Vacuum axial flow photo-thermal saline water crystallization system and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a vacuum axial flow photo-thermal saline water crystallization system and a using method thereof.The system comprises a photo-thermal crystallization system installed on a support body, and the photo-thermal crystallization system comprises a light reflecting plate and a vacuum pipe; the reflector is fixedly mounted below the vacuum tube through a reflector bracket, light focused by the reflector can irradiate the vacuum tube for heating, and the vacuum tube is provided with an inner cavity for accommodating strong brine, and a salt discharge port, a steam discharge port and a water inlet which are communicated with the inner cavity; sequentially carrying out preheating, illumination radiation, vacuum heat collection and axial flow separation, and carrying out water vapor evaporation and salt crystallization; the steam is condensed into distilled water in the heat exchanger, so that water in the saline water is recycled; the crystallized salt is conveyed into a salt collector to be collected, so that the crystallized salt is recycled; illumination radiation resources are mainly used in the process of the whole system, and zero-energy-consumption and high-efficiency brine evaporation and crystallization are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of brine crystallization treatment, and particularly relates to a vacuum axial glow photothermal brine crystallization system, and also relates to a usage method of the vacuum axial glow photothermal brine crystallization system. Background Art

[0002] Brine evaporation crystallization is an important water resource treatment and recycling technology. Especially in arid and semi-arid saline-alkali areas and coastal areas of our country, there are many sources and large stocks of brine such as groundwater, well water, lake water, and seawater. And brine contains a large amount of mineral elements such as sodium, lithium, calcium, and magnesium. Extracting these elements from brine has great potential. In recent years, with the continuous development of materials science, thermal engineering, and automation control technology, brine evaporation crystallization technology has made remarkable progress and has developed rapidly in traditional fields such as seawater desalination and salt chemical production, and emerging fields such as zero liquid discharge of wastewater and utilization of bitter salt water resources. Brine evaporation crystallization is the premise for the utilization of water resources and salt resources. However, existing evaporation disposal technologies mostly adopt technologies such as electromagnetic heating, combustion heating, and steam heating. Due to problems such as high cost, high energy consumption, and low heat conduction efficiency, the research and promotion of brine evaporation crystallization technology are restricted.

[0003] Therefore, it is very urgent to study a brine crystallization system with low energy consumption and high efficiency. Especially in areas with water shortages, the recovery and resource utilization of evaporated water can effectively improve the sustainable utilization of water resources in this area. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vacuum axial glow photothermal brine crystallization system and its usage method to solve the problems of high cost, high energy consumption, and low efficiency in brine disposal.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that a vacuum axial glow photothermal brine crystallization system includes a photothermal crystallization system installed on a support body. The photothermal crystallization system includes a vacuum tube, the vacuum tube is fixedly installed at the top of the support body, a reflector is fixedly installed below the vacuum tube, and the light irradiated by the focused reflector can irradiate the vacuum tube for heating. The above-mentioned vacuum tube is provided with an inner cavity for accommodating concentrated brine, and a salt discharge port, a steam discharge port, and a water inlet communicated with the inner cavity.

[0006] Further, the above-mentioned steam discharge port is connected to the steam inlet of the heat exchanger through a steam recovery device. A cavity for accommodating concentrated brine is arranged inside the heat exchanger, and both ends are fixedly installed on the support body. Cold water inlets and hot water outlets are respectively arranged at both ends of the heat exchanger. The cold water inlet is connected to a brine input pipe, and the hot water outlet is connected to the water inlet of the vacuum tube through a brine flow divider. The steam inlet is arranged on the side wall of the heat exchanger and close to one end of the hot water outlet. A condensation outlet is arranged on the side wall of the heat exchanger close to the cold water inlet, and the condensation outlet is connected to a distilled water collection pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, a heat collecting tube is arranged inside the vacuum tube. The head end of the heat collecting tube extends out of the vacuum tube in a sealed manner, and a salt discharging port is formed at the lower part of this end, while a steam discharging port is formed at the upper part. A pressure relief valve is installed at the steam discharging port. A three-phase separation tube is installed inside the heat collecting tube. The head end of the three-phase separation tube extends out of the heat collecting tube in a sealed manner and is provided with a water inlet. The tail end is closed with the heat collecting tube. The water inlet is fixedly connected to one end of a liquid slip ring, the other end of the liquid slip ring is fixedly connected to an electric slip ring, and the other end of the electric slip ring is connected to the brine. There is a cavity between the three-phase separation tube and the heat collecting tube, and a drain hole communicating with the heat collecting tube is arranged on the three-phase separation tube near the inner end.

[0008] Furthermore, the three-phase separation tube is a hollow tubular structure. The three-phase separation tube and the heat collecting tube are rotationally connected through bearing seats at both ends, and a spiral scraper is arranged between the two bearing seats. A bearing retaining ring is arranged outside the bearing at the head end of the three-phase separation tube. A temperature transmitter is arranged between the bearing retaining ring and the liquid slip ring. A driven sprocket is also fixedly connected to the head end of the three-phase separation tube. The driven sprocket is connected to a driving sprocket through a transmission chain. The driving sprocket is rotatably connected to the support body and is connected to the output end of a driving motor. The driving motor is installed on the support body.

