Three-legged pile anti-scouring system suitable for multidirectional ocean current

Abstract

The invention relates to a three-legged pile anti-scouring system suitable for multidirectional ocean currents. The three-legged pile anti-scouring system comprises at least one apron board supporting mechanism, and each apron board supporting mechanism is arranged on one pile foundation body of a three-legged pile in a covering mode; the apron board supporting mechanism comprises a plurality of arc-shaped baffles, the arc-shaped baffles are distributed around the pile foundation body, and the adjacent arc-shaped baffles are tightly spliced to form a through conical structure. A plurality of horizontal annular reinforcing rings are arranged outside the conical structure along the arc-shaped surface, a notch is formed in the position, close to the bottom, of the arc-shaped baffle, and a flaring circular truncated cone is arranged at the top of the conical structure; a rotating ring is installed in the conical structure and movably arranged on the pile foundation body in a sleeving mode, a plurality of through holes are evenly formed in the rotating ring along the annular circumference, and a plurality of upper inclined pieces and a plurality of lower inclined pieces are installed on the surface and the bottom face of the rotating ring respectively. Enough horizontal bearing capacity can be provided, displacement of a pile body is reduced, meanwhile, scouring of waves and ocean currents to soil around the pile can be avoided, and safe and stable operation of an upper mechanism is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a three-leg pile anti-scouring system applicable to multi-directional ocean currents, and relates to the technical field of ocean engineering foundations. Background Art

[0002] Ocean engineering foundations are key components of ocean engineering projects, referring to structures or systems that support and fix various ocean structures, such as platforms, wind turbines, docks, etc. on the seabed. Its purpose is to provide stability and bearing capacity to resist various forces in the ocean environment, such as waves, tides, winds, and earthquakes, to ensure that the structures can operate safely and stably. Ocean foundations are usually exposed to complex ocean environments, and they need to withstand huge water pressures and the influence of multi-directional ocean currents. If the ocean foundations are not effectively protected, they will be continuously scoured and worn by the ocean currents, and the surrounding soil will also be severely scoured, which will cause structural damage to the foundation, resulting in significant economic losses and environmental pollution.

[0003] Therefore, in order to ensure the safety and reliability of ocean foundations, measures must be taken to prevent ocean foundations from being affected by scouring. Currently, common methods in engineering include the rock throwing method, setting up partitions, ecological protection, etc. The rock throwing method has a large amount of installation work, is easy to damage the main structure of the wind turbine, and it is difficult to recycle the thrown rocks, which affects the environment. Moreover, the thrown rocks need to be maintained later, and there is a risk of secondary scouring. Setting up partitions is greatly affected by the rapid changes in the seabed environment. With the change of geological conditions, it will greatly affect the stability of the anti-scouring device, thus increasing the risk of damage to ocean infrastructure. Ecological protection is affected by complex seabed conditions, marine organisms, etc. The survival rate and growth rate may be low, and it is difficult to provide effective protection in a short time. Moreover, maintaining and restoring the grass-planting area also requires continuous investment, and the long-term cost is relatively high.

[0004] At the same time, existing anti-scouring devices mostly focus on the design of single-direction ocean currents and fail to comprehensively address the scouring problems brought by multi-directional ocean currents. In addition, when traditional single-pile anti-scouring schemes are applied to three-leg pile structures, it is difficult to evenly cover the entire foundation, and there are dead corners in the protection area, which affects the overall protection effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a three-leg pile anti-scouring system applicable to multi-directional ocean currents, which can not only provide sufficient horizontal bearing capacity, reduce the displacement of the pile body, but also avoid the scouring of the soil around the pile by waves and ocean currents, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the upper mechanism.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:

[0007] A three-leg pile anti-scouring system applicable to multi-directional ocean currents includes at least one skirt support mechanism, and each of the skirt support mechanisms covers one of the pile bodies of the three-leg pile.

