Perforating device and working method

Abstract

The perforating device comprises a cavity, a controller and a power source are arranged in the cavity, the controller is connected with a sensor assembly, an initiating explosive device assembly and a speed adjusting assembly, the sensor assembly is used for collecting external information, the initiating explosive device assembly is arranged in the cavity, and the speed adjusting assembly is used for adjusting the speed of the initiating explosive device assembly. The speed adjusting assembly is arranged at the tail part of the cavity; the power source is connected with the sensor assembly, the controller and the speed adjusting assembly. According to the perforating device, the depth can be automatically calibrated when the perforating device passes through the section hoop, automatic detonation is achieved after the perforating device reaches the preset depth, automatic perforating control is achieved, therefore, the accuracy of the perforating position is ensured, meanwhile, the problems caused by human errors, equipment faults and the like are avoided, and the reliability of the perforating device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of oil production engineering, and particularly relates to a perforating device and a working method. Background Art

[0002] Perforating is an operation activity that uses special shaped charge equipment to enter the predetermined layer in the wellbore for explosive perforation to allow the fluid in the underground formation to enter the hole, and it is widely used in oil and gas fields and coal fields. When performing perforating operations, the operation team lowers the perforating gun to the predetermined depth, and relies on the perforating charges to eject the casing and cement sheath of the target layer to form a communication channel from the formation to the wellbore, so as to facilitate operations such as oil production and gas production.

[0003] Currently, the main methods of perforating are wired perforating, such as cable transmission perforating and tubing transmission perforating. However, wired perforating has various limitations. For example, cable conveyance perforating cannot operate on the rock formations of deeper strata due to the limitation of cable length; tubing transmission perforating may experience partial detonation, premature detonation, etc. due to factors such as manual operation and equipment installation, resulting in unsuccessful perforating operations. At the same time, wired perforating cannot completely automatically complete the perforating operation, and still requires manual calibration of the depth and manual operation such as manually transmitting signals to detonate the perforating charges to complete the perforating operation. Due to the complex downhole environment, especially in complex wells such as highly deviated wells, horizontal wells, and heavy oil wells, it is difficult for the wireless perforating device to accurately determine its own depth position, so it cannot accurately detonate the perforating charges at the predetermined depth, resulting in unsuccessful perforating operations. On the other hand, also due to the complexity of the downhole environment, the components used in the wireless perforating device may malfunction or even be damaged due to environmental factors, which may also lead to unsuccessful perforating operations.

[0004] In view of this, this application is specifically proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a perforating device and a working method, which can automatically complete the perforating operation and improve the accuracy of the perforating position.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a perforating device, adopting the following technical solution:

[0007] A perforating device includes a cavity, in which a controller and a power supply are provided. The controller is respectively connected to a sensor assembly, a pyrotechnic component, and a speed adjustment component. The sensor assembly is used to collect external information. The pyrotechnic component is arranged in the cavity, and the speed adjustment component is arranged at the tail of the cavity; the power supply is respectively connected to the sensor assembly, the controller, and the speed adjustment component.

[0008] Optionally, the above-mentioned controller includes:

[0009] A signal processing module, which is used to process the analog signal output by the sensor assembly and convert it into a digital signal;

[0010] A signal detection module, which is used to receive the digital signal and convert the digital signal into a collar signal;

[0011] A positioning and navigation module, which is used to determine the depth, estimate the speed and make control decisions according to the received collar signal, and obtain depth information, speed information, acceleration information and control information;

[0012] A speed adjustment module, which is used to control the speed adjustment assembly according to the speed information, the acceleration information and the control information;

[0013] A control execution module, which is used to control the initiator assembly to ignite and detonate according to the control information;

[0014] A data storage module, which is used to store external data, and the external data includes collar position information and preset depth information.

[0015] Optionally, a temperature control component is further provided in the above cavity, and the temperature control component is connected to the controller.

[0016] Optionally, the above controller further includes a temperature control module, which is used to control the temperature control component to adjust the temperature in the cavity.

[0017] Optionally, a communication component is further provided in the above cavity, the communication component is electrically connected to the controller, and the communication component is wirelessly connected to the upper computer.

[0018] Optionally, a head protection device is further provided at the head of the above cavity.

