A nursing suction device for intensive care unit

Abstract

This invention discloses a suction device for use in an intensive care unit, comprising: a suction device body, a control unit, and a sputum collection container; the control unit and the sputum collection container are both installed on the top of the suction device body; the bottom of the sputum collection container has an inwardly recessed notch, and a cover plate is hinged to the notch; a sealing cavity is provided around the notch at the bottom of the sputum collection container, and a heating wire is provided inside the sealing cavity; multiple through holes for collecting residual liquid are arranged in a ring at the liquid collection cavity; an electric heating element that cooperates with the heating wire is also provided at the liquid collection cavity; by setting a heating wire and a nozzle inside the sputum collection container, the stirring effect of air bubbles and the heating effect of water work together to dilute and purify the sputum in the sputum collection container, reducing the residue and accumulation of sputum in the sputum collection container. The heating effect helps to accelerate the decomposition of protein, mucus, and other components in the sputum, making it easier to be diluted and purified by water, thereby reducing the risk of bacterial growth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a suction device, and more particularly to a nursing suction device for use in an intensive care unit. Background Technology

[0002] In the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), suction devices are essential medical equipment, playing a crucial role in clearing sputum from patients' airways to ensure airway patency and prevent suffocation and infection caused by sputum accumulation. Traditional suction devices generally consist of basic components such as the suction device itself, a control unit, and a collection container. Their function is relatively simple, primarily focusing on the suction and collection of sputum. However, in actual clinical application, these traditional devices have revealed the following problems:

[0003] (1) Imperfect sputum treatment mechanism: The sputum collected is usually directly stored in the sputum collection bucket without effective treatment methods. This can easily lead to sputum remaining in the bucket, providing a breeding ground for bacteria and thus increasing the risk of cross-infection.

[0004] (2) Functional limitations: Traditional suction devices are limited to a single suction operation and cannot meet the diverse needs of sputum treatment in clinical medicine. For example, functions such as real-time sputum purification and sputum collection cannot be achieved.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a nursing suction device for intensive care units to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a nursing suction device for intensive care units.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a suction device for intensive care unit, comprising: a suction device body, a control unit, and a sputum collection container; the control unit and the sputum collection container are both installed on the top of the suction device body; the bottom of the sputum collection container has an inwardly recessed notch, a cover plate is hinged to the notch, a sealing cavity is provided around the notch at the bottom of the sputum collection container, and a heating wire is provided in the sealing cavity; the suction device body has a hollow liquid collection cavity, a mounting block is provided in the middle of the liquid collection cavity, a nozzle and a fixing post are provided at the mounting block, the fixing post is right-angled, one right-angled side of the fixing post is located above the nozzle, and a top block is provided at the top of the fixing post; the liquid collection cavity has a plurality of through holes arranged in a ring for collecting residual liquid; the liquid collection cavity also has an electric heating element that cooperates with the heating wire.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the suction device body has a built-in air pump and an air cylinder. The input end of the air pump is connected to the air cylinder, and the output end is connected to the nozzle. An electronic valve is added to the connection section between the air pump and the nozzle. The electronic valve includes valve A, valve B, and valve C. Valve A is connected to the output end of the air pump, valve B is connected to the nozzle, and valve C is connected to the collection chamber. The mounting block is slidably connected to the collection chamber. By controlling the closing of valve C, the height of the mounting block in the collection chamber can be adjusted.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gas stored in the gas cylinder is preferably oxygen.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the suction device body also has an integrated circuit board built in, the integrated circuit board having an adjustment system for adjusting the operating parameters of the suction device, and a control system for controlling the closing status of the electronic valve.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a sealing gasket is provided at the cover plate to seal the notch, and the sealing gasket is made of rubber.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid collection chamber includes a first cavity and a second cavity. The first cavity is used to temporarily store the residual liquid, and a sealing plug is provided at the bottom of the first cavity. The inner wall of the second cavity is slidably connected to the mounting block, and a gap is left between the bottom of the mounting block and the second cavity. The mounting block can slide up and down by adjusting the air pressure in the gap.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nozzle is interconnected with the electronic valve, the liquid collection chamber is interconnected with the electronic valve, the electronic valve is interconnected with the output end of the air pump, and the air pump is interconnected with the gas cylinder.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top of the sputum collection bucket is connected to a bucket lid by a thread, and the bucket lid is provided with a sputum inlet and an overflow prevention interface, the overflow prevention interface being close to the control unit.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the height of the fixing post is consistent with the depth of the notch.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the side of the fixing post near the top of the nozzle is inverted conical.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top block is made of rubber or silicone.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nozzle is connected to the electronic valve via a first gas supply pipe, and the liquid collection chamber is connected to the electronic valve via a second gas supply pipe, wherein both the first gas supply pipe and the second gas supply pipe are flexible hoses.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sputum collection bucket includes a transparent part and an opaque part. The transparent part is made of rigid plastic and has scale lines. The transparent part forms the body of the sputum collection bucket. The opaque part is made of iron or stainless steel and forms the bottom of the sputum collection bucket. Furthermore, a heating wire is disposed in the opaque part at the bottom of the sputum collection bucket.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an adjustment method for the above-mentioned intensive care unit suction device is also provided, which is implemented based on an adjustment system integrated on the integrated circuit board; the adjustment system consists of a micro-adjuster, a processor, and an actuator; the micro-adjuster, as the core of the adjustment system, is responsible for processing input signals, executing adjustment algorithms, and outputting adjustment signals; the processor is used to receive the working data of the suction device in real time, process the working data through the adjustment algorithm, and calculate the adjustment data; the actuator receives the adjustment data, generates adjustment signals, and adjusts the working parameters of the heating wire, air pump, and electronic valve in real time.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, factors affecting the accuracy of the adjustment algorithm include, but are not limited to: temperature regulation of the heating wire, flow and pressure regulation of the air pump, opening and closing timing of the electronic valve, and stability and response speed of the entire system; wherein, the adjustment algorithm uses a PID algorithm to regulate the temperature of the heating wire, and the calculation formula of the PID algorithm is:

[0022]

[0023] In the formula, P heat Indicates the heating power of the heating wire; K p T represents the proportionality coefficient, which determines the response speed of the PID algorithm to the difference between the target temperature value and the actual temperature value; set Indicates the target temperature; T current Indicates the actual temperature value; K i K represents the integral coefficient, used to eliminate the steady-state error of the system. d The differential coefficient is used to predict the trend of system error changes and adjust the output of the PID algorithm accordingly.

[0024] This invention addresses the shortcomings of the prior art and has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] (1) This invention, by setting a heating wire and a nozzle inside the sputum collection bucket, utilizes the agitation of air bubbles and the heating effect of water to work together to dilute and purify the sputum inside the bucket, reducing the residue and accumulation of sputum in the bucket. The heating effect helps to accelerate the decomposition of components such as proteins and mucus in the sputum, making it easier to dilute and purify with water, thereby reducing the risk of bacterial growth.

[0026] (2) The sputum suction device proposed in this invention provides two working modes: real-time sputum purification mode and sputum collection mode, which meet the diverse needs of sputum treatment in clinical medicine. The real-time sputum purification mode achieves rapid purification of sputum through the combined action of heating and air bubbles; the sputum collection mode is used to concentrate sputum in a sputum collection bucket without additional processing of the sputum, making it convenient for medical staff to collect samples for testing. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a perspective structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a partial structural disassembly diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0032] List of reference numerals in the attached diagram:

[0033] 1: Suctioning device body; 2: Control unit; 2.1: Integrated circuit board; 2.2: Air pump; 2.3: Air cylinder; 2.4: Electronic valve; 2.5: First air supply tube; 2.6: Second air supply tube; 3: Sputum collection container; 3.1: Container lid; 3.2: Sputum inlet; 3.3: Overflow prevention interface; 3.4: Heating wire; 3.5: Cover plate; 3.6: Sealing gasket; 4: Liquid collection chamber; 5: Mounting block; 6: Through hole; 7: Nozzle; 8: Fixing post; 9: Top block; 10: Sealing plug. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0036] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0037] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, a suction device for intensive care unit includes: a suction device body 1, a control unit 2, and a sputum collection container 3; both the control unit 2 and the sputum collection container 3 are mounted on the top of the suction device body 1; the bottom of the sputum collection container 3 has an inwardly recessed notch, and a cover plate 3.5 is hinged to the notch, with a sealing gasket 3.6 provided at the cover plate 3.5 to seal the notch, and the sealing gasket 3.6 is made of rubber. The top of the sputum collection container 3 is connected to a container lid 3.1 by threads, and the container lid 3.1 has a sputum inlet 3.2 and an overflow prevention 3.3, with the overflow prevention 3.3 located near the control unit 2.

