include a light-emitting device.

[0038] It should be understood that the above embodiments are described only in general and explanatory senses and not for the purpose of limitation, and the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments, and the accompanying drawings are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification. The drawings illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure and their principles. By referring to the accompanying drawings to describe the embodiments of the present disclosure in detail, the above and other aspects and features of the present disclosure will become more apparent, where:

[0040] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of a light-emitting device according to an embodiment;

[0041] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electronic device according to an embodiment; and

[0042] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electronic device according to another embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present disclosure will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings in which embodiments are shown. However, the present disclosure may be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0044] In the drawings, for ease of description and for clarity, the dimensions (e.g., thickness), ratios, and dimensions of elements may be exaggerated. The same reference numerals and / or the same reference characters refer to the same elements throughout.

[0045] In the description, it will be understood that when an element (or region, layer, component, etc.) is referred to as being “on” another element (or region, layer, component, etc.), “connected to” or “coupled to” another element (or region, layer, component, etc.), it may be directly on the other element (or region, layer, component, etc.), directly connected to or directly coupled to the other element (or region, layer, component, etc.), or there may be one or more intervening elements (or regions, layers, components, etc.) therebetween. In a similar sense, when an element (or region, layer, component, etc.) is described as “covering” another element (or region, layer, component, etc.), it may directly cover the other element (or region, layer, component, etc.), or there may be one or more intervening elements (or regions, layers, components, etc.) therebetween.

[0046] In the description, when an element is “directly on” another element, “directly connected to” or “directly coupled to” another element, there is no intervening element. For example, “directly on...” may mean that two layers or two elements are provided without any additional element (such as an adhesive element) therebetween.

[0047] As used herein, expressions in the singular form, such as “a,” “an,” and “the,” are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0048] As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. For example, “A and / or B” can be understood to mean “A, B, or A and B.” The terms “and” and “or” may be used in a conjunctive sense or a disjunctive sense and can be understood to be equivalent to “and / or.”

[0049] In the specification and claims, for the purpose of their meaning and interpretation, the term "at least one of..." is intended to include the meaning of "at least one selected from the group consisting of...". For example, "at least one of A, B, and C" can be understood to mean only A, only B, only C, or any combination of two or more of A, B, and C, such as ABC, ACC, BC, or CC. When following a list of elements, the term "at least one of..." modifies the entire list of elements and not a single element of the list.

[0050] It will be understood that although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. Thus, without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure, a first element may be referred to as a second element. Similarly, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, a second element may be referred to as a first element.

[0051] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "below", "beneath", "under", "above", or "on" etc. may be used herein to describe the relationship between one element or component and another element or component as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that, in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures, the spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation. For example, in the case of flipping the device illustrated in the figures, a device located "below" or "beneath" another device may be placed "above" the other device. Accordingly, the illustrative term "below" can include both lower and upper positions. The device may also be oriented in other directions, and thus the spatial relative terms may be differently interpreted depending on the orientation.

[0052] As used herein, the term "about" or "approximately" includes the recited value and means within an acceptable deviation range of the recited value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art in view of the measurement being discussed and the errors associated with the measurement of the recited quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, "about" may mean within one or more standard deviations of the recited value, or within ±20%, ±10%, or ±5% of the recited value.

[0053] It should be understood that the terms "comprises", "comprising", "includes", "including", "have", "having", "contains", and "containing" etc. are intended to indicate the presence of the recited features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or any combination thereof in the present disclosure, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or any combination thereof.

[0054] Unless otherwise defined or implied herein, all terms used (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless clearly defined in the specification.

[0055] Embodiments provide a light-emitting device having high luminous efficiency, long lifespan, and low capacitance.

[0056] According to an embodiment, the light-emitting device may include

[0057] a first electrode,

[0058] a second electrode facing the first electrode, and

[0059] a sandwich layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer, wherein

[0060] the emission layer may include a first host, a second host, a first dopant, and a second dopant,

[0061] the first dopant may be a compound including a metal and a ligand containing an imidazole moiety,

[0062] the imidazole moiety may include a triarylsilyl group, and

[0063] the second dopant may be a boron-containing compound.

[0064] In an embodiment, the first electrode may be an anode,

[0065] the second electrode may be a cathode,

[0066] the sandwich layer may further include a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emission layer, and

[0067] the hole transport region may include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission assisting layer, an electron blocking layer, or any combination thereof.

[0068] In an embodiment, the first electrode may be an anode,

[0069] the second electrode may be a cathode,

[0070] the sandwich layer may further include an electron transport region between the second electrode and the emission layer, and

[0071] the electron transport region may include a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof.

[0072] In an embodiment, the first host may be a hole transport host.

[0073] In an embodiment, the second host may be an electron transport host.

[0074] The hole transport host may be a compound having strong hole characteristics. The expression "compound having strong hole characteristics" refers to a compound that easily accepts holes, and such characteristics can be obtained by including a hole accepting moiety (also referred to as the HT moiety).

[0075] Examples of the HT moiety may include π - electron rich heteroaromatic compounds (e.g., carbazole derivatives or indole derivatives) or aromatic amine compounds.

[0076] The electron transport host may be a compound having strong electron characteristics. The expression "compound having strong electron characteristics" refers to a compound that accepts electrons, and such characteristics can be obtained by including an electron accepting moiety (also referred to as the ET moiety).

[0077] Examples of the ET moiety may include π - electron deficient heteroaromatic compounds. For example, the ET moiety may include nitrogen - containing heteroaromatic compounds.

[0078] When a compound includes only the HT moiety or only the ET moiety, it is clear whether the property of the compound is HT - characteristic or ET - characteristic.

[0079] In an embodiment, the compound may include both the HT moiety and the ET moiety. In this regard, a simple comparison between the total number of HT moieties and the total number of ET moieties in the compound may be a criterion for predicting whether the compound is an HT compound or an ET compound, but may not be an absolute criterion. One of the reasons why this simple comparison is not an absolute criterion is that the hole - accepting ability of one HT moiety and the electron - accepting ability of one ET moiety may not have exactly the same magnitude.

[0080] Accordingly, a relatively reliable way to determine whether a compound with certain structures is an HT compound or an ET compound is to implement (e.g., directly implement) the compound in a device.

[0081] In an embodiment, the first host may include one of the following parts:

[0082]

[0083] In an embodiment, the first host may include one of Compound HT - 1 to Compound HT - 40:

[0084]

[0085]

[0086]

[0087] In an embodiment, the second body may include one of the following parts:

[0088] In an embodiment, the second body may include one of Compounds ET-1 to ET-43:

[0089]

[0090]

[0091]

[0092]

[0093] In an embodiment, the weight ratio of the first body to the second body may be in the range of about 9:1 to about 1:9. For example, the weight ratio of the first body to the second body may be in the range of about 6:4 to about 4:6. When the weight ratio of the first body to the second body is within any of these ranges, the balance of the injected charge may be at an appropriate level.

[0094] According to an embodiment, the metal may include a transition metal.

[0095] In an embodiment, the first dopant may include a compound represented by Formula 401:

[0096] [Formula 401]

[0097] M(L 401 ) xc1 (L 402 ) xc2 ,

[0098] [Formula 402]

[0099]

[0100] In Formulas 401 and 402, L 401 and L 402 optionally combine together to form a ring,

[0101] M may be titanium (Ti), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), zirconium (Zr), ruthenium (Ru), rhodium (Rh), palladium (Pd), rhenium (Re), platinum (Pt), gold (Au), osmium (Os), iridium (Ir) or rhenium (Re),

[0102] L 401 may be a ligand represented by Formula 402,

[0103] xc1 may be 1, 2 or 3, where when xc1 is 2 or greater, two or more L 401may be the same as or different from each other,

[0104] L 402 may be an organic ligand,

[0105] xc2 may be 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, where when xc2 is 2 or greater, two or more Ls 402 may be the same as or different from each other,

[0106] X 401 and X 402 may each independently be N or C,

[0107] ring A 401 and ring A 402 may each independently be a C3-C 60 carbocyclic group or a C1-C 60 heterocyclic group,

[0108] T 401 may be a single bond, -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q 411 ), -C(Q 411 )(Q 412 ), -C(Q 411 )=C(Q 412 ), -C(Q 411 )= or =C=,

[0109] X 403 and X 404 may each independently be a chemical bond, O, S, N(Q 413 ), B(Q 413 ), P(Q 413 ), C(Q 413 )(Q 414 ) or Si(Q 413 )(Q 414 ),

[0110] R 401 and R 402 may each independently be hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C1-C 20 alkyl group, an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C1-C 20 alkoxy group, an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C3-C 60 carbocyclic group, an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C1-C 60 heterocyclic group, -Si(Q 401 )(Q 402 )(Q403 ), -N(Q 401 )(Q 402 ), -B(Q 401 )(Q 402 ), -C(=O)(Q 401 ), -S(=O)2(Q 401 ) or -P(=O)(Q 401 )(Q 402 ),

[0111] R 401 and R 402 may optionally be connected to each other to form a ring,

[0112] R 10a may be:

[0113] deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano or nitro;

[0114] each unsubstituted or substituted by the following C1-C 60 alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl or C1-C 60 alkoxy: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, C3-C 60 carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 aryloxy, C6-C 60 arylthio, C7-C 60 aralkyl, C2-C 60 heteroaralkyl, -Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 ), -N(Q 11 )(Q 12 ), -B(Q 11 )(Q 12 ), -C(=O)(Q 11 ), -S(=O)2(Q 11 ), -P(=O)(Q 11 )(Q 12 ) or any combination thereof;

[0115] each unsubstituted or substituted by the following C3-C 60 carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 aryloxy, C6-C 60 arylthio, C7-C 60 aralkyl or C2-C 60Heteroaralkyl: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl, C1-C 60 alkoxy, C3-C 60 carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 aryloxy, C6-C 60 arylthio, C7-C 60 aralkyl, C2-C 60 heteroaralkyl, -Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 ), -N(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), -B(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), -C(=O)(Q 21 ), -S(=O)2(Q 21 ), -P(=O)(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), or any combination thereof; or

[0116] -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -C(=O)(Q 31 ), -S(=O)2(Q 31 ), or -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), and

[0117] Q 11 to Q 13 , Q 21 to Q 23 , Q 31 to Q 33 , Q 411 to Q 414 , and Q 401 to Q 403 can each independently be: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxy; cyano; nitro; C1-C 60 alkyl; C2-C 60 alkenyl; C2-C 60 alkynyl; C1-C 60 alkoxy; or C3-C which is unsubstituted or substituted by the following60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C7-C 60 Arylalkyl or C2-C 60 Heteroarylalkyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl or any combination thereof,

[0118] xc11 and xc12 can each independently be an integer selected from 0 to 10, and

[0119] The * and *' in Formula 402 each indicate a bonding site to M in Formula 401,

[0120] Ring A 401 and Ring A 402 One of them may include an imidazole moiety,

[0121] When Ring A 401 includes an imidazole moiety, R 401 may include a triarylsilyl group, and

[0122] When Ring A 402 includes an imidazole moiety, R 402 may include a triarylsilyl group.

[0123] In Formulas 401 and 402, when R 401 includes a triarylsilyl group, xc11 and xc12 cannot both be 0 at the same time.

