Large-size cast ingot demolding device for vacuum induction furnace and demolding method of large-size cast ingot demolding device

Abstract

The invention relates to a large-size cast ingot demolding device for a vacuum induction furnace and a demolding method of the large-size cast ingot demolding device, and belongs to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy. The demolding device comprises an ingot mold, a hoisting mechanism, a clamping mechanism and a supporting mechanism. The hoisting mechanism is located above the ingot mold, and the clamping mechanism is located on the side face of the ingot mold and used for clamping a cast ingot to keep the cast ingot in a vertical state; the supporting mechanism is connected with the clamping mechanism, and vertical and horizontal overturning of the clamping mechanism is achieved. The hoisting mechanism comprises a fixing disc and a driving assembly, the fixing disc is a circular ring, the driving assembly is located at the upper end of the fixing disc, and the driving assembly is connected with the fixing disc in a shaft hinge mode. The crown block drives the ingot mold to move from bottom to top through the hoisting mechanism, so that the cast ingot is separated from the ingot mold; and when the cast ingot leaves the ingot mold, the clamping mechanism clamps the cast ingot, so that the cast ingot is in a vertical state and does not topple over, and the problems of breaking and bending are prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of iron and steel metallurgy, and particularly to a large-sized ingot demoulding device for a vacuum induction furnace and a demoulding method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A vacuum induction furnace is a device that uses the principle of induction heating to heat and melt materials in a vacuum environment. It is widely used in the smelting, casting, and heat treatment processes of metal materials, and has the advantages of fast heating speed, good temperature uniformity, low energy consumption, and small environmental pollution. Conventional specifications are 3t, 6t, 12t, and the largest is 30t.

[0003] Generally, there are two methods for ingot demoulding: one is to lay the ingot mold horizontally and use a hydraulic mechanism to push the ingot out of the ingot mold. This method is suitable for small-sized ingots, such as those below 6 tons. As the weight increases, the pressure of the hydraulic mechanism also gradually increases. When the ingot is pushed out, the friction between the ingot and the ingot mold is relatively large, which will cause greater damage to the ingot mold and affect its service life. In addition, due to the high temperature of the ingot, it is difficult for personnel to operate, and it is easy to cause safety risks. Therefore, the ingot needs to be naturally cooled to room temperature before operation.

[0004] The other method is to use a crane to vertically lift the ingot mold. In this way, no large pressure is required, and the ingot relies on its own weight to fall out from the bottom of the ingot mold. At the moment when the ingot mold leaves the ingot, if the friction between the ingot and the ingot mold is relatively large, the ingot will be knocked down by the ingot mold. Since the ingot is no longer restricted by the ingot mold, the tipping direction cannot be controlled, and the ingot mold will also swing greatly. If the friction between the ingot and the ingot mold is relatively small and the ingot smoothly falls out of the ingot mold and stands upright, the staff may even operate the crane to hit the ingot illegally to make it fall. In either case, the tipping of the ingot is uncontrollable and unpredictable, posing a safety risk. Moreover, the ingot is large in size and heavy in weight, and it is very easy to break or bend after tipping, resulting in the ingot being unable to enter the next process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a large-sized ingot demoulding device for a vacuum induction furnace and a demoulding method thereof to solve the problem in the prior art that the ingot cannot be demoulded stably and safely.

[0006] On the one hand, the present invention provides a large-sized ingot demoulding device for a vacuum induction furnace, including an ingot mold, a hoisting mechanism, a clamping mechanism, and a supporting mechanism; the hoisting mechanism is located above the ingot mold, and the clamping mechanism is located on the side of the ingot mold for clamping the ingot to keep it in a vertical state; the supporting mechanism is connected to the clamping mechanism to realize the vertical and horizontal flipping of the clamping mechanism.

[0007] The lifting mechanism includes a fixed disk and a driving component. The fixed disk is a ring, and the driving component is located at the upper end of the fixed disk, and the connection mode between the driving component and the fixed disk is shaft hinge.

[0008] Further, the driving component includes a cross bar and a vertical bar. The cross bar is fixed on the upper surface of the fixed disk through a hinge shaft; one end of the cross bar is perpendicular to and fixedly connected with the vertical bar, and the end of the cross bar far away from the vertical bar is connected with the overhead crane through a lifting chain; the vertical bar is located inside the fixed disk and extends vertically downward.

[0009] Further, a lifting chain is fixedly connected below the fixed disk, and a hook is provided below the lifting chain. During use, it is connected with the lifting ring on the ingot mold through the lifting chain.

[0010] Further, the clamping mechanism includes a column, a clamping tong, a slider group, a driving rod, a driven rod and a connecting rod;

[0011] The column is a cuboid, and the height of the column is equal to or slightly less than the length of the ingot; a wedge-shaped groove is provided on one side of the column for the slider group to slide up and down.

[0012] Further, the slider group includes an outer slider and an inner slider, and the outer slider and the inner slider are connected through a fixing block; the outer slider and the inner slider are divided by a fixing plate, and a sliding groove for the fixing block to slide is provided on the fixing plate.

