Green, ecological and disease-resistant cultivation method for Chinese mesona herb

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of Chinese mesona herb cultivation, and particularly relates to a green, ecological and disease-resistant Chinese mesona herb cultivation method which comprises the following steps: S1, soil preparation and ridging; s2, film covering and punching; s3, field planting and watering; s4, timely topdressing; s5, disease prevention and treatment: mainly preventing and comprehensively preventing and treating; when the Chinese mesona herb has a stem rot symptom in the growth process, spraying a bactericide of which the effective components are compounded by butenyl phthalide and berberine or osthole; and S6, timely harvesting. According to the method, in the cultivation process of the mesona chinensis, by spraying the bactericide with the effective components compounded by butylenephthalide and berberine or osthole, the prevention and treatment effect on the stem rot of the mesona chinensis can be improved, the dosage of pesticide and pesticide residues are reduced, and then support can be provided for green, ecological and disease-resistant cultivation of the mesona chinensis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agar-agar grass cultivation, and particularly relates to a green, ecological and disease-resistant cultivation method of agar-agar grass. Background Art

[0002] Agar-agar is a herbaceous plant of the Lamiaceae family, also known as fairy grass, fairy grass, fairy jelly, etc. It is an important plant resource for both medicine and food, and is the main raw material for foods such as Wanglaoji, Jiaduobao, and Guilinggao. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region is one of the important production areas of agar-agar in my country, and the planting areas are mainly distributed in Lingshan, Pingnan, and Jinxiu counties in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. In recent years, with the continuous expansion of the cultivation area of ​​agar-agar, the diseases of agar-agar have become increasingly serious. In some places, the occurrence of diseases has caused a large-scale reduction in production.

[0003] In the process of cultivating agar grass, the stem base rot of agar grass is a disease that cannot be ignored. The incidence rate in the main production areas of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region is 30%-50%, and in severe cases, it leads to a production reduction of more than 40%. It can be caused by the infection of plants by Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium moniliforme. When the plant is sick, there is no obvious lesion on the outside of the cortex at the base of the stem in the early stage of the disease. The leaf surface is wilted and the leaf color becomes lighter. As the cortex at the base of the stem turns brown to dark brown, it circles around the base of the stem. In the later stage, the leaves turn yellow-brown and die, and most of them remain on the branches without falling off. In the production process, spraying agents such as thiophanate-methyl and carbendazim (focusing on spraying the stem base) can be used to prevent and control the stem base rot of agar grass. However, with the long-term use of existing agents, the resistance of pathogens to the agents is gradually accumulating, resulting in a decrease in the prevention and control effect of the agents year by year. Although increasing the dosage of pesticides can improve the prevention and control effect, this method will only aggravate the accumulation of drug resistance. Long-term use will also lead to a decrease in soil microbial diversity and organic matter content. At the same time, there are problems such as excessive pesticide residues and environmental pollution, which endanger food safety and human health. For this reason, it is necessary to demand a green ecological and disease-resistant cultivation method for agarwood. Green ecological cultivation can reduce the use of pesticides, reduce pesticide residues, and alleviate environmental pressure, which not only helps to improve the quality of the ecological environment, but also protect water resources and biodiversity.

[0004] The prior art has disclosed that butenylphthalide can be used to control fall armyworm, and also disclosed that butenylphthalide and butylphthalide can be used to control white rot of crops, and that butenylphthalide and tebuconazole can be used in combination to control peanut root rot. Therefore, it is very meaningful to study whether butenylphthalide is feasible in controlling stem base rot of agar grass.

[0005] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be regarded as an acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a green ecological and disease-resistant cultivation method for Mesona chinensis Benth. to solve the problems existing in the cultivation process of Mesona chinensis Benth. in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A green ecological and disease-resistant cultivation method for Mesona chinensis Benth., comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1. Site preparation and ridging

[0010] Select sandy loam with a pH of 6.5 - 7.0, deeply plow 30 - 35 cm and then break up the soil to form ridges. The width between ridges is 120 - 135 cm, the width of the ridge surface is 100 - 120 cm, and the height of the ridge is 32 - 40 cm;

[0011] S2. Film covering and hole punching

[0012] Lay a silver - gray double - colored plastic film with a width of 150 cm on the ridge surface and press the surrounding with soil blocks. Punch holes on the plastic film according to the planned planting row and plant spacing;

[0013] S3. Transplanting and watering

[0014] Transplant the cuttings of Mesona chinensis Benth. with a height of 25 - 30 cm into the holes punched on the plastic film, press the soil at the roots tightly and pour sufficient root - setting water;

[0015] S4. Timely top - dressing

[0016] S5. Disease control

[0017] Prevention first, comprehensive control; when the symptoms of stem - base rot appear during the growth of Mesona chinensis Benth., spray a fungicide whose active ingredient is a compound of butylidenephthalide and berberine or osthole;

[0018] S6. Timely harvesting.