[0124] According to an embodiment, the first dopant may include a compound represented by Formula 1:

[0125] [Formula 1]

[0126]

[0127] In Formula 1,

[0128] M may be titanium (Ti), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), zirconium (Zr), ruthenium (Ru), rhodium (Rh), palladium (Pd), rhenium (Re), platinum (Pt), gold (Au), osmium (Os), iridium (Ir) or rhenium (Re),

[0129] T 402 may be a single bond, -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q 411 )-, -C(Q 411 )(Q 412 )-, -C(Q 411 )=C(Q 412 )-, -C(Q 411 )= or =C=,

[0130] R 402 to R 406 may each independently be hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a C1-C 20 alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a C1-C 20 alkoxy, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a C3-C 60 carbocyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a C1-C 60 heterocyclic group, -Si(Q 401 )(Q 402 )(Q 403 )、-N(Q 401 )(Q 402 )、-B(Q 401 )(Q 402 )、-C(=O)(Q 401 )、-S(=O)2(Q 401 ) or -P(=O)(Q 401 )(Q 402 ),

[0131] R 501 to R 503 may each independently be unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a C6-C 60 aryl,

[0132] xc12 may be an integer selected from 0 to 3, xc13, xc14 and xc16 may each independently be an integer selected from 0 to 4, and xc15 may be an integer selected from 0 to 2,

[0133] L1 may be an unsubstituted or R-substituted C4-C 10a carbocyclic group or an unsubstituted or R-substituted C1-C 60 heterocyclic group, 10a 60 10a 401

[0134] b1 may be an integer selected from 1 to 4,

[0135] R 10a may be the same as defined in Formula 401, and

[0136] Q 401 to Q 403 and Q 411 and Q 412 may be the same as defined in Formula 401.

[0137] According to an embodiment, in Formula 1, L1 may be one of the following functional groups:

[0138]

[0139] According to an embodiment, in Formula 1, the substitution position of Si(R 501 )(R 502 )(R 503 ) substituted on L1 and the substitution position of the imidazole moiety substituted on L1 may be in a straight line.

[0140] For example, L1 in Formula 1 may be a phenylene group, and the substitution position of Si(R 501 )(R 502 )(R 503 ) may be at the para position of the carbon atom of the phenylene group connected to the imidazole moiety.

[0141] In a first dopant that may be a compound represented by Formula 1, when the substitution position of Si(R 501 )(R 502 )(R 503 ) substituted on L1 and the substitution position of the imidazole moiety substituted on L1 are in a straight line, the characteristics of the light-emitting device may be excellent. For example, the capacitance of the light-emitting device may be relatively low.

[0142] According to an embodiment, in Formula 1, L1 may be a phenylene group substituted by R 10a , and the substitution position of R 10a may be at the ortho position of the carbon atom of the phenylene group connected to the imidazole moiety.

[0143] In a first dopant that may be a compound represented by Formula 1, L1 may be a phenylene group substituted by R 10a , and when the substitution position of R 10a is at the ortho position of the carbon atom of the phenylene group connected to the imidazole moiety, the characteristics of the light-emitting device may be excellent. For example, the capacitance of the light-emitting device may be relatively low.

[0144] In an embodiment, the first dopant may include one of Compound PD-1 to Compound PD-8, Compound PD-10 to Compound PD-17, Compound PD-19, and Compound PD-20:

[0145]

[0146]

[0147]

[0148] According to an embodiment, the second dopant may include a compound represented by Formula 2:

[0149] [Formula 2]

[0150]

[0151] In Formula 2,

[0152] Y1 to Y3 may each independently be S, N(R 24 ), B(R 24 ), C(R 24 )(R 25 ), or Si(R 24 )(R 25 ),

[0153] c may be 0 or 1,

[0154] A 11 to A 13 may each independently be selected from a C5-C 30 carbocyclic group and a C1-C 30 heterocyclic group,

[0155] R 21 to R 25 may each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C1-C 60 alkyl group, an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C2-C 60 alkenyl group, an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C2-C 60 alkynyl group, an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C1-C 60 alkoxy group, an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C3-C 10 cycloalkyl group, an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C1-C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C3-C 10 cycloalkenyl group, an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C1-C 10 heterocycloalkenyl group, an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C6-C 60 aryl group, an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C6-C60 An aryloxy group, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C6-C 60 An arylthio group, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C1-C 60 A heteroaryl group, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a A substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a A substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -N(Q1)(Q2), -B(Q1)(Q2), -P(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1) and -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2),

[0156] R 21 to R 25 may optionally be connected to each other to form an unsubstituted or at least one R-substituted C5-C 10a carbocyclic group or an unsubstituted or at least one R-substituted C1-C 30 heterocyclic group, 10a substituted C1-C 30 heterocyclic group,

[0157] a21 to a23 can each independently be an integer selected from 0 to 10,

[0158] R 10a can be:

[0159] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano or nitro;

[0160] Each unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 60 alkyl group, C2-C 60 alkenyl group, C2-C 60 alkynyl group or C1-C 60 alkoxy group: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, C3-C 60 carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 aryloxy group, C6-C 60 arylthio group, C7-C 60 aralkyl group, C2-C 60 heteroaralkyl group, -Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 )、-N(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-B(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-C(=O)(Q 11)、 -S(=O)2(Q 11 )、 -P(=O)(Q 11 )(Q 12 ) or any combination thereof;

[0161] Each unsubstituted or substituted C3 - C 60 carbocyclic group, C1 - C 60 heterocyclic group, C6 - C 60 aryloxy group, C6 - C 60 arylthio group, C7 - C 60 aralkyl group or C2 - C 60 heteroaralkyl group: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy group, cyano group, nitro group, C1 - C 60 alkyl group, C2 - C 60 alkenyl group, C2 - C 60 alkynyl group, C1 - C 60 alkoxy group, C3 - C 60 carbocyclic group, C1 - C 60 heterocyclic group, C6 - C 60 aryloxy group, C6 - C 60 arylthio group, C7 - C 60 aralkyl group, C2 - C 60 heteroaralkyl group, -Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 )、 -N(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、 -B(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、 -C(=O)(Q 21 )、 -S(=O)2(Q 21 )、 -P(=O)(Q 21 )(Q 22 ) or any combination thereof; or

[0162] -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 )、 -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、 -B(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、 -C(=O)(Q 31 )、 -S(=O)2(Q 31 ) or -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), and

[0163] Q1 to Q3, Q 11 to Q 13 、Q 21 to Q23 and Q 31 to Q 33 may each independently be hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl, C1-C 60 alkoxy or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 60 carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 heterocyclic group, C7-C 60 aralkyl or C2-C 60 heteroaralkyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 alkyl, C1-C 60 alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl or any combination thereof.

[0164] According to an embodiment, the second dopant may include one of Compound TD-1 to Compound TD-11, Compound TD-13 to Compound TD-28, Compound TD-30 to Compound TD-32, and Compound TD-34 to Compound TD-36:

[0165]

[0166]

[0167]

[0168]

[0169] According to an embodiment, the capacitance of the light-emitting device may be less than or equal to about 6.8 nF. The capacitance may refer to the capacitance value measured according to the applied voltage by using impedance spectroscopy, and may be a value measured at intervals of 1 kHz and 100 mV. In an embodiment, the emission layer of the light-emitting device may include a first host, a second host, a first dopant, and a second dopant, and the capacitance may be less than or equal to about 6.8 nF.

[0170] In an embodiment, the emission layer may be a fluorescent emission layer.

[0171] In an embodiment, the emission layer may be a blue emission layer.

[0172] In an embodiment, the electronic device may include a thin-film transistor and a light-emitting device, wherein

[0173] the thin-film transistor may include a source electrode, a drain electrode, an active layer, and a gate electrode, and

[0174] the first electrode of the light-emitting device may be electrically connected to the source electrode or the drain electrode of the thin-film transistor.

[0175] As used herein, the term "organic layer" may be a single layer and / or all layers between the first electrode and the second electrode of a light-emitting device. The materials included in the "organic layer" are not limited to organic materials.

[0176] Figure 1 description]

[0177] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of a light-emitting device 10 according to an embodiment. The light-emitting device 10 includes a first electrode 110, an interlayer 130, and a second electrode 150.

[0178] Hereinafter, with reference to Figure 1 the structure of the light-emitting device 10 according to an embodiment and a method of manufacturing the light-emitting device 10 will be described.

[0179] [First electrode 110]

[0180] In Figure 1 it, a substrate may be further included under the first electrode 110 or on the second electrode 150. In an embodiment, the substrate may be a glass substrate or a plastic substrate. In an embodiment, the substrate may be a flexible substrate and may include a plastic having excellent heat resistance and durability, such as polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyarylate (PAR), polyetherimide, or any combination thereof.

[0181] The first electrode 110 may be formed by, for example, depositing or sputtering a material for forming the first electrode 110 on the substrate. When the first electrode 110 is an anode, the material for forming the first electrode 110 may be a high work function material that facilitates hole injection.

[0182] The first electrode 110 may be a reflective electrode, a semi-transmissive electrode, or a transmissive electrode. In an embodiment, when the first electrode 110 is a transmissive electrode, the material for forming the first electrode 110 may include indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), tin oxide (SnO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), or any combination thereof. In an embodiment, when the first electrode 110 is a semi-transmissive electrode or a reflective electrode, the material for forming the first electrode 110 may include magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), or any combination thereof.

[0183] The first electrode 110 may have a single-layer structure composed of a single layer or a multi-layer structure including multiple layers. For example, the first electrode 110 may have a three-layer structure of ITO / Ag / ITO.

[0184] ​[Interlayer 130]

[0185] The interlayer 130 is disposed on the first electrode 110. The interlayer 130 may include an emission layer.

[0186] The interlayer 130 may further include a hole transport region between the first electrode 110 and the emission layer, and an electron transport region between the emission layer and the second electrode 150.

[0187] In addition to various organic materials, the interlayer 130 may further include a metal-containing compound (e.g., an organometallic compound) or an inorganic material (e.g., a quantum dot), etc.

[0188] In an embodiment, the interlayer 130 may include two or more emission units stacked between the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 150, and at least one charge generation layer between adjacent emission units among the two or more emission units. When the interlayer 130 includes two or more emission units and at least one charge generation layer, the light-emitting device 10 may be a tandem light-emitting device.

[0189] [Hole transport region in the interlayer 130]

[0190] The hole transport region may have a single-layer structure composed of a single layer (composed of a single material), a single-layer structure composed of a single layer including different materials, or a multi-layer structure including multiple layers containing different materials.

[0191] The hole transport region may include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission assisting layer, an electron blocking layer, or any combination thereof.

[0192] In an embodiment, the hole transport region may have a multi-layer structure including a hole injection layer / hole transport layer structure, a hole injection layer / hole transport layer / emission assisting layer structure, a hole injection layer / emission assisting layer structure, a hole transport layer / emission assisting layer structure, or a hole injection layer / hole transport layer / electron blocking layer structure, where the constituent layers of each structure may be stacked in sequence from the first electrode 110 in the order described for each, but the structure of the hole transport region is not limited thereto. The hole transport region may include a compound represented by Formula 201, a compound represented by Formula 202, or any combination thereof:

[0193] [Formula 201]

[0194]

[0195] [Formula 202]

[0196]

[0197] In Formula 201 and Formula 202,

[0198] L201 to L 204 may each independently be unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C3-C 60 carbocyclic group or unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C1-C 60 heterocyclic group,

[0199] L 205 may be *-O-*’, *-S-*’, *-N(Q 201 )-*’, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C1-C 20 alkylene, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C2-C 20 alkenylene, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C3-C 60 carbocyclic group or unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C1-C 60 heterocyclic group,

[0200] xa1 to xa4 may each independently be an integer selected from 0 to 5,

[0201] xa5 may be an integer selected from 1 to 10,

[0202] R 201 to R 204 and Q 201 may each independently be unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C3-C 60 carbocyclic group or unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C1-C 60 heterocyclic group,

[0203] R 201 and R 202 may optionally be linked to each other via a single bond, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C1-C5 alkylene or unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C2-C5 alkenylene to form an unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C8-C 60 polycyclic group (e.g., carbazolyl, etc.) (e.g., compound HT16, etc.),

[0204] R 203 and R 204 may optionally be linked to each other via a single bond, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a substituted C1-C5 alkylene or unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R10a The substituted C2-C5 alkenylene groups are connected to each other to form an unsubstituted or at least one R-substituted 10a substituted C8-C 60 polycyclic group, and

[0205] na1 can be an integer selected from 1 to 4.

