Method for approximately calculating fullness through ground indicator diagram to automatically adjust stroke frequency

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for automatically adjusting stroke frequency by approximately calculating fullness through a ground indicator diagram. The method comprises the following steps: preliminarily setting the minimum fullness and the lowest frequency of a frequency converter when an oil pumping unit works; whether oil well production enters a steady state or not is judged, after the steady state is achieved, stroke frequency adjustment is conducted on the pumping unit with the set minimum fullness degree and the frequency converter with the lowest frequency, and a pumping unit ground indicator diagram is formed according to displacement and load data; the approximate fullness degree is solved according to the intersection point of the average load and the ground indicator diagram, whether the satisfaction degree is reasonable or not is judged, the frequency converter is controlled to carry out jig frequency adjustment after the adjustment condition is met, on the basis of collecting the ground indicator diagram, analysis and calculation of the fullness degree are carried out at the edge end, and then whether the fullness degree is reasonable or not is analyzed; after the adjustment condition is met, the frequency converter is combined to complete the stroke frequency adjustment of the oil pumping unit, and when the stroke frequency is lower than the adjustment target, shutdown production is carried out to ensure that the oil pumping unit works under high system efficiency, the response speed is high, no extra equipment needs to be installed, and the adaptability is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of automated oil production, and particularly relates to a method for automatically adjusting the stroke frequency by approximately calculating the fullness degree of the surface dynamometer card. Background Technique

[0002] An oilfield production system includes an electric motor and a pumping unit. The electric motor provides power to the pumping unit, driving the sucker rod of the pumping unit to reciprocate up and down in the oil well to extract the oil in the oil well. The stroke frequency of the pumping unit refers to the number of reciprocating motions of the sucker rod per minute. The oilfield production is related to the stroke frequency of the pumping unit. The higher the stroke frequency of the pumping unit, the higher the oilfield production.

[0003] The current stroke frequency adjustment technology of pumping units mostly uses manual experience to set values. The only automatic stroke frequency adjustment also requires adding sensing devices to collect various parameters, passing through complex algorithms in the background, and connecting to devices such as frequency converters to achieve stroke frequency adjustment. These automatic stroke frequency adjustment devices have many components and parameters, are restricted by network communication, and there is a problem of untimely operation of the algorithm on the server side, which limits the application of this technology in oilfields. Therefore, we need to provide a method for automatically adjusting the stroke frequency by approximately calculating the fullness degree of the surface dynamometer card. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for automatically adjusting the stroke frequency by approximately calculating the fullness degree of the surface dynamometer card. Based on collecting the surface dynamometer card, the fullness degree is analyzed and calculated at the edge end, and then it is analyzed whether the fullness degree is reasonable. After reaching the adjustment condition, the stroke frequency of the pumping unit is adjusted in combination with the frequency converter. When it is lower than the adjustment target, the production stops to ensure that the pumping unit works at a higher system efficiency, with a fast response speed, no need to install additional devices, and strong adaptability, so as to solve the problems in the existing technology mentioned in the above background technology that the automatic stroke frequency adjustment has many equipped devices, many parameters, is restricted by network communication, and there is a problem of untimely operation of the algorithm on the server side, which limits the application of this technology in oilfields.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A method for automatically adjusting the stroke frequency by approximately calculating the fullness degree of the surface dynamometer card, including the following steps:

[0006] Preliminarily set the minimum fullness degree during the operation of the pumping unit and the lowest frequency of the frequency converter;

[0007] Judge whether the oil well production has entered a steady state. After reaching the steady state, adjust the stroke frequency of the pumping unit with the set minimum fullness degree and the frequency converter with the lowest frequency, and form a surface dynamometer card of the pumping unit according to the displacement and load data;

[0008] Form a surface dynamometer card of the pumping unit with the displacement and load data, and divide the area of the stroke region work diagram of the pumping unit according to the load region;

[0009] Calculate the area of the work diagram in the stroke area of the pumping unit and calculate its average load value;

[0010] Solve the approximate fullness degree according to the intersection point of the average load and the surface work diagram, and judge whether the satisfaction degree is reasonable. After reaching the adjustment condition, control the frequency converter to adjust the stroke number.

[0011] Preferably, the preliminary setting of the minimum fullness degree and the lowest frequency of the frequency converter when the pumping unit is working includes:

[0012] Set the minimum fullness degree η0 when the pumping unit is working and the stroke number N0 corresponding to the lowest frequency of the frequency converter.

