Seed coating agent for preventing and treating peanut root rot

Abstract

The invention discloses a seed coating agent for preventing and treating peanut root rot, the seed coating agent is prepared by mixing trichoderma, bacillus subtilis, trichoderma harzianum, hymexazol, modified biochar, a dispersant, a film covering agent, an auxiliary agent and water, the modified biochar is prepared by mixing biochar, cellulase and a nutrient solution, and the nutrient solution is an aqueous solution prepared from sylvite and phosphor salt; microbial bacteria are combined with a film covering agent to prepare a coating agent, microorganisms are used for preventing and treating diseases and insect pests such as root rot, the effects of no residues and no toxic or side effect are truly achieved, the germination and rooting rate of peanuts is increased, meanwhile, biochar adsorbing phosphorus and potassium elements is mixed and can be slowly released into soil after planting, and the yield of peanuts is increased. And in cooperation with decomposition of organic matters by microbial bacteria, continuous nutrients can be provided for the seeds in the germination and rooting periods, the fertilization frequency of farmers is reduced, and the workload of the farmers is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of equipment, and particularly relates to a seed coating agent for preventing and controlling peanut root rot disease. Background Art

[0002] Seed coating refers to a seed technology that uses adhesives or film-forming agents and a specific seed coating machine to wrap non-seed materials such as fungicides, insecticides, micronutrients, plant growth regulators, colorants or fillers around the seeds, so as to make the seeds spherical or basically maintain their original shape, improve stress resistance and disease resistance, accelerate germination, promote seedling emergence, increase yield and improve quality.

[0003] Peanut belongs to the leguminous Arachis herbaceous plant, also known as groundnut, peanut, longevity nut, etc. It is an annual herbaceous crop and one of the most important oil and cash crops in China. Research has found that after years of continuous cropping of peanuts, the quantity and composition of soil microorganisms have changed, the number of bacteria has decreased, and the number of fungi has increased. Therefore, peanut diseases and pests have become increasingly serious, resulting in short plants, poor growth, decreased yield and quality, and aggravated diseases and pests. In particular, peanut stem rot and root rot have become increasingly serious, causing peanut dead seedlings, rotten roots, yield reduction, quality deterioration, and even large-scale crop failure in severe cases. The general method for controlling peanut diseases is to use chemical pesticides. However, long-term use of chemical pesticides will cause pathogens to develop drug resistance and reduce the disease prevention effect of chemical agents. At the same time, long-term use of chemical agents will cause excessive pesticide residues and environmental pollution.

[0004] Currently, the method of using a coating agent can be adopted to treat the seeds before planting, which can reduce the occurrence of stem rot and root rot. However, the current coating agents are only bactericidal and insecticidal coating agents, and they are all prepared using chemical pesticides, which have the defects of large residues and high toxicity. At the same time, a certain amount of nutrient supply is required during the seed germination and rooting period. The traditional method is manual fertilization, which increases the workload of farmers. Therefore, the present invention proposes a seed coating agent for preventing and controlling peanut root rot disease to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a seed coating agent for preventing and controlling peanut root rot disease. The seed coating agent for preventing and controlling peanut root rot disease is made into a coating agent by using microbial bacteria in combination with a film covering agent, and uses the microorganisms to prevent and control diseases and pests such as root rot, truly achieving the effects of no residue and no toxic side effects, improving the germination and rooting rate of peanuts. At the same time, by mixing biochar adsorbed with phosphorus and potassium elements, it can be slowly released into the soil after planting. Combining with the decomposition of organic matter by microbial bacteria, it can provide continuous nutrients for the seeds during the germination and rooting period, reducing the number of fertilizations by farmers and reducing the workload of farmers.

[0006] To achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention is achieved through the following technical scheme: a seed coating agent for preventing and controlling peanut root rot, comprising a mixture of Trichoderma, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum, meconium, modified biochar, a dispersant, a coating agent, an adjuvant and water in a mass percentage of 5-8:5-8:8-10:5-8:25-30:4-6:15-18:5-8:10-15, wherein the modified biochar is mixed with biochar, cellulase and a nutrient solution, and the nutrient solution is an aqueous solution made of potassium salt and phosphate salt.