[0206] In an embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 201 and the compound represented by Formula 202 may each independently include at least one of the groups represented by Formula CY201 to Formula CY217:

[0207]

[0208] In Formula CY201 to Formula CY217, R 10b and R 10c may each independently be the same as described with reference to R 10a , and ring CY 201 to ring CY 204 may each independently be a C3-C 20 carbocyclic group or a C1-C 20 heterocyclic group, and at least one hydrogen in Formula CY201 to Formula CY217 may be unsubstituted or substituted by R 10a .

[0209] In an embodiment, in Formula CY201 to Formula CY217, ring CY 201 to ring CY 204 may each independently be phenyl, naphthyl, phenanthryl or anthryl.

[0210] In an embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 201 and the compound represented by Formula 202 may include at least one of the groups represented by Formula CY201 to Formula CY203.

[0211] In an embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 201 may include at least one of the groups represented by Formula CY201 to Formula CY203 and at least one of the groups represented by Formula CY204 to Formula CY217.

[0212] In an embodiment, in Formula 201, xa1 can be 1, R 201 can be one of the groups represented by Formula CY201 to Formula CY203, xa2 can be 0, and R 202 can be one of the groups represented by Formula CY204 to Formula CY207.

[0213] In an embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 201 and the compound represented by Formula 202 may each not include the groups represented by Formula CY201 to Formula CY203.

[0214] In an embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 201 and the compound represented by Formula 202 may each not include the groups represented by Formula CY201 to Formula CY203, and may each independently include at least one of the groups represented by Formula CY204 to Formula CY217.

[0215] In an embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 201 and the compound represented by Formula 202 may each not include the groups represented by Formula CY201 to Formula CY217.

[0216] In an embodiment, the hole transport region may include one of Compounds HT1 to HT46, m-MTDATA, TDATA, 2-TNATA, NPB (NPD), β-NPB, TPD, spiro-TPD, spiro-NPB, methylated NPB, TAPC, HMTPD, 4,4’,4”-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine (TCTA), polyaniline / dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (PANI / DBSA), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT / PSS), polyaniline / camphorsulfonic acid (PANI / CSA), polyaniline / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PANI / PSS), or any combination thereof:

[0217]

[0218]

[0219]

[0220]

[0221] The thickness of the hole transport region may be in the range of about to about . For example, the thickness of the hole transport region may be in the range of about to about . When the hole transport region includes a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, or any combination thereof, the thickness of the hole injection layer may be in the range of about to about , and the thickness of the hole transport layer may be in the range of about to about . For example, the thickness of the hole injection layer may be in the range of about to about . For example, the thickness of the hole transport layer may be in the range of about to about Within a range. When the thickness of the hole transport region, the thickness of the hole injection layer, and the thickness of the hole transport layer are within any of these ranges, satisfactory hole transport characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0222] The emission assist layer can increase the light emission efficiency by compensating for the optical resonance distance according to the wavelength of the light emitted from the emission layer, and the electron blocking layer can block the leakage of electrons from the emission layer to the hole transport region. Materials that can be included in the hole transport region can be included in the emission assist layer and the electron blocking layer.

[0223] [p-dopant]

[0224] In addition to these materials, the hole transport region can further include a charge generation material for improving the conductive characteristics. The charge generation material can be uniformly or non-uniformly dispersed in the hole transport region (for example, in the form of a single layer composed of the charge generation material).

[0225] The charge generation material can be, for example, a p-dopant.

[0226] For example, the p-dopant can have a lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level less than or equal to about -3.5 eV.

[0227] In an embodiment, the p-dopant can include a quinone derivative, a cyanide-containing compound, a compound including element EL1 and element EL2, or any combination thereof.

[0228] Examples of the quinone derivative can include TCNQ, F4-TCNQ, etc.

[0229] Examples of the cyanide-containing compound can include HAT-CN and the compound represented by Formula 221:

[0230]

[0231] [Formula 221]

[0232]

[0233] In Formula 221,

[0234] R 221 to R 223 can each independently be an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C3-C 60 carbocyclic group or an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C1-C 60 heterocyclic group, and

[0235] R 221 to R 223At least one of them may each independently be a C3-C 60 carbocyclic group or a C1-C 60 heterocyclic group: cyano group; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; a C1-C 20 alkyl group substituted with a cyano group, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I or any combination thereof; or any combination thereof.

[0236] In a compound including element EL1 and element EL2, element EL1 may be a metal, a metalloid or any combination thereof, and element EL2 may be a non-metal, a metalloid or any combination thereof.

[0237] Examples of metals may include alkali metals (e.g., lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), etc.); alkaline earth metals (e.g., beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), etc.); transition metals (e.g., titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), manganese (Mn), technetium (Tc), rhenium (Re), iron (Fe), ruthenium (Ru), osmium (Os), cobalt (Co), rhodium (Rh), iridium (Ir), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), gold (Au), etc.); post-transition metals (e.g., zinc (Zn), indium (In), tin (Sn), etc.) and lanthanide metals (e.g., lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), lutetium (Lu), etc.), etc.

[0238] Examples of metalloids may include silicon (Si), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te), etc.

[0239] Examples of non-metals may include oxygen (O) and halogens (e.g., F, Cl, Br, I, etc.), etc.

[0240] Examples of compounds including element EL1 and element EL2 may include metal oxides, metal halides (e.g., metal fluorides, metal chlorides, metal bromides, metal iodides, etc.), metalloid halides (e.g., metalloid fluorides, metalloid chlorides, metalloid bromides, metalloid iodides, etc.), metal tellurides or any combination thereof.

[0241] Examples of metal oxides may include tungsten oxides (e.g., WO, W2O3, WO2, WO3, W2O5, etc.), vanadium oxides (e.g., VO, V2O3, VO2, V2O5, etc.), molybdenum oxides (e.g., MoO, Mo2O3, MoO2, MoO3, Mo2O5, etc.), and rhenium oxides (e.g., ReO3, etc.).

[0242] Examples of metal halides may include alkali metal halides, alkaline earth metal halides, transition metal halides, post-transition metal halides, and lanthanide metal halides, etc.

[0243] Examples of alkali metal halides may include LiF, NaF, KF, RbF, CsF, LiCl, NaCl, KCl, RbCl, CsCl, LiBr, NaBr, KBr, RbBr, CsBr, LiI, NaI, KI, RbI, and CsI, etc.

[0244] Examples of alkaline earth metal halides may include BeF2, MgF2, CaF2, SrF2, BaF2, BeCl2, MgCl2, CaCl2, SrCl2, BaCl2, BeBr2, MgBr2, CaBr2, SrBr2, BaBr2, BeI2, MgI2, CaI2, SrI2, and BaI2, etc.

[0245] Examples of transition metal halides may include titanium halides (e.g., TiF4, TiCl4, TiBr4, TiI4, etc.), zirconium halides (e.g., ZrF4, ZrCl4, ZrBr4, ZrI4, etc.), hafnium halides (e.g., HfF4, HfCl4, HfBr4, HfI4, etc.), vanadium halides (e.g., VF3, VCl3, VBr3, VI3, etc.), niobium halides (e.g., NbF3, NbCl3, NbBr3, NbI3, etc.), tantalum halides (e.g., TaF3, TaCl3, TaBr3, TaI3, etc.), chromium halides (e.g., CrF3, CrCl3, CrBr3, CrI3, etc.), molybdenum halides (e.g., MoF3, MoCl3, MoBr3, MoI3, etc.), tungsten halides (e.g., WF3, WCl3, WBr3, WI3, etc.), manganese halides (e.g., MnF2, MnCl2, MnBr2, MnI2, etc.), technetium halides (e.g., TcF2, TcCl2, TcBr2, TcI2, etc.), rhenium halides (e.g., ReF2, ReCl2, ReBr2, ReI2, etc.), ferrous halides (e.g., FeF2, FeCl2, FeBr2, FeI2, etc.), ruthenium halides (e.g., RuF2, RuCl2, RuBr2, RuI2, etc.), osmium halides (e.g., OsF2, OsCl2, OsBr2, OsI2, etc.), cobalt halides (e.g., CoF2, CoCl2, CoBr2, CoI2, etc.), rhodium halides (e.g., RhF2, RhCl2, RhBr2, RhI2, etc.), iridium halides (e.g., IrF2, IrCl2, IrBr2, IrI2, etc.), nickel halides (e.g., NiF2, NiCl2, NiBr2, NiI2, etc.), palladium halides (e.g., PdF2, PdCl2, PdBr2, PdI2, etc.), platinum halides (e.g., PtF2, PtCl2, PtBr2, PtI2, etc.), cuprous halides (e.g., CuF, CuCl, CuBr, CuI, etc.), silver halides (e.g., AgF, AgCl, AgBr, AgI, etc.) and gold halides (e.g., AuF, AuCl, AuBr, AuI, etc.) and so on.

[0246] Examples of post-transition metal halides may include zinc halides (e.g., ZnF2, ZnCl2, ZnBr2, ZnI2, etc.), indium halides (e.g., InI3, etc.) and tin halides (e.g., SnI2, etc.) and so on.

[0247] Examples of lanthanide metal halides may include YbF, YbF2, YbF3, SmF3, YbCl, YbCl2, YbCl3, SmCl3, YbBr, YbBr2, YbBr3, SmBr3, YbI, YbI2, YbI3 and SmI 3。

[0248] Examples of metalloid halides may include antimony halides (e.g., SbCl5, etc.).

[0249] Examples of metal tellurides may include alkali metal tellurides (e.g., Li2Te, Na2Te, K2Te, Rb2Te, Cs2Te, etc.), alkaline earth metal tellurides (e.g., BeTe, MgTe, CaTe, SrTe, BaTe, etc.), transition metal tellurides (e.g., TiTe2, ZrTe2, HfTe2, V2Te3, Nb2Te3, Ta2Te3, Cr2Te3, Mo2Te3, W2Te3, MnTe, TcTe, ReTe, FeTe, RuTe, OsTe, CoTe, RhTe, IrTe, NiTe, PdTe, PtTe, Cu2Te, CuTe, Ag2Te, AgTe, Au2Te, etc.), post-transition metal tellurides (e.g., ZnTe, etc.), and lanthanide metal tellurides (e.g., LaTe, CeTe, PrTe, NdTe, PmTe, EuTe, GdTe, TbTe, DyTe, HoTe, ErTe, TmTe, YbTe, LuTe, etc.).

[0250] [Emission layer in interlayer 130]

[0251] When the light-emitting device 10 is a full-color light-emitting device, the emission layer may be patterned into a red emission layer, a green emission layer, and / or a blue emission layer according to sub-pixels. In an embodiment, the emission layer may have a stacked structure of two or more layers among a red emission layer, a green emission layer, and a blue emission layer, where the two or more layers may be in contact with each other or may be separated from each other to emit white light. In an embodiment, the emission layer may include two or more materials among a red light-emitting material, a green light-emitting material, and a blue light-emitting material, where the two or more materials may be mixed with each other in a single layer to emit white light.

[0252] In an embodiment, the emission layer may include a host and a dopant. The dopant may include a phosphorescent dopant, a fluorescent dopant, or any combination thereof.

[0253] Based on 100 parts by weight of the host, the amount of the dopant in the emission layer may be in the range of about 0.01 part by weight to about 15 parts by weight.

[0254] In an embodiment, the emission layer may include quantum dots.

[0255] In an embodiment, the emission layer may include a delayed fluorescence material. The delayed fluorescence material may be used as the host or the dopant in the emission layer.

[0256] The thickness of the emission layer may be about to about within a range. For example, the thickness of the emission layer can be about to about within a range. When the thickness of the emission layer is within any of these ranges, excellent light-emitting characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0257] [Host in the emission layer]

[0258] The host may include a first host and a second host.