[0013] Further, a driven rod is fixedly connected to the end of the driving rod far away from the slider group. The driving rod and the driven rod are perpendicular to each other. Fixed columns are respectively arranged at both ends of the driven rod, and the fixed columns are located below the driven rod;

[0014] The fixed column is connected with a connecting rod, and an arc-shaped hook is provided on the connecting rod. The connection mode between the connecting rod and the fixed column is snap connection, and the arc-shaped hook on the connecting rod is snapped on the fixed column.

[0015] Further, a clamping tong is connected to the end of the connecting rod far away from the fixed column. The clamping tong is an arc-shaped protrusion, and the connection mode with the column is shaft hinge; the arc-shaped protrusion directions of the two clamping tongs are opposite, and the space formed by the two clamping tongs is equal to or slightly larger than the diameter of the ingot; a spring is arranged on the inner arc surface of the clamping tong, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the column or the wedge-shaped groove.

[0016] Even further, the temperature of the ingot is about 700 - 800 °C.

[0017] Even further, the cross-sectional axes of the ingot mold and the ingot are both trapezoidal, and the weight of the ingot is more than 3 tons.

[0018] On the other hand, the present invention provides a demoulding method for a large-sized ingot device for the vacuum induction furnace, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1: Pour the molten metal into the ingot mould, and after natural cooling to 700 - 800 °C, hoist it to the demoulding area;

[0020] S2: Install a hoisting mechanism, a clamping mechanism and a supporting mechanism on the ingot mould;

[0021] S3: Use the hoisting mechanism to separate the ingot mould and the ingot, transfer the ingot mould, then clamp and fix the ingot through the clamping mechanism, and finally rotate the vertically placed ingot into a horizontal state through the supporting mechanism;

[0022] S4: Transfer the ingot to the heat treatment furnace by the overhead crane for annealing.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The demoulding method of the present invention is to hoist the ingot mould by the overhead crane and achieve demoulding through the self-weight of the ingot. The overhead crane drives the ingot mould to move upward from the bottom through the hoisting mechanism to separate the ingot and the ingot mould; when the ingot leaves the ingot mould, the clamping mechanism clamps the ingot to keep the ingot in a vertical state without tipping over, preventing problems such as breakage and bending. When the ingot and the ingot mould are completely separated, the supporting mechanism drives the whole clamping mechanism to rotate from the vertical state to the horizontal state for subsequent annealing and other processes directly;

[0025] 2. The demoulding mechanism of the present invention mainly includes a clamping mechanism, a column, a clamping jaw, a slider group, a driving rod, a driven rod and a connecting rod. Through the connection of the above structures, on the one hand, it can clamp the ingot to prevent tipping in any direction; on the other hand, it can achieve automatic clamping without manual operation, with higher safety;

[0026] 3. The present invention is applicable to high-temperature demoulding, and annealing treatment can be directly carried out after demoulding without reheating from room temperature to the annealing temperature, which can save a large amount of heat energy and resources.

[0027] In the present invention, the above technical solutions can also be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combined solutions. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the subsequent specification, and some advantages can be made obvious from the specification or understood by implementing the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained through the content specifically pointed out in the specification and the drawings. Description of the Drawings

[0028] The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of showing specific embodiments and are not considered to be a limitation of the present invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference signs denote the same components.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an ingot mold structure;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the hoisting mechanism in the demoulding device;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism in the demoulding device;

[0032] Figure 4 is Figure 3 a sectional view of the clamping mechanism;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the support mechanism in the demoulding device;

[0034] Reference signs:

[0035] 1. Ingot mold; 11. Lifting lug; 12. Hoop; 13. Base; 2. Fixed plate; 3. Driving assembly; 31. Cross bar; 32. Vertical bar; 4. Column; 41. Holding tongs; 42. Slide block group; 421. Outer slide block; 422. Inner slide block; 423. Fixed plate; 43. Driving rod; 44. Driven rod; 45. Fixed column; 46. Connecting rod; 47. Spring; 5. Inclined hydraulic rod; 6. Horizontal hydraulic rod. Detailed embodiments

[0036] The following will specifically describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Among them, the accompanying drawings form a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the principle of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0037] A vacuum induction furnace is a device that uses the principle of induction heating to heat and melt materials in a vacuum environment. It is widely used in the smelting, casting, and heat treatment processes of metal materials, and has the advantages of fast heating speed, good temperature uniformity, low energy consumption, and small environmental pollution. Conventional specifications are 3t, 6t, 12t, and the maximum is 30t.

[0038] After smelting, the molten metal needs to be poured into an ingot mold (the height is generally 2 - 4m). Before the molten metal solidifies and forms but has not completely cooled, the ingot is removed from the ingot mold, and then annealing treatment is directly carried out.

[0039] There are generally two methods for ingot mold release: one is to lay the ingot mold flat in a horizontal state and use a hydraulic mechanism to push the ingot out of the ingot mold. This method is applicable to ingots of relatively small specifications and requires the ingot to be naturally cooled to room temperature before operation. If the weight is too large, there will be a large friction between the ingot and the ingot mold when the ingot is pushed out during demolding, which will cause greater damage to the ingot mold and affect its service life.