[0039] The bottom of the sputum collection container 3 has a sealed cavity around the notch, and a heating wire 3.4 is installed inside the sealed cavity; the suction device body 1 has a hollow liquid collection cavity 4, and a mounting block 5 is installed in the middle of the liquid collection cavity 4. The liquid collection cavity 4 includes a first cavity and a second cavity. The first cavity is used to temporarily store residual liquid, and a sealing plug 10 is installed at the bottom of the first cavity; the inner wall of the second cavity is slidably connected to the mounting block 5, and a gap is left between the bottom of the mounting block 5 and the second cavity. By adjusting the air pressure in the gap, the mounting block 5 can slide up and down.

[0040] The mounting block 5 is equipped with a nozzle 7 and a fixing post 8. The height of the fixing post 8 is the same as the depth of the notch. The fixing post 8 is right-angled, with one right-angled side of the fixing post 8 located above the nozzle 7. The top of the fixing post 8 is equipped with a top block 9, which is made of rubber or silicone. The liquid collection chamber 4 is equipped with multiple through holes 6 for collecting residual liquid in a ring. The liquid collection chamber 4 is also equipped with an electric heating element that cooperates with the heating wire 3.4.

[0041] Furthermore, the suction device body 1 has a built-in air pump 2.2 and an air cylinder 2.3. The input end of the air pump 2.2 is connected to the air cylinder 2.3, and the output end is connected to the nozzle 7. An electronic valve 2.4 is added to the connection section between the air pump 2.2 and the nozzle 7. The electronic valve 2.4 includes valve A, valve B, and valve C. Valve A is connected to the output end of the air pump 2.2, valve B is connected to the nozzle 7, and valve C is connected to the collection chamber 4. The mounting block 5 is slidably connected to the collection chamber 4. By controlling the closing of valve C, the height of the mounting block 5 in the collection chamber 4 can be adjusted.

[0042] The nozzle 7 is interconnected with the electronic valve 2.4, the liquid collection chamber 4 is interconnected with the electronic valve 2.4, the electronic valve 2.4 is interconnected with the output end of the air pump 2.2, and the air pump 2.2 is interconnected with the gas cylinder 2.3.

[0043] Furthermore, the nozzle 7 is connected to the electronic valve 2.4 via a first gas supply pipe 2.5, and the liquid collection chamber 4 is connected to the electronic valve 2.4 via a second gas supply pipe 2.6. Both the first gas supply pipe 2.5 and the second gas supply pipe 2.6 are flexible hoses.

[0044] The suction device body 1 also has an integrated circuit board 2.1 built inside. The integrated circuit board 2.1 integrates an adjustment system for adjusting the working parameters of the suction device, and also integrates a control system for controlling the closing status of the electronic valve 2.4.

[0045] The present invention provides a sputum suction device for intensive care units with two different operating modes: a real-time sputum clearance mode and a sputum collection mode. In the real-time sputum clearance mode, during suctioning, heating and air bubbles work together to break down the sputum in the collection container 3, thereby rapidly removing bacteria and preventing their spread. In the sputum collection mode, sputum is collected in the collection container 3 without further processing. After suctioning, medical staff can collect a sample of the sputum from the collection container 3 for medical testing. To clearly illustrate the operating modes of these two modes, the following two embodiments are provided.

[0046] Example 1: Real-time sputum clearance mode;

[0047] Prepare the suction device body 1, the sputum collection container 3, and connecting tubing, including the suction tube and the filter tube. Then, insert the sputum collection container 3 into the mounting slot of the suction device body 1 and pour in an appropriate amount of clean water. After closing the container lid 3.1, connect the suction tube, filter tube, and sputum inlet 3.2 and overflow prevention 3.3 in sequence. Finally, replenish oxygen to the gas cylinder 2.3 for later use.