[0009] Furthermore, multiple photothermal crystallization systems are arranged side by side. The multiple photothermal crystallization systems are connected through a brine distributor and a steam recovery device. Among them, the brine distributor includes a main water pipe. The head end of the main water pipe is connected to the hot water outlet of the heat exchanger, and the tail end is respectively connected to multiple branch water pipes. The outlets of the branch water pipes are respectively connected to the water inlets of the photothermal crystallization systems, and a one-way check valve is arranged at the outlet of the branch water pipes. The steam recovery device includes a main air pipe. The head end of the main air pipe is connected to the steam inlet of the heat exchanger, and the tail end is connected to multiple branch air pipes. The inlets of the branch air pipes are connected to the steam discharging ports of the photothermal crystallization systems, and a one-way air valve is arranged at the inlet of the branch air pipes. A pressure reducing elbow is arranged on the main air pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the reflector is fixedly installed below the vacuum tube through a reflector bracket. The reflector adopts a parabolic structure, and a mirror heat-insulating and reflective coating is sprayed on the inner wall of the parabolic surface. The vacuum tube is arranged at the focal position of the parabolic surface.

[0011] Furthermore, the vacuum tube adopts a double-layer vacuum structure. The outer layer of the vacuum tube is made of transparent high-temperature resistant glass, and a light-selective film is sprayed on the inner wall of the glass, allowing only light waves to enter from the outside to the inside. The inner layer of the vacuum tube adopts the same glass material or a non-thermally deformed metal tube to form a vacuum one-way heat collection.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom end of the bracket body is fixedly connected to the orthogonal rotation system, and the bracket body is installed with a light sensing tracking system, wherein the orthogonal rotation system includes a pitch worm gear transmission, a pitch motor, a rotation motor, a rotation worm gear transmission and a connecting shaft, a rotation motor for driving the rotation worm gear transmission is installed at one side of the input end of the rotation worm gear transmission to form a rotation worm gear transmission mechanism, the bottom of the rotation worm gear transmission is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical pole through a connecting flange, the top output end of the rotation worm gear transmission is fixedly connected to the pitch worm gear transmission, and a pitch motor for driving the pitch worm gear transmission is installed at one side of the pitch worm gear transmission to form a pitch worm gear transmission mechanism, and the pitch worm gear The output end of the worm gear transmission symmetrically crosses the connecting shaft, and the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the bracket body. Two inverted L-shaped limit mounting plates are oppositely arranged on the left and right sides of the top of the rotary worm gear transmission. The top horizontal plate of the limit mounting plate is parallel to the connecting shaft. A positive limit switch is installed on the outer side of the side plate of the limit mounting plate on the right side, and a positive limit switch contact is arranged on the outer side of the positive limit switch. A negative limit switch is installed on the outer side of the side plate of the limit mounting plate on the left side of the rotary worm gear transmission, and a negative limit switch contact is arranged on the outer side of the negative limit switch. One side of the rotary worm gear transmission is close to and fixedly connected to the limit block, and the positive limit switch contact and the negative limit switch contact can touch the limit block after rotation.

[0013] Furthermore, a salt collector is connected below the salt discharge port and is fixedly mounted on one side of the bracket body. The salt collector includes a salt collecting pipe, the top of which is connected to the salt discharge port, and the bottom of which is connected to a salt collecting box. A salt collecting port is provided at the bottom of the salt collecting box and a valve is provided at the salt collecting port. The front of the salt collecting box is made of a transparent glass plate.

[0014] A method for using a vacuum axial flow photothermal brine crystallization system, the method comprising: injecting brine into a heat exchanger through a brine inlet, preheating the brine to 60°C-80°C by heat exchange with high temperature steam in the heat exchanger, and then entering a vacuum tube through a brine diverter; The driving sprocket is controlled to rotate in the reverse direction, and the transmission chain drives the driven sprocket to rotate, driving the three-phase separation tube to rotate in the reverse direction, causing the water in the brine to evaporate and be transported to the exhaust port through the spiral channel, and then enter the heat exchanger through the steam recovery device, where it exchanges heat with the low-temperature brine and is cooled into distilled water, which is then discharged and collected from the distilled water collection pipe; When the temperature transmitter detects temperature changes, that is, when the crystallization temperature of salt in the brine reaches the design threshold, the three-phase separation tube is controlled to rotate forward, and the spiral scraper transports the crystallized salt in the spiral channel to the salt discharge port. The crystallized salt discharged from the salt discharge port enters the salt collector. When the crystallized salt is full, the salt collection port is opened to collect the crystallized salt. When the salt discharge process reaches the set time, the system enters the first stage again and proceeds to the next cycle.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows. By utilizing the radiation resources of natural light and the axial flow control technology, the present invention first preheats the brine through a heat exchanger and then enters the vacuum tube of the solar thermal crystallization system. The sunlight is reflected by a reflector to heat the vacuum tube, promoting the rapid evaporation and crystallization of the brine, and solving the problems of high brine disposal cost, high energy consumption, and low efficiency. Among them: The inner layer of the vacuum tube is made of homogeneous glass material or a non-thermally deformed metal tube to form a vacuum unidirectional heat collection, that is, the heat energy can only gather towards the inner layer of the vacuum tube under the action of radiation, continuously heating the inner layer of the vacuum tube, effectively improving the utilization rate of heat energy and ensuring the crystallization efficiency of the brine; A heat collection tube is installed inside the vacuum tube, and a three-phase separation tube is installed inside the heat collection tube. The three-phase separation tube is rotatably connected to the heat collection tube and there is a cavity between them. The brine enters the solar thermal crystallization system and moves axially inside the three-phase separation tube, and then enters the spiral channel formed by the heat collection tube and the three-phase separation tube through the drainage hole at the end of the three-phase separation tube. The heat collection tube receives the heat of the inner layer of the vacuum tube by heat transfer, continuously heating the brine in the spiral channel, realizing the continuous evaporation and crystallization of the brine, and improving the evaporation and crystallization efficiency of the brine; The brine preheating and heat energy recovery are designed. A steam recovery device is set in the front stage of crystallization of the solar thermal crystallization system to heat the heat exchanger, and the brine is preheated through the heat exchanger. On the one hand, it is beneficial for the brine entering the solar thermal crystallization system to quickly heat up and crystallize, reducing the brine heating time and improving the crystallization efficiency, and the steam condenses into distilled water in the heat exchanger, realizing the recovery of water in the brine; on the other hand, it avoids the direct entry of low-temperature brine into the solar thermal crystallization system, which may damage the three-phase separation tube and the heat collection tube when encountering the high-temperature solar thermal crystallization system; The usage method of the solar thermal brine crystallization system is to preheat the brine through a heat exchanger to 60°C - 80°C, and then enter the heat collection tube of the solar thermal brine crystallization system for heating and crystallization, which can improve the crystallization efficiency and the energy utilization rate. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of a vacuum axial flow solar thermal brine crystallization system; Figure 2 It is a rear view structure schematic diagram of a vacuum axial flow solar thermal brine crystallization system; Figure 3 It is a structure schematic diagram of the solar thermal crystallization system; Figure 4 It is a structure schematic diagram of the heat collection tube; Figure 5 For Figure 4 The B-B sectional structure schematic diagram in; Figure 6 It is a structure schematic diagram of the three-phase separation tube; Figure 7 It is a structure schematic diagram of the brine flow divider; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the steam recovery device; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the heat exchanger; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical rod; Figure 11 Front view of the structure of the orthogonal rotation system; Figure 12 3D schematic diagram of the structure of the orthogonal rotation system; Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure of the salt collector; Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the structure of the support body; Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the usage process of the vacuum axial flow photo-thermal brine crystallization system. Detailed implementation manners