[0019] Optionally, the material of the above cavity is a heat insulation material.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present application provides a working method of a perforating device, adopting the following technical solution:

[0021] A working method of a perforating device, applying the above perforating device, includes the following steps:

[0022] Receive the target perforating information from the upper computer, and lower the perforating device into the well according to the target perforating information;

[0023] Collect external information through the sensor assembly, and control the perforating device to move to the collar position according to the target perforating information and the external information;

[0024] Control the ignition of the pyrotechnic component to complete perforation.

[0025] Optionally, the controlling the movement of the perforating device to the collar position according to the target perforation information and the external information includes:

[0026] Process the external information through the signal detection module to obtain a collar signal and transmit it to the positioning and navigation module;

[0027] Calculate the speed information, acceleration information, angle information, and depth information of the perforating device through the positioning and navigation module to obtain decision-making information and transmit it to the control execution module.

[0028] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0029] The present application provides a perforating device and a working method. Through preset perforation parameters and position information, as well as real-time downhole data feedback collected by the sensor component, parameters such as depth and speed during the falling process of the perforating device in the well are accurately calculated. At the same time, according to data such as collar information and preset depth input from the upper computer to the control module before going down the well, the depth can be automatically calibrated when passing through the collar, and it can be automatically detonated after reaching the preset depth, realizing automatic perforation control, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the perforation position and avoiding problems caused by human errors, equipment failures, etc., thus increasing the reliability of the entire perforation control system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the perforating device in the embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the controller module in the embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic flowchart of the working method of the perforating device in the embodiment of the present application.

[0034] In the figure, 1 - head protection device; 2 - pyrotechnic component; 3 - sensor component; 4 - controller; 5 - power supply; 6 - speed adjustment component; 7 - upper computer; 8 - cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention usually described and illustrated in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0036] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Refer to Figure 1 , an embodiment of the present application discloses a perforating device, including a cavity 8, in which a controller 4 and a power source 5 are provided. The controller 4 is respectively connected to a sensor assembly 3, an initiator assembly 2, and a speed adjustment assembly 6. The sensor assembly 3 is used to collect external information. The initiator assembly 2 is provided in the cavity 8. The speed adjustment assembly 6 is provided at the tail of the cavity 8. The power source 5 is respectively connected to the sensor assembly 3, the controller 4, and the speed adjustment assembly 6.

[0038] In this embodiment, the power source 5 is composed of an energy storage device, which supplies energy to the sensor assembly 3, the controller 4, and the speed adjustment device. The initiator assembly is composed of initiators, which are detonated after receiving control signals from the control module to complete the wireless perforating operation. The sensor assembly 3 is composed of multiple sensors, which collect collar signals and different external environment information and output corresponding signals, and transmit the signals to the controller 4. The controller 4 mainly realizes functions such as signal processing, signal detection, depth positioning, and control decision-making, and transmits control signals to the initiator assembly 2. The speed adjustment assembly 6 is composed of, including but not limited to, a speed adjustment module and a speed adjustment device, and mainly realizes the adjustment of the states such as the speed, acceleration, and angle of the device. By combining the highly integrated controller 4, the sensor assembly 3, and the speed adjustment assembly 6 at the tail of the cavity 8, parameters such as the depth and speed of the device during the falling process in the well can be accurately calculated. At the same time, according to the collar information, preset depth, and other data input to the control module from the upper computer 7 before going down the well, the depth can be automatically calibrated when passing through the collar, and detonated automatically after reaching the preset depth, realizing automatic perforating control, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the perforating position, and greatly reducing the operation difficulty, labor cost, and failure probability of the perforating operation.

[0039] Refer to Figure 2 , in one embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned controller 4 includes:

[0040] A signal processing module, which is used to process the analog signal output by the sensor assembly 3 and convert it into a digital signal;

[0041] A signal detection module, which is used to receive the digital signal and convert the digital signal into a collar signal;

[0042] A positioning and navigation module, which is used to determine the depth, estimate the speed and make a control decision according to the received collar signal, and obtain depth information, speed information, acceleration information and control information;

[0043] A speed adjustment module, which is used to control the speed adjustment assembly 6 according to the speed information, the acceleration information and the control information;

[0044] A control execution module, which is used to control the initiating explosive device assembly 2 to initiate ignition according to the control information;

[0045] A data storage module, which is used to store external data, and the external data includes collar position information and preset depth information.