[0048] The electronic valve 2.4 is remotely controlled via the control system to open valve C. Simultaneously, the air pump 2.2 is activated, drawing oxygen from the gas cylinder 2.3 and delivering it to the second cavity of the collection chamber 4. This increases the air pressure inside the second cavity compared to the external air pressure, thus lifting the mounting block 5. As the mounting block 5 slides upward, the top block 9 of the fixing column 8 abuts against the cover plate 3.5 until it opens, connecting the notch to the interior of the sputum collection container 3. The electronic valve 2.4 is then operated to close valve C and open valve B. The air pump 2.2 then delivers oxygen sequentially through valve B and nozzle 7 into the sputum collection container 3.

[0049] During the assembly of the sputum collection container 3, the electric heating element at the suction device body 1 is electrically connected to the heating wire. By remotely controlling the electric heating element, the temperature of the clean water in the sputum collection container 3 is raised to 37 degrees and maintained at this temperature until 3 minutes after the suctioning is completed.

[0050] Turn on the power switch and check whether the suction device body 1 is functioning properly, including whether the negative pressure has reached the set value (generally, the negative pressure for adult suction is 40.0-53.3 kPa, and for children it is less than 40.0 kPa).

[0051] Eliminate the negative pressure in the suction catheter, gently insert the catheter into the patient's mouth or nose, open the negative pressure, gently rotate it left and right and pull it upward to suction out the sputum. Each suctioning session should not exceed 15 seconds to avoid patient hypoxia.

[0052] In this embodiment, when the air pump introduces oxygen into the sputum collection container 3 through valve B and nozzle 7, the resulting air bubbles rise and burst in the water, creating a stirring effect. This stirring helps to thoroughly mix the sputum inhaled into the sputum collection container 3 with the water, thus diluting and dispersing the sputum.

[0053] The water in the sputum collection bucket 3 is heated to 37 degrees Celsius by an electric heating element and maintained at this temperature. The heating not only keeps the water at a suitable temperature, but also helps to accelerate the decomposition of components such as proteins and mucus in the sputum, making it easier to be diluted and purified by the water.

[0054] In this embodiment, it should be explained that oxygen and negative pressure suction are compatible. Oxygen enters the sputum collection container 3 in the form of bubbles through nozzle 7, creating a stirring effect and accelerating the decomposition of sputum; simultaneously, the negative pressure suction mechanism draws sputum from the patient into the sputum collection container 3, where it mixes with water for dilution and purification. This compatibility allows the real-time sputum removal mode to efficiently and safely process sputum, providing a higher-quality sputum treatment solution for clinical medicine.

[0055] This resulted in the following effect:

[0056] (1) The stirring effect of the bubbles and the heating effect of the water work together to dilute and purify the sputum in the sputum collection bucket 3. The diluted sputum is easier to purify, thereby reducing the residue and accumulation of sputum in the sputum collection bucket 3.

[0057] (2) Through the combined action of bubble agitation and heating, the sputum in the sputum collection bucket 3 is purified in a timely and effective manner, reducing the retention of sputum and bacterial growth, thereby helping to maintain the cleanliness of the sputum collection bucket 3 and reducing the risk of cross-infection.

[0058] (3) The real-time sputum removal mode effectively achieves the purpose of purifying sputum in the sputum collection bucket 3 through the combination of heating and bubbles. This mode promotes the dilution and decomposition of sputum through the agitation of bubbles and heating, improves the purification efficiency of sputum, reduces the viscosity of sputum and the residue in the sputum collection bucket 3, and improves the cleanliness of the sputum collection bucket 3, providing a more efficient and safe sputum treatment solution for clinical medical care.

[0059] Example 2: Sputum collection mode;

[0060] Unlike Embodiment 1, neither the air pump 2.2 nor the electric heating element is working, and the end of the fixing column 8 is inside the notch but does not abut against the cover plate 3.5.

[0061] During the procedure, the suctioned sputum is stored in the sputum collection container 3. After the suctioning is completed, the medical staff open the container lid 3.1 and take a sample of the sputum from the sputum collection container 3 for testing.

[0062] It is necessary to further explain here that the adjustment system is integrated on the integrated circuit board 2.1 of the suction device body 1. It is mainly responsible for adjusting the working parameters of the suction device, such as the negative pressure, heating temperature, and bubble generation frequency, so as to adapt to the needs of different patients and different working modes.

[0063] The main functions include: negative pressure adjustment, temperature adjustment, and bubble frequency adjustment. Among them, the negative pressure adjustment adjusts the negative pressure inside the suction catheter according to the patient's age, condition, and sputum viscosity to ensure that the suctioning process is both effective and safe.

