Method for non-destructively identifying allelopathy of root system of alien invasive plant

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for non-destructively identifying allelopathy of root systems of alien invasive plants. Belongs to the technical field of environmental protection. The method comprises the steps that 1, hydroponic experiments are adopted, the hydroponic experiments are divided into a single-species group and a mixed-species group, the single-species group is formed by planting alien invasive plants and target plants independently, and the mixed-species group is formed by planting the alien invasive plants and the target plants on the two sides; 2) after culturing for 15-30 days, checking the root biomass of the alien invasive plant and the target plant; and 3) calculating the biomass stability index, and determining the allelopathy of the alien invasive plant on the target plant. Compared with a conventional method for researching the allelopathy of the alien invasive plant through matrix cultivation, the water culture method does not damage the root system of the plant, and the allelopathy of the alien invasive plant on other plants can be visually and effectively observed; the operation is simple and convenient, and a leaching solution is not needed for testing; the allelopathic effect is researched in a water culture mode, the physical adsorption effect of soil or other matrixes on allelopathic substances is avoided, and the test effect is more direct.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, and more particularly to a method for non-destructively identifying the allelopathic effect of roots of alien invasive plants. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of global trade and tourism, the invasion of alien plants has become a global problem. In recent years, the invasion of alien plants in my country has continued to intensify, causing great harm to biodiversity, ecological security, and regional economic development.

[0003] Once alien plants successfully invade, they compete with species in the invaded area for resources and crowd out local plants. The efficient reproduction strategies and diverse environmental adaptability of alien invasive plants allow them to gradually occupy dominant ecological niches and form dominant populations, causing some native plants to disappear, greatly reducing the biodiversity of the invaded area, and at the same time reducing the yield and quality of crops.

[0004] The invasion of alien plants is often achieved through allelopathic effects, that is, releasing chemicals into the environment through volatilization of stems and leaves, leaching, decomposition of litter and root secretion, thereby promoting or inhibiting the growth and development of surrounding plants, achieving the goal of improving their own competitiveness, interfering with the growth and development of local plants, and disrupting the balance of regional ecosystems.

[0005] At present, the allelopathic effects of alien invasive plants are generally studied by centralized survey methods and mixed planting experimental research methods, which have problems such as large workload, complicated procedures, and inaccurate environmental influences. These factors will lead to inaccurate measurements of the allelopathic effects of the roots of alien invasive plants.

[0006] In summary, how to provide a simple and accurate method for identifying the allelopathic effects of alien invasive plants is an urgent problem that technicians in this field need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of this, the present invention provides a method for non-destructively identifying the allelopathic effects of roots of alien invasive plants.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] A method for non-destructive identification of allelopathic effects of roots of alien invasive plants, comprising the following steps:

[0010] (1) The experiment was conducted using hydroponic culture and was divided into a single-species group and a mixed-species group. In the single-species group, the invasive alien plant and the target plant were planted separately, while in the mixed-species group, the invasive alien plant and the target plant were planted on both sides.

[0011] (2) After 15 to 30 days of incubation, check the root biomass of the invasive plants and target plants;

[0012] (3) Calculate the biomass stability index to clarify the allelopathy of alien invasive plants. Among them,

[0013] Biomass stability index: The ratio of the root biomass under the hydroponic mixed-planting treatment to the root biomass under the hydroponic single-planting treatment.

[0014] The beneficial effects obtained: (1) Compared with the conventional substrate cultivation method for studying the allelopathy of alien invasive plants, the hydroponic method does not require damaging the plant roots and can directly and effectively observe the allelopathy of alien invasive plants on other plants; (2) This method is easy to operate and does not require preparing the root extract first and then conducting the allelopathy experiment with the extract; (3) Studying allelopathy by the hydroponic method avoids the possible physical adsorption of allelopathic substances by the soil or other substrates, and the experimental effect is more direct.

[0015] Furthermore, the alien invasive plant is Solanum rostratum.

[0016] Furthermore, the target plants are Coreopsis basalis, Cosmos sulphureus, Zinnia elegans, Helianthus annuus, Calendula officinalis, Tagetes erecta, and Gaillardia pulchella.

[0017] Furthermore, in step (3), when the biomass stability index value = 1, it indicates that there is no allelopathy between plants; when > 1, it indicates facilitative allelopathy, and when < 1, it indicates inhibitory allelopathy.

[0018] Furthermore, the temperature during cultivation is 25°C and the relative air humidity is 70%.

[0019] Furthermore, the hydroponic experiment is carried out when the plants grow to the 2 - 4 leaf stage.

[0020] Furthermore, the roots of the planted plants are immersed 3 - 5 cm into the culture solution.

[0021] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects obtained by the present invention are:

[0022] (1) The present invention studies the allelopathy between the roots of the alien invasive plant Solanum rostratum and 7 Compositae plants through a hydroponic confrontation experiment. Under laboratory conditions, it is less affected by the environment, takes less time, and has a high accuracy;

[0023] (2) Compared with studying root allelopathy under soil cultivation, the determination of various root indexes under hydroponic conditions is convenient and causes less damage, and at the same time, it can directly observe or display the growth of roots of different plants;

[0024] (3) The present invention improves the credibility through the comprehensive evaluation of various morphological indexes. Description of the Drawings

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 The attached drawing is a schematic diagram of single species and mixed species in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 The attached drawing is a single-species diagram of Solanum rostratum in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 The attached drawing is a cultivation test container and its internal view in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The medicaments required for the present invention are conventional experimental medicaments, purchased from commercial channels; the experimental methods not mentioned are conventional experimental methods, which will not be elaborated here one by one.