[0017] The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification, so as to facilitate better understanding by those skilled in the art.

[0018] Example 1, as Figures 1 - 15 shown, a vacuum axial flow photo-thermal brine crystallization system includes a photo-thermal crystallization system 1, a brine diverter 2, a steam recovery device 3, a heat exchanger 4, a vertical rod 5, an orthogonal rotation system 6, a salt collector 7, a support body 8, a drive chain 9, a driven sprocket 10, a drive sprocket 11, and a drive motor 12.

[0019] The above-mentioned photo-thermal crystallization system 1 is fixedly installed on the support body 8. The photo-thermal crystallization system 1 includes a reflector 101 and a vacuum tube 102. The vacuum tube 102 is fixedly installed at the top of the support body 8. The reflector 101 is fixedly installed below the vacuum tube 102 through a plurality of reflector brackets 103, and the light focused by the reflector 101 can irradiate the vacuum tube 102 for heating. The vacuum tube 102 is provided with an inner cavity for accommodating concentrated brine, a salt discharge port 104, a steam discharge port 109, and a water inlet 118 communicating with the inner cavity. By reflecting sunlight through the reflector to heat the vacuum tube, it promotes the rapid evaporation and crystallization of brine, and solves the problems of high brine disposal cost, high energy consumption, and low efficiency.

[0020] Among them, ensuring that the reflector 101 of the photo-thermal crystallization system 1 faces the sun can provide the best solar radiation energy for the photo-thermal crystallization system 1. In order to improve the light utilization rate of the system, the reflector 101 adopts a parabolic structure, the vacuum tube 102 is arranged at the focal position of the parabolic surface, and a mirror heat-insulating and reflecting coating is sprayed on the inner wall of the parabolic surface 101 to achieve mirror surface light collection and maximize the light energy utilization rate.

[0021] To further improve the efficiency of parabolic concentrating radiation, the vacuum tube 102 adopts a double-layer vacuum structure. The outer layer of the vacuum tube 102 is made of transparent high-temperature resistant glass, and a light-selective film is sprayed on the inner wall of the glass, which only allows light waves to enter from the outside to the inside and prevents light waves from reflecting. The inner layer of the vacuum tube 102 is made of the same glass material or a non-thermally deformed metal tube to form a vacuum unidirectional heat collection, that is, heat energy can only gather towards the inner layer of the vacuum tube 102 under the action of radiation, continuously heating the inner layer of the vacuum tube 102. The present invention utilizes the radiation resources of natural light and axial flow control technology to promote the rapid evaporation and crystallization of brine, solving the problems of high brine disposal cost, high energy consumption, and low efficiency.

[0022] A heat collection tube 108 is installed inside the above-mentioned vacuum tube 102. To prevent the heat collection tube 108 from burning out the vacuum tube 102 at high temperatures, a heat insulation elastic pad (silica) is arranged between the two. The head end of the heat collection tube 108 is sealed and extends out of the vacuum tube 102, and a salt discharge port 104 is opened at the lower part, and a steam discharge port 109 is opened at the upper part. A pressure relief valve 110 is installed at the steam discharge port 109. When the steam pressure is greater than the pressure setting value of the pressure relief valve 110, such as 1.2 kPa, the steam is discharged from the pressure relief valve 110 to improve safety; a three-phase separation tube 112 is installed inside the heat collection tube 108. The head end of the three-phase separation tube 112 is sealed and extends out of the heat collection tube 108 and is provided with a water inlet 118, and the end is closed with the heat collection tube 108. The water inlet 118 is fixedly connected to one end of the liquid slip ring 106. The liquid slip ring 106 prevents the components connected to the three-phase separation tube 112 from rotating when the three-phase separation tube 112 rotates. The other end of the liquid slip ring 106 is fixedly connected to the electric slip ring 107, and the other end of the electric slip ring 107 is connected to the brine; there is a cavity between the three-phase separation tube 112 and the heat collection tube 108, and a drain hole 114 communicating with the heat collection tube 108 is provided near the inner end of the three-phase separation tube 112.