[0040] The other is to use a crane for vertical demolding, which is roughly divided into two methods. One is to fix the ingot mold and hoist the ingot. This method is applicable to ingots with an inverted trapezoidal cross-section, and this method requires a large clamping force to fix the ingot, which causes greater damage to the ingot. The other method is to vertically lift the ingot mold, and the ingot relies on its own weight to fall out from the bottom of the ingot mold. The ingot smoothly separates from the ingot mold, but the dumping direction cannot be controlled, and the ingot is in a red-hot state. After dumping, it is extremely easy to break or bend, resulting in the ingot being unable to enter the next process.

[0041] Therefore, the present invention provides a demolding device for large-sized ingots in a vacuum induction furnace, including an ingot mold 1 and an ingot in the ingot mold 1, a hoisting mechanism, a clamping mechanism, and a support mechanism; the hoisting mechanism is located above the ingot mold 1, and the clamping mechanism is located on the side of the ingot mold 1 for clamping the ingot to keep it in a vertical state; the support mechanism is connected to the clamping mechanism to realize the vertical and horizontal flipping of the clamping mechanism.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the demolding method of the demolding device provided by the present invention is to hoist the ingot mold 1 by a crane and realize demolding through the gravity of the ingot itself. The crane drives the ingot mold 1 to move upward from bottom to top through the hoisting mechanism, realizing the separation of the ingot and the ingot mold 1; when the ingot leaves the ingot mold 1, the clamping mechanism clamps the ingot, making the ingot in a vertical state without tipping, preventing problems such as breaking and bending. When the ingot and the ingot mold 1 are completely separated, the support mechanism drives the entire clamping mechanism to rotate from a vertical state to a horizontal state, directly performing subsequent processes such as annealing.

[0043] Specifically, the hoisting mechanism includes a fixed disk 2 and a driving component 3. The fixed disk 2 is a ring, and the driving component 3 is located at the upper end of the fixed disk 2, and the connection method between the driving component 3 and the fixed disk 2 is shaft hinged.

[0044] Specifically, the driving component 3 includes a cross bar 31 and a vertical bar 32. The cross bar 31 is fixed on the upper surface of the fixed disk 2 through a hinge shaft. One end of the cross bar 31 is perpendicular to and fixedly connected to the vertical bar 32, and the end of the cross bar 31 far from the vertical bar 32 is connected to the crane through a lifting chain. The vertical bar 32 is located inside the fixed disk 2 and extends vertically downward.

[0045] Specifically, a hoisting chain is fixedly connected below the fixed disk 2, and a hook is provided below the hoisting chain. During use, the hoisting chain is connected to the lifting ring 12 on the ingot mold 1.

[0046] It should be noted that the hoisting mechanism has two functions: on the one hand, the hoisting mechanism realizes the hoisting of the ingot mold 1 to ensure the smooth separation of the ingot and the ingot mold 1. On the other hand, since the ingot is in a high-temperature state inside the ingot mold 1, the outer peripheral surface of the ingot is tightly attached to the inner wall of the ingot mold 1, and it is impossible to achieve separation well only relying on the weight of the ingot. Therefore, during the hoisting process, an initial power is applied to the ingot by the driving component 3 to realize the separation of the ingot and the ingot mold 1, and then in the subsequent process, demolding can be completely achieved relying on the weight of the ingot.

[0047] The assembly process is as follows:

[0048] Pour the molten metal liquid into the ingot mold 1, and the ingot naturally solidifies and cools to 700 - 800 °C, then demold. Use the overhead crane to hoist the ingot mold 1 and the ingot together to the demolding area. At this time, place the hoisting mechanism above the ingot mold 1. First, connect the hoisting chain with a hook below to the lifting ring 12 on the ingot mold 1, and then connect the crossbar 31 to the overhead crane with another hoisting chain.

[0049] The movement process is as follows:

[0050] The overhead crane starts, driving the hoisting chain to move vertically upward, and then driving the end of the crossbar 31 connected to the hoisting chain to move upward. Through the action of the rotating shaft, the vertical rod 32 moves downward along the vertical direction, and the end of the vertical rod 32 away from the crossbar 31 abuts against the upper surface of the ingot. As the overhead crane continues to move, through the transmission of force, the driving component 3 applies an initial power to the ingot, causing the separation of the ingot and the ingot mold 1; as the overhead crane slowly moves upward, the hoisting mechanism drives the ingot mold 1 to move upward, and the ingot does not move with the ingot mold 1 relying on its own gravity, and finally the separation of the ingot mold 1 and the ingot is achieved.

[0051] Specifically, the number of the driving components 3 is more than 2, and they are evenly distributed along the axis of the fixed disk 2.

[0052] Preferably, the number of the driving components 3 is 4.

[0053] It should be noted that in the present invention, the number of the driving components 3 is more than 2 and is evenly distributed. On the one hand, it can share the pulling force to each hoisting chain, making it safer; on the other hand, the driving component 3 applies an initial power to the ingot, and the uniform distribution ensures that the ingot is evenly stressed and does not damage the outer surface of the ingot. Considering the actual production process, generally, the overhead crane has 4 hoisting chains, so the driving component 3 is preferably 4.