[0008] The skirt plate support mechanism includes a number of arc-shaped baffles, which are distributed around the pile foundation body. The adjacent arc-shaped baffles are closely spliced to form a through conical structure;

[0009] A number of horizontal annular stiffening rings are arranged along the arc surface outside the conical structure. Notches are provided at the positions of the arc-shaped baffles close to the bottom, and a flared frustum is arranged at the top of the conical structure;

[0010] A rotating ring is installed inside the conical structure. The rotating ring is movably sleeved on the pile foundation body. A number of through holes are evenly opened along the annular circumference on the rotating ring. A number of upper inclined pieces and lower inclined pieces are respectively installed on the surface and the bottom surface of the rotating ring. When the flowing sediment enters the inside of the skirt plate support mechanism through the flared frustum along with the ocean current, the ocean current drives the rotating ring to rotate inside the conical structure, and the sediment flows from the through hole part towards the seabed direction and is discharged to the outside through the notch;

[0011] It also includes a fixing mechanism, which is installed at the bottom end of the skirt plate support mechanism. The pile foundation body sequentially penetrates through the skirt plate support mechanism and the fixing mechanism and is inserted into the seabed. Similarly, the fixing mechanism is fixed in the seabed;

[0012] Furthermore, assuming that the height of the conical structure in the vertical direction, i.e., the Z direction, is H b , then R c is the radian radius of the conical structure in the Z plane, i.e., the bending radius, and L h is the horizontal projection diameter of the conical structure, and L h = 1.5D, and R c = 1.5D, where D is the diameter of the pile foundation body;

[0013] Furthermore, two horizontal annular stiffening rings are arranged outside the conical structure, which are respectively defined as the upper stiffening ring and the lower stiffening ring. The upper stiffening ring is close to the top of the conical structure, and the lower stiffening ring is close to the bottom of the conical structure;

[0014] Assuming that the height of the conical structure in the vertical direction, i.e., the Z direction, is H b , the height of the upper stiffening ring in the Z direction is H1, and the height of the lower stiffening ring in the Z direction is H2, then H1 = 0.6H b , and H2 = 0.3H b ;

[0015] Furthermore, assuming that the number of through holes opened on the rotating ring is N, then Q is the total drainage flow rate, and A holes is the area of the through hole, and v z is the flow velocity in the vertical direction. Among them, v z takes 3 - 5v s , g is the acceleration due to gravity, and ρs is the sediment density, ρ f is the water density, D s is the sediment particle size, and μ is the hydrodynamic viscosity of water;

[0016] Furthermore, for the through hole, its main body is a rectangle, and two short sides of the rectangle bulge outwards to form semi - circles, and the center line of the through hole converges at the center point of the rotating ring after extension;

[0017] Furthermore, define the inclination angle of the upper inclined plate as θ1 and the inclination angle of the lower inclined plate as θ2, then v out = v in ·cos(θ), where v out is the adjusted sediment flow velocity, v in is the original sediment flow velocity, θ is the inclination angle, and θ is θ1 or θ2;

[0018] Furthermore, the fixing mechanism is an earth - entering plate that matches the circumferential size of the bottom of the conical structure of the skirt - plate support mechanism;

[0019] Furthermore, a number of plug - in blocks are fixedly installed at equal distances on one side of the arc - shaped baffle, and a number of plug - in slots are opened at equal distances on the other side. When two adjacent arc - shaped baffles are spliced, the plug - in blocks are embedded in the matching plug - in slots, and after the adjacent arc - shaped baffles are fixedly connected, they are fixedly installed on the sealing plate;

[0020] Furthermore, a lateral protection mechanism is arranged at a position of each skirt - plate support mechanism far from the pile foundation body, and it is fixed to the pile foundation body through a mounting plate; the lateral protection mechanism includes a buffer component, a flow - disturbing component, and an anti - collision component,

[0021] The anti - collision component includes a top plate, a number of support rods, and a bottom plate. A number of support rods are evenly installed between the top plate and the bottom plate, forming a space for installing the buffer component and the flow - disturbing component between the top plate and the bottom plate; the surface of the top plate is fixedly attached to the bottom surface of the mounting plate;

[0022] The buffer component includes a rotating shaft, an outer rotating tube, and a number of buffer blades. The outer rotating tube is sleeved outside the rotating shaft, and a number of buffer blades are evenly arranged around the circumference of the outer rotating tube. One end of the rotating shaft passes through the center of the top plate and is vertically connected to the center of the bottom surface of the mounting plate;