[0259] In addition to the first host and the second host, the host may further include, for example, a compound represented by Formula 301:

[0260] [Formula 301]

[0261] [Ar 301 xb11 -[(L 301 ) xb1 -R 301 xb21 ,

[0262] In Formula 301,

[0263] Ar 301 and L 301 may each independently be an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a -substituted C3-C 60 carbocyclic group or an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a -substituted C1-C 60 heterocyclic group,

[0264] xb11 can be 1, 2, or 3,

[0265] xb1 can be an integer selected from 0 to 5,

[0266] R 301 can be hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a -substituted C1-C 60 alkyl, an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a -substituted C2-C 60 alkenyl, an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a -substituted C2-C 60 alkynyl, an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a -substituted C1-C 60 alkoxy, an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a -substituted C3-C 60 carbocyclic group, an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a -substituted C1-C 60 ​​Heterocyclic group, -Si(Q 301 )(Q 302 )(Q 303 )、-N(Q 301 )(Q 302 )、-B(Q 301 )(Q 302 )、-C(=O)(Q 301 )、-S(=O)2(Q 301 ) or -P(=O)(Q 301 )(Q 302 ),

[0267] xb21 can be an integer selected from 1 to 5, and

[0268] Q 301 to Q 303 can each independently be the same as described with reference to Q1.

[0269] In an embodiment, in Formula 301, when xb11 is 2 or greater, two or more Ar 301 can be connected to each other via a single bond.

[0270] In an embodiment, the host can include a compound represented by Formula 301-1, a compound represented by Formula 301-2, or any combination thereof:

[0271] [Formula 301-1]

[0272]

[0273] [Formula 301-2]

[0274]

[0275] In Formula 301-1 and Formula 301-2,

[0276] Ring A 301 to Ring A 304 can each independently be an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C3-C 60 carbocyclic group or an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C1-C 60 heterocyclic group,

[0277] X 301 can be O, S, N[(L 304 ) xb4 -R 304 , C(R 304 )(R 305 ) or Si(R 304 )(R 305 ),

[0278] xb22 and xb23 can each independently be 0, 1, or 2,

[0279] L 301 , xb1, and R 301 can each be the same as described herein,

[0280] L 302 to L 304 can each independently be the same as that referenced to L 301 described,

[0281] xb2 to xb4 can each independently be the same as that referenced to xb1 described, and

[0282] R 302 to R 305 and R 311 to R 314 can each be the same as that referenced to R 301 described.

[0283] In an embodiment, the host may include an alkaline earth metal complex, a late transition metal complex, or any combination thereof. In an embodiment, the host may include a Be complex (e.g., compound H55), a Mg complex, a Zn complex, or any combination thereof.

[0284] In an embodiment, the host may include one of compounds H1 to H128, 9,10-bis(2-naphthyl)anthracene (ADN), 2-methyl-9,10-bis(naphthalen-2-yl)anthracene (MADN), 9,10-bis(2-naphthyl)-2-tert-butyl-anthracene (TBADN), 4,4'-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1'-biphenyl (CBP), 1,3-bis(9-carbazolyl)benzene (mCP), 1,3,5-tris(carbazol-9-yl)benzene (TCP), or any combination thereof:

[0285]

[0286]

[0287]

[0288]

[0289]

[0290]

[0291] [Phosphorescent dopant]

[0292] In an embodiment, the first dopant may include a phosphorescent dopant.

[0293] According to an embodiment, based on 100 parts by weight of the total host, the amount of the first dopant may be in the range of about 1.0 wt% to about 30 wt%. When the amount of the first dopant is within the above range, the light-emitting device may have excellent luminous efficiency and lifespan.

[0294] [Thermally activated delayed fluorescence material]

[0295] In an embodiment, the emission layer may include a thermally activated delayed fluorescence material.

[0296] In an embodiment, the second dopant may include a thermally activated delayed fluorescence material.

[0297] According to an embodiment, based on 100 parts by weight of the total host, the amount of the second dopant may be in the range of about 1.0 wt% to about 7.0 wt%. When the amount of the second dopant is within the above range, the light-emitting device may have excellent luminous efficiency and lifespan.

[0298] [Electron transport region in the interlayer 130]

[0299] The electron transport region may have a single-layer structure composed of a single layer (composed of a single material), a single-layer structure composed of a single layer including different materials, or a multi-layer structure including multiple layers containing different materials.

[0300] The electron transport region may include a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof.

[0301] In an embodiment, the electron transport region may have a structure of an electron transport assisting layer / electron transport layer or an electron transport assisting layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer, etc., where the layers of each structure may be stacked from the emission layer in the order described respectively, but the structure of the electron transport region is not limited thereto.

[0302] In an embodiment, the electron transport region (e.g., a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, or an electron transport layer in the electron transport region) may include a metal-free compound including at least one π-deficient nitrogen-containing C1-C 60 cyclic group.

[0303] In an embodiment, the electron transport region may include a compound represented by Formula 601:

[0304] [Formula 601]

[0305] [Ar 601 xe11 -[(L 601 ) xe1 -R 601 xe21 . ​​

[0306] In Formula 601,

[0307] Ar 601 and L 601 may each independently be an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C3-C 60 carbocyclic group or an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C1-C 60 heterocyclic group,

[0308] xe11 may be 1, 2, or 3,

[0309] xe1 may be 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5,

[0310] R 601 may be an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C3-C 60 carbocyclic group, an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted C1-C 60 heterocyclic group, -Si(Q 601 )(Q 602 )(Q 603 )、-C(=O)(Q 601 )、-S(=O)2(Q 601 ) or -P(=O)(Q 601 )(Q 602 ),

[0311] Q 601 to Q 603 may each independently be the same as described for Q1,

[0312] xe21 may be 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, and

[0313] Ar 601 、L 601 and R 601 at least one of which may each independently be an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted π-deficient nitrogen-containing C1-C 60 cyclic group.

[0314] In an embodiment, in Formula 601, when xe11 is 2 or greater, two or more Ar 601 may be connected to each other via a single bond.

[0315] In an embodiment, in Formula 601, Ar 601 may be an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a substituted anthryl group.

[0316] In an embodiment, the electron transport region may include a compound represented by Formula 601-1:

[0317] [Formula 601-1]

[0318]

[0319] In Formula 601-1,

[0320] X 614 may be N or C(R 614 ), X 615 may be N or C(R 615 ), X 616 may be N or C(R 616 ), and at least one of X 614 to X 616 may each be N,

[0321] L 611 to L 613 may each independently be the same as described for reference L 601 ,

[0322] xe611 to xe613 may each independently be the same as described for reference xe1,

[0323] R 611 to R 613 may each independently be the same as described for reference R 601 , and

[0324] R 614 to R 616 may each independently be hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, C1-C 20 alkyl, C1-C 20 alkoxy, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a substituted C3-C 60 carbocyclic group or unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a substituted C1-C 60 heterocyclic group.

[0325] In an embodiment, in Formulas 601 and 601-1, xe1 and xe611 to xe613 may each independently be 0, 1, or 2.

[0326] In an embodiment, the electron transport region may include one of Compounds ET1 to ET45, 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP), 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen), Alq3, BAlq, TAZ, NTAZ, ETL1, or any combination thereof:

[0327]

[0328]

[0329]

[0330]

[0331] The thickness of the electron transport region can be in the range of about to about For example, the thickness of the electron transport region can be in the range of about to about When the electron transport region includes a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, or any combination thereof, the thickness of the hole blocking layer can be in the range of about to about For example, the thickness of the hole blocking layer can be in the range of about to about The thickness of the electron transport layer can be in the range of about to about For example, the thickness of the electron transport layer can be in the range of about to about When the thickness of the electron transport region, the thickness of the hole blocking layer, and / or the thickness of the electron transport layer are within any of these ranges, satisfactory electron transport characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0332] In addition to the above materials, the electron transport region (e.g., the electron transport layer in the electron transport region) can further include a metal-containing material.

[0333] The metal-containing material can include an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, or any combination thereof. The metal ion of the alkali metal complex can be a Li ion, a Na ion, a K ion, a Rb ion, or a Cs ion, and the metal ion of the alkaline earth metal complex can be a Be ion, a Mg ion, a Ca ion, a Sr ion, or a Ba ion. The ligand coordinated with the metal ion of the alkali metal complex or with the metal ion of the alkaline earth metal complex can include hydroxyquinoline, hydroxyisoquinoline, hydroxybenzoquinoline, hydroxyacridine, hydroxyphenanthridine, hydroxyphenyl oxazole, hydroxyphenyl thiazole, hydroxyphenyl oxadiazole, hydroxyphenyl thiadiazole, hydroxyphenyl pyridine, hydroxyphenyl benzimidazole, hydroxyphenyl benzothiazole, bipyridine, phenanthroline, cyclopentadiene, or any combination thereof.

[0334] For example, the metal-containing material can include a Li complex. The Li complex can include, for example, compound ET-D1 (Liq) or compound ET-D2:

[0335]

[0336] The electron transport region may include an electron injection layer that facilitates the injection of electrons from the second electrode 150. The electron injection layer may be in contact with (e.g., directly in contact with) the second electrode 150.

[0337] The electron injection layer may have a single-layer structure composed of a single layer (composed of a single material), a single-layer structure composed of a single layer including different materials, or a multi-layer structure including multiple layers containing different materials.

[0338] The electron injection layer may include an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth metal compound, a rare earth metal compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof.

[0339] The alkali metal may include Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, or any combination thereof. The alkaline earth metal may include Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, or any combination thereof. The rare earth metal may include Sc, Y, Ce, Tb, Yb, Gd, or any combination thereof.

[0340] The alkali metal compound, the alkaline earth metal compound, and the rare earth metal compound may be oxides, halides (e.g., fluorides, chlorides, bromides, iodides, etc.), or tellurides of the alkali metal, the alkaline earth metal, and the rare earth metal, or any combination thereof.

[0341] The alkali metal compound may include: alkali metal oxides such as Li2O, Cs2O, and K2O, etc.; alkali metal halides such as LiF, NaF, CsF, KF, LiI, NaI, CsI, and KI, etc.; or any combination thereof. The alkaline earth metal compound may include alkaline earth metal oxides such as BaO, SrO, CaO, Ba x Sr 1-x O (where x is a real number satisfying 0 < x < 1) and Ba x Ca 1-xO (where x is a real number satisfying 0 < x < 1), etc. The rare earth metal compound may include YbF3, ScF3, Sc2O3, Y2O3, Ce2O3, GdF3, TbF3, YbI3, ScI3, TbI3, or any combination thereof. In an embodiment, the rare earth metal compound may include lanthanide metal tellurides. Examples of lanthanide metal tellurides may include LaTe, CeTe, PrTe, NdTe, PmTe, SmTe, EuTe, GdTe, TbTe, DyTe, HoTe, ErTe, TmTe, YbTe, LuTe, La2Te3, Ce2Te3, Pr2Te3, Nd2Te3, Pm2Te3, Sm2Te3, Eu2Te3, Gd2Te3, Tb2Te3, Dy2Te3, Ho2Te3, Er2Te3, Tm2Te3, Yb2Te3, and Lu2Te3, etc.

[0342] The alkali metal complex, alkaline earth metal complex, and rare earth metal complex may include an alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth metal ion, or a rare earth metal ion, and a ligand bonded to the metal ion (e.g., hydroxyquinoline, hydroxyisoquinoline, hydroxybenzoquinoline, hydroxyacridine, hydroxyphenanthridine, hydroxyphenyl oxazole, hydroxyphenyl thiazole, hydroxyphenyl oxadiazole, hydroxyphenyl thiadiazole, hydroxyphenyl pyridine, hydroxyphenyl benzimidazole, hydroxyphenyl benzothiazole, bipyridine, phenanthroline, cyclopentadiene, or any combination thereof).

