Straw multimode resonance hydrolysis treatment device

Abstract

The invention relates to a straw multimode resonance hydrolysis treatment device, which relates to the field of agricultural equipment.The straw multimode resonance hydrolysis treatment device comprises a stainless steel layer, a ceramic layer, four ultrasonic generators and a microwave waveguide tube, the stainless steel layer is of a tank-shaped structure, the ceramic layer is arranged on the inner wall surface of the stainless steel layer, and the four ultrasonic generators are distributed in the inner wall surface of the ceramic layer at intervals from bottom to top; the working frequencies of the four ultrasonic generators are increased from bottom to top, and the lowest working frequencies are 20KHz; the four microwave waveguide tubes are spirally distributed in the inner wall face of the ceramic layer at intervals from bottom to top, the working frequencies of the four microwave waveguide tubes are the same and are 915 MHz, the lignin stable structure of straw is destroyed through ultrasonic wave and microwave multimode resonance energy, a reaction system is made to be evenly mixed, and therefore the straw lignin stable structure is obtained. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the problems of low decomposition speed and incomplete degradation of various complex macromolecular organic matters such as lignin, cellulose and crude protein in the straws are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, and particularly relates to a straw multi-mode resonance hydrolysis treatment device. Background Art

[0002] Traditional straw treatment generally adopts methods such as feed conversion, composting, and incineration. Straw is rich in a large amount of polysaccharide gums and proteins. The incineration method causes air pollution and waste of resources and has been prohibited; with the booming development of the agricultural industry, the generation of straw is huge, but due to reasons such as high moisture content and poor palatability of fresh straw, the feed conversion rate is relatively low; straw composting takes a long time, the fertilizer efficiency is unstable, the compost utilization rate is not high, and the particles are large and difficult to dissolve in water, which is not conducive to the popularization of water and fertilizer integration facilities.

[0003] Therefore, in view of the above deficiencies, a straw multi-mode resonance hydrolysis treatment device needs to be provided. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (1) Technical Problems to be Solved

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the problems of slow decomposition rate and incomplete degradation of various complex macromolecular organic substances such as lignin, cellulose, and crude protein in straw.

[0006] (2) Technical Solutions

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a straw multi-mode resonance hydrolysis treatment device, which includes a stainless steel layer, a ceramic layer, an ultrasonic generator, and a microwave waveguide. The stainless steel layer is in a tank structure, the ceramic layer is placed on the inner wall surface of the stainless steel layer, four ultrasonic generators are spaced apart from bottom to top and distributed inside the inner wall surface of the ceramic layer, and the working frequencies of the four ultrasonic generators increase from bottom to top and the lowest is 20KHz; four microwave waveguides are spirally spaced apart from bottom to top and distributed inside the inner wall surface of the ceramic layer, and the working frequencies of the four microwave waveguides are the same and are all 915MHz. The stable structure of lignin in straw is destroyed through the multi-mode resonance energy of ultrasonic waves and microwaves, and the reaction system is evenly mixed.

[0008] As a further description of the present invention, preferably, the bottommost ultrasonic generator is located at the bottom of the ceramic layer, and the remaining three ultrasonic generators are located on the side wall surface of the ceramic layer and are spirally spaced apart.

[0009] As a further description of the present invention, preferably, the angles between the three ultrasonic generators in the horizontal plane are all 120°, and the distances from the bottom of the tank are 1500mm, 2500mm, and 3500mm respectively.

[0010] As a further illustration of the present invention, preferably, all four microwave waveguides are located on the side wall surface of the ceramic layer and the included angles in the horizontal plane are all 90°, and the distance between each of the four microwave waveguides and the adjacent lower-layer microwave waveguide is 1000 mm.

[0011] As a further illustration of the present invention, preferably, the ultrasonic generator and the microwave waveguide are in resonance through PLC control, and the start-stop time is controlled so that the ultrasonic generator and the microwave waveguide work intermittently.

[0012] As a further illustration of the present invention, preferably, the stainless steel layer is made of 304 stainless steel, and the ceramic layer is made of alumina ceramic.

[0013] As a further illustration of the present invention, preferably, the thickness of the stainless steel layer is 10 - 12 mm, and the thickness of the ceramic layer is 16 - 22 mm.

[0014] As a further illustration of the present invention, preferably, the inner side surface of the ceramic layer is sprayed with a polytetrafluoroethylene anti-corrosion coating.