[0023] The three-phase separation tube 112 is a hollow tubular structure and is made of an anti-corrosion and high-temperature resistant material. Two bearing seats 111 and their matching bearings 116 are respectively installed near the outer end and the inner end of the three-phase separation tube 112. A shaft sleeve 115 is provided between the bearing 116 and the heat collection tube 108. The three-phase separation tube 112 is rotatably connected to the heat collection tube 108, and a spiral scraper 113 is provided between the two bearing seats 111 at both ends. The material of the spiral scraper 113 is the same as that of the three-phase separation tube 112. A bearing retainer 105 is provided outside the bearing 116 at the head end of the three-phase separation tube 112, and a temperature transmitter 121 is provided between the bearing retainer 105 and the liquid slip ring 106; the head end of the three-phase separation tube 112 is fixedly connected to a driven sprocket 10, the driven sprocket 10 is connected to a driving sprocket 11 through a transmission chain 9, the driving sprocket 11 is rotatably connected to the support body 8 and is connected to the output end of the driving motor 12, and the driving motor 12 is installed on the support body 8.

[0024] Brine enters the photothermal crystallization system 1 from the left end of the electrical slip ring 107, moves axially inside the three-phase separation pipe 112, and then enters the spiral channel 113 formed by the heat collection pipe 108 and the three-phase separation pipe 112 through the drain hole 114. The heat collection pipe 108 receives the heat from the inner layer of the vacuum tube 102 in the form of heat transfer, continuously heating the brine in the spiral channel 113 to achieve continuous evaporation and crystallization of the brine, and improving the efficiency of brine evaporation and crystallization.

[0025] The temperature of the brine is relatively low, such as 10°C - 30°C. When it directly enters the photothermal crystallization system, it requires a long heating time. When the low-temperature brine encounters the high-temperature photothermal crystallization system 1, it will damage the three-phase separation pipe 112 and the heat collection pipe 108. Therefore, brine preheating and heat energy recovery are designed. The exhaust port 109 is connected to the steam inlet 401 of the heat exchanger 4 through the steam recovery device 3. The heat exchanger 4 is provided with a cavity for accommodating concentrated brine, and is fixedly installed on the support body 8 at both ends. The heat exchanger 4 is respectively provided with a cold water inlet 404 and a hot water outlet 402 at both ends. The cold water inlet 404 is connected to the brine input pipe 406, and the hot water outlet 402 is connected to the water inlet 118 of the vacuum tube 102 through the brine flow divider 2. The steam inlet 401 is arranged on the side wall of the heat exchanger 4 and at one end close to the hot water outlet 402. A condensation outlet 403 is provided at one end of the side wall of the heat exchanger 4 close to the cold water inlet 404, and the condensation outlet 403 is connected to the distilled water collection pipe 405. The brine is preheated to 60°C - 80°C through heat exchange with the high-temperature steam in the heat exchanger 4, and then enters the photothermal crystallization system 1 through the brine flow divider 2. At the same time, the steam recovery device 3 recovers the high-temperature steam of the photothermal crystallization system 1 and enters the heat exchanger from the steam inlet 401, and exchanges heat with the low-temperature brine in the heat exchanger to be cooled into distilled water, and then is recovered and reused from the distilled water collection pipe 406, saving energy.

[0026] In order to improve the efficiency of brine evaporation and crystallization, multiple photothermal crystallization systems 1 can be provided. In this embodiment, two photothermal crystallization systems 1 are arranged side by side, and the two photothermal crystallization systems 1 are respectively connected to the heat exchanger 4 through the brine flow divider 2 and the steam recovery device 3.

[0027] The salt water flow divider 2 includes a main water pipe 201. The head end of the main water pipe 201 is connected to the hot water outlet 402 of the heat exchanger 4 through a nut, and the tail end is connected to two branch water pipes 202 respectively through a tee. The outlets of the branch water pipes 202 are respectively connected to the water inlets 118 of the solar thermal crystallization system 1. To prevent the high-temperature and high-concentration brine in the solar thermal crystallization system 1 from flowing back into the heat exchanger 4 due to a control system failure and damaging the heat exchanger 4, a one-way check valve 203 (such as the KF25 one-way check valve of Jiangsu Baifa Fluid Technology Co., Ltd.) is provided at the outlet of the branch water pipe 202. The one-way check valve 203 is connected to the electric slip ring 107 through a pipeline, so that the brine can only be transported from the heat exchanger 4 to the solar thermal crystallization system 1 under a certain pressure and its reverse flow is blocked; The steam recovery device 3 includes a main air pipe 301. The head end of the main air pipe 301 is connected to the steam inlet 401 of the heat exchanger 4 through a nut, and the tail end is connected to two branch air pipes 302 through a tee. The inlets of the branch air pipes 302 are connected to the exhaust port 109 of the solar thermal crystallization system 1. Since the steam in the heat exchanger 4 or the steam recovery device 3 condensates reversely into the solar thermal crystallization system 1 under high temperature and high pressure, changing the phase state of the crystalline salt, a one-way air valve 303 (such as the DN25 one-way air valve of Zhejiang Juhao Valve Co., Ltd.) is provided at the inlet of the branch air pipe 302, so that the steam can only enter the heat exchanger 4 from the solar thermal crystallization system 1 and its reverse flow is blocked; At the same time, a pressure reducing elbow 304 is provided on the main air pipe 301. The pressure reducing elbow 304 can also be a coiled pipe, which is used to reduce the pressure of the high-pressure steam and reduce the corrosion damage of the pressure on the heat exchanger 4.