[0343] In an embodiment, the electron injection layer may be composed of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal-containing compound, an alkaline earth metal-containing compound, a rare earth metal-containing compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof as described above. In an embodiment, the electron injection layer may further include an organic material (e.g., a compound represented by Formula 601).

[0344] In an embodiment, the electron injection layer may be composed of an alkali metal-containing compound (e.g., an alkali metal halide); or the electron injection layer may be composed of an alkali metal-containing compound (e.g., an alkali metal halide) and an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, or any combination thereof. For example, the electron injection layer may be a KI:Yb co-deposited layer, a RbI:Yb co-deposited layer, a LiF:Yb co-deposited layer, etc.

[0345] When the electron injection layer further includes an organic material, the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, rare earth metal, alkali metal-containing compound, alkaline earth metal-containing compound, rare earth metal-containing compound, alkali metal complex, alkaline earth metal complex, rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof may be uniformly or non-uniformly dispersed in a matrix including the organic material.

[0346] The thickness of the electron injection layer may be about to about within a range. For example, the thickness of the electron injection layer can be within about to about within a range. When the thickness of the electron injection layer is within any of these ranges, satisfactory electron injection characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0347] [Second electrode 150]

[0348] The second electrode 150 is disposed on the interlayer 130 having the aforementioned structure. The second electrode 150 can be a cathode as an electron injection electrode. When the second electrode 150 is a cathode, the material used to form the second electrode 150 can include materials having a low work function, such as metals, alloys, conductive compounds, or any combination thereof.

[0349] The second electrode 150 can include Li, Ag, Mg, Al, Al-Li, Ca, Mg-In, Mg-Ag, Yb, Ag-Yb, ITO, IZO, or any combination thereof. The second electrode 150 can be a transmissive electrode, a semi-transmissive electrode, or a reflective electrode.

[0350] The second electrode 150 can have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure.

[0351] [Capping layer]

[0352] The light-emitting device 10 can include a first capping layer outside the first electrode 110, and / or a second capping layer outside the second electrode 150. For example, the light-emitting device 10 can have a structure in which the first capping layer, the first electrode 110, the interlayer 130, and the second electrode 150 are stacked in this order, a structure in which the first electrode 110, the interlayer 130, the second electrode 150, and the second capping layer are stacked in this order, or a structure in which the first capping layer, the first electrode 110, the interlayer 130, the second electrode 150, and the second capping layer are stacked in this order.

[0353] The light generated in the emission layer of the interlayer 130 of the light-emitting device 10 can pass through the first electrode 110 (which can be a semi-transmissive electrode or a transmissive electrode) and be extracted to the outside through the first capping layer. The light generated in the emission layer of the interlayer 130 of the light-emitting device 10 can pass through the second electrode 150 (which can be a semi-transmissive electrode or a transmissive electrode) and be extracted to the outside through the second capping layer.

[0354] The first capping layer and the second capping layer can each increase the external emission efficiency according to the principle of constructive interference. Accordingly, the light extraction efficiency of the light-emitting device 10 is increased, thereby improving the light-emitting efficiency of the light-emitting device 10.

[0355] The first capping layer and the second capping layer can each include a material having a refractive index greater than or equal to about 1.6 (relative to a wavelength of about 589 nm).

[0356] The first capping layer and the second capping layer may each independently be an organic capping layer including an organic material, an inorganic capping layer including an inorganic material, or an organic-inorganic composite capping layer including an organic material and an inorganic material.

[0357] At least one of the first capping layer and the second capping layer may each independently include a carbocyclic compound, a heterocyclic compound, an amino group-containing compound, a porphyrin derivative, a phthalocyanine derivative, a naphthalocyanine derivative, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, or any combination thereof. The carbocyclic compound, the heterocyclic compound, and the amino group-containing compound may each optionally be substituted with a substituent including O, N, S, Se, Si, F, Cl, Br, I, or any combination thereof.

[0358] In an embodiment, at least one of the first capping layer and the second capping layer may each independently include an amino group-containing compound.

[0359] In an embodiment, at least one of the first capping layer and the second capping layer may each independently include a compound represented by Formula 201, a compound represented by Formula 202, or any combination thereof.

[0360] In an embodiment, at least one of the first capping layer and the second capping layer may each independently include one of Compounds HT28 to HT33, one of Compounds CP1 to CP6, β-NPB, or any combination thereof:

[0361]

[0362]

[0363] [Electronic device]

[0364] The light-emitting device may be included in various electronic devices. For example, the electronic device including the light-emitting device may be a light-emitting device and an authentication device, etc.

[0365] In addition to the light-emitting device, the electronic device (e.g., the light-emitting device) may further include a color filter, a color conversion layer, or a color filter and a color conversion layer. The color filter and / or the color conversion layer may be disposed in at least one traveling direction of the light emitted from the light-emitting device. For example, the light emitted from the light-emitting device may be blue light or white light. The light-emitting device may be the light-emitting device described herein. In an embodiment, the color conversion layer may include quantum dots.

[0366] The electronic device may include a first substrate. The first substrate may include a plurality of sub-pixels, the color filter may include a plurality of color filter regions respectively corresponding to the plurality of sub-pixels, and the color conversion layer may include a plurality of color conversion regions respectively corresponding to the plurality of sub-pixels.

[0367] The pixel defining layer may be disposed between a plurality of sub-pixels to define each sub-pixel.

[0368] The color filter may further include a plurality of color filter regions and a plurality of light-shielding patterns disposed between the plurality of color filter regions, and the color conversion layer may further include a plurality of color conversion regions and a plurality of light-shielding patterns disposed between the plurality of color conversion regions.

[0369] The plurality of color filter regions (or the plurality of color conversion regions) may include a first region that emits first color light, a second region that emits second color light, and / or a third region that emits third color light, wherein the first color light, the second color light, and / or the third color light may have different maximum emission wavelengths from each other. For example, the first color light may be red light, the second color light may be green light, and the third color light may be blue light. In an embodiment, the plurality of color filter regions (or the plurality of color conversion regions) may include quantum dots. In an embodiment, the first region may include red quantum dots, the second region may include green quantum dots, and the third region may not include quantum dots. The quantum dots may be the quantum dots described herein. The first region, the second region, and / or the third region may each further include a scatterer.

[0370] In an embodiment, the light-emitting device may emit first light, the first region may absorb the first light to emit first-first color light, the second region may absorb the first light to emit second-first color light, and the third region may absorb the first light to emit third-first color light. In an embodiment, the first-first color light, the second-first color light, and the third-first color light may have different maximum emission wavelengths from each other. In an embodiment, the first light may be blue light, the first-first color light may be red light, the second-first color light may be green light, and the third-first color light may be blue light.

[0371] In addition to the light-emitting device as described above, the electronic device may further include a thin-film transistor. The thin-film transistor may include a source electrode, a drain electrode, and an active layer, wherein one of the source electrode and the drain electrode may be electrically connected to one of the first electrode and the second electrode of the light-emitting device.

[0372] The thin-film transistor may further include a gate electrode, a gate insulating film, and the like.

[0373] The active layer may include crystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, an organic semiconductor, an oxide semiconductor, and the like.

[0374] The electronic device may further include a sealing portion for sealing the light-emitting device. The sealing portion may be disposed between the color filter and / or color conversion layer and the light-emitting device. The sealing portion may allow light from the light-emitting device to be extracted to the outside, and may prevent environmental air and moisture from penetrating into the light-emitting device. The sealing portion may be a sealing substrate including a transparent glass substrate or a plastic substrate. The sealing portion may be a thin film encapsulation layer including at least one layer of an organic layer and an inorganic layer. When the sealing portion is a thin film encapsulation layer, the electronic device may be flexible.

[0375] According to the use of the electronic device, various functional layers may be further included on the sealing portion in addition to the color filter and / or color conversion layer. Examples of the functional layer may include a touch screen layer and a polarization layer, etc. The touch screen layer may be a pressure-sensitive touch screen layer, a capacitive touch screen layer, or an infrared touch screen layer. The authentication device may be, for example, a biometric authentication device that authenticates an individual by using biometric information of a living body (such as a fingertip, a pupil, etc.).

[0376] In addition to the light-emitting device as described above, the authentication device may further include a biometric information collector.

[0377] The electronic device may be applied to various displays, light sources, lighting devices, personal computers (such as mobile personal computers), mobile phones, digital cameras, electronic notebooks, electronic dictionaries, electronic game consoles, medical tools (such as electronic thermometers, sphygmomanometers, glucometers, pulse measuring devices, pulse wave measuring devices, electrocardiogram monitors, ultrasonic diagnostic devices, or endoscope monitors), fish finders, various measuring tools, meters (such as meters for vehicles, aircraft, and ships), and projectors, etc.

[0378] Figure 2 and Figure 3 description of

[0379] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electronic device according to an embodiment.

[0380] Figure 2 The electronic device of includes a substrate 100, a thin film transistor (TFT), a light-emitting device, and an encapsulation portion 300 for sealing the light-emitting device.

[0381] The substrate 100 may be a flexible substrate, a glass substrate, or a metal substrate. A buffer layer 210 may be disposed on the substrate 100. The buffer layer 210 may prevent the penetration of impurities through the substrate 100, and may provide a flat surface on the substrate 100.

[0382] The TFT may be disposed on the buffer layer 210. The TFT may include an active layer 220, a gate electrode 240, a source electrode 260, and a drain electrode 270.

[0383] ​The active layer 220 may include an inorganic semiconductor (e.g., silicon or polysilicon), an organic semiconductor, or an oxide semiconductor, and may include a source region, a drain region, and a channel region.

[0384] The gate insulating film 230 for insulating the active layer 220 from the gate electrode 240 may be disposed on the active layer 220, and the gate electrode 240 may be disposed on the gate insulating film 230.

[0385] The interlayer insulating film 250 may be disposed on the gate electrode 240. The interlayer insulating film 250 may be disposed between the gate electrode 240 and the source electrode 260 to insulate the gate electrode 240 from the source electrode 260, and may be disposed between the gate electrode 240 and the drain electrode 270 to insulate the gate electrode 240 from the drain electrode 270.

[0386] The source electrode 260 and the drain electrode 270 may be disposed on the interlayer insulating film 250. The interlayer insulating film 250 and the gate insulating film 230 may be formed to expose the source region and the drain region of the active layer 220, and the source electrode 260 and the drain electrode 270 may respectively contact the exposed portions of the source region and the drain region of the active layer 220.

[0387] The TFT may be electrically connected to the light-emitting device to drive the light-emitting device, and may be covered and protected by the passivation layer 280. The passivation layer 280 may include an inorganic insulating film, an organic insulating film, or any combination thereof. The light-emitting device may be provided on the passivation layer 280. The light-emitting device may include a first electrode 110, an interlayer 130, and a second electrode 150.

[0388] The first electrode 110 may be disposed on the passivation layer 280. The passivation layer 280 may not completely cover the drain electrode 270 and may expose a part of the drain electrode 270. The first electrode 110 may be electrically connected to the exposed portion of the drain electrode 270.

[0389] The pixel defining layer 290 including an insulating material may be disposed on the first electrode 110. The pixel defining layer 290 may expose a region of the first electrode 110, and the interlayer 130 may be formed in the exposed region of the first electrode 110. The pixel defining layer 290 may be a polyimide-based organic film or a polyacrylic acid-based organic film. Although not shown in Figure 2 , at least some layers of the interlayer 130 may extend beyond the upper portion of the pixel defining layer 290 and be provided in the form of a common layer.

[0390] The second electrode 150 may be disposed on the interlayer 130, and a capping layer 170 may be further included on the second electrode 150. The capping layer 170 may be formed to cover the second electrode 150.