[0054] Specifically, a hoisting chain is connected to one end of the cross bar 31 away from the vertical bar 32, and the end of the hoisting chain away from the cross bar 31 is connected to the lifting lug 11 of the ingot mold 1.

[0055] It should be noted that in order to ensure the safety of the hoisting process and extend the service life of the hoisting mechanism, during the installation and use process, an additional hoisting chain needs to be connected to one end of the cross bar 31 away from the vertical bar 32, and the end of the hoisting chain away from the cross bar 31 is connected to the lifting lug 11 of the ingot mold 1.

[0056] During hoisting or at the initial stage of use, before the overhead crane drives the drive assembly 3 to apply power to the ingot, the hoisting chain between the lifting lug 11 and the cross bar 31 is in a slack state. As the overhead crane continues to move upward, at this time the drive assembly 3 applies power to the ingot, and the hoisting chain between the lifting lug 11 and the cross bar 31 is in a tensioned state or working state. During the subsequent movement process, the tension is mainly concentrated on the hoisting chain between the lifting lug 11 and the cross bar 31, rather than on the drive assembly 3.

[0057] Specifically, the size of the fixed disk 2 is the same as the size of the small end of the ingot mold 1.

[0058] It should be noted that in the present invention, in order to ensure stability and uniform force during the hoisting process, the size of the fixed disk 2 is set to be the same as the size of the small end of the ingot mold 1. The hoisting chain with a hook fixed below the fixed disk 2 corresponds to the lifting rings 12 on the ingot mold 1 one by one.

[0059] Specifically, the cross sections of the cross bar 31 and the vertical bar 32 can be quadrilateral or circular.

[0060] Specifically, the cross-sectional views passing through the axes of the ingot mold 1 and the ingot are both trapezoidal.

[0061] It should be noted that when high-temperature molten metal is poured into the ingot mold 1, due to natural cooling and solidification, the surface of the ingot is not smooth and is actually relatively rough. The cross-sectional view passing through the axis of the ingot mold 1 is designed to be trapezoidal (small at the upper end and large at the lower end). The main reason is to facilitate lifting the ingot mold 1 upward so that the ingot can be demolded more smoothly.

[0062] Specifically, lifting lugs 11 are fixedly connected to the outer peripheral surface of the ingot mold 1 and are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the ingot mold 1. The number of lifting lugs 11 is at least 2 and they are located at the upper end of the ingot mold 1.

[0063] Specifically, a lifting ring 12 is connected to the upper surface of the ingot mold 1.

[0064] It should be noted that in the present invention, the purpose of setting the lifting ring 12 is to quickly connect and disassemble with the hoisting mechanism. A hoisting chain with a hook is fixedly connected in the hoisting mechanism. During use, the hook is inserted into the lifting ring 12; when not in use, the hook is removed from the lifting ring 12, and the hoisting mechanism and the ingot mold 1 are separated.

[0065] The connection method between the lifting ring 12 and the ingot mold 1 can be various, such as fixed connection and detachable connection. When using fixed connection, the overall strength and safety are relatively high; when using detachable connection, such as threaded connection, it does not prevent the setting of a riser during the pouring process.

[0066] Specifically, a detachable base 13 is provided at the lower end of the ingot mold 1.

[0067] It should be noted that the base 13 prevents the leakage of molten metal before solidification during pouring; the molten metal will wash the base 13 during pouring, so the center of the base 13 is designed to be concave and filled with refractory bricks and other refractory materials. The detachable base 13 facilitates the replacement of damaged refractory bricks and refractory materials due to washing; since the diameter of the ingot mold 1 is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom, the base 13 needs to be removed to take out the ingot.

[0068] Specifically, when demolding, the temperature of the ingot is 700 - 800 °C. The weight of the ingot is more than 3 tons.

[0069] It should be noted that as the product becomes heavier, the required weight of the ingot also gradually increases, for example, more than 3 tons. Therefore, the existing horizontal demolding and vertical demolding are not applicable to the ingots of the present invention. In order to save energy, secondary heating and annealing are not adopted, so the ingot is demolded when it is cooled to 700 - 800 °C, and immediately transferred to a heating furnace for subsequent annealing treatment.

[0070] Preferably, the weight of the ingot is more than 6 tons.

[0071] Specifically, the clamping mechanism includes a column 4, a clamping tong 41, a slider group 42, a driving rod 43, a driven rod 44 and a connecting rod 46.

[0072] The column 4 is a cuboid, and the height of the column 4 is equal to or slightly less than the length of the ingot. A wedge-shaped groove is provided on one side of the column 4 for the slider group 42 to slide up and down.

[0073] The slider group 42 includes an outer slider 421 and an inner slider 422. Both the outer slider 421 and the inner slider 422 are right trapezoids, and the hypotenuses of the two are parallel to each other. The outer slider 421 is located on the outer surface of the column 4 and is higher than the outer surface of the column 4. The inner slider 422 is located inside the column 4. The outer slider 421 and the inner slider 422 are connected by a fixing block, and the number is greater than or equal to 1, and its cross-section is a quadrilateral or a circle.