[0007] A further improvement is that the dispersant is one of methylenenaphthalate sulfonic acid, sodium oleyl methylaminoethyl sulfonate, calcium lignin sulfonate and sodium lignin sulfonate; and the coating agent is one or more of sodium alginate, pectin, cellulose, xanthan gum and sodium hyaluronate.

[0008] Further improvements are: the mass ratio of the biochar, cellulase and nutrient solution is 65-75 parts: 5-8 parts: 15-20 parts; the molar ratio of potassium and phosphorus in the nutrient solution is 2:1.

[0009] A further improvement is that the auxiliary agent is prepared by mixing a stabilizer and a pigment in a mass ratio of 60-65:30-40, the stabilizer is one of an amphiphilic chitosan colloid stabilizer and a Pickering emulsion stabilizer, and the pigment is one of acid scarlet, acid fuchsin and disperse brilliant red.

[0010] A further improvement is that the preparation method of the coating agent comprises:

[0011] Step 1, preparing modified biochar: preparing biochar by pyrolysis and carbonization, then crushing and grinding the biochar to obtain carbon powder, then mixing potassium salt and phosphate salt and dissolving them in water to obtain nutrient solution, mixing the biochar, cellulase and nutrient solution to obtain a mixture, and finally drying the mixture and crushing and grinding it to obtain modified biochar;

[0012] Step 2: premixing the biologically active ingredients: activating Trichoderma, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum and mexamethylenetetramine, and then expanding the culture, and then mixing the bacterial liquids and freeze-drying them to obtain biologically active bacterial powder;

[0013] Step 3: auxiliary material slurry treatment: firstly, the dispersant, the coating agent and the auxiliary agent are mixed and stirred in proportion, then water is added to dissolve and mix, and then the modified biochar is added and mixed and stirred to obtain auxiliary material slurry;

[0014] Step 4, preparing the finished coating agent: adding the auxiliary material slurry into a mixer, then adding the biologically active bacterial powder into the auxiliary material slurry and mixing and stirring thoroughly, then adding into a homogenizer for homogenization to obtain the finished coating agent.

[0015] A further improvement is that the biochar in step one is prepared by carbonizing rice husks and crop straws, specifically by first drying the rice husks and crop straws, then putting the crop straws into a grinder for crushing, then mixing the crushed straws with the rice husks and placing them in a pyrolysis furnace, and performing pyrolysis and carbonization treatment at 350-400°C to obtain solid biochar.

[0016] A further improvement is that: the potassium salt used in preparing the nutrient solution in step 1 is one of potassium chloride, potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate, and the phosphate salt is one of superphosphate, ammonium polyphosphate and potassium polyphosphate; the drying condition of the mixture is drying at 120-160° C. for 40-60 minutes.

[0017] A further improvement is that in step three, the modified biochar is added, mixed and stirred, and then a homogenizer is used to homogenize to obtain an auxiliary material slurry.

[0018] A further improvement is that in step 4, the mixer is first preheated to 40°C, then the auxiliary material slurry is added and stirred at 40°C for 20 to 30 minutes, then the temperature is lowered to 34°C and stirred for 15 to 20 minutes, and finally the biologically active bacterial powder is added for thorough mixing.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention uses microorganisms combined with a coating agent to prepare a coating agent, and utilizes microorganisms to prevent and treat diseases and insect pests such as root rot, thereby truly achieving the effect of no residue and no toxic side effects, and improving the germination and rooting rate of peanuts. At the same time, by mixing in biochar that has adsorbed phosphorus and potassium elements, it can be slowly released into the soil after planting, and combined with the decomposition of organic matter by microorganisms, it can provide a continuous source of nutrients for seeds during the germination and rooting period, thereby reducing the number of fertilization times by farmers and reducing the workload of farmers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of the preparation method of the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with examples. The examples are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] The raw materials used in the examples of the present invention were all obtained through conventional commercial methods; as an example, Trichoderma sp. was purchased from the General Microbiological Center of China National Committee for Microbiological Culture Collection, with a collection number of CGMCC No. 21023. Trichoderma harzianum was purchased from China Center for Type Culture Collection, with a collection number of CCTCC NO. M2010119; and Bacillus subtilis was purchased from China Center for Type Culture Collection, with a collection number of CCTCC M 2010146.