[0023] The flow - disturbing component includes a number of flow - disturbing plates, an anti - erosion plate, a blocking plate, and a retaining ring. The blocking plate is installed on the surface of the bottom plate. The other end of the rotating shaft extends out of the outer rotating tube and passes through the blocking plate and is fixed to the center of the bottom plate. The anti - erosion plate is in an inverted conical shape, and its smaller - diameter opening end is adjacent to the blocking plate, and its larger - diameter opening end is adjacent to the buffer blades. A retaining ring is installed around the circumference of the larger - diameter end of the anti - erosion plate, and a number of support rods pass through the skirt of the retaining ring; a number of flow - disturbing plates are evenly arranged along the circumference on the rotating shaft in the conical space of the anti - erosion plate.

[0024] Through the above technical solutions, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The tripod pile anti-scour system applicable to multi-directional ocean currents provided by the present invention has a conical structure formed by arc-shaped baffles for its skirt support mechanism, which can disperse the direct impact of ocean currents on the pile foundation, reduce local scour, and protect the pile foundation structure; the rotating ring designed within the conical structure rotates under the drive of ocean currents, and sediment flows to the seabed through the through holes, which helps to form natural sedimentation around the pile foundation and enhance the stability of the pile foundation; the combination of the conical structure and the rotating ring enables the system to adapt to ocean currents in different directions, maintain the protection effect, and be applicable to complex marine environments;

[0026] 2. The tripod pile anti-scour system applicable to multi-directional ocean currents provided by the present invention has a horizontal annular reinforcing ring designed on the outside for its skirt support mechanism, which further improves the overall strength of the skirt support mechanism, enables it to better resist the impact of ocean currents and waves, and extends the service life;

[0027] 3. The tripod pile anti-scour system applicable to multi-directional ocean currents provided by the present invention firmly fixes the skirt support mechanism and the pile foundation in the seabed through a fixing mechanism, preventing displacement or inclination caused by the action of ocean currents or waves, and ensuring the stability of the overall structure;

[0028] 4. The self-adjustment and stability of the tripod pile anti-scour system applicable to multi-directional ocean currents provided by the present invention reduce the maintenance frequency and cost, making it suitable for long-term application in ocean engineering. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0030] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the tripod pile anti-scour system applicable to multi-directional ocean currents provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the skirt support mechanism and the fixing mechanism in the tripod pile anti-scour system applicable to multi-directional ocean currents provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 is the cross-sectional view of the skirt support mechanism in the tripod pile anti-scour system applicable to multi-directional ocean currents provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the rotating ring in the tripod pile anti-scour system applicable to multi-directional ocean currents provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the outer protection mechanism in the three-legged pile anti-erosion system applicable to multi-directional ocean currents provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structures of the buffer assembly and the flow disturbance assembly in the three-legged pile anti-erosion system applicable to multi-directional ocean currents provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the anti-collision assembly in the three-legged pile anti-erosion system applicable to multi-directional ocean currents provided by the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1 is the pile basic body;

[0038] 2 is the skirt plate support mechanism, 21 is the arc-shaped baffle, 211 is the plug-in block, 212 is the plug-in groove, 22 is the sealing disk, 23 is the rotating ring, 231 is the through hole, 232 is the upper inclined piece, 233 is the lower inclined piece, 24 is the horizontal annular reinforcing ring, 25 is the flared frustum, 26 is the notch;

[0039] 3 is the fixing mechanism;

[0040] 4 is the outer protection mechanism, 41 is the mounting plate, 42 is the buffer assembly, 421 is the rotating shaft, 422 is the outer rotating tube, 423 is the buffer blade, 43 is the flow disturbance assembly, 431 is the flow disturbance plate, 432 is the anti-erosion plate, 433 is the blocking plate, 434 is the protective ring, 44 is the anti-collision assembly, 441 is the top plate, 442 is the support rod, 443 is the bottom plate. Detailed implementation mode