[0064] In real-time sputum-clearing mode, the output power of the electric heating element is adjusted to precisely control the temperature of the clean water in the sputum collection container 3 at 37 degrees Celsius and keep it constant.

[0065] The bubble frequency adjustment is achieved by controlling the operating frequency of the air pump 2.2 and the opening time of valve B to adjust the frequency of bubble generation by nozzle 7, thereby optimizing the agitation and dilution effect of sputum.

[0066] Implementation: A microprocessor is used as the core control unit to receive user-input parameter settings and convert digital signals into analog signals through a digital-to-analog converter circuit to control the corresponding actuators (such as air pumps, electric heating elements, electronic valves, etc.); temperature sensors, pressure sensors, etc. are selected to monitor the working status of the suction device in real time to ensure that all parameters are within the set range; a human-machine interface, such as a touch screen or buttons, is designed to facilitate medical staff in setting and adjusting working parameters.

[0067] The control system is also integrated on the integrated circuit board 2.1, which is mainly responsible for controlling the opening and closing of the electronic valve 2.4 and the start and stop of the actuators such as the air pump 2.2 and the electric heating element, so as to realize different working modes of the suction device.

[0068] The main functions include mode switching, valve control, and actuator control. Among them, mode switching is achieved by receiving user input or preset programs to switch the working mode of the suction device (real-time sputum removal mode and sputum collection mode).

[0069] The valve control system controls the opening and closing of valves A, B, and C of electronic valve 2.4 according to the working mode and parameters, so as to achieve the switching and regulation of the air path.

[0070] The actuator controls the start, stop, and speed of the air pump 2.2, as well as the power supply and output power of the electric heating element, in order to cooperate with the valve control to realize the various functions of the suction device.

[0071] Implementation method: A microcontroller is used as the core control unit to receive user input or preset program instructions and drive actuators such as electronic valves, air pumps and electric heating elements through output control signals; safety protection mechanisms are set up, such as overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection and temperature over-limit protection, to ensure the safety and reliability of the suction device during operation; integrated communication interfaces such as USB, Bluetooth or Wi-Fi are set up to facilitate data exchange and remote monitoring with the hospital's information management system.

[0072] Taking the real-time sputum clearance mode as an example, this further illustrates the cooperative relationship between the regulation system and the control system:

[0073] S1. Receive the user's input command for real-time sputum clearing mode.

[0074] S2. Control the opening of valve C of electronic valve 2.4, and simultaneously start air pump 2.2 to deliver oxygen to the second cavity of liquid collection chamber 4, lifting the mounting block 5.

[0075] S3. When the top block 9 on the mounting block 5 abuts against the cover plate 3.5 and pushes the cover plate open, the control valve C closes and the valve B opens, allowing oxygen to enter the sputum collection bucket 3 through the nozzle 7 to generate bubbles. At the same time, the control electric heating element is energized to heat the water in the sputum collection bucket 3 to 37 degrees Celsius and maintain a constant temperature.

[0076] During suctioning, parameters such as negative pressure, temperature, and bubble frequency are monitored in real time to ensure the effectiveness and safety of the suctioning. After suctioning, the electric heating element continues to heat for 3 minutes, then all actuators are turned off, ending the real-time sputum removal mode.

[0077] Further explanation is needed here regarding the connection between the electric heating element and the heating wire, as well as the heating mechanism:

[0078] The electric heating element is fixedly installed in the liquid collection chamber 4 and connected to the heating wire 3.4 at the bottom of the sputum collection bucket 3 via a wire or flexible circuit board. The connection is waterproof and sealed to ensure that no short circuit is caused when cleaning the sputum collection bucket 3.

[0079] When the suction device is in real-time sputum-clearing mode, the control system receives the mode command and sends a heating signal to the electric heating element through the control unit on the integrated circuit board 2.1. After receiving the signal, the electric heating element converts electrical energy into heat energy and transfers it to the heating wire 3.4 through the wire.

[0080] The heating wire 3.4 is embedded in the sealed cavity at the bottom of the sputum collection bucket 3. When the current passes through, the heating wire generates heat and transfers the heat to the air in the sealed cavity and the bottom of the sputum collection bucket 3. Since the sputum collection bucket 3 is filled with clean water, the heat from the bottom heating causes the clean water to gradually heat up through heat conduction.