[0074] The outer slider 421 and the inner slider 422 are separated by a fixing plate 423. The cross-section of the fixing plate 423 is a parallelogram, and a sliding groove for the fixing block to slide is formed on the fixing plate 423.

[0075] The driving rod 43 is connected to the column 4 by shaft hinge. A spring 47 is arranged between one end of the driving rod 43 close to the slider group 42 and the column 4. The spring 47 is located below the driving rod 43 to make the driving rod 43 in a horizontal state.

[0076] A driven rod 44 is fixedly connected to the end of the driving rod 43 far from the slider group 42. The driving rod 43 and the driven rod 44 are perpendicular to each other, and the length of the driven rod 44 is greater than the width of the column 4. Fixing columns 45 are respectively arranged at both ends of the driven rod 44, and the fixing columns 45 are located below the driven rod 44.

[0077] The fixing column 45 is connected with a connecting rod 46. The two connecting rods 46 are in a V-shaped structure. An arc-shaped hook is arranged on the connecting rod 46. The connecting rod 46 is connected to the fixing column 45 by snap connection. By snapping the arc-shaped hook on the connecting rod 46 onto the fixing column 45, on the one hand, the connecting rod 46 can be fixed on the driven rod 44; on the other hand, the detachment or disassembly of the connecting rod 46 can be better realized.

[0078] The fixing column is connected to the connecting rod 46 by snap connection. The fixing column is also in an arc-shaped hook structure, but the opening directions of the arc-shaped hooks on the fixing column 45 and the connecting rod 46 are opposite. Most importantly, the arc-shaped convex direction of the arc-shaped hook on the fixing column faces the connecting rod 46.

[0079] A holding clamp 41 is connected to the end of the connecting rod 46 far from the fixing column 45. The connecting rod 46 can be fixedly connected or shaft-hinged to the holding clamp 41, and preferably shaft-hinged. The holding clamp 41 is an arc-shaped convex, and is connected to the column 4 by shaft hinge. The arc-shaped convex directions of the two holding clamps 41 are opposite, and the space formed by the two holding clamps 41 is equal to or slightly larger than the diameter of the ingot.

[0080] A spring 47 is arranged on the inner arc surface of the holding clamp 41. The other end of the spring 47 is fixedly connected to the column 4 or the wedge-shaped groove. The setting position of the spring 47 should not prevent the holding clamp 41 from clamping the ingot.

[0081] It should be noted that the present invention provides a demoulding device, which fixes the ingot through the clamping mechanism to prevent the ingot from toppling instantaneously and directionlessly when detaching from the ingot mold 1, and thus can ensure that the ingot does not have problems of fracture and bending.

[0082] The operations before the demolding process are as follows:

[0083] Lift the ingot and the ingot mold 1 together to the demolding area. Stretch the clamping pliers 41 in the direction of mutual separation through the connecting rod 46, and then clamp it on the column 4 of the driven rod 44. At this time, the spring 47 connected between the clamping pliers 41 and the column 4 is in a stretched state.

[0084] The usage process is as follows:

[0085] Drive the ingot mold 1 to move upward from bottom to top through the hoisting mechanism, and the ingot gradually becomes exposed. During the continuous upward movement, the outer peripheral surface of the lower end of the ingot mold 1 touches the outer slider 421. At this time, the ingot mold 1 and the outer slider 421 move upward together. The moving direction of the ingot mold 1 is vertically upward, and the moving direction of the outer slider 421 is obliquely upward along the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped groove.

[0086] During the movement of the outer slider 421, drive the inner slider 422 to move along the sliding groove through the fixed block, in the same direction as the movement of the outer slider 421; after moving a certain distance, the inner slider 422 touches the driving rod 43, driving the driving rod 43 to rotate through the rotating shaft (shaft hinged). The end of the driving rod 43 close to the inner slider 422 moves upward, and the end of the driving rod 43 close to the driven rod 44 moves downward, thereby driving the driven rod 44 to deflect. The connecting rod 46 connected to the driven rod 44 is detached from the fixed column 45 under the pulling force of the clamping pliers 41. Since the spring 47 connected between the clamping pliers 41 and the column 4 is in a stretched state and has a resilience force, the ingot is clamped and fixed.

[0087] After clamping the ingot, at this time, the inner slider 422 and the outer slider 421 return to the initial position by their own weight, while the ingot mold 1 continues to move upward to the next clamping mechanism, repeating the above process. After the ingot is completely detached, the clamping mechanism completely clamps the entire ingot.

[0088] Specifically, the number of the clamping mechanisms is at least 2.

[0089] It should be noted that in the present invention, in order to better firmly clamp the ingot, the number of the clamping mechanisms is more than 2, preferably 3 or 4, and can also be increased or decreased according to the size of the ingot. When the number is 2, they are arranged at both ends of the column 4; when the number is more than 2, they are evenly distributed.

[0090] Specifically, the space formed by the clamping pliers 41 in the clamping mechanism decreases sequentially from bottom to top, and the space formed by the clamping pliers 41 is equal to or slightly larger than the diameter of the corresponding ingot.

[0091] It should be noted that since the cross-section of the ingot and the ingot mold 1 in the present invention is trapezoidal and the diameter of the ingot decreases successively from bottom to top, the size of the clamp can be set according to the position of the clamping mechanism corresponding to the diameter of the ingot, which can better clamp and fix the ingot.