[0013] Preferably, the judgment of whether the oil well production enters a steady state. After reaching the steady state, adjust the stroke number of the pumping unit with the set minimum fullness degree and the frequency converter with the lowest frequency, and form the surface indicator diagram of the pumping unit according to the displacement and load data, including:

[0014] Judge whether the oil well production enters a steady state. After reaching the steady state, adjust the stroke number. If it does not reach or cannot reach the steady state, no adjustment is made.

[0015] Preferably, the judgment of whether the oil well production enters a steady state is divided into: stable production, stable pressure, stable water cut and stable gas production.

[0016] Preferably, the forming of the surface indicator diagram of the pumping unit with the displacement and load data, and the marking of the area of the work diagram in the stroke area of the pumping unit according to the load area, includes:

[0017] The surface indicator diagram of the pumping unit is drawn according to the sensor and the collected data to determine the measurement position.

[0018] Preferably, the marking of the area of the work diagram in the stroke area of the pumping unit includes marking the up-stroke area and the down-stroke area according to the load area.

[0019] Preferably, the calculation of the average load value for the marked area of the work diagram in the stroke area of the pumping unit includes:

[0020] The marked area of the work diagram in the stroke area of the pumping unit includes obtaining the area of the work diagram in the up-stroke area and the area of the work diagram in the down-stroke area.

[0021] Preferably, the average load value includes the approximate shutdown load in the up-stroke of the pumping unit and the approximate shutdown load in the next stroke.

[0022] Preferably, the solution of the approximate fullness degree according to the intersection point of the average load and the surface work diagram, and the judgment of whether the satisfaction degree is reasonable. After reaching the adjustment condition, control the frequency converter to adjust the stroke number, includes:

[0023] Judge the current fullness of the pumping unit and adjust it so that the pumping unit always operates within a reasonable range of strokes per minute.

[0024] Preferably, if the fullness η ≥ η0, no adjustment is made and the pumping unit continues to operate. For wells where η < η0 and the current stroke per minute N < N0, a shutdown command is sent, waiting for the fluid level to recover, and a delayed startup is implemented.

[0025] The technical effects and advantages of the present invention: A method for automatically adjusting the stroke per minute by approximately calculating the fullness based on the surface dynamometer card proposed by the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0026] Based on the acquisition of the surface dynamometer card, the present invention analyzes and calculates the fullness at the edge end, then analyzes whether the fullness is reasonable. After reaching the adjustment condition, the stroke per minute of the pumping unit is adjusted in combination with the frequency converter. When it is lower than the adjustment target, the production stops to ensure that the pumping unit works with a high system efficiency, with a fast response speed, no need for additional equipment installation, and strong adaptability.

[0027] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following specification, and part of them will be obvious from the specification or understood by implementing the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained through the structures pointed out in the specification and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the steps of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The present invention provides a method for automatically adjusting the stroke per minute by approximately calculating the fullness based on the surface dynamometer card as shown in Figure 1 and includes the following steps:

[0031] Preliminarily set the minimum fullness when the pumping unit is working and the lowest frequency of the frequency converter;

[0032] Judge whether the oil well production has entered a steady state. After reaching the steady state, adjust the stroke per minute of the pumping unit with the set minimum fullness and the frequency converter with the lowest frequency, and form a surface dynamometer card of the pumping unit according to the displacement and load data;

[0033] Form the surface dynamometer card of the pumping unit with displacement and load data, and divide the work diagram area of the stroke area of the pumping unit according to the load area.

[0034] For the work diagram area of the stroke area of the pumping unit that is divided, calculate its average load value.

[0035] Solve the approximate fullness degree according to the intersection point of the average load and the surface work diagram, and judge whether the satisfaction degree is reasonable. After reaching the adjustment condition, control the frequency converter to adjust the stroke number.

[0036] The preliminary setting of the minimum fullness degree and the lowest frequency of the frequency converter when the pumping unit is working includes:

[0037] Set the minimum fullness degree η0 when the pumping unit is working and the stroke number N0 corresponding to the lowest frequency of the frequency converter.

[0038] The judgment of whether the oil well production enters the steady state. After reaching the steady state, adjust the stroke number of the pumping unit with the set minimum fullness degree and the frequency converter with the lowest frequency, and form the surface dynamometer card of the pumping unit according to the displacement and load data, including:

[0039] Judge whether the oil well production enters the steady state. After reaching the steady state, adjust the stroke number. If it does not reach or cannot reach the steady state, no adjustment is made.