[0046] In this embodiment, the controller 4 mainly realizes functions such as signal processing, signal detection, depth positioning, and control decision-making to transmit control signals to the initiating explosive device assembly 2. The signal processing module is used to preliminarily process the analog signal output by the sensor assembly 3 and convert it into a digital signal, and then transmit it to the signal detection module; the signal detection module can detect the collar signal. When receiving the digital signal from the signal processing module, the signal detection module can use a convolutional neural network to calculate and detect the collar signal, and transmit the collar signal to the positioning and navigation module; the positioning and navigation module is used to perform operations such as depth determination, speed estimation, and control decision-making. After receiving the collar signal transmitted by the signal detection module, this module can use a convolutional neural network to combine the collar signal with the data in the data storage module, calculate information such as the depth, speed, and acceleration of the device, and make decisions in cases where the depth reaches the predetermined depth and the device speed needs to be adjusted, etc., output control signals, and adjust and optimize the parameters of each perforation through preset perforation parameters and optimization algorithms to ensure the consistency of each perforation, thereby avoiding inconsistent perforation effects caused by differences in manual operations; the speed adjustment module can receive the speed control signal from the positioning and navigation module and control the speed adjustment device to adjust states such as speed and acceleration; the control execution module receives the detonation control signal from the positioning and navigation module and controls the initiating explosive device module to ignite to complete the perforation operation; the data storage module is used to store data such as the collar position and predetermined depth input from the upper computer 7, and store and transmit downhole data in real time through the built-in storage module and efficient transmission protocol, thereby ensuring the integrity and real-time nature of the data.

[0047] In one embodiment of the present application, a temperature control component is further provided in the cavity 8, the temperature control component is connected to the controller 4, and the material of the cavity is a heat-insulating material.

[0048] In this embodiment, the cavity temperature control module and the cavity jointly complete the regulation of the temperature in the cavity, which can ensure that the temperature in the cavity 8 is maintained within the normal operating temperature range of the components, effectively protecting the components in the perforating device and ensuring the accuracy of functions such as depth positioning and automatic calibration, and further improving the success rate of wireless perforating operations.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present application, a head protection device 1 is further provided at the head of the cavity 8, further enhancing the protection of the components in the perforating device.

[0050] Referring to Figure 3 , the embodiment of the present application further provides a working method of a perforating device, adopting the following technical solution:

[0051] A working method of a perforating device, applying the above perforating device, includes the following steps:

[0052] Receive the target perforating information from the upper computer 7, and lower the perforating device into the well according to the target perforating information;

[0053] Collect external information through the sensor component 3, and control the movement of the perforating device to the collar position according to the target perforating information and the external information;

[0054] Control the ignition of the initiator component 2 to complete perforation.

[0055] In this embodiment, after installing the control program on the perforating device through the upper computer 7 and inputting the required data, the wireless perforating device is lowered into the well. The sensor component 3 obtains an external signal and transmits the information to the controller 4; after the controller 4 receives the signal from the sensor module, the signal processing module processes the signal and then transmits the signal to the signal detection module. Subsequently, the control module calculates and outputs a control signal to the control execution module. When the depth reaches the predetermined depth, the control module outputs the control signal to the initiator control circuit board to control ignition and complete wireless perforation.

[0056] In one embodiment of the present application, the controlling the movement of the perforating device to the collar position according to the target perforating information and the external information includes:

[0057] Process the external information through the signal detection module to obtain a collar signal and transmit it to the positioning and navigation module;

[0058] Calculate the velocity information, acceleration information, angle information, and depth information of the perforating device through the positioning and navigation module, obtain decision-making information, and transmit it to the control and execution module.

[0059] In this embodiment, after the signals output by the sensor assembly 3 are processed, the obtained digital signals are transmitted to the signal detection module. After being operated by a convolutional neural network, the collar signal is identified and transmitted to the positioning and navigation module together with the collar position information in the storage module. The positioning and navigation module uses the convolutional neural network to perform operations such as depth determination and velocity estimation on the device. When the depth reaches the preset depth in the storage module, a control signal is output, and finally the pyrotechnic device module detonates to complete wireless perforation.