[0015] (III) Beneficial effects

[0016] The above technical solutions of the present invention have the following advantages:

[0017] In the present invention, by designing the spiral distribution of the microwave waveguide and the ultrasonic generator on the ceramic layer of the reaction device, more effective realization of microwave multimode resonance is achieved, greatly reducing the degradation time and energy consumption of stable structures such as lignin. Moreover, the ultrasonic wave oscillates intermittently to disperse the microwave energy, enabling the material to be heated evenly, and automatically starting and stopping the microwave according to the real-time temperature of the material, reducing the energy consumption by 35%. In addition, the use of 304 stainless steel combined with alumina ceramic and spraying PTFE takes into account heat resistance, pressure resistance, corrosion resistance, microwave penetration and shielding from leakage. Brief description of the drawings

[0018] Figure 1 is a sectional view of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is a top view of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1. Stainless steel layer; 2. Ceramic layer; 3. Ultrasonic generator; 4. Microwave waveguide. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] A straw multi-mode resonance hydrolysis treatment device, as Figure 1 shown, includes a stainless steel layer 1, a ceramic layer 2, an ultrasonic generator 3, and a microwave waveguide 4. The stainless steel layer 1 is a tank-like structure. The ceramic layer 2 is disposed on the inner wall surface of the stainless steel layer 1. Four ultrasonic generators 3 are spaced apart from bottom to top and distributed inside the inner wall surface of the ceramic layer 2. Four microwave waveguides 4 are spirally spaced apart from bottom to top and distributed inside the inner wall surface of the ceramic layer 2.

[0023] Combined with Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The stainless steel layer 1 is a tank-like shell made of 304 stainless steel, with an inner diameter of 500 mm, a height of 5200 mm, and a total volume of about 1 m 3 , and the thickness of the stainless steel layer 1 is 10 - 12 mm to provide pressure resistance support for the system. The ceramic layer 2 is made of alumina ceramic, and the thickness of the ceramic layer 2 is 16 - 22 mm to shield microwaves and prevent leakage. At the same time, it can serve as the carrier of the ultrasonic generator 3 and the microwave waveguide 4. The inner side surface of the ceramic layer 2 is sprayed with a polytetrafluoroethylene anti-corrosion coating to increase heat resistance and anti-corrosion properties.

[0024] Combined with Figure 1 、 Figure 2 Among the four ultrasonic generators 3, the lowermost ultrasonic generator 3 is located at the bottom of the ceramic layer 2, and the remaining three ultrasonic generators 3 are located on the side wall surface of the ceramic layer 2 and are spirally spaced apart. The angles between the three ultrasonic generators 3 on the horizontal plane are all 120°, and the distances from the bottom of the tank are 1500 mm, 2500 mm, and 3500 mm respectively. The working frequencies of the four ultrasonic generators 3 increase from bottom to top. Among them, the lowermost ultrasonic generator 3 is 20 KHz, the second layer is 30 KHz, the third layer is 35 KHz, and the fourth layer is 40 KHz. Microbubbles are generated in the liquid by ultrasonic waves. When the microbubbles burst, local high temperature (5000 K) and high pressure (50 MPa) are released instantaneously. The mechanical shear force directly tears the cellulose crystal structure in the straw, and at the same time, free radicals are generated to promote the oxidation reaction, achieving the ultrasonic cavitation effect.

[0025] Combined with Figure 1 、 Figure 2, the four microwave waveguides 4 are all located on the side wall surface of the ceramic layer 2 and the included angles in the horizontal plane are all 90°. The distances between the four microwave waveguides 4 and the adjacent lower-layer microwave waveguides 4 are all 1000 mm. The four microwave waveguides 4 have the same operating frequency, which is 915 MHz. The installation positions of the microwave waveguides 4 are distributed in a spiral pattern. Through the superposition of multiple microwave modes in multimode resonance, the electromagnetic field distribution becomes more uniform, reducing the problem of uneven heating of the material. Through the dielectric loss of microwaves, the water molecules inside the straw vibrate at high frequencies, generating internal heat (120 - 150 °C), which destroys the ether bond and ester bond structures of lignin to weaken its wrapping effect on cellulose.

[0026] The ultrasonic generator 3 and the microwave waveguide 4 are controlled to resonate through a PLC, and the start and stop times are controlled so that the ultrasonic generator and the microwave waveguide work intermittently. For example, the microwave generator 3 works for 10 minutes and stops for 10 minutes, and the ultrasonic generator 3 works for 5 minutes and stops for 5 minutes, etc. The working duration of the microwave generator is set according to the material temperature. Through resonance, a three-dimensional dynamic energy field is formed, and the microwave or ultrasonic wave is automatically started and stopped according to the real-time temperature of the material, and the energy consumption can be reduced by 35%. In addition, through intermittent cooperation, it can also avoid material coking while ensuring the reaction efficiency, and the lignin degradation rate can reach 62%.