[0041] Now, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "left side", "right side", "upper part", "lower part", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. "First", "second", etc. do not represent the importance of the components, so they cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. The specific dimensions adopted in this embodiment are only for illustrating the technical solution and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] To solve the related problems in the background art, the present application provides a tripod scour prevention system applicable to multi-directional ocean currents. The tripod scour prevention system includes at least one skirt support mechanism 2, and each skirt support mechanism covers one of the pile base bodies 1 of the tripod to reduce the direct scour of ocean currents on the pile base body and the adjacent soil. Regarding the number of skirt support mechanisms, in the ocean environment, the direction and intensity of ocean currents may vary depending on the location. Therefore, each pile base body of the tripod may face different ocean current impacts and scour situations. By setting at least one skirt support mechanism, the protection measures can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual ocean current conditions, and protection can be carried out based on the specific needs of each pile base body to ensure that each pile foundation can be effectively protected. Of course, if necessary, more skirt support mechanisms can be added later to adapt to environmental changes or enhance the protection effect and achieve a balance between economy and practicality.

[0043] Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the skirt support mechanism includes a number of arc-shaped baffles 21. The arc-shaped baffles are distributed around the pile base body, and adjacent arc-shaped baffles are closely spliced to form a through conical structure. On one side of the arc-shaped baffle, a number of plug-in blocks 211 are fixedly installed at equal distances, and on the other side, a number of plug-in slots 212 are opened at equal distances. When adjacent two arc-shaped baffles are spliced, the plug-in blocks are embedded in the matching plug-in slots to realize the fixed connection between adjacent arc-shaped baffles. During installation, align the plug-in blocks with the plug-in slots, then connect the arc-shaped baffles one by one, and finally fixedly install the arc-shaped baffles on the sealing plate 22.

[0044] A number of horizontal annular reinforcing rings 24 are arranged along the arc surface outside the conical structure. A notch 26 is provided at the position of the arc-shaped baffle close to the bottom, and a flared frustum 25 is arranged at the top of the conical structure. A rotating ring 23 is installed inside the conical structure. The rotating ring is movably sleeved on the pile base body. On the rotating ring, a number of through holes 231 are evenly opened along the annular circumference. A number of upper inclined pieces 232 and lower inclined pieces 233 are respectively installed on the surface and the bottom surface of the rotating ring. When the flowing sediment enters the inside of the skirt support mechanism through the flared frustum along with the ocean current, the ocean current drives the rotating ring to rotate inside the conical structure, and the sediment flows from the through holes towards the seabed direction and is discharged to the outside through the notch.

[0045] As an innovation point of the present application, the designs of the conical structure, the rotating ring and the horizontal annular reinforcing ring are all unique. Regarding the conical structure, as Figure 2 shown, assuming the height of the conical structure in the vertical direction, i.e., the Z direction, is H b , then R c is the radian radius, i.e., the bending radius, of the conical structure in the Z plane, and L h is the horizontal projection diameter of the conical structure, and L h = 1.5D, R c= 1.5D, where D is the diameter of the pile foundation body.

[0046] In the conical structure, the radius of curvature R of the arc-shaped baffle in the Z plane c Plays an important role in adjusting the water flow characteristics, including reducing the frontal impact force, guiding the fluid movement, reducing the vortex effect, and enhancing the structural stability. Theoretically, when the water flow impacts the baffle, its flow state is described by the Navier-Stokes equations and simplified to the Bernoulli equation:

[0047]

[0048] Where:

[0049] P: Hydrostatic pressure

[0050] v: Water flow velocity

[0051] ρ: Density of water (1000 kg / m 3 )

[0052] g: Acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m / s 2 )

[0053] h: Height of the water flow

[0054] For the design of the arc-shaped baffle, we assume that the initial velocity of the water flow is V0. The path length of the water flow on the arc-shaped baffle increases, causing its velocity to decrease and resulting in an increase in pressure. Due to the streamline curvature effect, the curvature κ of the baffle causes an additional centrifugal force effect, such that the pressure distribution when the water flow flows along the baffle surface satisfies:

[0055]

[0056] Where: R c Is the radius of curvature, that is, the radius of curvature of the arc-shaped baffle in the Z plane, and s is the arc length along the arc-shaped baffle.

