Ultra-precise single-point diamond lathe with liquid floating guide rail

Abstract

The invention discloses a liquid floating guide rail ultra-precision single-point diamond lathe, and relates to the technical field of ultra-precision machine tools, the liquid floating guide rail ultra-precision single-point diamond lathe comprises a base, the outer wall of the base is sleeved with a machining box, the upper end of the base is symmetrically provided with a plurality of pneumatic supports, the upper ends of the pneumatic supports are fixedly provided with a lathe body, and the upper end of the lathe body is fixedly provided with a guide rail; a slide carriage is slidably mounted at the upper end of the guide rail, a side guide rail is fixedly mounted at the side end, close to the guide rail, of the slide carriage, an air static pressure spindle is fixedly mounted at the upper end of the slide carriage, a slide plate is slidably mounted at the upper end, close to the slide carriage, of the guide rail, and a tool rest mechanism capable of adjusting the center height and angle according to different tools is fixedly mounted at the upper end of the slide plate. The air is exhausted through the graphite sleeve and the graphite end cover in the air static pressure main shaft, the driving shaft is in a suspended state in the graphite sleeve by utilizing the air permeability of the graphite sleeve when the air passes through the graphite sleeve, the thickness of an air film in an air bearing is not changed, and parts machined by a lathe are more precise.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ultra-precision machine tools, and particularly to a liquid-floating guideway ultra-precision single-point diamond lathe. Background Technique

[0002] The single-point diamond lathe (Nanoform 700 Freeform) is produced by the well-known American precision machine tool manufacturer Precitech Company and can complete the processing of complex and precise optical surfaces. A wide variety of materials can be processed, including but not limited to pure aluminum, aluminum beryllium, bronze, brass, beryllium copper, nickel copper, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), germanium, selenium sulfide, zinc selenide, and chalcogenide glass, etc.

[0003] After retrieval, it is found that the prior art publication number is CN220719882U, which discloses a lathe for efficient single-point diamond processing, including a base. A pneumatic slide rail is fixedly installed on the top of the base. A cross slide is slidably connected to the top of the pneumatic slide rail. A cavity is opened inside the cross slide. A plurality of first springs are fixedly installed inside the cavity. The bottoms of the plurality of first springs are fixedly installed with the same pressing plate. An air pump is fixedly installed on the top of the cross slide. An adsorption mechanism is fixedly installed on the right side of the air pump. Through a plurality of second springs and adsorption pads, the invention can convert the line contact of the outer side of the workpiece with the adsorption area of the adsorption mechanism into surface contact, increasing the adsorption area between the workpiece and the adsorption area and preventing the workpiece from deforming due to excessive adsorption force of the air pump.

[0004] During the precision processing of the liquid-floating guideway ultra-precision single-point diamond lathe, the thickness and pressure of the air film in the air bearing will also change, resulting in fluctuations in the stiffness of the bearing. This change in stiffness will affect the accuracy and stability of the equipment. Therefore, based on the above retrieval and combined with the existing problems, a liquid-floating guideway ultra-precision single-point diamond lathe is provided. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a liquid-floating guideway ultra-precision single-point diamond lathe to solve the problems raised in the above background technique.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A liquid-floated guideway ultra-precision single-point diamond lathe, comprising a base, an outer wall of the base is sleeved with a processing box, a gas-electric box for providing kinetic energy for moving parts in the lathe and control current for an operating table is placed at the rear end of the processing box, a plurality of pneumatic supports are symmetrically installed at the upper end of the base, a bed body is fixedly installed at the upper end of the pneumatic supports, a pneumatic floating pad iron is fixedly installed at the lower end of the bed body close to the pneumatic supports, a guideway is fixedly installed at the upper end of the bed body, a cross slide is slidably installed at the upper end of the guideway, a side guideway is fixedly installed at a side end of the cross slide close to the guideway, an air static pressure spindle is fixedly installed at the upper end of the cross slide, a slide plate is slidably installed at the upper end of the guideway close to the cross slide, and a tool rest mechanism capable of making center height and angle adjustments according to different tools is fixedly installed at the upper end of the slide plate.