[0081] An integrated temperature sensor is mounted on integrated circuit board 2.1 to monitor the temperature of the water in the sputum collection container 3 in real time. When the temperature reaches the preset 37 degrees Celsius, the temperature sensor sends a signal to the control unit, which adjusts the output power of the electric heating element to maintain the water temperature at a constant 37 degrees Celsius. If the temperature exceeds the set range, the control unit will automatically shut off the electric heating element to prevent overheating.

[0082] The control system is equipped with an over-temperature protection mechanism. When the temperature exceeds the safety threshold, it will automatically cut off the power supply to the electric heating element to ensure equipment safety. In addition, it is also equipped with leakage protection and short-circuit protection to prevent electrical accidents during the heating process.

[0083] The mathematical expression for calculating the temperature of the heating element is as follows:

[0084]

[0085] In the formula, T represents the temperature after heating by the heating wire; T0 represents the target temperature value; I 2 R represents the current value; m represents the resistance value; m represents the mass of the heating wire; c p The value of t represents the specific heat capacity of the heating wire; t represents the heating time.

[0086] It should be further noted that the integrated circuit board 2.1 also integrates a pressure regulation system, specifically as follows:

[0087] The suctioning procedure and bubble purification are separated into two independent time periods by a preset program on the integrated circuit board.

[0088] Suctioning stage: The electronic valve closes the oxygen delivery path (valve B / C is closed), the air pump switches to negative pressure mode, and air is drawn from the sputum collection container 3 to establish negative pressure in the suction tube (40.0~53.3kPa).

[0089] Purification phase: When suctioning is paused, the electronic valve opens the oxygen passage (valve B opens), the air pump outputs oxygen to nozzle 7 in the forward direction, and the heating wire works at the same time.

[0090] A differential pressure sensor is installed inside the sputum collection container 3 to monitor the pressure inside the container in real time. When insufficient negative pressure is detected, the air pump is automatically triggered to compensate.

[0091] A dedicated negative pressure pump is added to the suction device body, physically isolated from the air pump 2.2. The negative pressure pump is directly connected to the sputum collection container 3 via the anti-overflow interface 3.3 to establish a continuous negative pressure environment. The air pump is dedicated to oxygen delivery, generating bubbles through the nozzle 7. A one-way check valve is installed at the anti-overflow interface 3.3 to prevent positive pressure oxygen from flowing back into the negative pressure pipeline.

[0092] The nozzle 7 is designed with a venturi tube structure at its outlet, utilizing the local negative pressure generated in the larynx by the high-speed oxygen flow. As the oxygen flows through the narrow larynx, its velocity increases, drawing the gas from the sputum collection container 3 into the mainstream through the lateral opening, creating a self-balancing effect.

[0093] The formula for the self-balancing effect is as follows: In the formula: v2 is the throat velocity, v1 is the inlet velocity, the pressure balance inside the tank is maintained by the velocity difference, and ρ is the mass density of the fluid, that is, the mass contained in a unit volume of fluid, the SI unit is kilogram per cubic meter.

[0094] The target pressure value is typically set to the ambient pressure during normal operation of the suction device and can be monitored in real time by a pressure sensor. During suctioning, the target pressure value may fluctuate slightly due to environmental changes and needs to be calibrated using a formula based on the self-balancing effect in the control system.

[0095] Furthermore, during the suctioning stage, the air pump pressure and the inlet flow rate together determine the laryngeal flow rate, which in turn affects the pressure difference. The heating wire temperature affects the gas temperature at nozzle 7, which in turn affects the gas flow characteristics and pressure distribution. The target pressure value is used as a reference to calibrate and monitor pressure changes during the operation of the suction device.

[0096] Example of pressure control system implementation:

[0097] Mode Activation: After selecting the real-time sputum clearance mode, the system will automatically execute:

[0098] The heating wire is preheated to 37℃ (PID algorithm temperature control, accuracy ±0.5℃); the negative pressure pump works continuously to maintain a reference pressure of -40kPa inside the sputum collection container 3.

[0099] Suctioning stage: Electronic valve 2.4 switches to negative pressure (valve C opens → A closes), air pump 2.2 pumps air to reduce the pressure inside the sputum collection container 3 to -53.3 kPa (adult mode), the suction catheter is inserted into the patient's airway, and the 15-second suctioning operation is completed.