[0019] Further, in step S2, the planting row and plant spacing are 30 cm×40 cm.

[0020] Further, in step S3, 2 - 3 cuttings of Mesona chinensis Benth. are transplanted into each hole.

[0021] Further, in step S4, at 10 d, 20 d, 40 d and 60 d after the planting of Mesona chinensis Benth., bio - organic fertilizer is applied in stages, and the dosage of the bio - organic fertilizer is 100 - 300 kg / hm2.

[0022] Further, in step S5, the compound mass ratio of butylidenephthalide and berberine is 1 - 9:18 - 1.

[0023] Further, in step S5, the compound mass ratio of butylidenephthalide and osthole is 1 - 6:6 - 1.

[0024] Further, in step S5, by mass percentage, the bactericide is composed of 10-65% active ingredient, 1-3% wetting agent, 4-6% dispersant, and the balance being filler.

[0025] The present invention also provides a bactericidal composition for the green ecological and disease-resistant cultivation of Mesona chinensis. The bactericidal composition is a compound of butylidenephthalide and berberine or osthole; wherein, the mass ratio of the compound of butylidenephthalide and berberine is 1-9:18-1; the mass ratio of the compound of butylidenephthalide and osthole is 1-6:6-1.

[0026] The present invention also provides a method for the green ecological and disease-resistant cultivation of Mesona chinensis. When the symptoms of stem base rot appear during the growth process of Mesona chinensis, a bactericide with the active ingredient being the above-mentioned bactericidal composition is sprayed.

[0027] The present invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned bactericidal composition in the prevention and control of stem base rot of Mesona chinensis.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] (1) During the cultivation process of Mesona chinensis, by spraying a bactericide whose active ingredient is a compound of butylidenephthalide and berberine or osthole, the prevention and control effect on stem base rot of Mesona chinensis can be improved, the dosage of pesticides and pesticide residues can be reduced, the environmental pressure can be relieved, and thus support can be provided for the green ecological and disease-resistant cultivation of Mesona chinensis.

[0030] (2) The bactericidal composition of the present invention is a compound of butylidenephthalide and berberine or osthole. Within a certain mass ratio range, the co-toxicity coefficient of the compound combination for inhibiting the mycelial growth of Fusarium moniliforme, the pathogen of stem base rot of Mesona chinensis, is greater than 120, showing a synergistic effect. It can improve the prevention and control effect on stem base rot of Mesona chinensis, and at the same time, it can also delay the accumulation and development speed of drug resistance, providing support for the development of green ecological and disease-resistant bactericides for the prevention and control of stem base rot of Mesona chinensis. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] The technical solutions of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] A method for the green ecological and disease-resistant cultivation of Mesona chinensis includes the following steps:

[0034] S1. Site preparation and ridging

[0035] Select sandy loam with a pH of 7.0. After deep plowing by 32 cm, break up the soil to form ridges. The width between ridges is 120 cm, the width of the ridge surface is 120 cm, and the height of the ridge is 32 cm.

[0036] S2. Film mulching and hole punching

[0037] Lay a silver-gray and double-color plastic film with a width of 150 cm on the ridge surface and press the surrounding with soil blocks. Punch holes in the plastic film according to the planned planting row and plant spacing; in this implementation, the planting row and plant spacing are 30 cm × 40 cm.

[0038] S3. Transplanting and watering

[0039] Transplant the Mesona chinensis Benth. cutting seedlings with a height of about 30 cm to the holes punched in the plastic film. Plant 2 plants in each hole. After transplanting, press the soil around the roots and pour enough root-fixing water.

[0040] S4. Timely topdressing

[0041] Apply biological organic fertilizer once at 10 days, 20 days, 40 days, and 60 days after the planting of Mesona chinensis Benth. The dosage of the biological organic fertilizer is 180 kg / hm 2 ; in this embodiment, the biological organic fertilizer is purchased from the root and fruit excellent fermented pure sheep manure organic fertilizer of Hebei Xiangniu Fertilizer Industry Co., Ltd. (organic matter content ≥ 45%, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ≥ 5%, effective viable bacteria number ≥ 0.2 × 10^8 / g, implementation standard: NY525-2012);

[0042] S5. Disease control

[0043] Prevention first, comprehensive control; when the symptoms of stem base rot appear during the growth of Mesona chinensis Benth., spray a bactericide whose active ingredient is a compound of butenyl phthalide and berberine or osthole; by mass percentage, the bactericide consists of 35% active ingredient, 3% sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 6% sodium lignosulfonate, 20% kaolin, and attapulgite is added to 100%; the active ingredient is a compound of butenyl phthalide and berberine in a mass ratio of 6:1.