[0028] In order to prevent the salt water flow divider 2 and the steam recovery device 3 from rotating when the three-phase separation pipe 112 rotates, a liquid slip ring (such as the MSPS14 rotary joint of Shenzhen Mofulong (MOFLON) Technology Co., Ltd.) is provided on the three-phase separation pipe 112. To prevent the cable of the temperature transmitter from being damaged when the three-phase separation pipe 112 rotates, an electric slip ring (such as the JST50120 through-hole conductive slip ring of Shanghai Lifeng Electrical Equipment Co., Ltd.) is provided on the three-phase separation pipe 112.

[0029] A salt collector 7 is connected below the salt discharge port 104. The salt collector 7 is fixedly installed on one side of the support body 8. The salt collector 7 includes a salt collecting pipe 701. The top end of the salt collecting pipe 701 is connected to the salt discharge port 104 through a pipeline, and the bottom end is connected to a salt collecting box 702. The bottom end of the salt collecting box 702 is provided with a salt collecting port 703 and a valve is provided at the salt collecting port 703. The front of the salt collecting box 702 is made of a transparent glass plate.

[0030] The bottom end of the support body 8 is fixedly connected to the orthogonal rotation system 6. A light-sensing tracking system is installed on the support body 8. The orthogonal rotation system 6 includes a pitching worm and worm gear transmission 601, a pitching motor 602, a rotation motor 606, a rotation worm and worm gear transmission 607, and a connecting shaft 612. A rotation motor 606 for driving its operation is installed at one side input end of the rotation worm and worm gear transmission 607 to form a rotation worm and worm gear transmission mechanism. The lower part of the rotation worm and worm gear transmission 607 is fixedly connected to the top end of the vertical rod 5 through a connecting flange 609. The lower flange 502 of the vertical rod 5 is installed on the ground through a lower mating hole 506. When installing, the fastening bolts should be pre-buried first, and the ground should be hardened. For the convenience of installation, the lower mating hole 506 can adopt a U-shaped structure; the spigot 503 of the vertical rod 5 is inserted into the inside of the connecting flange 609 of the orthogonal rotation system 6, and the upper flange 501 is matched with the connecting flange 609 of the orthogonal rotation system 6; the upper mating hole of the vertical rod 5 is fixedly connected to the connecting flange 609 of the orthogonal rotation system 6; to improve the strength of the vertical rod 5, a plurality of upper support ribs 505 and lower support ribs 507 are also provided on the vertical rod 5.

[0031] The top output end of the rotation worm and worm gear transmission 607 is fixedly connected to the pitching worm and worm gear transmission 601. A pitching motor 602 for driving its operation is installed at one side of the pitching worm and worm gear transmission 601 to form a pitching worm and worm gear transmission mechanism. The output end of the pitching worm and worm gear transmission 601 symmetrically passes through the connecting shaft 612 horizontally. The connecting shaft 612 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support body 8. Two inverted L-shaped limit mounting plates 603 are oppositely provided on the left and right sides at the top of the rotation worm and worm gear transmission 607. The top horizontal plate of the limit mounting plate 603 is parallel to the connecting shaft 612. A positive limit switch 604 is installed on the outer side of the side plate of the right limit mounting plate 603. A positive limit switch contact 605 is provided outside the positive limit switch 604. A negative limit switch 610 is installed on the outer side of the side plate of the left limit mounting plate 603 of the rotation worm and worm gear transmission 607. A negative limit switch contact 611 is provided outside the negative limit switch 610. A limit block 608 is fixedly connected to the rotation worm and worm gear transmission 607 near one side. The positive limit switch contact 605 and the negative limit switch contact 611 can touch the limit block 608 after rotation.

[0032] The support body 8 includes two left crossbars 801 and two right crossbars 802 arranged in parallel. The two ends of the left crossbar 801 and the right crossbar 802 are respectively fixedly connected to the front crossbar 803 and the rear crossbar 804. Near the two ends of the front crossbar 803, a left front upright 805 and a right front upright 806 are symmetrically provided respectively. Near the two ends of the rear crossbar 804, a left rear upright 807 and a right rear upright 808 are symmetrically provided respectively. At the central top ends of the left front upright 805 and the right front upright 806, a left front hoop 809 and a right front hoop 810 are respectively bolted. At the central top ends of the left rear upright 807 and the right rear upright 808, a left rear hoop 811 and a right rear hoop 812 are respectively bolted. On the sides of the left front upright 805 and the left rear upright 807 close to the right front upright 806 and the right rear upright 808, a left front side hoop 813 and a left rear side hoop 814 are respectively bolted. On the rear crossbar 804 between the left rear upright 807 and the right rear upright 808, a rear small hoop 815 is bolted. At the central bottoms of the left crossbar 801 and the right crossbar 802, a left lower hoop 816 and a right lower hoop 817 are respectively bolted.