[0057] When the water flow flows around the baffle, its pressure distribution is related to the curvature Obviously, when the radius of curvature R c Is too small, the arc-shaped baffle is similar to a flat plate, and the water flow directly impacts, resulting in a large pressure gradient; while when the radius of curvature is too large, the arc-shaped baffle bulges significantly, and strong vortices may be formed. Therefore, in order to ensure that the water flow can flow smoothly and no excessive low-pressure area is formed behind the baffle, causing vortex generation, this application limits R c = 1.5D, where D is the diameter of the pile foundation body. This limitation of the radius of curvature can balance the water flow guidance and vortex control, ensure that the baffle has sufficient coverage area to effectively block the impact of sediment and water flow, and at the same time, it will not be too long to cause unnecessary waste.

[0058] Furthermore, the height H of the conical structure in the vertical direction, i.e., the Z direction, is derived. b , that is L h is the horizontal projection diameter of the conical structure. Generally, L h = 1.5D.

[0059] Next, Figures 3 - 4 Shown is the design on the rotating ring. Regarding the through-hole, its main body is a rectangle, and the two short sides of the rectangle bulge outwards to form semi-circles, and the center line of the through-hole converges at the center point of the rotating ring after extension.

[0060] Since the movement of sediment particles in water satisfies:

[0061]

[0062] where:

[0063] Q s is the sediment transport flow rate (m 3 / s)

[0064] ρ f is the density of water (1000 kg / m 3 )

[0065] C d is the drag coefficient, which depends on the size of sediment particles and the flow velocity

[0066] A is the cross-sectional area of the through-hole

[0067] v is the flow velocity of water

[0068] D s is the sediment particle size

[0069] D f is the length of the through-hole.

[0070] The number of through-holes N is determined by the total length of the rotating ring and the arrangement pitch of each hole. Then Q is the total drainage flow rate, A holes is the through-hole area, v z is the flow velocity in the vertical direction.

[0071] According to the sediment transport equation, the number of through-holes should be able to provide sufficient drainage flow rate:

[0072]

[0073] The sediment settling velocity in water is calculated by the following formula:

[0074]

[0075] Wherein:

[0076] g = 9.81 m / s 2 (Acceleration due to gravity)

[0077] ρ s = 2650 kg / m 3 (Sediment density)

[0078] ρ f = 1000 kg / m 3 (Water density)

[0079] D s = 0.1 mm (Sediment particle size)

[0080] μ = 1.0×10 -3 Pa·s (Hydrodynamic viscosity).

[0081] To ensure that the sediment can pass through the through - hole smoothly, the vertical flow velocity v z needs to satisfy v z > v s , according to experience, v z is taken as 3 - 5v s . Then, after determining the through - hole area at the initial design, the number of through - holes can be obtained.

[0082] In the rotating ring, through the combined action of the through - hole, the upper inclined plate and the lower inclined plate, it is ensured that the sediment can flow smoothly and the fluidity is optimized. The role of the inclined plate in the rotating ring is to help the sediment flow downward and adjust its speed. Then, in addition to the reasonable arrangement of the through - hole, relevant settings also need to be made for the inclination angles of the upper inclined plate and the lower inclined plate. We assume that the inclination angle of the inclined plate will be automatically adjusted according to the speed of the ocean current to ensure good fluidity of the sediment at different flow velocities. Consider the influence of the inclined plate angle on the sediment flow velocity. The inclined plate plays a role similar to a "guide plate" in the water flow, and the reasonable setting of its inclination angle can optimize the flow velocity through the following formula:

[0083] v out = v in ·cos(θ)

[0084] Wherein:

[0085] v out is the adjusted sediment flow velocity

[0086] v in is the original sediment flow velocity

[0087] θ is the inclination angle of the upper inclined plate or the lower inclined plate.

[0088] If the inclination angle of the upper inclined plate is defined as θ1 and the inclination angle of the lower inclined plate is defined as θ2, then θ is θ1 or θ2.

[0089] In Figure 3 it can be clearly seen that several horizontal annular reinforcement rings are arranged along the arc surface outside the conical structure. Since the forces on the arc-shaped baffle mainly come from ocean current pressure, sediment impact and its own gravity, among which: the ocean current pressure will generate a bending moment on the baffle, the weight of the arc-shaped baffle itself and the underwater pressure may cause deformation, and local impact forces will be generated during the sediment flow, which may cause local deformation of the arc-shaped baffle; Therefore, dry horizontal annular reinforcement rings need to be set to provide additional support to prevent the baffle from deforming or failing under stress, thereby improving the overall anti-current ability.