[0044] S6. Timely harvesting.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] The difference from Example 1 is only that: the bactericide consists of 28% active ingredient, 3% sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 6% sodium lignosulfonate, 35% talcum powder, and diatomite is added to 100%; the active ingredient is a compound of butenyl phthalide and osthole in a mass ratio of 1:3.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] A bactericidal composition for the green ecological and disease-resistant cultivation of Mesona chinensis. The bactericidal composition is a compound of butenyl phthalide and berberine or osthole. Among them, the mass ratio of the compound of butenyl phthalide and berberine is 1-9:18-1; the mass ratio of the compound of butenyl phthalide and osthole is 1-6:6-1.

[0049] Example 4

[0050] A method for the green ecological and disease-resistant cultivation of Mesona chinensis. When the symptoms of stem base rot appear during the growth process of Mesona chinensis, a bactericide with the bactericidal composition of Example 3 as the active ingredient is sprayed.

[0051] Example 5

[0052] The combined effect of butenyl phthalide and berberine or osthole on the pathogen of stem base rot of Mesona chinensis was determined by the mycelial growth rate method.

[0053] 1. Test strains

[0054] Fusarium moniliforme, isolated from Mesona chinensis plants with typical symptoms of stem base rot.

[0055] 2. Test agents

[0056] 98% butenyl phthalide, 95% berberine, 99% osthole. The above agents were all purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd.

[0057] 3. Test methods

[0058] The mycelial growth rate method was adopted. The test agents were dissolved in a solvent and then diluted into single-agent mother liquors with a 0.1% Tween-80 aqueous solution. According to the previous tests, multiple groups of ratios were set, and then each single-agent mother liquor and the mixed agents of each group ratio were diluted into 5 mass concentration gradients with a 0.1% Tween-80 aqueous solution.

[0059] The PDA medium was melted. When it cooled to about 50 °C, the PDA medium and the liquid medicine were mixed evenly according to a volume ratio of 10:1, poured into a culture medium with a diameter of 9 cm, 10 mL of the mixed solution was added to each petri dish, and a drug-containing culture medium was formed after cooling. The treatment with a 0.1% Tween-80 aqueous solution was used as the blank control. Each drug solution at each mass concentration was repeated 3 times, and 4 culture media were used for each repetition.

[0060] The test strains were inoculated onto PDA medium and propagated at 25°C. A puncher was used to cut out 5-mm-diameter discs along the edge of the colonies of the test strains, and then the discs were inoculated into the center of the medicated medium and the blank control medium, with one disc inoculated into each medium. After inoculation, they were transferred to an incubator at 25°C for cultivation. After 3 days, the colony diameters of the test strains on the media containing different medicaments were measured by the cross method, and the inhibition rate of mycelial growth of the test strains by each medicament treatment was calculated compared with the blank control.

[0061]

[0062] 4. Evaluation of combined action effect

[0063] Regression analysis was performed on the logarithm of the liquid medicine concentration and the probit value of the inhibition rate to calculate the median effective concentration EC 50 of each medicament on the mycelial growth of the test strains, and the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) was calculated using the Sun Yunpei method.

[0064]

[0065] In the above formula: ATI—the measured toxicity index of the mixture; S—the EC 50 of the standard medicament, with the unit of mg / L; M—the EC 50 of the mixture, with the unit of mg / L.

[0066] TTI = TI A ×P A +TI B ×P B

[0067] In the above formula: TTI—the theoretical toxicological index of the mixture; TI A —the toxicity index of medicament A; P A —the percentage content of medicament A in the mixture, with the unit of percentage (%); TI B —the toxicity index of medicament B; P B —the percentage content of medicament B in the mixture, with the unit of percentage (%).

[0068]

[0069] In the above formula: CTC—co-toxicity coefficient; ATI—measured toxicity index of the mixture; TTI—theoretical toxicological index of the mixture.

[0070] According to the calculated co-toxicity coefficient (CTC), the synergistic effect of the medicaments was evaluated: CTC ≤ 80 was antagonistic effect, 80 < CTC < 120 was additive effect, and CTC ≥ 120 was synergistic effect. The results are shown in Table 1-2.

