Preparation method for producing organic carbon nutrient liquid fertilizer from traditional Chinese medicine residue, kitchen waste and tobacco powder

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method for producing an organic carbon nutrient liquid fertilizer from traditional Chinese medicine residue and kitchen waste tobacco powder, which comprises the following steps: firstly, enabling the mixing ratio of traditional Chinese medicine residue, flue-cured tobacco powder and kitchen waste, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of raw materials and the moisture content to reach the optimal state of grinding and subsequent fermentation; then, definite requirements are provided for the volume, the storage quantity, the indoor temperature, the types and the adding quantity of fermentation microbial agents and enzyme agents, the fermentation time, the stirring frequency, the PH value and the like of a slurry fermentation tank; finally, proper trace elements are added according to different purposes. The prepared product can be widely applied to crops such as apples, pears, peaches, kiwi fruits, cherries, vegetables, watermelons, Hami melons, cucumbers, traditional Chinese medicinal materials and the like, and is an effective fertilizer for saline-alkali soil treatment and soil improvement according to the characteristic of obvious slight acidity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for treating traditional Chinese medicine residues, kitchen waste and tobacco dust, and particularly to a method for preparing an organic carbon nutrient liquid fertilizer from traditional Chinese medicine residues, kitchen waste and tobacco dust. Background Art

[0005] At present, the disposal methods for traditional Chinese medicine residues mainly include stacking and landfilling, and there are also enterprises producing organic fertilizers with the residues;

[0006] Kitchen waste residues are mainly dumped and landfilled, and some enterprises breed black soldier flies with kitchen waste, but the usage is not large;

[0007] In order to prevent the outflow of waste tobacco dust from the tobacco re-drying factory and be used by illegal persons to manufacture fake cigarettes, enterprises adopt methods such as stacking and fermenting with water added in the factory for landfilling or selling to designated units for producing nicotine or traditional organic fertilizers for treatment.

[0008] These above-mentioned extensive and low-value treatment methods cause certain resource waste and environmental pollution.

[0009] In the prior art, good results have been achieved in the high-value utilization technology of producing carbon-based nutrient liquid fertilizers by using enzyme catalysis, biocatalysis and microbial transformation technologies for compound traditional Chinese medicine residues, tobacco dust and kitchen waste.

[0010] Defects and deficiencies of the prior art:

[0011] After traditional Chinese medicine pharmaceutical enterprises carry out high-temperature and high-pressure boiling on traditional Chinese medicine and then carry out solid-liquid separation, the residues are no longer used as waste, but the wastewater generated during the cleaning of the medicine tanks is mixed with the residues, resulting in the water content of the residues being about 60%. When directly fermenting and composting, the water content seriously exceeds the standard, water flows out during stacking, and dripping will also occur during transportation. The fermentation time for producing solid organic fertilizers by the stacking fermentation method is long, the selling price is relatively low, and the profit space for enterprises is not large.

[0012] Some enterprises cooperate with universities and research institutes and adopt high-temperature and high-pressure cracking technology to crack the lignin cellulose macromolecules of the residues into carbon-based small molecule nutrient solutions. Although this technology has been successful, a large amount of energy such as electricity, natural gas and steam is consumed during the high-temperature and high-pressure cracking process, the production process is complex, the equipment investment cost is high (generally about 20 million yuan), enterprises need to build their own boilers, increase the capacity of the power system, and connect to the natural gas pipeline network, etc. The high operation cost of enterprises leads to low investment enthusiasm.

[0013] In view of this, the present invention is specifically proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0014] The object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of organic carbon nutrient liquid fertilizer from Chinese medicine residues, kitchen waste and tobacco dust, so as to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0015] The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0016] The preparation method of organic carbon nutrient liquid fertilizer from Chinese medicine residues, kitchen waste and tobacco dust of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0017] 1) Take 80% of compound Chinese medicine residues, 15% of kitchen waste residues, and 5% of flue-cured tobacco dust for mixing and stirring, while spraying water during stirring to make the ratio of the mixed material to water 1:0.5, and then send the high-moisture medicinal residue and kitchen waste residue mixture into a high-concentration pulping machine through a screw conveyor;

[0018] 2) Send the slurry output by the pulping machine into several fermentation tanks with a temperature of 50 °C in the sunlight greenhouse in batches through a screw conveyor;

[0019] 3) Add acidic cellulase, xylanase of Trichoderma, microbial fermentation agent, and molasses into the fermentation tank, stir evenly, ferment at 50 °C for 120 hours, and stir once every 3 hours;

[0020] 4) Starting from the 6th day, carry out solid-liquid separation on the slurry in the fermentation tank through a plate and frame filter press, store the liquid in a ton barrel and continue aging fermentation in the sunlight greenhouse, and bag and store the solid medicinal mud cake as solid organic fertilizer;