[0027] To verify the effects of the above technical solutions, the present invention conducted experiments on rice straw and tomato vines respectively. The experimental processes and results are shown in the following table:

[0028] Table 1: Experimental comparison of rice straw

[0029]

[0030] Table 2: Experimental comparison of tomato vines

[0031]

[0032]

[0033] Table 3: Experimental results of rice straw

[0034]

[0035] Table 4: Experimental results of tomato vines

[0036]

[0037] According to the experimental results, due to the unique process of multimode resonant hydrolysis, it is more conducive to the decomposition and conversion of components such as proteins in raw materials into amino acids. Microwave and ultrasonic have a more efficient effect on the generation of polysaccharides such as cellulose and organic acids. Moreover, it can more effectively hydrolyze and convert the substances in straw, greatly reducing the residue of insoluble substances, which is also an effect that cannot be achieved by other methods using single-frequency ultrasonic and continuous methods. Because single frequency will result in insufficient energy distribution uniformity, and at the same time, the energy consumption of continuous treatment fluctuates greatly and is prone to local overheating, resulting in the amount of water-insoluble substances exceeding that of the present invention. And before the production of conventional organic fertilizers, it is necessary to carry out steps such as drying, acid hydrolysis pretreatment or composting on straw with a water content exceeding 60%, while the present invention can directly carry out water-fertilizer coupling without secondary processing, and the application scenario is closer to the actual demand.

[0038] In summary, the present invention uses microwave and ultrasonic heating at different frequencies, combined with PLC control of resonance, to achieve uniform treatment of materials, solve the problem of insufficient penetration of traditional single-field energy, reduce energy consumption at the same time, avoid local overheating of materials, and improve the system stability. And through the design of ceramic + coating, it breaks through the limitations of acidic and alkaline environments and is applicable to a wider range of pretreatment processes, enabling the present invention to directly process fresh straw, shortening the pretreatment process, and meeting the needs of large-scale agricultural production.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A straw multi-mode resonance hydrolysis treatment device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a stainless steel layer (1), a ceramic layer (2), an ultrasonic generator (3) and a microwave waveguide tube (4); the stainless steel layer (1) is a can-shaped structure; the ceramic layer (2) is arranged on the inner wall surface of the stainless steel layer (1); four ultrasonic generators (3) are spaced from bottom to top on the inner wall surface of the ceramic layer (2); the operating frequencies of the four ultrasonic generators (3) increase from bottom to top and are at least 20 kHz; four microwave waveguide tubes (4) are spaced from bottom to top on the inner wall surface of the ceramic layer (2) in a spiral shape; the operating frequencies of the four microwave waveguide tubes (4) are the same and are all 915 MHz; the stable structure of lignin in the straw is destroyed by ultrasonic and microwave multi-mode resonance energy, and the reaction system is evenly mixed.

2. A straw multi-mode resonance hydrolysis treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom ultrasonic generator (3) is located at the bottom of the ceramic layer (2), and the remaining three ultrasonic generators (3) are located on the side wall of the ceramic layer (2) and are distributed at intervals in a spiral shape.

3. A straw multi-mode resonance hydrolysis treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The three ultrasonic generators (3) have an included angle of 120° on the horizontal plane and are respectively located at a distance of 1500 mm, 2500 mm and 3500 mm from the tank bottom.

4. A straw multi-mode resonance hydrolysis treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four microwave waveguide tubes (4) are all located on the side wall surface of the ceramic layer (2) and have an included angle of 90° on the horizontal plane. The distance between the four microwave waveguide tubes (4) and the microwave waveguide tube (4) of the next adjacent layer is 1000 mm.

5. A straw multi-mode resonance hydrolysis treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resonance of the ultrasonic generator (3) and the microwave waveguide tube (4) is controlled by PLC, and the start and stop time is controlled so that the ultrasonic generator (3) and the microwave waveguide tube (4) work intermittently.

6. A straw multi-mode resonance hydrolysis treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stainless steel layer (1) is made of 304 stainless steel, and the ceramic layer (2) is made of alumina ceramic.

7. A straw multi-mode resonance hydrolysis treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the stainless steel layer (1) is 10 to 12 mm, and the thickness of the ceramic layer (2) is 16 to 22 mm.

8. A straw multi-mode resonance hydrolysis treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner side of the ceramic layer (2) is sprayed with a polytetrafluoroethylene anti-corrosion coating.

Images