[0092] Specifically, one end of the driving rod 43 away from the driven rod 44 is fixedly connected with a spring 47. The spring 47 is located below the driven rod 44 and connected to the column 4.

[0093] It should be noted that a spring 47 is arranged between the driving rod 43 and the column 4. Since the driving rod 43 and the column 4 are axially hinged and one end of the driving rod 43 is connected to the driven rod 44, it is impossible to maintain a good horizontal state. A spring 47 is fixedly connected to one end of the driving rod 43 away from the driven rod 44 to generate a pulling force on the driving rod 43.

[0094] In a possible implementation, a horizontal fixing platform is fixedly connected to the lower end of the column 4.

[0095] It should be noted that when the space formed between the clamps is larger than the diameter of the ingot, when turning from the vertical state to the horizontal state, there is a risk that the ingot will break away from the lower part. Therefore, a horizontal fixing platform is fixedly connected to the lower end of the column 4, and the lower end of the ingot abuts against the surface of the fixing platform.

[0096] Specifically, the supporting mechanism is composed of two hydraulic rods, a horizontal hydraulic rod 6 and an inclined hydraulic rod 5. One end of the inclined hydraulic rod 5 is connected to the column 4, and the other end of the inclined hydraulic rod 5 is connected to the inclined hydraulic rod 5. Their connection methods are all axial hinges, and the other end of the inclined hydraulic rod 5 is fixedly connected.

[0097] It should be noted that the clamping mechanism of the present invention is to realize the rotation of the ingot or the clamping mechanism, which can be adjusted from the horizontal state to the vertical state, or from the vertical state to the horizontal state. In addition to adopting the supporting mechanism provided by the present invention, other existing flipping mechanisms can also be adopted as long as the horizontal and vertical switching can be realized.

[0098] In the present invention, the connection mode between the column 4 and the ground is axial hinge.

[0099] The present invention also provides a demoulding method for large-sized ingots used in a vacuum induction furnace, including the following steps:

[0100] S1: Pour the molten metal into the ingot mold 1, and after natural cooling to 700 - 800 °C, hoist it to the demoulding area;

[0101] S2: Install a hoisting mechanism, a clamping mechanism and a supporting mechanism on the ingot mold 1;

[0102] S3: Use the hoisting mechanism to separate the ingot mold 1 from the ingot, transfer the ingot mold 1, then clamp and fix the ingot through the clamping mechanism, and finally rotate the vertically placed ingot into a horizontal state through the support mechanism;

[0103] S4: Transfer the ingot to the heat treatment furnace by the overhead crane for annealing.

[0104] To describe the present invention more clearly, it is further illustrated by the following examples and comparative examples.

[0105] Example 1

[0106] The present invention provides a large-size ingot demoulding device for a vacuum induction furnace. Referring to Figures 1-5 , it includes an ingot mold 1 and an ingot in the ingot mold 1, a hoisting mechanism, a clamping mechanism and a support mechanism; the hoisting mechanism is located above the ingot mold 1, and the clamping mechanism is located on the side of the ingot mold 1 for clamping the ingot to keep it in a vertical state; the support mechanism is connected to the clamping mechanism to realize the vertical and horizontal flipping of the clamping mechanism.

[0107] Referring to Figure 1 , the cross-sectional axes of the ingot mold 1 and the ingot are both trapezoidal. On the outer peripheral surface of the ingot mold 1, lifting lugs 11 are fixedly connected and evenly distributed along the axial direction of the ingot mold 1. The number of lifting lugs 11 is 4 and they are located at the upper end of the ingot mold 1; a detachable base 13 is provided at the lower end of the ingot mold 1, and a lifting ring 12 is connected to the upper surface of the ingot mold 1.

[0108] Referring to Figure 2 , the hoisting mechanism includes a fixed disk 2 and a driving component 3. The number of driving components 3 is 4 and they are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the fixed disk 2. The fixed disk 2 is a ring with the same specifications as the upper end of the ingot mold 1. The driving component 3 is located at the upper end of the fixed disk 2, and the connection method between the driving component 3 and the fixed disk 2 is shaft hinge. A lifting chain is fixedly connected below the fixed disk 2, and a hook is provided at the lower end of the lifting chain. During use, it is connected to the lifting ring 12 on the ingot mold 1 through the lifting chain.

[0109] Referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the clamping mechanism includes a column 4, a clamping pliers 41, a slider group 42, a driving rod 43, a driven rod 44 and a connecting rod 46.

[0110] The column 4 is a cuboid, and the height of the column 4 is equal to or slightly less than the length of the ingot. A wedge-shaped groove is provided on one side of the column 4 for the slider group 42 to slide up and down.

[0111] The slider group 42 includes an outer slider 421 and an inner slider 422. Both the outer slider 421 and the inner slider 422 are right trapezoids, and the hypotenuses of the two are parallel to each other. The outer slider 421 is located on the outer surface of the column 4 and is higher than the outer surface of the column 4. The inner slider 422 is located inside the column 4. The outer slider 421 and the inner slider 422 are connected by fixing blocks, and the number is 2, and their cross-sections are quadrilaterals.