[0008] Further, a hydraulic valve block is fixedly installed at one end of the cross slide close to the guideway, an oil supply pipe is fixedly installed at an input end of the hydraulic valve block, and the oil supply pipe is laid inside the cross slide, and an end of the oil supply pipe away from the hydraulic valve block is fixedly installed at an output end of a hydraulic component of the gas-electric box.

[0009] Further, the air static pressure spindle includes a spindle sleeve, and the spindle sleeve is fixedly installed at the upper end of the cross slide, a motor sleeve is fixedly installed at a side end of the spindle sleeve, and a rear end cover is fixedly installed at an end of the motor sleeve away from the spindle sleeve.

[0010] Further, a front end cover is fixed with a nut at an end of the spindle sleeve away from the motor sleeve, a graphite end cover is fixedly installed on an inner wall of the front end cover, a driving shaft is rotatably installed on an inner wall of the graphite end cover, an internal motor is fixedly sleeved on an outer wall of the driving shaft close to the motor sleeve, and the internal motor is rotatably installed at one end of the rear end cover, and a graphite sleeve is arranged between the driving shaft and the spindle sleeve.

[0011] Further, a chuck seat is fixedly installed at an end of the driving shaft close to the front end cover, a vacuum chuck is fixedly installed at an end of the chuck seat away from the spindle, a plurality of air suction holes are formed at an end of the vacuum chuck away from the chuck seat, through holes matching the air suction holes are arranged at centers of the spindle and the chuck seat, a vacuum converter is rotatably connected to an end of the driving shaft away from the chuck seat, and the vacuum converter is fixedly installed inside the rear end cover.

[0012] Further, the tool rest mechanism includes a tool rest base, and the tool rest base is fixedly installed at the upper end of the slide plate. A tool rest column is fixedly installed at the upper end of the tool rest base. A pressing plate is placed at the upper end of the tool rest column. A plurality of fine adjustment studs are threadedly installed at the upper end of the pressing plate, and the end of the fine adjustment stud away from the pressing plate is threadedly installed at the upper end of the tool rest column. A fine adjustment slide plate is slidably installed at the side end of the tool rest column. An adjustment bolt is threadedly installed at the side end of the tool rest column. One end of the adjustment bolt close to the tool rest column is rotatably connected to a coarse adjustment slide plate, and the coarse adjustment slide plate is slidably installed on the inner wall of the tool rest column. A cutting tool is placed at the upper end of the coarse adjustment slide plate, and a pressing blade is placed on the cutting tool.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0014] 1. In the processing process of the present invention, the vacuum converter enables the inhaled gas to be discharged through the graphite sleeve and the graphite end cover. Utilizing the air permeability of the graphite sleeve, when the gas passes through the graphite sleeve, there is an air layer between the graphite sleeve and the main shaft, enabling the main shaft to be in a suspended state within the graphite sleeve. During rotation, the main shaft has no contact and no friction, and at the same time, the air film thickness in the air bearing does not change, thereby avoiding the influence of the air pressure change in the main shaft on the accuracy and stability of the workpiece to be processed, making the lathe machining of parts more precise;

[0015] 2. The present invention fixes the suction workpiece on the vacuum chuck through vacuum adsorption, making the installation of the workpiece more convenient and not limited to the clamping method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the pneumatic support structure in the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the slide plate structure in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 is a side view of the slide plate in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the aerostatic spindle in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the tool rest structure in the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1. Base; 101. Operating table; 102. Processing box; 103. Pneumatic and electrical box; 104. Protective cover; 105. Pneumatic support;

[0023] 106. Bed body; 107. Air floating pad iron; 108. Guide rail; 109. Saddle; 110. Side guide rail; 111. Slide plate;

[0024] 112. Hydraulic valve block; 113. Oil supply pipe;

[0025] 2. Aerostatic spindle; 201. Spindle sleeve; 202. Motor sleeve; 203. Rear end cover; 204. Built-in motor; 205. Angle encoder;