[0023] For the technical content not shown in the embodiments of the present invention, such as the large-scale cultivation of strains, freeze-drying methods, etc., conventional technical means in the art can be used.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] This example provides a seed coating agent for preventing and controlling peanut root rot, which is prepared by mixing Trichoderma, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum, hymexazol, modified biochar, methylene naphthalene sulfonic acid, sodium alginate, auxiliary agent and water according to the mass percentage of 8%:8%:10%:8%:30%:4%:15%:5%:12%. The modified biochar is prepared by mixing biochar, cellulase and nutrient solution. The nutrient solution is an aqueous solution made of potassium chloride and superphosphate.

[0026] The mixing ratio of biochar, cellulase and nutrient solution is 75 parts:5 parts:20 parts; the molar concentrations of potassium and phosphorus elements in the nutrient solution are 2M and 1M respectively.

[0027] The auxiliary agent is prepared by mixing amphiphilic chitosan colloid stabilizer and acid fuchsin according to the mass percentage of 65%:35%.

[0028] As shown in the Figure 1 specification appendix, the preparation method of the above coating agent includes:

[0029] Step 1: Prepare biochar by pyrolysis carbonization method, then crush and grind the biochar to obtain carbon powder. Then, dissolve potassium chloride and superphosphate in water according to the molar ratio of potassium and phosphorus elements of 2:1 to prepare a nutrient solution (the concentrations of potassium and phosphorus are 2M and 1M respectively). Mix the biochar, cellulase and nutrient solution to obtain a mixture. Finally, dry the mixture at 160°C for 40 min and then crush and grind it to obtain modified biochar.

[0030] The biochar is prepared by carbonizing rice husks and crop straws. Specifically, first dry the rice husks and crop straws, then put the crop straws into a crusher for crushing. Subsequently, mix the crushed straws with rice husks and place them in a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis carbonization treatment at 400°C for 4 h to generate solid biochar.

[0031] Step 2: Activate Trichoderma, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum and hymexazol respectively, and then conduct large-scale cultivation until the viable bacteria content reaches 100 million / mL. Centrifuge to obtain the supernatant bacterial liquid, mix the bacterial liquids and freeze-dry them to obtain bioactive bacterial powder.

[0032] Step 3: First, mix and stir methylene naphthalene sulfonic acid, sodium alginate and the auxiliary agent in proportion, then add 5 times the mass of water for dissolution and mixing. Subsequently, add the modified biochar for mixing and stirring, and then use a homogenizer for homogenization treatment to obtain an auxiliary material slurry.

[0033] Step 4: Add the auxiliary material slurry into a blender, then add the bioactive bacterial powder into the auxiliary material slurry and mix and stir well. Subsequently, add it into a homogenizer for homogenization treatment to obtain the finished coating agent.

[0034] Preheat the blender to 40°C before use, then add the auxiliary material slurry and keep stirring at 40°C for 30 min. Subsequently, cool down to 34°C and stir for 20 min. Finally, add the bioactive bacterial powder for thorough mixing.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] This example provides a seed coating agent for preventing and controlling peanut root rot, which is prepared by mixing Trichoderma, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum, hymexazol, modified biochar, calcium lignosulfonate, film coating agent, auxiliary agent and water according to the mass percentages of 8%:8%:10%:8%:25%:6%:18%:7%:10%. The modified biochar is prepared by mixing biochar, cellulase and nutrient solution. The nutrient solution is an aqueous solution made of potassium nitrate and potassium polyphosphate. The film coating agent is prepared by mixing cellulose and sodium hyaluronate according to the mass percentage of 45%:55%.