[0112] Between the outer slider 421 and the inner slider 422, it is divided by a fixing plate 423. The cross-section of the fixing plate 423 is a parallelogram, and a sliding groove for the fixing block to slide is opened on the fixing plate 423. The connection mode of the driving rod 43 and the column 4 is shaft hinge connection. A spring 47 is arranged between one end of the driving rod 43 close to the slider group 42 and the column 4. The spring 47 is located below the driving rod 43 to make the driving rod 43 in a horizontal state.

[0113] A driven rod 44 is fixedly connected to one end of the driving rod 43 far from the slider group 42. The driving rod 43 and the driven rod 44 are perpendicular to each other, and the length of the driven rod 44 is greater than the width of the column 4. Fixing columns 45 are respectively arranged at both ends of the driven rod 44, and the fixing columns 45 are located below the driven rod 44.

[0114] The fixing column 45 is connected with a connecting rod 46. The two connecting rods 46 are in a V-shaped structure. An arc-shaped hook is arranged on the connecting rod 46. The connection mode of the connecting rod 46 and the fixing column 45 is snap connection, and the arc-shaped hook on the connecting rod 46 is snapped on the fixing column 45.

[0115] A clamping pliers 41 is connected to one end of the connecting rod 46 far from the fixing column 45. The connection mode of the connecting rod 46 and the clamping pliers 41 is fixed connection. The clamping pliers 41 is an arc-shaped protrusion, and its connection mode with the column 4 is shaft hinge connection. The arc-shaped protrusion directions of the two clamping pliers 41 are opposite, and the space formed by the two clamping pliers 41 is greater than the diameter of the ingot. A spring 47 is arranged on the inner arc surface of the clamping pliers 41, and the other end of the spring 47 is fixedly connected to the column 4 or the wedge-shaped groove. The setting position of the spring 47 should not prevent the clamping pliers 41 from clamping the ingot.

[0116] Referring to Figure 5 , the support mechanism consists of two hydraulic rods, one horizontal hydraulic rod 6 and one inclined hydraulic rod 5.

[0117] The assembly process is as follows:

[0118] Pour the melted metal liquid into the ingot mold 1. The ingot naturally solidifies and cools to 700 - 800 °C, then demoulding is carried out. The ingot mold 1 and the ingot are hoisted together to the demoulding area by a crane. At this time, place the hoisting mechanism above the ingot mold 1. First, connect the lifting chain with a hook at the lower part to the lifting ring 12 of the ingot mold 1, and then connect the cross bar 31 to the crane with another lifting chain. Stretch the clamping pliers 41 in the direction of mutual separation through the connecting rod 46, and then clamp it on the column 4 of the driven rod 44. At this time, the spring 47 connected between the clamping pliers 41 and the column 4 is in a stretched state.

[0119] The movement process is as follows:

[0120] The crane starts and drives the lifting chain to move vertically upward, and then drives the end of the cross bar 31 connected to the lifting chain to move upward. Through the action of the rotating shaft, the vertical rod 32 moves downward along the vertical direction, and the end of the vertical rod 32 far from the cross bar 31 abuts against the upper surface of the ingot. As the crane continues to move, through the transmission of force, the driving assembly 3 exerts an initial power on the ingot, causing the separation of the ingot and the ingot mold 1. As the crane slowly moves upward, the hoisting mechanism drives the ingot mold 1 to move upward, and the ingot does not move with the ingot mold 1 due to its own gravity.

[0121] Drive the ingot mold 1 to move upward from bottom to top through the hoisting mechanism, and the ingot is gradually exposed. During the continuous upward movement, the outer peripheral surface of the lower end of the ingot mold 1 touches the outer slider 421. At this time, the ingot mold 1 and the outer slider 421 move upward together. The moving direction of the ingot mold 1 is vertically upward, and the moving direction of the outer slider 421 is obliquely upward along the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped groove.

[0122] During the movement of the outer slider 421, drive the inner slider 422 to move along the sliding groove through the fixed block, in the same direction as the movement of the outer slider 421. After moving a certain distance, the inner slider 422 touches the driving rod 43, driving the driving rod 43 to rotate through the rotating shaft (shaft hinged). The end of the driving rod 43 close to the inner slider 422 moves upward, and the end of the driving rod 43 close to the driven rod 44 moves downward, thereby driving the driven rod 44 to deflect, and the connecting rod 46 connected to the driven rod 44 disengages from the fixed column 45. Since the spring 47 connected between the clamping pliers 41 and the column 4 is in a stretched state and has a resilience force, it clamps and fixes the ingot.

[0123] After clamping the ingot, at this time, the inner slider 422 and the outer slider 421 return to the initial position by their own weight, while the ingot mold 1 continues to move upward to the next clamping mechanism, repeating the above process. After the ingot is completely separated, the clamping mechanism completely clamps the entire ingot.

[0124] Then, by the contraction of the horizontal hydraulic rod 6 and the inclined hydraulic rod 5, the rotation of the ingot or the clamping mechanism is realized, and it is adjusted from the vertical state to the horizontal state. Finally, the ingot is transferred to the heat treatment furnace by the overhead crane for annealing.