[0391] The encapsulation part 300 can be disposed on the cover layer 170. The encapsulation part 300 can be disposed on the light-emitting device to prevent the light-emitting device from being affected by moisture and / or oxygen. The encapsulation part 300 can include: an inorganic film, which includes silicon nitride (SiN x ), silicon oxide (SiO x ), indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, or any combination thereof; an organic film, which includes polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyethylene sulfonate, polyoxymethylene, polyarylate, hexamethyldisiloxane, acrylic resin (e.g., polymethyl methacrylate or polyacrylic acid, etc.), epoxy resin (e.g., aliphatic glycidyl ether (AGE), etc.), or any combination thereof; or any combination of the inorganic film and the organic film.

[0392] Figure 3 FIG. is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electronic device according to another embodiment.

[0393] Figure 3 The electronic device of Figure 2 may be different from the electronic device of Figure 3 at least in that it further includes a light-shielding pattern 500 and a functional area 400 on the encapsulation part 300. The functional area 400 can be a color filter area, a color conversion area, or a combination of the color filter area and the color conversion area. In an embodiment, Figure 3 the light-emitting device included in the electronic device can be a series light-emitting device.

[0394] [Manufacturing Method]

[0395] Layers constituting the hole transport region, the emission layer, and layers constituting the electron transport region can be formed in a selected area by using various methods (such as vacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) deposition, inkjet printing, laser printing, and laser-induced thermal imaging, etc.).

[0396] When forming layers constituting the hole transport region, the emission layer, and layers constituting the electron transport region by vacuum deposition, depending on the materials included in the layers to be formed and the structure of the layers to be formed, the deposition can be carried out at a deposition temperature in the range of about 100 °C to about 500 °C, at a vacuum degree in the range of about 10 -8 Torr to about 10 -3 Torr, and at a deposition rate in the range of about to about .

[0397] [Definition of Terms]

[0398] As used herein, the term "C3-C 60"Carbocyclic group" may be a cyclic group composed of carbon atoms as the only ring-forming atoms and having 3 to 60 carbon atoms. For example, C4-C 60 carbocyclic group, C3-C 50 carbocyclic group, C3-C 40 carbocyclic group, C3-C 30 carbocyclic group, C3-C 20 carbocyclic group or C3-C 10 carbocyclic group. As used herein, the term "C1-C 60 heterocyclic group" may be a cyclic group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms and further having at least one heteroatom as a ring-forming atom in addition to carbon atoms. For example, C1-C 50 heterocyclic group, C1-C 40 heterocyclic group, C1-C 30 heterocyclic group, C1-C 20 heterocyclic group or C1-C 10 heterocyclic group. C3-C 60 carbocyclic group and C1-C 60 heterocyclic group may each be a monocyclic group composed of one ring or a polycyclic group in which two or more rings are fused to each other. For example, the number of ring-forming atoms of C1-C 60 heterocyclic group may be 3 to 61.

[0399] As used herein, "cyclic group" may be C3-C 60 carbocyclic group or C1-C 60 heterocyclic group.

[0400] As used herein, the term "π-electron-rich C3-C 60 cyclic group" may be a cyclic group having 3 to 60 carbon atoms and may not include *-N=*' as a ring-forming moiety. As used herein, the term "π-electron-deficient nitrogen-containing C1-C 60 cyclic group" may be a heterocyclic group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms and may include *-N=*' as a ring-forming moiety.

[0401] In an embodiment,

[0402] C3-C 60 carbocyclic group may be a T1 group or a group in which two or more T1 groups are fused to each other (for example, cyclopentadienyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, phenyl, pentaphenylenyl, naphthyl, azulyl, indacenyl, acenaphthylenyl, phenalenyl, phenanthryl, anthryl, fluoranthenyl, triphenylenyl, pyrenyl, 1,2-benzophenanthrenyl, perylenyl, pentaphenyl, heptaphenylenyl, tetracenyl, picenyl, hexaphenyl, ovaleneyl, corannulenyl, ovoideneyl, indenyl, fluorenyl, spirobifluorenyl, benzofluorenyl, indenophenanthrenyl or indenanthracenyl),

[0403] C1-C 60 The heterocyclic group may be a T2 group, a group in which at least two T2 groups are fused to each other, or a group in which at least one T2 group and at least one T1 group are fused to each other (for example, pyrrolyl, thienyl, furyl, indolyl, benzindolyl, naphthylindolyl, isoindolyl, benzisoindolyl, naphthylisoindolyl, benzosilolyl, benzothienyl, benzofuryl, carbazolyl, dibenzosilolyl, dibenzothienyl, dibenzofuryl, indolocarbazolyl, indolocarbazolyl, benzofurocarbazolyl, benzothienocarbazolyl, benzosilolocarbazolyl, benzindolocarbazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, benzonaphthofuryl, benzonaphthothienyl, benzonaphthosilolyl, benzofurodibenzofuryl, benzofurodibenzothienyl, benzothienodibenzothienyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, benzoisoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, benzoquinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, benzoquinazolinyl, phenanthrolinyl, cinnolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyridinyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, imidazotriazinyl, imidazopyrazinyl, imidazopyridazinyl, azacarbazolyl, azafuryl, azadibenzosilolyl, azadibenzothienyl or azadibenzofuryl, etc.),

[0404] π - electron - rich C3-C 60 The cyclic group may be a T1 group, a group in which two or more T1 groups are fused to each other, a T3 group, a group in which two or more T3 groups are fused to each other, or a group in which at least one T3 group and at least one T1 group are fused to each other (for example, C3-C 60 carbocyclic group, 1H - pyrrolyl, silolyl, borole, 2H - pyrrolyl, 3H - pyrrolyl, thienyl, furyl, indolyl, benzindolyl, naphthylindolyl, isoindolyl, benzisoindolyl, naphthylisoindolyl, benzosilolyl, benzothienyl, benzofuryl, carbazolyl, dibenzosilolyl, dibenzothienyl, dibenzofuryl, indolocarbazolyl, indolocarbazolyl, benzofurocarbazolyl, benzothienocarbazolyl, benzosilolocarbazolyl, benzindolocarbazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, benzonaphthofuryl, benzonaphthothienyl, benzonaphthosilolyl, benzofurodibenzofuryl, benzofurodibenzothienyl or benzothienodibenzothienyl, etc.),

[0405] π - electron - deficient nitrogen - containing C1-C 60The cyclic group can be a T4 group, a group in which at least two T4 groups are fused to each other, a group in which at least one T4 group and at least one T1 group are fused to each other, a group in which at least one T4 group and at least one T3 group are fused to each other, or a group in which at least one T4 group, at least one T1 group and at least one T3 group are fused to each other (e.g., pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, benzoisoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, benzoquinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, benzoquinazolinyl, phenanthrolinyl, cinnolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyridinyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, imidazotriazinyl, imidazopyrazinyl, imidazopyridazinyl, azacarbazolyl, azafluorene, azadibenzosilolyl, azadibenzothiophenyl, and azadibenzofuranyl, etc.).

[0406] The T1 group can be cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclobutenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclopentadienyl, cyclohexenyl, cyclohexadienyl, cycloheptenyl, adamantyl, norbornyl (or bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl), norbornenyl, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentyl, bicyclo[2.1.1]hexyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl or phenyl,

[0407] The T2 group can be furyl, thienyl, 1H-pyrrolyl, silolyl, borole, 2H-pyrrolyl, 3H-pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, azasilolyl, azaborole, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, tetrazinyl, pyrrolidinyl, imidazolidinyl, dihydropyrrolyl, piperidinyl, tetrahydropyridyl, dihydropyridyl, hexahydropyrimidinyl, tetrahydropyrimidinyl, dihydropyrimidinyl, piperazinyl, tetrahydropyrazinyl, dihydropyrazinyl, tetrahydropyridazinyl or dihydropyridazinyl,

[0408] The T3 group can be furyl, thienyl, 1H-pyrrolyl, silolyl or borole, and

[0409] The T4 group can be 2H-pyrrolyl, 3H-pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, azasilolyl, azaborole, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl or tetrazinyl.

[0410] As used herein, the terms "cyclic group", "C3-C60 "carbocyclic group", "C1-C" 60 "heterocyclic group", "π-electron rich C3-C" 60 "cyclic group" and "π-electron deficient nitrogen-containing C1-C" 60 Each of the "carbocyclic group", "heterocyclic group", "π-electron rich C3-C cyclic group" and "π-electron deficient nitrogen-containing C1-C cyclic group" is a group fused to any cyclic group, monovalent group or polyvalent group (e.g., divalent group, trivalent group, tetravalent group, etc.) according to the structure of the formula in which the corresponding term is used. For example, "phenyl" can be benzyl, phenyl or phenylene, etc., which can be easily understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the structure of the formula including "phenyl".

[0411] Monovalent C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group or monovalent C1-C 60 Examples of the heterocyclic group may include C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group and monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group. Divalent C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group or divalent C1-C 60 Examples of the heterocyclic group may include C3-C 10 Subcycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Subheterocycloalkyl, C3-C 10 Subcycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Subheterocycloalkenyl, C6-C 60 Subaryl, C1-C 60 Subheteroaryl, divalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group and divalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group.

[0412] As used herein, the term "C1-C" 60 "alkyl" can be a straight-chain or branched-chain monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms. For example, C1-C 50 alkyl, C1-C 30 alkyl, C1-C 20 alkyl or C1-C 10 alkyl, and examples thereof may include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, tert-pentyl, neopentyl, isopentyl, sec-pentyl, 3-pentyl, sec-isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, sec-hexyl, tert-hexyl, n-heptyl, isoheptyl, sec-heptyl, tert-heptyl, n-octyl, isooctyl, sec-octyl, tert-octyl, n-nonyl, isononyl, sec-nonyl, tert-nonyl, n-decyl, isodecyl, sec-decyl and tert-decyl. As used herein, the term "C1-C" 60"Alkylene" may be a divalent group having the same structure as a C1-C 60 alkyl group.

[0413] As used herein, the term "C2-C 60 alkenyl" may be a monovalent hydrocarbon group having at least one carbon-carbon double bond in the middle or at the end of a C2-C 60 alkyl group, for example, C2-C 30 alkenyl, C2-C 20 alkenyl or C2-C 10 alkenyl, and examples thereof may include vinyl, propenyl, and butenyl, etc. As used herein, the term "C2-C 60 alkenylene" may be a divalent group having the same structure as a C2-C 60 alkenyl group.

[0414] As used herein, the term "C2-C 60 alkynyl" may be a monovalent hydrocarbon group having at least one carbon-carbon triple bond in the middle or at the end of a C2-C 60 alkyl group, for example, C2-C 30 alkynyl, C2-C 20 alkynyl or C2-C 10 alkynyl, and examples thereof are ethynyl and propynyl, etc. As used herein, the term "C2-C 60 alkynylene" may be a divalent group having the same structure as a C2-C 60 alkynyl group.

[0415] As used herein, the term "C1-C 60 alkoxy" may be a monovalent group represented by -O(A 101 ), where A 101 may be a C1-C 60 alkyl group, for example, C1-C 30 alkoxy, C1-C 20 alkoxy or C1-C 10 alkoxy, and examples thereof may include methoxy, ethoxy, and isopropoxy, etc.

[0416] As used herein, the term "C3-C 10 cycloalkyl" may be a monovalent saturated hydrocarbon ring group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and examples thereof may include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl (or bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl), bicyclo[1.1.1]pentyl, bicyclo[2.1.1]hexyl, and bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, etc. As used herein, the term "C3-C 10 cycloalkylene" may be a divalent group having the same structure as a C3-C 10A divalent group in which the cycloalkyl groups have the same structure.