[0090] Preferably, two horizontal annular reinforcement rings are arranged outside the conical structure in this application, which are respectively defined as the upper reinforcement ring and the lower reinforcement ring. The upper reinforcement ring is close to the top of the conical structure, and the lower reinforcement ring is close to the bottom of the conical structure. When determining the positions of the upper reinforcement ring and the lower reinforcement ring, it is necessary to analyze the force relationship of the arc-shaped baffle under the action of ocean currents. The bending deformation of the baffle can be approximately calculated by the cantilever beam model. Assuming that the hydrodynamic load on the baffle is F w , the total bending moment M acting on the baffle is calculated as follows:

[0091]

[0092] Among them, the ocean current pressure F w (z) can be approximately expressed as:

[0093]

[0094] Among them:

[0095] C d is the drag coefficient (selected as 1.5 according to the baffle)

[0096] ρ is the density of water (taken as 1025 kg / m 3 )

[0097] v is the ocean current speed (assumed to be 1.5 m / s)

[0098] A(z) is the local force area of the baffle, approximately L h ·dz

[0099] Substituting it in, we get

[0100] Obviously, the force condition of the arc-shaped baffle is also importantly related to the height of the conical structure in the vertical direction, that is, the Z direction. Since the maximum force point of the arc-shaped baffle under the action of ocean currents is usually at 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the height, that is: Therefore, the setting of the horizontal annular reinforcement ring needs to consider the following two key heights, namely, the upper reinforcement ring height H1, which is used to enhance the top rigidity and reduce the upper deformation; the lower reinforcement ring height H2, which is used to stabilize the bottom structure and improve the anti-scouring ability.

[0101] The actual deformation and stress of the arc baffle are also affected by factors such as water turbulence and fatigue. Therefore, the upper reinforcement ring H1 is selected to be slightly higher than the maximum bending moment point 0.6H b The position can enhance the rigidity and improve the flow resistance. At the same time, it can effectively reduce the top deformation and the swing amplitude of the baffle to make it more stable. And select the lower reinforcement ring H2 = 0.3H b , stabilize the bottom structure and provide additional support. That is, H1 = 0.6H b , H2=0.3H b .

[0102] It also includes a fixing mechanism 3, which is installed at the bottom end of the skirt support mechanism. The pile basic body is inserted into the seabed in sequence through the skirt support mechanism and the fixing mechanism, and is inserted into the seabed surface to a sufficient depth for fixation. Specifically, it is an entrapment plate that matches the circumference of the bottom of the conical structure of the skirt support mechanism.

[0103] Finally, in order to further improve the anti-scouring ability of the pile basic body, the system also sets an outer protective mechanism 4 for each skirt support mechanism away from the pile basic body, which is fixed to the pile basic body through a mounting plate 41, further improving the protective performance and achieving all-round protection within the range of the tripod pile foundation.

[0104] Figures 5 - 7 As shown, the outer protection mechanism includes a buffer component 42, a spoiler component 43 and an anti-collision component 44, the anti-collision component includes a top plate 441, a plurality of support rods 442 and a bottom plate 443, the plurality of support rods are evenly installed between the top plate and the bottom plate, and a space for accommodating the buffer component and the spoiler component is formed between the top plate and the bottom plate; the surface of the top plate is fitted and fixed to the bottom surface of the mounting plate; the buffer component includes a rotating shaft 421, an outer rotating tube 422 and a plurality of buffer blades 423, the outer rotating tube is sleeved outside the rotating shaft, a plurality of buffer blades are evenly arranged around the circumference of the outer rotating tube, and one end of the rotating shaft is penetrated by a The center of the top plate is vertically connected to the center of the bottom surface of the mounting plate; the spoiler assembly includes a spoiler plate 431, an anti-scouring plate 432, a blocking plate 433 and a guard ring 434, the blocking plate is installed on the surface of the bottom plate, the other end of the rotating shaft extends out of the outer rotating tube and passes through the blocking plate and is fixed to the center of the bottom plate, the anti-scouring plate is in an inverted cone shape, the opening end with a smaller diameter is adjacent to the blocking plate, and the opening end with a larger diameter is adjacent to the buffer blade, a guard ring is installed circumferentially at the end with a larger diameter of the anti-scouring plate, and a number of support rods are passed through the skirt of the guard ring; a spoiler plate is evenly arranged along the circumference on the rotating shaft in the conical space of the anti-scouring plate.