[0031] Embodiment 1

[0032] The comparison of the root allelopathy between the alien invasive plant (Solanum rostratum) and the target plants (7 species of Compositae flowers, including Coreopsis basalis, Cosmos sulphureus, Zinnia elegans, Helianthus annuus, Calendula officinalis, Tagetes erecta, Gaillardia pulchella) was carried out by a hydroponic experiment for easy observation.

[0033] The hydroponic experiment was carried out in an artificial climate chamber at a temperature of 25°C and an air relative humidity of 70%.

[0034] The cultivation test container was an uncovered plastic cube box with a capacity of 2 L. The upper surface of the cube box was covered with a foam floating board with circular planting holes, and the roots of the planted plants were immersed in the culture solution by 3 - 5 cm, and the air was above the liquid surface (as Figure 2 、 Figure 3 shown). Hoagland hydroponic nutrient solution was used as the culture solution.

[0035] The alien invasive plants and the target plants were respectively raised in seedlings and transplanted after growing to the 2 - 4 leaf stage.

[0036] Select plant seedlings at the 2-4 leaf stage with good growth conditions, a plant height of about 6 cm, and consistent growth vigor. Gently rinse them clean with distilled water and transplant them into the planting holes.

[0037] In the experiment, a single-species group (4 plants of the same species) and a mixed-species group (2 plants each of the alien invasive plant and the target plant, a total of 4 plants) were respectively planted on the cultivation test containers ( Figure 1 ), with 4 plants planted in each box, 5 boxes for one treatment, and repeated 3 times. In the single-species group, the alien invasive plant and the target plant were planted separately, and in the mixed-species group, the alien invasive plant and the target plant were planted on the left and right sides of the cultivation test container. When transplanting, insert 3-5 cm of the root system into the culture solution to ensure aerobic respiration of the root system ( Figure 3 ).

[0038] During the experiment, as the plants consumed, the culture solution was regularly added to the original liquid level every day, but not replaced.

[0039] After culturing for 15-30 days respectively, check the root growth of the plants, specifically including: the root biomass of the alien invasive plant and the target plant.

[0040] Table 1 Changes in root biomass of 8 plants under hydroponics in single-species and mixed-species cultures

[0041]

[0042] Note: Different capital and lowercase letters in the table represent significant differences between different treatments at the p<0.01 and p<0.05 levels respectively.

[0043] Through the above indicators, calculate the biomass stability index to clarify the allelopathic effect of the alien invasive plant.

[0044] Biomass stability index: The ratio of the root biomass under hydroponic mixed-species treatment to the root biomass under hydroponic single-species treatment.

[0045] When the biomass stability index value = 1, it indicates that there is no allelopathic effect between plants; when >1, it indicates a promoting allelopathic effect, and when <1, it indicates an inhibitory allelopathic effect.

[0046] Table 2 Comparison of biomass stability indices of Compositae flowers and Solanum rostratum under hydroponics

[0047]

[0048] From the results in Table 2, it can be seen that the root biomass stability indices of Coreopsis basalis, Helianthus annuus, Calendula officinalis, Tagetes erecta, and Gaillardia pulchella were all less than 1 when mixed with Solanum rostratum, indicating that these flowers were inhibited by the allelochemicals of Solanum rostratum under mixed-planting conditions, resulting in a significant reduction in their root biomass.

[0049] Comparative Example 1

[0050] The common technique is soil or substrate culture. When studying root allelopathy, it is necessary to take out the complete roots, which will inevitably damage the roots and cause errors and inaccuracies in the measurement results.

[0051] The method of the present invention adopts hydroponic technology. The roots are complete and undamaged. During the experiment, observations can be made at any time, the effect is intuitive, and the measurement results are accurate, reliable, and error-free.

[0052] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. For the same and similar parts between the various embodiments, reference can be made to each other.

[0053] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for non-destructive identification of allelopathic effects of roots of alien invasive plants, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) The experiment was conducted using hydroponic culture and was divided into a single-species group and a mixed-species group. In the single-species group, the invasive alien plant and the target plant were planted separately, while in the mixed-species group, the invasive alien plant and the target plant were planted on both sides. (2) After 15 to 30 days of incubation, check the root biomass of the invasive plants and target plants; (3) Calculate the biomass stability index and clarify the allelopathic effects of invasive alien plants, including: Biomass stability index: the ratio of root biomass under hydroponic mixed-crop treatment to root biomass under hydroponic single-crop treatment.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The invasive alien plant is Solanum nigrum.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The target plants are coreopsis, sulphureus, zinnia, sunflower, calendula, marigold, and gaillardia.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In the step (3), when the biomass stability index value = 1, it indicates that there is no allelopathic effect between plants; when it is > 1, it indicates a promoting allelopathic effect; and when it is < 1, it indicates an inhibitory allelopathic effect.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The culture temperature was 25°C and the relative humidity was 70%.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that When the plants grew to the 2-4 leaf stage, hydroponic experiments were carried out.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The roots of the planted plants are immersed in the culture solution 3 to 5 cm.

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