[0417] As used herein, the term "C1-C 10 heterocycloalkyl" may be a monovalent cyclic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms that further includes at least one heteroatom as a ring-forming atom in addition to carbon atoms, and examples thereof may include 1,2,3,4-oxadiazolyl, tetrahydrofuryl, and tetrahydrothienyl, etc. As used herein, the term "C1-C 10 heterocycloalkylene" may be a divalent group having the same structure as C1-C 10 heterocycloalkyl.

[0418] As used herein, the term "C3-C 10 cycloalkenyl" may be a monovalent cyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond in its ring structure and having no aromaticity, and examples thereof may include cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, and cycloheptenyl, etc. As used herein, the term "C3-C 10 cycloalkenylene" may be a divalent group having the same structure as C3-C 10 cycloalkenyl.

[0419] As used herein, the term "C1-C 10 heterocycloalkenyl" may be a monovalent cyclic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms that further includes at least one heteroatom as a ring-forming atom in addition to carbon atoms and having at least one double bond. Examples of C1-C 10 heterocycloalkenyl may include 4,5-dihydro-1,2,3,4-oxadiazolyl, 2,3-dihydrofuryl, and 2,3-dihydrothienyl, etc. As used herein, the term "C1-C 10 heterocycloalkenylene" may be a divalent group having the same structure as C1-C 10 heterocycloalkenyl.

[0420] As used herein, the term "C6-C 60 aryl" may be a monovalent group of a carbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms. For example, C6-C 50 aryl, C6-C 40 aryl, C6-C 30 aryl, C6-C 20 aryl or C6-C 15 aryl, and as used herein, the term "C6-C 60 arylene" may be a divalent group of a carbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms. C6-C 60Examples of aryl may include phenyl, pentaphenylenyl, naphthyl, azulyl, indacenyl, acenaphthylenyl, phenalenyl, phenanthrenyl, anthracenyl, fluoranthenyl, triphenylenyl, pyrenyl, 1,2-benzophenanthrenyl, perylenyl, pentaphenyl, heptaphenylenyl, tetracenyl, picenyl, hexaphenyl, pentacenyl, rubicenyl, coronenyl, ovalenyl, etc. When C6-C 60 aryl and C6-C 60 arylene each include two or more rings, the respective rings may be fused to each other.

[0421] As used herein, the term "C1-C 60 heteroaryl" may be a monovalent group of a heteroaromatic system having 1 to 60 carbon atoms that further includes at least one heteroatom as a ring-forming atom in addition to carbon atoms. For example, C1-C 50 heteroaryl, C1-C 40 heteroaryl, C1-C 30 heteroaryl, C1-C 20 heteroaryl or C1-C 10 heteroaryl. As used herein, the term "C1-C 60 heteroarylene" may be a divalent group of a heteroaromatic system having 1 to 60 carbon atoms that further includes at least one heteroatom as a ring-forming atom in addition to carbon atoms. C1-C 60 Examples of heteroaryl may include pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoisoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, benzoquinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, benzoquinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, phenanthrolinyl, phthalazinyl, and naphthyridinyl. When C1-C 60 heteroaryl and C1-C 60 heteroarylene each include two or more rings, the respective rings may be fused to each other.

[0422] As used herein, the term "monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group" may be a monovalent group having two or more rings fused to each other, with only carbon atoms as ring-forming atoms and having no aromaticity in its molecular structure when considered as a whole (e.g., having 8 to 60 carbon atoms). For example, C8-C 60 monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, C8-C 50 monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, C8-C 40 monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, C8-C 30 monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group or C8-C 20Monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group. Examples of monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups may include indenyl, fluorenyl, spirobifluorenyl, benzofluorenyl, indenoanthracenyl, indenoanthracenyl, etc. As used herein, the term "divalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group" may be a divalent group having the same structure as the above monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group.

[0423] As used herein, the term "monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group" may be a monovalent group having two or more rings fused to each other, further including at least one heteroatom as a ring-forming atom in addition to carbon atoms, and having no aromaticity in its molecular structure when considered as a whole (e.g., having 1 to 60 carbon atoms), for example, C1-C 60 Monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, C1-C 50 Monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, C1-C 40 Monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, C1-C 30 Monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group or C1-C 20 Monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group. Examples of monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic groups may include pyrrolyl, thienyl, furyl, indolyl, benzindolyl, naphthylindolyl, isoindolyl, benzisoindolyl, naphthylisoindolyl, benzosilolyl, benzothienyl, benzofuryl, carbazolyl, dibenzosilolyl, dibenzothienyl, dibenzofuryl, azacarbazolyl, azafuryl, azadibenzosilolyl, azadibenzothienyl, azadibenzofuryl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidyl, imidazotriazinyl, imidazopyrazinyl, imidazopyridazinyl, indocarbazolyl, indolocarbazolyl, benzofurocarbazolyl, benzothienocarbazolyl, benzosilolocarbazolyl, benzindolocarbazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, benzonaphthofuryl, benzonaphthothienyl, benzonaphthosilolyl, benzofurodibenzofuryl, benzofurodibenzothienyl, and benzothienodibenzothienyl. As used herein, the term "divalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group" may be a divalent group having the same structure as the above monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group.

[0424] As used herein, the term "C6-C 60 Aryloxy" may be a group represented by -O(A 102 ) (where A 102 May be C6-C 60 Aryl), for example, C6-C 50 Aryloxy, C6-C 40Aryloxy, C6-C 30 Aryloxy, C6-C 20 Aryloxy or C6-C 15 Aryloxy, and as used herein, the term "C6-C 60 Arylthio" may be a group represented by -S(A 103 ), where A 103 may be C6-C 60 Aryl), for example, C6-C 50 Arylthio, C6-C 40 Arylthio, C6-C 30 Arylthio, C6-C 20 Arylthio or C6-C 15 Arylthio.

[0425] As used herein, the term "C7-C 60 Aralkyl" may be a group represented by -(A 104 )(A 105 ), where A 104 may be C1-C 54 Alkylene, and A 105 may be C6-C 59 Aryl), for example, C7-C 50 Aralkyl, C7-C 40 Aralkyl, C7-C 30 Aralkyl, C7-C 20 Aralkyl or C7-C 15 Aralkyl, and as used herein, the term "C2-C 60 Heteroaralkyl" may be a group represented by -(A 106 )(A 107 ), where A 106 may be C1-C 59 Alkylene, and A 107 may be C1-C 59 Heteroaryl), for example, C2-C 50 Heteroaralkyl, C2-C 40 Heteroaralkyl, C2-C 30 Heteroaralkyl, C2-C 20 Heteroaralkyl or C2-C 15 Heteroaralkyl.

[0426] In the specification, the group "R 10a " may be:

[0427] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano or nitro;

[0428] Each unsubstituted or substituted by the following C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C60 Alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl or C1-C 60 alkoxy: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, C3-C 60 carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 aryloxy, C6-C 60 arylthio, C7-C 60 aralkyl, C2-C 60 heteroaralkyl, -Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 )、-N(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-B(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-C(=O)(Q 11 )、-S(=O)2(Q 11 )、-P(=O)(Q 11 )(Q 12 ) or any combination thereof;

[0429] Each unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 60 carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 aryloxy, C6-C 60 arylthio, C7-C 60 aralkyl or C2-C 60 heteroaralkyl: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl, C1-C 60 alkoxy, C3-C 60 carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 aryloxy, C6-C 60 arylthio, C7-C 60 aralkyl, C2-C 60 heteroaralkyl, -Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 )、-N(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-B(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-C(=O)(Q 21 )、-S(=O)2(Q 21 )、-P(=O)(Q21 )(Q 22 ) or any combination thereof; or

[0430] -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -C(=O)(Q 31 ), -S(=O)2(Q 31 ), or -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ).

[0431] In the specification, the groups Q1 to Q3, Q 11 to Q 13 , Q 21 to Q 23 and Q 31 to Q 33 may each independently be: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxy; cyano; nitro; C1-C 60 alkyl; C2-C 60 alkenyl; C2-C 60 alkynyl; or C1-C 60 alkoxy; or

[0432] each unsubstituted or substituted by the following C3-C 60 carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 heterocyclic group, C7-C 60 arylalkyl or C2-C 60 heteroarylalkyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 alkyl, C1-C 60 alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl or any combination thereof.

[0433] As used herein, the term "heteroatom" may be any atom other than a carbon atom and a hydrogen atom. Examples of heteroatoms may include O, S, N, P, Si, B, Ge, Se and any combination thereof.

[0434] As used herein, the term "transition metal" may be hafnium (Hf), tantalum (Ta), tungsten (W), rhenium (Re), osmium (Os), iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), gold (Au), etc.

[0435] In the specification, the term "Ph" refers to phenyl, the term "Me" refers to methyl, the term "Et" refers to ethyl, the term "tert-Bu" and "Bu t”Each refers to a tert-butyl group, and the term “OMe” refers to a methoxy group.

[0436] As used herein, the term “biphenyl” may be “phenyl substituted with a phenyl group”. For example, “biphenyl” may be a substituted phenyl group having a C6-C 60 aryl group as a substituent.

[0437] As used herein, the term “terphenyl” may be “phenyl substituted with a biphenyl group”. For example, “terphenyl” may be a substituted phenyl group having a C6-C 60 aryl group substituted with a C6-C 60 aryl group as a substituent.

[0438] The maximum number of carbon atoms described in the above definitions is only an example. For example, the maximum number of carbon atoms in a C1-C 60 alkyl group of 60 is only an example, and the definition of the alkyl group may also apply to a C1-C 20 alkyl group. This also applies to the definitions of the other groups described above.

[0439] Unless otherwise defined, the symbols * and *’ as used herein each refer to the bonding sites to adjacent atoms in the corresponding formula.

[0440] [Examples and Comparative Examples]

[0441] Manufacture of Light-Emitting Device

[0442] Example 1

[0443] As the anode, a Corning 15 Ω / cm 2 ITO glass substrate was cut into a size of 50 mm × 50 mm × 0.5 mm, ultrasonically treated with isopropyl alcohol and pure water for 10 minutes each, and subjected to plasma treatment. The ITO glass substrate was provided to a vacuum deposition apparatus.

[0444] The compound m-MTDATA was vacuum-deposited on the ITO glass substrate to form a hole injection layer with a thickness of and the compound HT3 was vacuum-deposited on the hole injection layer to form a hole transport layer with a thickness of

[0445] The compound HT-39 as the first host, the compound ET-38 as the second host, the compound PD-1 as the first dopant, and the compound TD-28 as the second dopant were co-deposited on the hole transport layer to form a light-emitting layer with a thickness of (Based on 100 parts by weight of the total host, first host: second host = 6:4 (weight ratio), first dopant = 10 wt%, second dopant = 1 wt%). ​

[0446] As a compound for the electron transport layer, ETL1 and lithium quinolate (Liq) are co-deposited on the emission layer at a weight ratio of 5:5 to form an electron transport layer with a thickness of .

[0447] Ytterbium (Yb) is deposited on the electron transport layer to a thickness of to form an electron injection layer, and MgAg is vacuum deposited on the electron injection layer at a weight ratio of 90:10 to a thickness of to form a cathode, thus completing the fabrication of the light-emitting device.

[0448]

[0449] Examples 2 to 7

[0450] A light-emitting device is fabricated in substantially the same manner as in Example 1, except that when forming the emission layer, the compounds shown in Table 1 are used as the first host, second host, first dopant, and second dopant.

[0451] Comparative Example 1

[0452] A light-emitting device is fabricated in substantially the same manner as in Example 1, except that when forming the emission layer, 3,3'-bis(9H-carbazol-9-yl)-1,1'-biphenyl (mCBP) is used as the host, Compound 100 is used as the first dopant, and Compound 200 is used as the second dopant. The amount of the host is the sum of the amounts of the first host and the second host in Example 1.