[0040] The judgment of whether the oil well production enters the steady state is divided into: stable production, stable pressure, stable water cut and stable gas production.

[0041] Specifically, the oil production of the oil well should be kept relatively stable without large fluctuations. Fluctuations within a certain range are allowed, but if it exceeds this range, during the production process of the oil well, the formation pressure should be kept stable or change according to the expected law. If the pressure shows abnormal fluctuations, the water cut suddenly rises or falls, or the gas production rate suddenly rises or falls, it all indicates that the production state is unstable.

[0042] The forming of the surface dynamometer card of the pumping unit with displacement and load data and dividing the work diagram area of the stroke area of the pumping unit according to the load area includes:

[0043] The surface dynamometer card of the pumping unit is drawn according to the sensors and the collected data to determine the measurement position.

[0044] Specifically, select appropriate measurement positions, usually on the ground part of the pumping unit. Install sensors at the selected measurement positions to measure displacement and load data. Displacement sensors usually use linear encoders or optical encoders, while load sensors can use pressure sensors or tension sensors. Collect displacement and load data through the sensors. During the operation of the pumping unit, record the displacement and load data at regular intervals (such as every second or every minute). Based on the processed displacement and load data, draw the ground dynamometer card of the pumping unit. The dynamometer card usually uses a rectangular coordinate system, with the horizontal axis representing time or stroke and the vertical axis representing displacement or load.

[0045] Said delineating the area of the dynamometer card of the stroke region of the pumping unit includes delineating the upstroke region and the downstroke region according to the load region;

[0046] Specifically, through the formula and the formula Delineate the upstroke region and the downstroke region.

[0047] Upstroke region

[0048] Downstroke region

[0049] Said calculating the average load value of the delineated area of the dynamometer card of the stroke region of the pumping unit includes:

[0050] Said delineating the area of the dynamometer card of the stroke region of the pumping unit includes obtaining the area of the dynamometer card of the upstroke region and the area of the dynamometer card of the downstroke region;

[0051] Specifically, obtain the area S u of the upstroke region of the pumping unit and the area S d of the downstroke region, and count the displacements S DMAX and S DMIN at both ends of the downstroke region part; the displacements S UMAX and S UMIN at both ends of the upstroke region part. If the area of the dynamometer card of the stroke region of the pumping unit is too large, the pumping unit needs to overcome greater resistance and friction during operation, thereby consuming more energy, which may lead to an increase in the energy consumption of the pumping unit and a reduction in the operating efficiency. There are large load fluctuations during the operation of the pumping unit, which will affect the working state of the pump. Excessive load fluctuations may cause uneven suction and discharge of the pump, reduce the pump efficiency, and excessive wear may lead to a shortening of the equipment life.

[0052] Said average load value includes the approximate stopping load of the upstroke of the pumping unit and the approximate stopping load of the next stroke;

[0053] Specifically, according to the formula and the formula Calculate the approximate shutdown load F of the pumping unit during the upstroke u and the approximate shutdown load F during the next stroke d .

[0054] Solving for the approximate fullness based on the intersection of the average load and the ground dynamometer card, and determining whether the satisfaction is reasonable. After reaching the adjustment condition, control the frequency converter to adjust the stroke frequency, including:

[0055] Judge the current fullness of the pumping unit and make adjustments to keep the pumping unit always operating within a reasonable stroke frequency range;

[0056] Specifically, judge whether the current fullness η of the pumping unit is less than η0. When η >= η0, the production state of the pumping unit is good. When η < η0 and the stroke frequency N of the pumping unit is greater than N0, send a stroke frequency adjustment command for the pumping unit, reduce the operating frequency of the pumping unit motor by Δh through the frequency converter, and repeat the above process after the pumping unit runs stably.

[0057] If the fullness η >= η0, no adjustment is made and the pumping unit continues to operate in production. For wells where η < η0 and the current stroke frequency N = <N0, send a shutdown command, wait for the dynamic liquid level to recover, and implement a delayed start;

[0058] Specifically, if the current fullness η >= η0, no adjustment is made and the pumping unit continues to operate in production. When η < η0 and the current stroke frequency N > N0, combine with the frequency converter to control the stroke frequency of the pumping unit, send a stroke frequency adjustment command, and after the adjustment is completed, judge again after the pumping unit runs stably until the fullness reaches the minimum required standard. For wells where η < η0 and the current stroke frequency N = <N0, send a shutdown command, wait for the dynamic liquid level to recover, and implement a delayed start.