[0060] In summary, a perforating device and a working method disclosed in an embodiment of the present application accurately calculate parameters such as the depth and velocity of the perforating device during the falling process in the well through preset perforation parameters and position information, as well as real-time downhole data feedback collected by the sensor assembly 3. At the same time, according to data such as collar information and preset depth input into the control module from the host computer 7 before going down the well, the depth can be automatically calibrated when passing through the collar, and it will automatically detonate after reaching the preset depth to achieve automatic perforation control, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the perforation position. At the same time, problems caused by human errors, equipment failures, etc. are avoided, thereby increasing the reliability of the entire perforation control system. The parameters of each perforation can also be adjusted and optimized through preset perforation parameters and optimization algorithms to ensure the consistency of each perforation, thereby avoiding inconsistent perforation effects caused by differences in human operations. In addition, the cavity 8 temperature control system and the protection device at the head of the perforating device effectively protect the components inside the device, ensure the accuracy of functions such as depth positioning and automatic calibration, and further improve the success rate of wireless perforation operations. At the same time, through the built-in storage module and efficient transmission protocol, downhole data is stored and transmitted in real time, thereby ensuring the integrity and real-time nature of the data.

[0061] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own focuses. For parts not detailed in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0062] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application. The protection scope of the present application is not limited by this. Any feature disclosed in this specification (including the abstract and drawings), unless specifically described, can be replaced by other equivalent or similar-purpose alternative features. That is, unless specifically described, each feature is only an example in a series of equivalent or similar features.

Claims

1. A perforating device, characterized in that, It includes a cavity (8), inside which there is a controller (4) and a power supply (5). The controller (4) is respectively connected to a sensor assembly (3), an initiator assembly (2) and a speed adjustment assembly (6). The sensor assembly (3) is used to collect external information. The initiator assembly (2) is arranged inside the cavity (8), and the speed adjustment assembly (6) is arranged at the tail of the cavity (8). The power supply (5) is respectively connected to the sensor assembly (3), the controller (4) and the speed adjustment assembly (6).

2. The perforating device according to claim 1, wherein The controller (4) includes: A signal processing module, which is used to process the analog signal output by the sensor assembly (3) and convert it into a digital signal; A signal detection module, which is used to receive the digital signal and convert the digital signal into a collar signal; A positioning and navigation module, which is used to determine the depth, estimate the speed and make a control decision according to the received collar signal to obtain depth information, speed information, acceleration information and control information; A speed adjustment module, which is used to control the speed adjustment assembly (6) according to the speed information, the acceleration information and the control information; A control execution module, which is used to control the initiator assembly (2) to ignite and detonate according to the control information; A data storage module, which is used to store external data, and the external data includes collar position information and preset depth information.

3. The perforating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, There is also a temperature control assembly inside the cavity (8), and the temperature control assembly is connected to the controller (4).

4. The perforating device according to any one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that, The controller (4) also includes a temperature control module, which is used to control the temperature control assembly to adjust the temperature inside the cavity (8).

5. The perforating device according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that There is also a communication assembly inside the cavity (8). The communication assembly is electrically connected to the controller (4), and the communication assembly is wirelessly connected to a host computer (7).

6. The perforating device according to claim 5, characterized in that, There is also a head protection device (1) at the head of the cavity (8).

7. The perforating device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The material of the cavity (8) is a heat-insulating material.

8. A working method of a perforating device, applying the perforating device as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Receive the target perforation information from the host computer (7), and lower the perforating device into the well according to the target perforation information; Collect external information through the sensor assembly (3), and control the perforating device to move to the collar position according to the target perforation information and the external information; Control the initiator assembly (2) to ignite to complete the perforation.

9. The working method of the perforating device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The controlling the perforating device to move to the collar position according to the target perforation information and the external information includes: Process the external information through the signal detection module to obtain a collar signal and transmit it to the positioning and navigation module; Calculate the speed information, acceleration information, angle information and depth information of the perforating device through the positioning and navigation module, obtain decision-making information and transmit it to the control execution module.

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