[0453]

[0454] Comparative Example 2

[0455] A light-emitting device is fabricated in substantially the same manner as in Example 1, except that when forming the emission layer, Compound 300 is used as the first dopant and Compound 200 is used as the second dopant.

[0456]

[0457] Comparative Example 3

[0458] A light-emitting device is fabricated in substantially the same manner as in Example 1, except that when forming the emission layer, Compound 400 is used as the first dopant and Compound 200 is used as the second dopant.

[0459]

[0460] Comparative Example 4

[0461] The light-emitting device was fabricated in substantially the same manner as in Example 1, except that when forming the emission layer, only Compound 500 was used as a dopant. The amount of the dopant was the sum of the amounts of the first dopant and the second dopant in Example 1.

[0462]

[0463] The measurement results of the luminous efficiency, lifetime, and capacitance of the light-emitting device are shown in Table 1. The luminous efficiency (Cd / A) and lifetime of the light-emitting device were measured at 1000 cd / m 2 using Keithley MU236 and luminance meters SR3AR and PR650. The lifetime corresponds to the time taken for the luminance to reach 90% of the initial luminance. The capacitance was measured using impedance spectroscopy [model: Dielectric Impedance Measurement System from Novocontrol Inc.] at intervals of 1 kHz and 100 mV according to the applied voltage. In Table 1, based on the luminous efficiency of the light-emitting device in Comparative Example 1 being 100%, the luminous efficiency of the light-emitting device is shown as the relative luminous efficiency, and based on the lifetime of the light-emitting device in Comparative Example 1 being 100%, the lifetime of the light-emitting device is shown as the relative lifetime.

[0464] Table 1

[0465]

[0466] As can be seen from Table 1, the light-emitting device of the example shows excellent characteristics compared to the light-emitting device of the comparative example.

[0467] The light-emitting device according to the embodiment can have excellent luminous efficiency, lifetime, and capacitance.

[0468] Embodiments have been disclosed herein, and although terms have been employed, they are used and interpreted only in a general and descriptive sense and not for purposes of limitation. In some instances, as will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, features, characteristics, and / or elements described in connection with an embodiment may be used alone or in combination with features, characteristics, and / or elements described in connection with other embodiments, unless otherwise specifically indicated. Accordingly, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A light emitting device, comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; as well as an interlayer between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer, wherein the emission layer includes a first host, a second host, a first dopant, and a second dopant, The first dopant is a compound comprising a metal and a ligand containing an imidazole moiety, The imidazole moiety comprises a triarylsilyl group, and The second dopant is a boron-containing compound.

2. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein The first electrode is an anode, The second electrode is a cathode, The interlayer further comprises: a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emission layer, wherein the hole transport region comprises a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission auxiliary layer, an electron blocking layer or any combination thereof; and / or An electron transport region is between the second electrode and the emission layer, and the electron transport region includes a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof. The light-emitting device according to claim 1 , wherein the first host is a hole transport host. The light-emitting device according to claim 1 , wherein the second host is an electron transport host.

5. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the first body comprises one of the following parts:

6. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the first host comprises one of compound HT-1 to compound HT-40:

7. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the second body comprises one of the following parts:

8. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the second host comprises one of compound ET-1 to compound ET-43:

9. The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein the metal comprises a transition metal.

10. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the first dopant comprises a compound represented by Formula 401: Formula 401 M(L 401 ) xc1 (L 402 ) xc2 , Formula 402 In equations 401 and 402, L 401 and L 402 optionally joined together to form a ring, M is titanium, cobalt, copper, zinc, zirconium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, rhenium, platinum, gold, osmium, iridium or rhenium, L 401 is a ligand represented by formula 402, xc1 is 1, 2 or 3, wherein when xc1 is 2 or greater, two or more L 401 Same or different from each other, L 402 For organic ligands, xc2 is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein when xc2 is 2 or greater, two or more L 402 Same or different from each other, X 401 and X 402 are each independently N or C, Ring A 401 and Ring A 402 Each independently is C3-C 60 Carbocyclic or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, T 401 is a single bond, -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q 411 )-、-C(Q 411 )(Q 412 )-、-C(Q 411 )=C(Q 412 )-、-C(Q 411 )=or=C=, X 403 and X 404 Each independently represents a chemical bond, O, S, N (Q 413 )、B(Q 413 )、P(Q 413 )、C(Q 413 )(Q 414 ) or Si(Q 413 )(Q 414 ), R 401 and R 402 Each is independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted or replaced by at least one R 10a Substituted C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C1-C 20 Alkoxy, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, -Si(Q 401 )(Q 402 )(Q 403 )、-N(Q 401 )(Q 402 )、-B(Q 401 )(Q 402 )、-C(=O)(Q 401 )、-S(=O)2(Q 401 ) or -P(=O)(Q 401 )(Q 402 ), R 401 and R 402 are optionally linked to each other to form a ring, R 10a for: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano or nitro; Each unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 Alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkynyl or C1-C 60 Alkoxy: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aralkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaralkyl, -Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 )、-N(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-B(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-C(=O)(Q 11 )、-S(=O)2(Q 11 )、-P(=O)(Q 11 )(Q 12 ) or any combination thereof; Each unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Arylalkyl or C2-C 60 Heteroaralkyl: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 Alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkynyl, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aralkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaralkyl, -Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 )、-N(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-B(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-C(=O)(Q 21 )、-S(=O)2(Q 21 )、-P(=O)(Q 21 )(Q 22 ) or any combination thereof; or -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 )、-N(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-B(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-C(=O)(Q 31 )、-S(=O)2(Q 31 ) or -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), and Q 11 To Q 13 , Q 21 To Q 23 , Q 31 To Q 33 , Q 411 To Q 414 and Q 401 To Q 403 Each independently represents: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C1-C 60 Alkyl; C2-C 60 Alkenyl; C2-C 60 Alkynyl; C1-C 60 Alkoxy; or each unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C7-C 60 Arylalkyl or C2-C 60 Heteroaralkyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl or any combination thereof, xc11 and xc12 are each independently an integer selected from 0 to 10, * and *' in Formula 402 each indicate a bonding site to M in Formula 401, Ring A 401 and Ring A 402 One of which comprises an imidazole moiety, When Ring A 401 When including the imidazole moiety, R 401 includes a triarylsilyl group, and When Ring A 402 When including the imidazole moiety, R 402 Includes triarylsilyl.

11. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the first dopant comprises a compound represented by Formula 1: Formula 1 In formula 1, M is titanium, cobalt, copper, zinc, zirconium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, rhenium, platinum, gold, osmium, iridium or rhenium, T 402 is a single bond, -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q 411 )-、-C(Q 411 )(Q 412 )-、-C(Q 411 )=C(Q 412 )-、-C(Q 411 )=or=C=, R 402 To R 406 Each is independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted or replaced by at least one R 10a Substituted C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C1-C 20 Alkoxy, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, -Si(Q 401 )(Q 402 )(Q 403 )、-N(Q 401 )(Q 402 )、-B(Q 401 )(Q 402 )、-C(=O)(Q 401 )、-S(=O)2(Q 401 ) or -P(=O)(Q 401 )(Q 402 ), R 501 To R 503 are each independently unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C6-C 60 Aryl, xc12 is an integer selected from 0 to 3, xc13, xc14 and xc16 are each independently an integer selected from 0 to 4, xc15 is an integer selected from 0 to 2, L1 is unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C4-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, b1 is an integer selected from 1 to 4, and R 10a for: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano or nitro; Each unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 Alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkynyl or C1-C 60 Alkoxy: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aralkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaralkyl, -Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 )、-N(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-B(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-C(=O)(Q 11 )、-S(=O)2(Q 11 )、-P(=O)(Q 11 )(Q 12 ) or any combination thereof; Each unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Arylalkyl or C2-C 60 Heteroaralkyl: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 Alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkynyl, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aralkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaralkyl, -Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 )、-N(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-B(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-C(=O)(Q 21 )、-S(=O)2(Q 21 )、-P(=O)(Q 21 )(Q 22 ) or any combination thereof; or -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 )、-N(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-B(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-C(=O)(Q 31 )、-S(=O)2(Q 31 ) or -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), and Q 11 To Q 13 , Q 21 To Q 23 , Q 31 To Q 33 , Q 411 , Q 412 and Q 401 To Q 403 Each independently represents: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C1-C 60 Alkyl; C2-C 60 Alkenyl; C2-C 60 Alkynyl; C1-C 60 Alkoxy; or each unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C7-C 60 Arylalkyl or C2-C 60 Heteroaralkyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C1-C 60 alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl or any combination thereof.

12. The light-emitting device according to claim 11, wherein in Formula 1, L1 comprises one of the following functional groups:

13. The light emitting device according to claim 11, wherein the Si (R 501 )(R 502 )(R 503 ) and the substitution position of the imidazole moiety substituted on L1 are on a straight line.

14. The light emitting device according to claim 11, wherein in Formula 1, L1 is R 10a substituted phenylene, and R 10a The substitution position is at the ortho position of the carbon atom of the phenylene group to which the imidazole moiety is attached.

15. The light-emitting device according to claim 11, wherein the first dopant comprises one of compound PD-1 to compound PD-8, compound PD-10 to compound PD-17, compound PD-19, and compound PD-20:

16. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the second dopant comprises a compound represented by Formula 2: Formula 2 In Formula 2, Y1 to Y3 are each independently S, N (R 24 )、B(R 24 )、C(R 24 )(R 25 ) or Si(R 24 )(R 25 ), c is 0 or 1, A 11 To A 13 Each independently selected from C5-C 30 Carbocyclic and C1-C 30 Heterocyclic group, R 21 To R 25 Each is independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidino, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid or its salt, sulfonic acid or its salt, phosphate or its salt, unsubstituted or substituted by at least one R 10a Substituted C1-C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C2-C 60 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C2-C 60 Alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C1-C 60 Alkoxy, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C6-C 60 Aryl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C6-C 60 Aryloxy, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a A substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, unsubstituted or replaced by at least one R 10a substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic groups, -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -N(Q1)(Q2), -B(Q1)(Q2), -P(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1) and -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2), R 21 To R 25 are optionally linked to each other to form an unsubstituted or substituted R 10a Substituted C5-C 30 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C1-C 30 Heterocyclic group, a21 to a23 are each independently an integer selected from 0 to 10, R 10a for: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano or nitro; Each unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 Alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkynyl or C1-C 60 Alkoxy: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aralkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaralkyl, -Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 )、-N(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-B(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-C(=O)(Q 11 )、-S(=O)2(Q 11 )、-P(=O)(Q 11 )(Q 12 ) or any combination thereof; Each unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Arylalkyl or C2-C 60 Heteroaralkyl: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 Alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkynyl, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aralkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaralkyl, -Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 )、-N(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-B(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-C(=O)(Q 21 )、-S(=O)2(Q 21 )、-P(=O)(Q 21 )(Q 22 ) or any combination thereof; or -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 )、-N(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-B(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-C(=O)(Q 31 )、-S(=O)2(Q 31 ) or -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ),and Q1 to Q3, Q 11 To Q 13 , Q 21 To Q 23 and Q 31 To Q 33 each independently represents hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C1-C 60 Alkyl; C2-C 60 Alkenyl; C2-C 60 Alkynyl; C1-C 60 Alkoxy or each unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C7-C 60 Arylalkyl or C2-C 60 Heteroaralkyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C1-C 60 alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl or any combination thereof.

17. The light-emitting device according to claim 16, wherein the second dopant comprises one of compound TD-1 to compound TD-11, compound TD-13 to compound TD-28, compound TD-30 to compound TD-32, and compound TD-34 to compound TD-36:

18. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein The capacitance of the light emitting device is less than or equal to 6.8 nF, and The capacitance refers to a capacitance value measured according to an applied voltage by using impedance spectroscopy, and is a value measured at intervals of 1 kHz and 100 mV.

19. An electronic device comprising the light emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

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