[0105] When the ocean current impacts the outer protection mechanism, the buffer blades are hit and rotated, playing a role in slowing down the impact of the ocean current. The sealing plate seals the circular opening at the bottom of the erosion protection plate, so that a certain suction force is generated when the erosion protection plate moves downward, guiding the downward-flowing water to move inside the erosion protection plate, avoiding the direct impact of the downward-flowing water on the pile foundation body. When the rotating shaft drives the erosion protection plate to move upward, the sealing plate separates from the circular opening. The erosion protection plate can disperse the downward-flowing water, playing a role in disturbing the flow, thereby weakening the impact force of the downward-flowing water. By driving the flow disturbance plate to rotate, the rotating shaft can further achieve the flow disturbance effect on the downward-flowing water and improve the protection effect.

[0106] Embodiment:

[0107] Finally, the present application provides a specific case. Assuming that the diameter of the pile foundation body is 5m, the horizontal projection diameter L of the arc-shaped baffle h = 1.5D, that is, 7.5m, R c = 1.5D, that is, R c = 1.5D = 7.5m, substituting it in, we get That is, the height of the arc-shaped baffle in the Z direction is about 1.1m.

[0108] In the design of the through holes, assuming that the sediment particle size Ds = 0.1mm in the typical fan installation environment, the sediment density is ρ s = 2650 kg / m 3 , the width of the rotating ring is 0.625m, and through holes and inclined sheets are arranged on it. According to experience, take v z = (3 - 5)v s , that is, v z = 0.042 - 0.07 m / s. Assuming that the area of each designed through hole is 0.11 and the total drainage flow rate is 0.1 m 3 / s, the number of through holes N = 13 is obtained.

[0109] The through holes and the inclined sheets are arranged at intervals. In the design, the angle θ1 of the inclined sheet is 30°, and the angle θ2 of the lower inclined sheet is 15°.

[0110] Those skilled in the art of the present technology can understand that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used here have the same meaning as the general understanding of those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in a general dictionary should be understood to have a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the prior art, and will not be interpreted with an idealized or overly formal meaning unless defined as here.

[0111] The meaning of "and / or" described in the present application refers to the situation where each exists alone or both exist simultaneously.

[0112] As used in this application, the term "connection" can mean either a direct connection between components or an indirect connection between components through other components.

[0113] In light of the above-described ideal embodiments of the present invention, through the above description, relevant workers can, without departing from the technical idea of this invention, make various changes and modifications. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content in the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A tripod pile anti-scour system suitable for multi-directional ocean currents, characterized in that: It comprises at least one skirt support mechanism, each of which is covered on one of the pile basic bodies of the tripod pile; The skirt support mechanism includes a plurality of arc-shaped baffles, which are distributed around the pile base body, and adjacent arc-shaped baffles are closely spliced ​​to form a through cone structure; A plurality of horizontal annular reinforcing rings are arranged outside the conical structure along the arc surface, a notch is arranged near the bottom of the arc baffle, and an expanded truncated cone is arranged at the top of the conical structure; A rotating ring is installed in the conical structure, and the rotating ring is movably sleeved on the pile basic body. A plurality of through holes are evenly opened along the annular circumference of the rotating ring, and a plurality of upper inclined plates and lower inclined plates are respectively installed on the surface and bottom surface of the rotating ring. When the flowing sediment enters the interior of the skirt support mechanism through the expanded truncated cone along with the ocean current, the ocean current drives the rotating ring to rotate in the conical structure, and the sediment flows from the through hole part toward the seabed and is discharged to the outside through the notch. It also includes a fixing mechanism, which is installed at the bottom end of the skirt support mechanism. The pile base body is sequentially passed through the skirt support mechanism and the fixing mechanism and inserted into the seabed, and the fixing mechanism is also fixed in the seabed.