[0026] 206. Front end cover; 207. Graphite end cover; 208. Driving shaft; 209. Graphite sleeve;

[0027] 210. Suction cup seat; 211. Vacuum suction cup; 212. Suction hole; 213. Dust-proof net; 214. Vacuum converter;

[0028] 3. Tool rest mechanism; 301. Tool rest base; 302. Tool rest column; 303. Pressure plate; 304. Fine adjustment stud; 305. Adjusting bolt; 306. Coarse adjustment slide plate; 307. Cutting tool; 308. Blade pressing plate; 309. Fine adjustment slide plate. Detailed implementation mode

[0029] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4, A liquid floating guide rail 108 ultra-precision single-point diamond lathe, including a base 1. The front end of the base 1 is connected to an operating console 101 through a data control line. The above-mentioned operating console 101 is a traveling computer that controls the operation of the cutting program of the lathe. By inputting the cutting program into the operating console 101, the aerostatic spindle 2 starts to work and cuts the material according to the cutting program. The outer wall of the base 1 is sleeved with a processing box 102. At the rear end of the processing box 102, there is placed an air-electric box 103 that provides kinetic energy for the moving parts in the lathe and control current for the operating console 101. The above-mentioned air-electric box 103 is divided into two independent parts. One part installs electrical components such as electrical elements, system controllers, and axis drivers. The other part installs components such as pneumatic and hydraulic components, an aerostatic processing system, an aerostatic pressure stabilizing processing system, and a spindle motor water cooling system. A protective cover 104 is slidably arranged at the upper end of the processing box 102. The protective cover 104 isolates the processing area from the operating area where the staff stands, playing a protective role. A plurality of pneumatic brackets 105 are symmetrically installed at the upper end of the base 1. The above-mentioned pneumatic brackets 105 are set as pneumatic telescopic rods in the prior art, and pneumatic telescopic rods are usually used for shock absorption and buffering. The upper end of the pneumatic bracket 105 is fixedly installed with a bed body 106. The above-mentioned bed body 106 is set as a marble bed body. The marble bed body has high stability, corrosion resistance, high hardness and large density of the marble material itself. After precision processing, the flatness, straightness and other indexes of its surface can reach very high precision, providing a stable and accurate working platform for the lathe. A liquid floating pad iron 107 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the bed body 106 close to the pneumatic bracket 105. The fixed side of the liquid floating pad iron 107 is installed on the bed body 106 bracket. The liquid floating pad iron 107 is fixed to the marble bed body. The marble bed body can be floated by four liquid floating pad irons 107. The marble bed body can isolate vibrations from the outside in six free dimensions through the six-free-dimension liquid floating pad irons 107, thus laying a solid foundation for the stable basic precision of the machine tool. A guide rail 108 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the bed body 106. A cross slide 109 is slidably installed at the upper end of the guide rail 108. A side guide rail 110 is fixedly installed at the side end of the cross slide 109 close to the guide rail 108. An aerostatic spindle 2 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the cross slide 109. A slide plate 111 is slidably installed at the upper end of the guide rail 108 close to the cross slide 109. A tool post mechanism 3 that can adjust the center height and angle according to different tools is fixedly installed at the upper end of the slide plate 111.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4, one end of the carriage 109 close to the guide rail 108 is fixedly installed with a hydraulic valve block 112. A small orifice restrictor is arranged inside the hydraulic valve block 112. The small orifice restrictor is not shown in the figure and is a prior art, so no more details will be given here. After the liquid passes through the small orifice restrictor, it can be evenly discharged from the holes provided on the hydraulic valve block 112. The input end of the hydraulic valve block 112 is fixedly installed with an oil supply pipe 113, and the oil supply pipe 113 is laid inside the carriage 109. One end of the oil supply pipe 113 far from the hydraulic valve block 112 is fixedly installed at the output end of the hydraulic components of the pneumatic and electrical box 103. The anti-wear hydraulic oil is filtered and pressurized through the filtering device in the hydraulic components and then transmitted to the hydraulic valve block 112 through the oil supply pipe 113. The hydraulic oil passes through the small orifice restrictor inside the hydraulic valve block 112 and is supplied to the guide rail 108 and the side guide rail 110 to form a high-pressure liquid film, ensuring that the carriage 109 and the guide rail 108 are in a liquid hydrostatic state, so as to achieve frictionless movement. The application of this liquid hydrostatic technology helps to maintain the high-precision machining ability of the machine tool.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 5 , the aerostatic spindle 2 includes a spindle sleeve 201, and the spindle sleeve 201 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the carriage 109. A motor sleeve 202 is fixedly installed at the side end of the spindle sleeve 201. Both the spindle sleeve 201 and the motor sleeve 202 are internally provided with water-cooling grooves to ensure that the temperature of the aerostatic spindle 2 remains stable during high-speed operation or long-term work. One end of the motor sleeve 202 far from the spindle sleeve 201 is fixedly installed with a rear end cover 203. An angle encoder 205 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the rear end cover 203 close to the motor sleeve 202. The above angle encoder 205 is a prior art, so no more details will be given here.