[0100] Purification stage: The electronic valve switches to the oxygen passage (valve B opens → C closes), and the air pump delivers oxygen at a flow rate of 0.2L / min, generating microbubbles with a diameter of 50-100μm. As the bubble group rises, it generates shear force (τ=μ(du / dy)), which promotes the decomposition of sputum proteins.

[0101] When the pressure sensor detects that the internal pressure of the sputum collection container 3 is greater than -20 kPa, the air pump is automatically shut off and an alarm is triggered. Dual PT100 temperature sensors are used for cross-verification; power is immediately cut off if the temperature exceeds 40℃. The electronic valve (2.4) employs a mechanical interlock design, preventing simultaneous opening of positive and negative pressure pathways.

[0102] Through time-sharing control and physical isolation, the negative pressure fluctuation of the suction catheter is <±2kPa (measured data). Sputum viscosity is reduced to 35% of its initial value (37℃ heating + microbubble action), ensuring purification efficiency. The mode switching response time is <0.5 seconds, meeting the continuous operation requirements of the ICU, thereby improving the clinical applicability of the device.

[0103] This approach achieves a synergistic effect of real-time sputum purification and bacterial control while ensuring stable negative pressure, and complies with clinical infection control guidelines (refer to WS / T 509-2016 "Guidelines for Prevention and Control of Hospital Infections in Intensive Care Units").

[0104] Based on the preferred embodiments of the present invention described above, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A nursing suction device for intensive care unit, comprising: The device comprises a suction device body, a control unit, and a sputum collection container; the control unit and the sputum collection container are both mounted on the top of the suction device body; the sputum collection container has an inwardly recessed notch at its bottom, a cover plate hinged to the notch, and a sealing cavity around the notch at the bottom of the sputum collection container, within which a heating wire is disposed; the suction device body has a hollow liquid collection chamber, a mounting block in the middle of the liquid collection chamber, a nozzle and a fixing post at the mounting block, the fixing post being right-angled, one right-angled side of the fixing post being above the nozzle, and a top block at the top of the fixing post; the liquid collection chamber has a plurality of through holes arranged in a ring for collecting residual liquid; the liquid collection chamber also has an electric heating element that cooperates with the heating wire; The suction device body has a built-in air pump and air cylinder. The input end of the air pump is connected to the air cylinder, and the output end is connected to the nozzle. An electronic valve is added to the connection section between the air pump and the nozzle. The electronic valve includes valve A, valve B, and valve C. Valve A is connected to the output end of the air pump, valve B is connected to the nozzle, and valve C is connected to the collection chamber. The mounting block is slidably connected to the collection chamber. By controlling the closing of valve C, the height of the mounting block in the collection chamber can be adjusted. The liquid collection chamber includes a first cavity and a second cavity. The first cavity is used to temporarily store the residual liquid, and a sealing plug is provided at the bottom of the first cavity. The inner wall of the second cavity is slidably connected to the mounting block, and a gap is left between the bottom of the mounting block and the second cavity. The mounting block can slide up and down by adjusting the air pressure in the gap. The height of the fixing post is the same as the depth of the notch; The nozzle is connected to the electronic valve via a first gas supply pipe, and the liquid collection chamber is connected to the electronic valve via a second gas supply pipe. Both the first and second gas supply pipes are flexible hoses.

2. The sputum suction device for intensive care unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suction device also has an integrated circuit board built into its body. The integrated circuit board integrates an adjustment system for adjusting the working parameters of the suction device, and a control system for controlling the closing of the electronic valve.

3. The nursing suction device for intensive care unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing gasket is provided at the cover plate to seal the gap, and the sealing gasket is made of rubber.

4. The sputum suction device for intensive care unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle is interconnected with the electronic valve, the liquid collection chamber is interconnected with the electronic valve, the electronic valve is interconnected with the output end of the air pump, and the air pump is interconnected with the air cylinder.

5. The nursing suction device for intensive care unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the sputum collection bucket is connected to a bucket lid by threads. The bucket lid is provided with a sputum inlet and an overflow prevention interface. The overflow prevention interface is close to the control unit.

6. The nursing suction device for intensive care unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top block is made of rubber or silicone.

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