2. The tripod pile anti-scour system suitable for multi-directional ocean currents according to claim 1, characterized in that: Assume that the height of the cone structure in the vertical direction, i.e., the Z direction, is H b ,but R c is the radius of the cone structure on the Z plane, i.e. the bending radius, L h is the horizontal projection diameter of the cone structure, L h =1.5D, R c =1.5D, D is the diameter of the pile base.

3. The tripod pile anti-scour system suitable for multi-directional ocean currents according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two horizontal annular reinforcement rings are arranged outside the conical structure, which are defined as an upper reinforcement ring and a lower reinforcement ring, respectively. The upper reinforcement ring is close to the top of the conical structure, and the lower reinforcement ring is close to the bottom of the conical structure. Assume that the height of the cone structure in the vertical direction, i.e., the Z direction, is H b , the height of the upper reinforcing ring in the Z direction is H1, and the height of the lower reinforcing ring in the Z direction is H2, then H1=0.6H b , H2=0.3H b .

4. The tripod pile anti-scour system suitable for multi-directional ocean currents according to claim 1, characterized in that: Assuming the number of through holes on the rotating ring is N, then Q is the total drainage flow, A is holes is the through hole area, v z is the flow velocity in the vertical direction, where v z Take 3-5v s , g is the acceleration due to gravity, ρ s is the sediment density, ρ f is the water density, D s is the sediment particle size, and μ is the hydrodynamic viscosity.

5. The tripod pile anti-scour system suitable for multi-directional ocean currents according to claim 4, characterized in that: The through hole has a main body in the form of a rectangle, two short sides of which expand outward to form a semicircle, and the center line of the through hole extends and converges at the center point of the rotating ring.

6. The tripod pile anti-scour system suitable for multi-directional ocean currents according to claim 1, characterized in that: Define the inclination angle of the upper inclined plate as θ1, and the inclination angle of the lower inclined plate as θ2, then v out =v in ·cos(θ),v out is the adjusted sediment velocity, v in is the original sediment flow velocity, θ is the inclination angle, and θ is θ1 or θ2.

7. The tripod pile anti-scour system suitable for multi-directional ocean currents according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism is an earth-entering plate whose circumference size matches the bottom of the conical structure of the skirt plate supporting mechanism.

8. The tripod pile anti-scour system suitable for multi-directional ocean currents according to claim 1, characterized in that: A number of plug-in blocks are fixedly installed at equal distances on one side of the arc baffle, and a number of plug-in grooves are opened at equal distances on the other side. When two adjacent arc baffles are spliced, the plug-in blocks are embedded in the matching plug-in grooves, and the adjacent arc baffles are fixedly connected and fixedly installed on the sealing disk.

9. The tripod pile anti-scour system suitable for multi-directional ocean currents according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each skirt support mechanism is matched with an outer protection mechanism at a position away from the pile base, which is fixed to the pile base through a mounting plate; the outer protection mechanism includes a buffer component, a spoiler component and an anti-collision component. The anti-collision assembly includes a top plate, a plurality of support rods and a bottom plate, wherein the plurality of support rods are evenly installed between the top plate and the bottom plate, and a space for accommodating the buffer assembly and the spoiler assembly is formed between the top plate and the bottom plate; the surface of the top plate is fitted and fixed to the bottom surface of the mounting plate; The buffer assembly includes a rotating shaft, an outer rotating tube and a plurality of buffer blades. The outer rotating tube is sleeved outside the rotating shaft, and a plurality of buffer blades are evenly arranged around the circumference of the outer rotating tube. One end of the rotating shaft passes through the center of the top plate and is vertically connected to the center of the bottom surface of the mounting plate. The spoiler assembly includes a spoiler plate, an anti-scouring plate, a sealing plate and a guard ring. The sealing plate is installed on the surface of the base plate. The other end of the rotating shaft extends out of the outer rotating tube and passes through the sealing plate and is fixed to the center of the base plate. The anti-scouring plate is in an inverted cone shape, and its opening end with a smaller diameter is adjacent to the sealing plate, and its opening end with a larger diameter is adjacent to the buffer blade. The guard ring is installed circumferentially at the end of the anti-scouring plate with a larger diameter, and a plurality of support rods are passed through the skirt of the guard ring; a spoiler plate is evenly arranged along the circumference on the rotating shaft in the conical space of the anti-scouring plate.

Images