[0033] One vacuum tube 102 of each of the two solar-thermal crystallization systems 1 is respectively fixed to the top ends of the left front upright 805 and the left rear upright 807 through the left front hoop 809 and the left rear hoop 811, and the other vacuum tube is fixed to the top ends of the right front upright 806 and the right rear upright 808 through the right front hoop 810 and the right rear hoop 812; One heat exchanger 4 is adopted, and the two ends of the heat exchanger 4 are respectively fixed and installed on the sides of the left front upright 805 and the left rear upright 807 through the left front side hoop 813 and the left rear side hoop 814; The salt collector 7 is fixedly installed on the side of the rear crossbar 801 of the support body 8, and the drive motor 12 is fixedly installed on the rear crossbar through the rear small hoop 815; The connecting shaft 612 of the orthogonal rotation system 6 is fixedly connected to the support body 8 through the left lower hoop 816 and the right lower hoop 817 of the support body 8.

[0034] The above-mentioned optical rod tracking system includes a sensing unit, an execution unit and a control unit. The sensing unit includes a left sensing unit 818 installed on the left crossbar 801 and a right sensing unit 819 installed on the right crossbar 802; Among them, the sensing unit adopts an integrated multi-modal method and can measure the sensing unit of the slewing angle, pitch angle, wind speed, temperature, humidity, and light. To improve the measurement accuracy, the sensing unit 814 and the left sensing unit 828 are backup to each other. The slewing angle and pitch angle can adopt a fiber optic gyro (such as the dual-axis fiber optic gyro FOGD640 of Newsigar Company), the wind speed can adopt an ultrasonic deviation correction sensor (such as the MSW-G18200H09TR-W50 ultrasonic deviation correction sensor produced by Changzhou Maonuo Stone Electronics Co., Ltd.), the temperature can adopt a thermistor (the MF72 power type NTC thermistor produced by Shenzhen Chengqianshun Electronics Co., Ltd.), the humidity can adopt a humidity-sensitive resistor (such as the HR202L humidity-sensitive resistor produced by Dongguan Jingpin Electronic Technology Co., Ltd.), and the light can adopt a photoresistor (such as the GL5516 photoresistor produced by Shenzhen Keyuma Electronics Co., Ltd.); The execution unit mainly includes a slewing motor 606, a slewing worm and worm gear transmission 607, a pitch worm and worm gear transmission 601, and a pitch motor 602. The slewing motor 606 controls the slewing worm and worm gear transmission 607 to perform a vertical slewing motion, and the pitch motor 602 controls the pitch worm and worm gear transmission 601 to perform a pitch motion. The combination of the slewing motion and the pitch motion realizes the orthogonal two-way motion of the support body 8 and the photothermal crystallization system 1; The control unit is arranged inside the controller of the system. The control unit receives the slewing angle, pitch angle, wind speed, temperature, humidity, and light data of the sensing unit and realizes through the machine learning sensing method: ① Orthogonal two-way motion. According to the light, slewing angle, and pitch angle data, drive the slewing motor 606 and the pitch motor 602 for orthogonal two-way motion to realize the pitch motion of the support body 8. The combination of the slewing motion and the pitch motion realizes that the reflector 101 of the photothermal crystallization system 1 faces the sun; ② Wind shelter control. According to the wind speed data, drive the slewing motor 606 and the pitch motor 602 to control the support body 8 to enter a windward avoidance posture. That is, when encountering strong wind weather, such as when the wind speed > 10m / s, control the support body 8 to maintain the minimum wind resistance posture to ensure the safety of the system; ③ Rain shelter control. According to the light and humidity data, drive the slewing motor 606 and the pitch motor 602 to control the support body 8 to enter a rain shelter posture. That is, when encountering heavy rain, such as shower, heavy rain, rainstorm, etc., the rainfall > 25mm / d, and the air humidity is 80%, control the support body 8 to maintain a vertical posture to avoid rainwater accumulation in the photothermal crystallization system 1 and avoid raindrops hitting the reflector 101 and the vacuum tube 102 vertically to ensure the safety of the system; ④ Energy-saving control: Based on the light and temperature data, drive the slewing motor 606 and the pitching motor 602 to control the support body 8 to enter the energy-saving posture. That is, when the temperature drops below 15 °C, control the pitching posture to remain at 40 °, and only rely on slewing to achieve light tracking. That is, turn off the pitching motor 602 and only control the slewing motor 606; ⑤ Sleep control: Based on the light data, drive the slewing motor 606 and the pitching motor 602 to control the support body 8 to enter the sleep posture. That is, at night, control the support body 8 to maintain a vertical posture and turn off the system actuator; ⑥ Protection control: To prevent the slewing motion from exceeding the control range, the positive limit switch 604 and the negative limit switch 610 can also be adjusted to set the positive and negative limit angles of the slewing motion. Use the positive limit switch contact 605 and the negative limit switch contact 611 to touch the limit block 608 to trigger the positive and negative limit protection functions.