[0021] 5) For the liquid carbon-based fertilizer that continues to age-ferment in the ton barrel, blend plant-specific fertilizer or soil conditioner as needed, and add useful elements according to the required ratio.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of organic carbon nutrient liquid fertilizer from Chinese medicine residues, kitchen waste and tobacco dust provided by the present invention uses Chinese medicine residues, kitchen waste and tobacco dust to produce organic carbon nutrient liquid fertilizer. The prepared organic carbon nutrient liquid fertilizer is rich in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, humic acid, protein and other trace elements that can be directly absorbed and utilized by plants, has an obvious inhibitory effect on plant diseases and pests, has excellent fertilizer stability, does not contain harmful components such as heavy metals and chemical synthetic materials, and fully meets the environmental protection requirements. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 It is a process schematic diagram of the preparation method of organic carbon nutrient liquid fertilizer from Chinese medicine residues, kitchen waste and tobacco dust provided by the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0024] The following clearly and completely describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments, which does not constitute a limitation to the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] First, the following explanations are given for the terms that may be used in this article:

[0026] Descriptions with semantic meanings such as "including", "comprising", "containing", "having" or other similar ones should be interpreted as non-exclusive inclusion.

[0027] The content not described in detail in the embodiments of the present invention belongs to the well-known prior art of those skilled in the art. For those not specified in the embodiments of the present invention, they are carried out according to the conventional conditions in the art or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. For the reagents or instruments not specified in the embodiments of the present invention for the manufacturer, they are all conventional products that can be obtained through commercial purchase.

[0028] The preparation method of the organic carbon nutrient liquid fertilizer produced from Chinese medicine residues, kitchen waste, and tobacco dust of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0029] 1) Take 80% of compound Chinese medicine residues, 15% of kitchen waste residues, and 5% of flue-cured tobacco dust for mixing and stirring, spraying water while stirring to make the ratio of the mixed material to water 1:0.5, and then send the high-moisture medicine residue and kitchen waste residue mixture into a high-concentration pulping machine through a screw conveyor;

[0030] 2) Send the slurry output from the pulping machine into several fermentation tanks with a temperature of 50 degrees Celsius in the sun room in batches through a screw conveyor;

[0031] 3) Add acidic cellulase, Trichoderma xylanase, microbial fermentation agent, and molasses into the fermentation tank, stir evenly, ferment at 50 degrees Celsius for 120 hours, and stir once every 3 hours;

[0032] 4) Starting from the 6th day, carry out solid-liquid separation on the slurry in the fermentation tank through a plate and frame filter press. The liquid is stored in a ton barrel and continues to be aged and fermented in the sun room, and the solid medicine mud cake is bagged and stored as solid organic fertilizer;

[0033] 5) For the liquid organic fertilizer that continues to be aged and fermented in the ton barrel, blend plant-specific fertilizers or soil conditioners as needed, and add useful elements according to the required ratio.

[0034] In step 1): For the Chinese medicine residues produced by the pharmaceutical enterprise using the alcohol extraction process, first dry them in an open area for one week to allow the alcohol components to fully volatilize, and then enter the mixing and grinding process.

[0035] For the Chinese medicine residues after alcohol extraction and sun drying, soak them in water before mixing and stirring to make their water content reach 60%.

[0036] In the step 2): the volume of the fermentation tank is 20 cubic meters, each fermentation tank stores 18 cubic meters of slurry, and the remaining space is used for adding fermentation inoculants and enzyme solutions, and for preventing the explosion of the gas generated during the fermentation process.

[0037] In the step 3): add 0.5 kg of acidic cellulase, 0.5 kg of xylanase from Trichoderma, 1 kg of microbial fermentation inoculant, and 5 kg of molasses per cubic meter of slurry in the fermentation tank, and stir well.

[0038] The microbial fermentation inoculant includes any one or more of the following: Bacillus, yeast, Aspergillus, Lactobacillus, Actinomycetes, Photosynthetic bacteria.

[0039] In the step 4): the pH value of the liquid stored in the ton barrel and continuously aging and fermenting in the sun room is 7.

[0040] The water content of the Chinese medicine residues is 60%, and the water content of the kitchen waste residues is 70%.

[0041] The prepared organic carbon nutrient liquid fertilizer has an organic carbon content ≥ 20%.