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 5 , one end of the spindle sleeve 201 far from the motor sleeve 202 is fixed with a front end cover 206 by a nut. Sealing gaskets are arranged at the joints of the spindle sleeve 201, the motor sleeve 202, the front end cover 206 and the rear end cover 203, so as to keep the spindle sleeve 201, the motor sleeve 202 and the rear end cover 203 sealed. A graphite end cover 207 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the front end cover 206. A driving shaft 208 is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the graphite end cover 207. An internal motor 204 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the driving shaft 208 close to the motor sleeve 202, and the internal motor 204 is rotatably installed at one end of the rear end cover 203. One end of the driving shaft 208 far from the front end cover 206 is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the angle encoder 205. The angle of the driving shaft 208 is finely adjusted through the angle encoder 205 to make the parts processed by the lathe more precise. A graphite sleeve 209 is installed between the driving shaft 208 and the spindle sleeve 201. Both the graphite end cover 207 and the graphite sleeve 209 have good air permeability and smoothness.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5 , one end of the driving shaft 208 close to the front end cover 206 is fixedly installed with a suction cup seat 210. One end of the suction cup seat 210 away from the main shaft is fixedly installed with a vacuum suction cup 211. A plurality of air suction holes 212 are formed at one end of the vacuum suction cup 211 away from the suction cup seat 210. The plurality of air suction holes 212 provided on the vacuum suction cup 211 enable the installation of the workpiece to be processed more quickly and are not limited by the clamping method. Through holes that match the air suction holes 212 are provided at the centers of both the main shaft and the suction cup seat 210. A dust-proof net 213 is provided between the air suction holes 212 and the through hole of the suction cup seat 210. The dust-proof net 213 can effectively filter out the impurities in the air entering the main shaft through the suction cup. One end of the driving shaft 208 away from the suction cup seat 210 is rotatably connected to a vacuum converter 214, and the vacuum converter 214 is fixedly installed inside the rear end cover 203. Specifically, when the aerostatic main shaft 2 is used, the vacuum converter 214 is started, and the suction disc starts to suck air. The inhaled gas is transmitted to the rear end cover 203 through the through hole and is discharged through the graphite sleeve 209 and the graphite end cover 207. Due to its air permeability, when the gas passes through, an air layer will be formed between the graphite sleeve 209 and the driving shaft 208, so that the driving shaft 208 remains suspended inside the graphite sleeve 209. When rotating, the driving shaft 208 has no contact and no friction, thus avoiding the influence of the temperature rise of the driving shaft 208 on the accuracy and stability of the workpiece to be processed, and making the parts processed by the lathe more precise.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 6, the tool rest mechanism 3 includes a tool rest base 301, and the tool rest base 301 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the slide plate 111. The upper end of the tool rest base 301 is fixedly installed with a tool rest column 302. A pressure plate 303 is placed on the upper end of the tool rest column 302. A plurality of fine adjustment studs 304 are threadedly installed on the upper end of the pressure plate 303, and the end of the fine adjustment stud 304 away from the pressure plate 303 is threadedly installed at the upper end of the tool rest column 302. By rotating the fine adjustment bolt, the pressure plate 303 moves, making it more convenient to adjust the angle of the pressure plate 303. A fine adjustment slide plate 309 is slidably installed on the side end of the tool rest column 302. An adjustment bolt 305 is threadedly installed on the side end of the tool rest column 302. One end of the adjustment bolt 305 close to the tool rest column 302 is rotatably connected to a coarse adjustment slide plate 306, and the coarse adjustment slide plate 306 is slidably installed on the inner wall of the tool rest column 302. A cutting tool 307 is placed on the upper end of the coarse adjustment slide plate 306, and a pressing blade 308 is placed on the cutting tool 307. Specifically, when it is necessary to install and adjust the cutting tool 307, place the cutting tool 307 on the coarse adjustment slide plate 306, then place the pressing blade 308, rotate the adjustment bolt 305 to drive the coarse adjustment slide plate 306, so that the cutting tool 307 moves below the pressure plate 303, slide the fine adjustment slide plate 309 to adjust the cutting tool 307 to a suitable angle, fix the fine adjustment slide plate 309 with a nut, rotate the fine adjustment stud 304, so that the pressure plate 303 descends and starts to press the cutting tool 307, and make adjustments to the center height and angle according to different cutting tools 307. The fine adjustment stud 304 is designed on the tool rest column 302, which can complete micro-adjustments and make the processing and adjustment of the cutting tool 307 at the processing center position more accurate.