[0035] Embodiment 2 A method for using a vacuum shaft stream photo-thermal brine crystallization system, the method is as follows: Inject brine into the heat exchanger 4 through the brine inlet by means of a constant-pressure water pump, a Mariotte bottle for water supply or self-pressure water supply. The brine is preheated to 60 °C - 80 °C through heat exchange with high-temperature steam in the heat exchanger 4, and then enters the main water pipe 201 of the brine distributor 2 through the hot water outlet 402 of the heat exchanger 4. Then it is divided into two paths and enters the electrical slip rings 107 of the two photo-thermal crystallization systems respectively through the two branch water pipes. Then it passes through the temperature transmitter 121, the liquid slip ring 106, and the three-phase separation pipe 112 in sequence and enters the spiral channel 113; The brine first collects heat and increases in temperature in the spiral channel 113. To promote the uniform heating and evaporation of the brine, control the driving sprocket 12 to rotate in the reverse direction, the transmission chain 9 drives the driven sprocket 10 to rotate, and drives the three-phase separation pipe 112 to rotate in the reverse direction, increasing the evaporation and crystallization speed, and promoting the evaporation of the water in the brine to be transported through the spiral channel 113 to the exhaust port 109, and then through the pressure relief valve 110. One path passes through two branch air pipes and enters the steam recovery device 3. The two paths of steam are collected and decompressed at the reducing elbow 307 and then enter the heat exchanger 4, where they are heat-exchanged with low-temperature brine and cooled to distilled water and then discharged and collected from the distilled water collection pipe 405; When the temperature transmitter 121 detects a temperature change, that is, when the crystallization temperature of the salt in the brine reaches the design threshold, control the three-phase separation pipe 112 to rotate forward, and the spiral scraper 120 transports the crystalline salt in the spiral channel 113 to the salt discharge port. The crystalline salt discharged from the salt discharge port 104 enters the salt collection box 702 through the salt collection pipe 701. Observe the salt collection amount in the salt collection box through the glass plate. When the crystalline salt is full, open the valve at the salt collection port 703 to collect the crystalline salt; when the salt discharge process reaches the set time, the system enters the first stage again and proceeds to the next cycle process; To enable the system to have better lighting conditions, the sensing unit is used to measure the system environment parameters. The orthogonal rotation system is issued with rotation or pitching instructions through the control unit to control the reflector of the photothermal crystallization system to face the sun directly and absorb the lighting radiation resources; To improve the safety of the system, the machine learning sensing method can also be used to perform functions such as wind protection control, rain protection control, energy saving control, sleep control, and protection control on the system; In the above process, as Figure 14 shown, the brine passes through preheating, lighting radiation, vacuum heat collection, and axial flow separation in sequence to perform water vapor evaporation and salt crystallization; the steam is condensed into distilled water in the heat exchanger to realize the recovery of water in the brine; the crystallized salt is collected in the salt collector through transportation to realize the recovery of crystallized salt; the main resource used in the entire system process is lighting radiation resources, achieving zero energy consumption and high-efficiency brine evaporation and crystallization.

[0036] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit and principles of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vacuum axial flow photothermal brine crystallization system, characterized in that: The photothermal crystallization system (1) comprises a vacuum tube (102) which is fixedly mounted on the top of the bracket body (8). A reflector (101) is fixedly mounted below the vacuum tube (102) and the light focused by the reflector (101) can irradiate the vacuum tube (102) for heating. The vacuum tube (102) is provided with an inner cavity for accommodating concentrated brine and a salt discharge port (104), a steam discharge port (109) and a water inlet (118) which are connected to the inner cavity.

2. A vacuum axial flow light-heat brine crystallization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust port (109) is connected to the steam inlet (401) of the heat exchanger (4) through the steam recovery device (3). The heat exchanger (4) is provided with a cavity for accommodating concentrated brine and is fixedly mounted on the bracket body (8). The heat exchanger (4) is provided with a cold water inlet (404) and a hot water outlet (402). The cold water inlet (404) is connected to the brine input pipe (406). The hot water outlet (402) is connected to the water inlet (118) of the vacuum tube (102) through the brine diverter (2). The steam inlet (401) is arranged on the side wall of the heat exchanger (4) and is close to one end of the hot water outlet (402). A condensation outlet (403) is provided on the side wall of the heat exchanger (4) and is close to one end of the cold water inlet (404). The condensation outlet (403) is connected to the distilled water collection pipe (405).

3. A vacuum axial flow light-heated brine crystallization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat collecting tube (108) is arranged inside the vacuum tube (102). The head end of the heat collecting tube (108) is sealed and extends out of the vacuum tube (102). The lower part of the end is provided with a salt discharge port (104) and the upper part is provided with a steam discharge port (109). A pressure relief valve (110) is installed at the steam discharge port (109). A three-phase separation tube (112) is installed inside the heat collecting tube (108). The head end of the three-phase separation tube (112) is sealed and extends out of the heat collecting tube (108). The water inlet (112) is provided. 118), the end of which is sealed with the heat collecting tube (108), the water inlet (118) is fixedly connected to one end of the liquid slip ring (106), the other end of the liquid slip ring (106) is fixedly connected to the electric slip ring (107), the other end of the electric slip ring (107) is connected to salt water, a cavity is present between the three-phase separation tube (112) and the heat collecting tube (108), and a plurality of drainage holes (114) communicating with the heat collecting tube (108) are provided on the three-phase separation tube (112) near the inner end.

4. A vacuum axial flow light-heat brine crystallization system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The three-phase separation tube (112) is a hollow tubular structure. The three-phase separation tube (112) is rotatably connected to the heat collecting tube (108) via bearing seats (111) at both ends, and a spiral scraper (120) is provided between the two bearing seats (111). A bearing retaining ring (105) is provided on the outside of the bearing (116) at the head end of the three-phase separation tube (112). A temperature transmitter (121) is provided between the bearing retaining ring (105) and the liquid slip ring (106). The head end of the three-phase separation tube (112) is also fixedly connected to a driven sprocket (10). The driven sprocket (10) is connected to a driving sprocket (11) via a transmission chain (9). The driving sprocket (11) is rotatably connected to the bracket body (8) and connected to the output end of a driving motor (12). The driving motor (12) is mounted on the bracket body (8).