[0042] In summary, the preparation method of the organic carbon nutrient liquid fertilizer produced from Chinese medicine residues, kitchen waste, and tobacco dust in the embodiments of the present invention, which is a preparation method for producing organic carbon nutrient liquid fertilizer using Chinese medicine residues, kitchen waste, and flue-cured tobacco dust. First, make the mixing ratio of Chinese medicine residues, flue-cured tobacco dust, and kitchen waste, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the raw materials, and the water content reach the optimal state for grinding and subsequent fermentation. Secondly, put forward clear requirements for the volume of the slurry fermentation tank, the storage quantity, the indoor temperature, the types and addition quantities of fermentation inoculants and enzyme agents, the fermentation time, the stirring times, the pH value, etc. Finally, according to different uses, add appropriate trace elements. This product can be widely used for crops such as apples, pears, peaches, kiwifruits, cherries, vegetables, watermelons, honeydews, cucumbers, Chinese medicinal materials, etc. According to its obvious slightly acidic characteristics, it is also an effective fertilizer for saline-alkali land treatment and soil improvement.

[0043] In order to more clearly show the technical solutions provided by the present invention and the technical effects produced, the following uses specific embodiments to describe in detail what is provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] As Figure 1 shown:

[0046] Preparation method of organic carbon nutrient liquid fertilizer produced from Chinese medicine residues, food waste and flue-cured tobacco dust, comprising the following steps:

[0047] 1) Take 80% of compound Chinese medicine residues, 15% of food waste residues and 5% of flue-cured tobacco dust, mix and stir them, and spray water while stirring to make the ratio of the mixed material to water 1:0.5 (for the Chinese medicine residues after alcohol extraction and sun drying, they need to be soaked in water before mixing to make the water content reach about 60%). Then, send the high-moisture medicine residue and food waste residue mixture into a high-concentration pulping machine through a screw conveyor;

[0048] Special attention: The Chinese medicine residues produced by pharmaceutical enterprises using the alcohol extraction process must be sun dried in an open area for about a week to fully volatilize the alcohol components before entering the mixing and grinding process.

[0049] 2) Send the slurry output from the pulping machine into several fermentation tanks with a temperature of about 50 degrees Celsius in the sun room in batches through a screw conveyor (the volume of each fermentation tank is 20 cubic meters, each fermentation tank stores 18 cubic meters of slurry, and the remaining space is for adding fermentation inoculants and enzyme solutions, and secondly, a certain amount of gas will be generated during the fermentation process to prevent explosion of the tank);

[0050] 3) Add acidic cellulase (0.5 kg per cubic meter of slurry per tank), xylanase of Trichoderma (0.5 kg per cubic meter of slurry per tank), microbial fermentation inoculant (including Bacillus, yeast, Aspergillus, Lactobacillus, Actinomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, etc., 1 kg per cubic meter of slurry per tank), molasses (5 kg per cubic meter of slurry per tank, melted with the liquid in the tank) into the fermentation tank, stir evenly, ferment at about 50 degrees Celsius for 120 hours, and stir once every 3 hours.

[0051] 4) Starting from the 6th day, carry out solid-liquid separation on the slurry in the fermentation tank through a plate and frame filter press. The liquid is stored in a ton barrel and continues to be aged and fermented in the sun room (pH value is about 7), and the solid medicine mud cake is bagged and stored as solid organic fertilizer.

[0052] 5) If it is necessary to blend fertilizers such as plant special fertilizers and soil conditioners, add other useful elements according to the ratio.

[0053] The organic carbon nutrient liquid fertilizer prepared by the method of the present invention using compound Chinese medicine residues, rich food waste and flue-cured tobacco dust is rich in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, humic acid, protein and other trace elements that can be directly absorbed and utilized by plants, has an obvious inhibitory effect on plant diseases and pests, has excellent fertilizer stability, does not contain harmful components such as heavy metals and chemical synthetic materials, and fully meets the environmental protection requirements.

[0054] According to tests, the organic carbon nutrient liquid fertilizer produced by this production process has an organic carbon content of ≥20% (traditional organic fertilizers only have 5%-10%), soil organic matter increased by 20%, apple sugar content increased by 2 degrees, pesticide residues reduced by 40%, and fertilizer efficiency increased by 3-5 times. By applying organic carbon nutrient liquid fertilizer to economic crops such as apples, pears, peaches in Qianxian County, kiwifruit in Wugong County, Chinese medicinal materials in Liquan County, and greenhouse vegetables in Jingyang County, the use of chemical fertilizers can be reduced by 30%-50%, and crop yields can be increased by 15%-25%. According to calculations, each ton of Chinese medicine waste processed can reduce CO2 emissions by 0.6 tons.