[0037] The mixing weight ratio of biochar, cellulase and nutrient solution is 72 parts:8 parts:20 parts; the molar ratio of potassium element and phosphorus element in the nutrient solution is 2:1.

[0038] The auxiliary agent is prepared by mixing Pickering emulsion stabilizer and Disperse Brilliant Red in a mass percentage of 65%:35%.

[0039] As shown in the attached Figure 1 of the specification, the preparation method of the above coating agent includes:

[0040] Step 1: Prepare biochar by pyrolysis carbonization method, then crush and grind the biochar to obtain carbon powder. Then, mix potassium nitrate and potassium polyphosphate according to the molar ratio of potassium element and phosphorus element of 2:1 and dissolve them in water to obtain a nutrient solution (the concentrations of potassium and phosphorus are 2M and 1M respectively). Mix the biochar, cellulase and nutrient solution to obtain a mixture. Finally, dry the mixture at 120°C for 60 min and then crush and grind it to obtain the modified biochar.

[0041] The biochar is prepared by carbonizing rice husks and crop straws. Specifically, first dry the rice husks and crop straws, then put the crop straws into a crusher for crushing. Subsequently, mix the crushed straws with rice husks and place them in a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis carbonization treatment at 400°C to generate solid biochar.

[0042] Step 2: activating Trichoderma, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum and benomyl, and then expanding the culture until the viable bacteria content reaches 100 million / mL, centrifuging to obtain the supernatant, mixing the bacterial solutions and freeze-drying to obtain biologically active bacterial powder;

[0043] Step 3: First, mix cellulose and sodium hyaluronate in a ratio of 45%:55% by mass to form a coating agent, then mix calcium lignin sulfonate, the coating agent and the auxiliary agent in proportion, then add 5 times the mass of water to dissolve and mix, then add modified biochar to mix and stir, and then use a homogenizer to homogenize to obtain an auxiliary material slurry.

[0044] Step 4: Add the auxiliary material slurry into a mixer, then add the biologically active bacterial powder into the auxiliary material slurry and mix and stir thoroughly, then add it into a homogenizer for homogenization to obtain a finished coating agent;

[0045] The mixer was preheated to 40°C before use, and then the auxiliary material slurry was added and stirred at 40°C for 20 to 30 minutes, then the temperature was lowered to 34°C and stirred for 15 to 20 minutes, and finally the biologically active bacterial powder was added and mixed thoroughly.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] This embodiment provides a seed coating agent for preventing and controlling peanut root rot and a traditional coating agent for field implementation experiment, as follows:

[0048] First, soak the same peanut seeds in water for later use, then treat equal amounts of peanut seeds with the coating agents of Examples 1 and 2 of the present application at a rate of FS120 g ai / 100 kg of seeds and with the traditional commercially available coating agent 25% thiamethoxam at a rate of FS150 g a.i. / 100 kg of seeds, then carry out a field planting experiment on the two groups of treated peanut seeds, and at the same time plant a group of peanut seeds without any treatment, during which the soil toxic residue and nutrient content in the pits during the germination and rooting period of the peanut seeds (Table 1 below) and the root rot control effect (Table 2 below) are recorded.

[0049] Table 1 Comparison of soil toxicity residues and nutrient content

[0050]

[0051]

[0052] Table 2 Effect of coating agent on the prevention and control of peanut seed root rot

[0053] Total number of fruits Number of diseased fruits Diseased fruit rate Control effect Example 1 155 8 5.16％ 91.33％ Example 2 158 6 3.79％ 93.12％ Purchased from the market 149 10 6.71％ 88.24％ No treatment 131 38 29.01％ /

[0054] As can be seen from Table 1 above, the coating agent of the embodiment of the present application has no harmful effect on the soil, and at the same time increases the content of soil organic matter and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. This is because the coating agent of the present application is prepared by using microbial bacteria, and the microbial bacteria increase the decomposition rate of organic matter in the soil, thereby increasing the content of soil organic matter. At the same time, the coating agent of the present application adds biochar adsorbed with a large amount of nutrients, which can be slowly released in the soil to provide nutrients for peanut seeds.