[0036] The working principle of the present invention is: when using a diamond lathe to process a workpiece, place the workpiece beside the suction holes 212 of the vacuum chuck 211, start the vacuum converter 214, and the suction holes 212 immediately suck air, firmly adsorbing the workpiece on the vacuum chuck 211 to achieve the rapid installation of the workpiece:

[0037] Place the cutting tool 307 to be used on the upper end of the coarse adjustment slide plate 306, place the pressing blade 308 on the upper end of the cutting tool 307, rotate the adjustment bolt 305, so that the coarse adjustment slide plate 306 drives the cutting tool 307 to move below the pressure plate 303, slide the fine adjustment slide plate 309 to adjust the cutting tool 307 to a suitable angle, after fixing the fine adjustment slide plate 309 with a nut, rotate the fine adjustment stud 304, and the pressure plate 303 will descend and press the cutting tool 307 accordingly. According to the requirements of different cutting tools 307, adjust its center height and angle. The fine adjustment stud 304 equipped on the tool rest column 302 can achieve micro-adjustments to ensure the accuracy of the cutting tool 307 at the processing center position.

[0038] Start the built-in motor 204 to make the main shaft start to rotate, so that the cutting tool 307 processes the workpiece. The vacuum converter 214 discharges the inhaled gas through the graphite sleeve 209 and the graphite end cap 207. Utilizing the air permeability of the graphite sleeve 209, when the gas passes through the graphite sleeve 209, there is an air layer between the graphite sleeve 209 and the main shaft 208, making the main shaft 208 in a suspended state within the graphite sleeve 209. During rotation, the main shaft 208 has no contact and no friction, and at the same time, the thickness of the air film in the air bearing does not change, thereby avoiding the influence of the air pressure change in the main shaft 208 on the accuracy and stability of the workpiece to be processed, and making the turning of parts more precise.

[0039] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid-floating guide rail ultra-precision single-point diamond lathe, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The outer wall of the base (1) is provided with a processing box (102), and a gas-electric box (103) for providing kinetic energy to the moving parts in the lathe and control current to the operating table (101) is placed at the rear end of the processing box (102). A plurality of pneumatic brackets (105) are symmetrically mounted on the upper end of the base (1), and a bed (106) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the pneumatic bracket (105). An air-floating pad (107) is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the bed (106) near the pneumatic bracket (105). A guide rail (108) is fixedly installed at the end, a slide plate (109) is slidably installed on the upper end of the guide rail (108), a side guide rail (110) is fixedly installed on the side end of the slide plate (109) close to the guide rail (108), an air static pressure spindle (2) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the slide plate (109), a slide plate (111) is slidably installed on the upper end of the guide rail (108) close to the upper end of the slide plate (109), and a tool holder mechanism (3) that can adjust the center height and angle according to different tools is fixedly installed on the upper end of the slide plate (111).