[0055] The present invention discloses a method for producing organic carbon nutrient liquid fertilizer by using compound Chinese medicine residue, restaurant kitchen waste and flue-cured tobacco dust. The raw material components and dosages are as follows:

[0056] 80% of Chinese medicinal residue with a water content of about 60%, 15% of restaurant kitchen waste residue with a water content of about 70%, and 5% of discarded tobacco dust from a flue-cured tobacco redrying plant are mixed and stirred, and water is sprayed while stirring to make the weight of the mixed material and the mixed water reach 1:0.5. The fermentation tank is placed in a sun room with an indoor temperature of about 50 degrees Celsius. There are several fermentation container tanks, each with a volume of 20 cubic meters, and the fermentation slurry accounts for 18 cubic meters. Acid cellulase (0.5 kg per cubic meter of each tank), xylanase (0.5 kg per cubic meter of each tank), microbial fermentation agent (including bacillus, yeast, Aspergillus, lactic acid bacteria, actinomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, etc., 1 kg per cubic meter of each tank), and molasses (5 kg per cubic meter of each tank, melted with the liquid in the tank) are added to the fermentation tank, and the mixture is fully stirred and fermented for 120 hours at about 50 degrees Celsius, and stirred once every 3 hours. Starting from the 6th day, the slurry in the fermentation tank is separated into solid and liquid by a plate and frame filter press. The liquid is stored in a ton barrel and continues to be aged and fermented in the sun room (the pH value is about 7). The solid medicinal mud cake is bagged and stored as solid organic fertilizer.

[0057] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims. The information disclosed in the background technology section of this article is only intended to deepen the understanding of the overall background technology of the present invention, and should not be regarded as an admission or in any form that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for preparing organic carbon nutrient liquid fertilizer from Chinese medicine residues, kitchen waste and cigarette dust, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) 80% of compound Chinese medicine residue, 15% of kitchen waste and 5% of flue-cured tobacco dust are mixed and stirred, and water is sprayed while stirring to make the ratio of the mixed material to water be 1:0.5, and then the high-moisture mixture of medicine residue and kitchen waste is sent to a high-concentration refiner through a screw conveyor; 2) The pulp output from the refiner is sent in batches into several fermentation tanks in the sun room at a temperature of 50 degrees Celsius through a screw conveyor; 3) Add acid cellulase, xylanase, microbial fermentation agent and molasses into the fermentation tank, stir well, and ferment for 120 hours at 50 degrees Celsius, stirring once every 3 hours; 4) From the 6th day, the slurry in the fermentation tank is separated into solid and liquid by a plate and frame filter press, the liquid is stored in a ton barrel and continues to be aged and fermented in a sun room, and the solid medicine mud cake is bagged and stored as solid organic fertilizer; 5) For the liquid fertilizer that continues to age and ferment in the barrel, blend it with plant-specific fertilizer or soil conditioner as needed, and add useful elements in the required proportion.

2. The method for preparing organic carbon nutrient liquid fertilizer from traditional Chinese medicine residues, kitchen waste and cigarette dust according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1), the Chinese medicine residues produced by the alcohol extraction process of pharmaceutical companies are first dried in an open area for a week to allow the alcohol components to fully evaporate before entering the mixing and grinding stage.

3. The method for preparing organic carbon nutrient liquid fertilizer from traditional Chinese medicine residues, kitchen waste and cigarette dust according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step 1), the Chinese medicinal residue after alcohol extraction and sun-drying is first soaked in water before mixing with other materials, so that the water content reaches 60%.

4. The method for preparing organic carbon nutrient liquid fertilizer from traditional Chinese medicine residues, kitchen waste and cigarette dust according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2), the volume of the fermentation tank is 20 cubic meters, and each fermentation tank stores 18 cubic meters of slurry. The remaining space is used to add fermentation bacteria and enzyme solution and to prevent the gas generated during the fermentation process from exploding.

5. The method for preparing carbon-based fertilizer from Chinese medicine residues, kitchen waste and cigarette dust according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the step 3), 0.5 kg of acid cellulase, 0.5 kg of xylanase, 1 kg of microbial fermentation agent and 5 kg of molasses are added into the fermentation tank per cubic meter of slurry, and the mixture is stirred evenly.

6. The method for preparing organic carbon nutrient liquid fertilizer from traditional Chinese medicine residues, kitchen waste and cigarette dust according to claim 5, characterized in that: The microbial fermentation agent includes any one or more of the following: Bacillus, yeast, Aspergillus, lactic acid bacteria, actinomycetes, and photosynthetic bacteria.

7. The method for preparing organic carbon nutrient liquid fertilizer from traditional Chinese medicine residues, kitchen waste and cigarette dust according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step 4), the pH value of the liquid stored in a ton barrel and continued to be aged and fermented in a sun room is 7.

8. The method for preparing organic carbon nutrient liquid fertilizer from traditional Chinese medicine residues, kitchen waste and cigarette dust according to claim 7, characterized in that: The water content of the traditional Chinese medicine residue is 60%, and the water content of the kitchen waste residue is 70%.

9. The method for preparing organic carbon nutrient liquid fertilizer from traditional Chinese medicine residues, kitchen waste and cigarette dust according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The organic carbon content of the prepared organic carbon nutrient liquid fertilizer is ≥20%.

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