[0055] As can be seen from Table 2 above, the control effect of the coating agent of the present application on peanut root rot is much higher than that of the coating agent prepared by the chemical agents purchased on the traditional market. The continuous action of microorganisms increases the sterilization effect of the pathogenic bacteria of root rot, thereby improving the control effect.

[0056] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A seed coating agent for preventing and controlling peanut root rot, characterized in that: The method is prepared by mixing Trichoderma, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum, mesoxam, modified biochar, dispersant, coating agent, additive and water in a mass ratio of 5-8:5-8:8-10:5-8:25-30:4-6:15-18:5-8:10-15; the modified biochar is prepared by mixing biochar, cellulase and nutrient solution; the nutrient solution is an aqueous solution made of potassium salt and phosphate salt.

2. A seed coating agent for preventing and controlling peanut root rot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dispersant is one of methylenenaphthalate sulfonic acid, sodium oleyl methylaminoethyl sulfonate, calcium lignin sulfonate and sodium lignin sulfonate; the coating agent is one or more of sodium alginate, pectin, cellulose, xanthan gum and sodium hyaluronate.

3. The seed coating agent for preventing and controlling peanut root rot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the biochar, cellulase and nutrient solution is 65-75:5-8:15-20; the molar ratio of potassium element to phosphorus element in the nutrient solution is 2:

1.

4. A seed coating agent for preventing and controlling peanut root rot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary agent is prepared by mixing a stabilizer and a pigment in a mass ratio of 60-65:30-40, the stabilizer is one of an amphiphilic chitosan colloid stabilizer and a Pickering emulsion stabilizer, and the pigment is one of acid scarlet, acid fuchsin and disperse brilliant red.

5. The seed coating agent for preventing and controlling peanut root rot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the coating agent comprises: Step 1, preparing biochar by pyrolysis and carbonization, then crushing and grinding the biochar to obtain carbon powder, then mixing potassium salt and phosphate salt and dissolving them in water to obtain nutrient solution, mixing the biochar, cellulase and nutrient solution to obtain a mixture, and finally drying the mixture and crushing and grinding it to obtain modified biochar; Step 2: activating Trichoderma, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum and mexamethylenetetramine, and then expanding the culture, and then mixing the bacterial solutions and freeze-drying them to obtain biologically active bacterial powder; Step 3: firstly mix the dispersant, the coating agent and the auxiliary agent in proportion, then add water to dissolve and mix, and then add the modified biochar to mix and stir to obtain auxiliary material slurry; Step 4: Add the auxiliary material slurry into a mixer, then add the biologically active bacterial powder into the auxiliary material slurry and mix and stir thoroughly, then add it into a homogenizer for homogenization to obtain a finished coating agent.

6. The method for preparing a seed coating agent for preventing and controlling peanut root rot according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step 1, the biochar is prepared by carbonizing rice husks and crop straws. Specifically, the rice husks and crop straws are first dried in the sun, and then the crop straws are put into a grinder for crushing. Subsequently, the crushed straws and rice husks are mixed and placed in a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis and carbonization treatment at 350-400° C. to obtain solid biochar.

7. The method for preparing a seed coating agent for preventing and controlling peanut root rot according to claim 5, characterized in that: The potassium salt used in preparing the nutrient solution in step 1 is one of potassium chloride, potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate; the phosphate salt is one of superphosphate, ammonium polyphosphate and potassium polyphosphate; and the drying condition of the mixture is drying at 120-160° C. for 40-60 minutes.

8. The method for preparing a seed coating agent for preventing and controlling peanut root rot according to claim 5, characterized in that: After adding the modified biochar and mixing and stirring in step three, the step of using a homogenizer for homogenization is also included.

9. The method for preparing a seed coating agent for preventing and controlling peanut root rot according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step 4, the mixer is first preheated to 40° C., and then the auxiliary material slurry is added and stirred at 40° C. for 20 to 30 minutes, then the temperature is lowered to 34° C. and stirred for 15 to 20 minutes, and finally the biologically active bacterial powder is added and fully mixed.

Images