2. The liquid-floating guide rail ultra-precision single-point diamond lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydraulic valve block (112) is fixedly mounted on one end of the slide (109) close to the guide rail (108), an oil supply pipe (113) is fixedly mounted on the input end of the hydraulic valve block (112), and the oil supply pipe (113) is laid inside the slide (109), and an end of the oil supply pipe (113) away from the hydraulic valve block (112) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the hydraulic element of the gas-electric box (103).

3. The liquid-floating guide rail ultra-precision single-point diamond lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air static pressure main shaft (2) comprises a main shaft sleeve (201), and the main shaft sleeve (201) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the slide plate (109), a motor sleeve (202) is fixedly mounted on the side end of the main shaft sleeve (201), and a rear end cover (203) is fixedly mounted on one end of the motor sleeve (202) away from the main shaft sleeve (201).

4. The liquid-floating guide rail ultra-precision single-point diamond lathe according to claim 3, characterized in that: A front end cover (206) is fixed to a nut at one end of the main shaft sleeve (201) away from the motor sleeve (202); a graphite end cover (207) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the front end cover (206); a driving shaft (208) is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the graphite end cover (207); an internal motor (204) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the driving shaft (208) close to the motor sleeve (202); and the internal motor (204) is rotatably mounted on one end of the rear end cover (203); and a graphite sleeve (209) is arranged between the driving shaft (208) and the main shaft sleeve (201).

5. The liquid-floating guide rail ultra-precision single-point diamond lathe according to claim 4, characterized in that: A suction cup seat (210) is fixedly mounted on one end of the driving shaft (208) close to the front end cover (206); a vacuum suction cup (211) is fixedly mounted on one end of the suction cup seat (210) away from the main shaft; a plurality of suction holes (212) are provided on one end of the vacuum suction cup (211) away from the suction cup seat (210); through holes matching the suction holes (212) are provided at the centers of the main shaft and the suction cup seat (210); a vacuum converter (214) is rotatably connected to one end of the driving shaft (208) away from the suction cup seat (210); and the vacuum converter (214) is fixedly mounted inside the rear end cover (203).

6. The liquid-floating guide rail ultra-precision single-point diamond lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool holder mechanism (3) comprises a tool holder base (301), and the tool holder base (301) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the slide plate (111), a tool holder column (302) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the tool holder base (301), a pressure plate (303) is placed on the upper end of the tool holder column (302), a plurality of fine adjustment studs (304) are threadedly mounted on the upper end of the pressure plate (303), and one end of the fine adjustment stud (304) away from the pressure plate (303) is threadedly mounted on the upper end of the tool holder column (302), A fine adjustment slide plate (309) is slidably mounted on the side end of the tool holder column (302); an adjustment bolt (305) is threadedly mounted on the side end of the tool holder column (302); an end of the adjustment bolt (305) close to the tool holder column (302) is rotatably connected to a coarse adjustment slide plate (306), and the coarse adjustment slide plate (306) is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the tool holder column (302); a cutting knife (307) is placed on the upper end of the coarse adjustment slide plate (306), and a pressure blade (308) is placed on the cutting knife (307).

7. The liquid-floating guide rail ultra-precision single-point diamond lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rail (108) is a closed static pressure guide rail structure, the working surface of which is made of granite and is subjected to nano-level polishing, and an air film layer with a thickness of 5-10 μm is formed between the guide rail (108) and the slide plate (109).

8. The liquid-floating guide rail ultra-precision single-point diamond lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the pneumatic supports (105) is four, and they are symmetrically distributed in a rectangular array.

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