[0071] Table 1 Joint action effect of butylphthalide and berberine on Fusarium moniliforme, the pathogen of basal stem rot of Mesona chinensis

[0072]

[0073] As can be seen from Table 1, when butylphthalide and berberine are compounded at a mass ratio of 1 - 9:18 - 1, the co-toxicity coefficient of the compound combination against the mycelial growth of Fusarium moniliforme, the pathogen of basal stem rot of Mesona chinensis, is greater than 120, showing a synergistic effect. Compared with single components, it can improve the control effect on the basal stem rot of Mesona chinensis, reduce the dosage of pesticides and pesticide residues. It can be seen that the bactericidal composition of the present invention can provide support for the green ecological and disease-resistant cultivation of Mesona chinensis.

[0074] Table 2 Joint action effect of butylphthalide and osthole on Fusarium moniliforme, the pathogen of basal stem rot of Mesona chinensis

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] As can be seen from Table 2, when butylphthalide and osthole are compounded at a mass ratio of 1 - 6:6 - 1, the co-toxicity coefficient of the compound combination against the mycelial growth of Fusarium moniliforme, the pathogen of basal stem rot of Mesona chinensis, is greater than 120, showing a synergistic effect. Compared with single components, it can improve the control effect on the basal stem rot of Mesona chinensis, reduce the dosage of pesticides and pesticide residues. It can be seen that the bactericidal composition of the present invention can provide support for the green ecological and disease-resistant cultivation of Mesona chinensis.

[0078] In summary, the bactericidal composition of the present invention, which is compounded by butylphthalide and berberine or osthole, within a certain mass ratio range, the co-toxicity coefficient of the compound combination against the mycelial growth of Fusarium moniliforme, the pathogen of basal stem rot of Mesona chinensis, is greater than 120, showing a synergistic effect. It can improve the control effect on the basal stem rot of Mesona chinensis, and at the same time, it can also delay the accumulation and development speed of drug resistance, providing support for the development of green ecological and disease-resistant bactericides for controlling the basal stem rot of Mesona chinensis.

[0079] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and example. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it is apparent that many changes and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical applications, so that those skilled in the art can implement and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the invention as well as various different selections and changes. The scope of the invention is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A green, ecological and disease-resistant cultivation method of agar-agar grass, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Land preparation and ridge making Choose sandy loam with pH 6.5-7.0, plough 30-35cm deep and break up the soil to make ridges. The width between ridges is 120-135cm, the ridge surface width is 100-120cm, and the ridge height is 32-40cm. S2. Lamination and punching Spread the silver-grey two-color mulch film with a width of 150 cm on the bed surface and press it tightly with soil blocks around it, and punch holes in the mulch film according to the planned planting row spacing; S3. Planting and watering Plant the seedlings of Agarwood cuttings that have grown to a height of 25-30cm in the holes of the mulch, compact the soil around the roots and water them thoroughly to allow them to take root. S4. Topdressing in time S5. Disease control Prevention is the priority, and comprehensive control is adopted; when the radish grass shows symptoms of stem rot during its growth, spray a fungicide whose active ingredients are a combination of butylphthalide and berberine or osthole; S6. Harvest in time.

2. The green ecological and disease-resistant cultivation method of agar-agar grass according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the planting row spacing is 30 cm×40 cm.

3. The green ecological and disease-resistant cultivation method of agar-agar grass according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, 2-3 Aleuromatum cutting seedlings are planted in each hole.

4. The green ecological and disease-resistant cultivation method of agar-agar grass according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, when the agar grass is planted for 10 days, 20 days, 40 days and 60 days, a bio-organic fertilizer is applied once, and the amount of the bio-organic fertilizer is 100-300 kg / hm 2 .

5. The green ecological and disease-resistant cultivation method of agar-agar grass according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the compounding mass ratio of the butylphthalide to the berberine is 1-9:18-1.

6. The green ecological and disease-resistant cultivation method of agar-agar grass according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the compounding mass ratio of the butylphthalide to osthole is 1-6:6-1.

7. The green ecological and disease-resistant cultivation method of agar-agar grass according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the fungicide is composed of 10-65% active ingredient, 1-3% wetting agent, 4-6% dispersant and the balance filler in terms of mass percentage.

8. A bactericidal composition for green ecological and disease-resistant cultivation of jelly grass, characterized in that: The bactericidal composition is compounded by butylphthalide and berberine or osthole; wherein the compounding mass ratio of the butylphthalide to berberine is 1-9:18-1; and the compounding mass ratio of the butylphthalide to osthole is 1-6:6-1.

9. A green, ecological and disease-resistant cultivation method of jelly grass, characterized in that: When the symptoms of stem base rot appear during the growth process of the agar grass, a fungicide whose active ingredient is the fungicide composition according to claim 8 is sprayed.

10. Use of the bactericidal composition according to claim 8 for preventing and treating stem base rot of Agar-agar grass.

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