[0125] Embodiment 2

[0126] One end of the cross bar 31 away from the vertical bar 32 is connected with a lifting chain (an existing structure, not shown in the figure), and one end of the lifting chain away from the cross bar 31 is connected to the lifting lug 11 of the ingot mold 1.

[0127] During the initial stage of hoisting or use, before the overhead crane drives the drive assembly 3 to apply power to the ingot, the lifting chain between the lifting lug 11 and the cross bar 31 is in a slack state. As the overhead crane continues to move upward, at this time the drive assembly 3 applies power to the ingot, and the lifting chain between the lifting lug 11 and the cross bar 31 is in a tension state or a working state. During the subsequent movement process, the tension is mainly concentrated on the lifting chain between the lifting lug 11 and the cross bar 31, rather than on the drive assembly 3.

[0128] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large-size ingot demoulding device for a vacuum induction furnace, characterized in that: It comprises an ingot mold (1), a hoisting mechanism, a clamping mechanism and a supporting mechanism; the hoisting mechanism is located above the ingot mold (1), the clamping mechanism is located on the side of the ingot mold (1) and is used to clamp the ingot and keep it in a vertical state; the supporting mechanism is connected to the clamping mechanism to achieve vertical and horizontal flipping of the clamping mechanism; The hoisting mechanism comprises a fixed plate (2) and a driving assembly (3); the fixed plate (2) is a circular ring; the driving assembly (3) is located at the upper end of the fixed plate (2); and the driving assembly (3) and the fixed plate (2) are connected in an axial hinge manner.

2. The large-size ingot demoulding device for a vacuum induction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly (3) comprises a cross bar (31) and a vertical bar (32); the cross bar (31) is fixed to the upper surface of the fixed plate (2) via a hinge shaft; one end of the cross bar (31) is perpendicular to and fixedly connected to the vertical bar (32); one end of the cross bar (31) away from the vertical bar (32) is connected to the overhead travelling crane via a lifting chain; the vertical bar (32) is located inside the fixed plate (2) and extends vertically downward.

3. The large-size ingot demoulding device for a vacuum induction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lifting chain is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed plate (2), and a hook is provided at the bottom of the lifting chain. When in use, the lifting chain is connected to a lifting ring (12) on the ingot mold (1).

4. The large-size ingot demoulding device for a vacuum induction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism comprises a column (4), a clamp (41), a slider group (42), a driving rod (43), a driven rod (44) and a connecting rod (46); The column (4) is a rectangular parallelepiped, and the height of the column (4) is equal to or slightly less than the length of the ingot; a wedge-shaped groove is provided on one side of the column (4) for the slider group (42) to slide up and down.

5. The large-size ingot demoulding device for a vacuum induction furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The slider group (42) comprises an outer slider (421) and an inner slider (422), wherein the outer slider (421) and the inner slider (422) are connected via a fixing block; the outer slider (421) and the inner slider (422) are divided by a fixing plate (423), and a sliding groove for the fixing block to slide is provided on the fixing plate (423).

6. The large-size ingot demoulding device for a vacuum induction furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: A driven rod (44) is fixedly connected to one end of the driving rod (43) away from the slider group (42), the driving rod (43) and the driven rod (44) are perpendicular to each other, and fixing columns (45) are respectively arranged at both ends of the driven rod (44), and the fixing columns (45) are located below the driven rod (44); The fixing column (45) is connected to a connecting rod (46), and an arc-shaped hook is arranged on the connecting rod (46). The connecting rod (46) and the fixing column (45) are connected in a clamping manner, and the arc-shaped hook on the connecting rod (46) is clamped on the fixing column (45).

7. The large-size ingot demoulding device for a vacuum induction furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: A clamp (41) is connected to one end of the connecting rod (46) away from the fixed column (45); the clamp (41) is an arc-shaped protrusion and is connected to the column (4) in an axial hinge manner; the arc-shaped protrusions of the two clamps (41) are in opposite directions, and the space formed by the two clamps (41) is equal to or slightly larger than the diameter of the ingot; a spring (47) is arranged on the inner arc surface of the clamp (41), and the other end of the spring (47) is fixedly connected to the column (4) or the wedge-shaped groove.

8. The large-size ingot demoulding device for a vacuum induction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ingot temperature is about 700-800°C.

9. The large-size ingot demoulding device for a vacuum induction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-axial cross-sections of the ingot mold (1) and the ingot are both trapezoidal, and the weight of the ingot is more than 3 tons.

10. A demoulding method using the large-size ingot casting device for a vacuum induction furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: pouring the molten metal into the ingot mold (1), naturally cooling it to 700-800°C and then hoisting it to the demoulding area; S2: installing a lifting mechanism, a clamping mechanism and a supporting mechanism on the ingot mold (1); S3: using a lifting mechanism to separate the ingot mold (1) from the ingot, and transferring the ingot mold (1), and then clamping and fixing the ingot by a clamping mechanism, and finally rotating the vertical ingot into a horizontal state by a supporting mechanism; S4: The ingot is transferred to a heat treatment furnace for annealing by a crane.

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