5. A vacuum axial flow light-heated brine crystallization system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The photothermal crystallization system (1) is provided with a plurality of photothermal crystallization systems (1), wherein the plurality of photothermal crystallization systems (1) are connected via a salt water diverter (2) and a steam recovery device (3), wherein the salt water diverter (2) comprises a main water pipe (201), the head end of the main water pipe (201) is connected to a hot water outlet (402) of a heat exchanger (4), and the tail end is respectively connected to a plurality of branch water pipes (202), the outlets of the branch water pipes (202) are respectively connected to a water inlet (118) of the photothermal crystallization system (1), and the branch water pipes (202) are respectively connected to a water inlet (118) of the photothermal crystallization system (1). A one-way check valve (203) is provided at the outlet of the heat exchanger (4); the steam recovery device (3) comprises a main air pipe (301), the head end of the main air pipe (301) is connected to the steam inlet (401) of the heat exchanger (4), and the end is connected to a plurality of branch air pipes (302), the inlet of the branch air pipes (302) is connected to the exhaust port (109) of the photothermal crystallization system (1), and the inlet of the branch air pipes (302) is provided with a one-way air valve (303), and a pressure reducing elbow (304) is provided on the main air pipe (301).

6. The vacuum axial flow light-heat brine crystallization system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The reflector (101) is fixedly mounted below the vacuum tube (102) via a reflector bracket (103); the reflector (101) adopts a parabolic structure, and a mirror-like heat-insulating reflective coating is sprayed on the inner wall of the parabola; the vacuum tube (102) is arranged at the focal position of the parabola.

7. A vacuum axial flow light-heated brine crystallization system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The vacuum tube (102) adopts a double-layer vacuum structure. The outer layer of the vacuum tube (102) is made of transparent high-temperature resistant glass, and a light selective film is sprayed on the inner wall of the glass to only allow light waves to enter the inner side from the outer side. The inner layer of the vacuum tube (102) is made of homogeneous glass material or a metal tube without thermal deformation, forming a vacuum one-way heat collection.

8. The vacuum axial flow light-heated brine crystallization system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom end of the support body (8) is fixedly connected to the orthogonal rotation system (6), and a light sensing tracking system is installed on the support body (8), wherein the orthogonal rotation system (6) comprises a pitch worm gear transmission (601), a pitch motor (602), a rotation motor (606), a rotation worm gear transmission (607) and a connecting shaft (612), and an input end on one side of the rotation worm gear transmission (607) is installed with a rotation motor (606) for driving the rotation worm gear transmission (607) to form a rotation worm gear transmission mechanism, and the bottom of the rotation worm gear transmission (607) is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical pole (5) through a connecting flange (609), and the top output end of the rotation worm gear transmission (607) is fixedly connected to the pitch worm gear transmission (601), and a pitch motor (602) for driving the rotation worm gear transmission (601) is installed on one side of the pitch worm gear transmission (601) to form a pitch worm gear transmission mechanism, and the output end of the pitch worm gear transmission (601) is symmetrically connected to the horizontal axis. A connecting shaft (612) is passed through the connecting shaft (612), which is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the bracket body (8). Two inverted L-shaped limit mounting plates (603) are arranged on the left and right sides of the top of the rotary worm gear transmission (607). The top horizontal plate of the limit mounting plate (603) is parallel to the connecting shaft (612). A positive limit switch (604) is installed on the outer side of the side plate of the right limit mounting plate (603). A positive limit switch contact ( 605), a negative limit switch (610) is installed on the outer side of the side plate of the limit mounting plate (603) on the left side of the rotary worm gear transmission (607), a negative limit switch contact (611) is provided on the outer side of the negative limit switch (610), and a limit block (608) is fixedly connected to and abutted against one side of the rotary worm gear transmission (607), and the positive limit switch contact (605) and the negative limit switch contact (611) can touch the limit block (608) after rotation.

9. The vacuum axial flow light-heated brine crystallization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The salt discharge port (104) is connected to a salt collector (7) below. The salt collector (7) is fixedly mounted on one side of the support body (8). The salt collector (7) comprises a salt collecting pipe (701). The top end of the salt collecting pipe (701) is connected to the salt discharge port (104), and the bottom end is connected to a salt collecting box (702). The bottom end of the salt collecting box (702) is provided with a salt collecting port (703) and a valve is provided at the salt collecting port (703).

10. The method for using the vacuum axial flow light-heated brine crystallization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises: injecting brine into a heat exchanger through a brine inlet, preheating the brine to 60°C-80°C by heat exchange with high-temperature steam in the heat exchanger, and then entering a vacuum tube through a brine diverter; The driving sprocket is controlled to rotate in the reverse direction, and the transmission chain drives the driven sprocket to rotate, driving the three-phase separation tube to rotate in the reverse direction, causing the water in the brine to evaporate and be transported to the exhaust port through the spiral channel, and then enter the heat exchanger through the steam recovery device, where it exchanges heat with the low-temperature brine and is cooled into distilled water, which is then discharged and collected from the distilled water collection pipe; When the temperature transmitter detects temperature changes, that is, when the crystallization temperature of salt in the brine reaches the design threshold, the three-phase separation tube is controlled to rotate forward, and the spiral scraper transports the crystallized salt in the spiral channel to the salt discharge port. The crystallized salt discharged from the salt discharge port enters the salt collector. When the crystallized salt is full, the salt collection port is opened to collect the crystallized salt. When the salt discharge process reaches the set time, the system enters the first stage again and proceeds to the next cycle.

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