[0059] Embodiment

[0060] The process of stroke frequency adjustment is as follows:

[0061] 【1】Set the minimum fullness η0 during the operation of the pumping unit and the stroke frequency N0 corresponding to the lowest frequency of the frequency converter.

[0062] 【2】Obtain the maximum load F Max and the minimum load F Min during the entire stroke of the load.

[0063] 【3】Divide the upstroke area and the downstroke area through formula (1) and formula (2) .

[0064] Upstroke area

[0065] Downstroke area

[0066] 【4】Obtain the area S of the upstroke region of the pumping unit u and the area S of the downstroke region d , and count the displacements S DMAX and S DMIN at both ends of the downstroke region part; the displacements S UMAX and S UMIN at both ends of the upstroke region part.

[0067] 【5】According to formula (3) and formula (4) calculate the approximate stopping load F u of the upstroke of the pumping unit and the approximate stopping load F d of the next stroke.

[0068] 【6】Obtain the maximum displacement S1 and minimum displacement S2 at the intersection of the approximate stopping load F u of the upstroke of the pumping unit and the ground dynamometer card of the pumping unit. Obtain the maximum displacement S3 and minimum displacement S4 at the intersection of the approximate stopping load F d of the downstroke of the pumping unit and the ground dynamometer card of the pumping unit.

[0069] 【7】Solve the filling degree of the pump: Smin = S1 - S2, Smax = S3 - S4. When S1 - S2 > S3 - S4, Smin = S3 - S4, Smax = S1 - S2. The current approximate filling degree of the sucker rod pump is

[0070] 【8】Judge whether the current filling degree η of the pumping unit is less than η0. When η >= η0, the production state of the pumping unit is good. When η < η0 and the stroke frequency N of the pumping unit is greater than N0, send a stroke frequency adjustment command for the pumping unit, reduce the working frequency of the pumping unit motor by Δh through the frequency converter. After waiting for the pumping unit to run smoothly, repeat the above process, judge again whether the current filling degree of the pumping unit meets the requirements, and make adjustments to ensure that the pumping unit always runs within a reasonable stroke frequency range to complete the current stroke frequency adjustment of the pumping unit.

[0071]

[10] When η < η0 and the stroke frequency N of the pumping unit is less than or equal to N0, send a stroke stop command for the pumping unit and wait for a production resumption command.

[0072] In addition, when the above-mentioned text creation unit, image generation unit, high-quality image training unit, and model optimization processing unit are executed, they are also used to implement other functions of the above-mentioned method for automatically adjusting the stroke frequency by approximately calculating the filling degree of the ground dynamometer card, which will not be elaborated one by one here.

[0073] In addition, the present invention also provides a terminal device. The method for automatically adjusting the stroke number by approximating the fullness of the ground dynamometer card involved in this embodiment is mainly applied to the terminal device, which can be a device with display and processing functions such as a PC, a portable computer, a mobile terminal, etc.

[0074] Specifically, the terminal device may include a processor (such as a CPU), a communication bus, a user interface, a network interface, and a memory. Among them, the communication bus is used to realize the connection and communication between these components; the user interface may include a display screen (Display) and an input unit such as a keyboard (Keyboard); the network interface may optionally include a standard wired interface and a wireless interface (such as a WI-FI interface); the memory may be a high-speed RAM memory or a stable memory (non-volatile memory), such as a disk memory, and the memory may optionally be a storage device independent of the aforementioned processor.

[0075] Among them, a readable storage medium is stored in the memory, and a program for automatically adjusting the stroke number is stored in the readable storage medium. The processor can call the program for automatically adjusting the stroke number stored in the memory and execute the method for automatically adjusting the stroke number by approximating the fullness of the ground dynamometer card provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0076] It can be understood that the readable storage medium can be a tangible device that can hold and store instructions used by an instruction execution device. The computer-readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination of the above. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable storage medium include: a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disk (DVD), a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanical encoding device, such as a punched card or a raised structure in a groove storing instructions thereon, and any suitable combination of the above. The computer-readable storage medium used herein is not construed as an instantaneous signal itself, such as a radio wave or other freely propagating electromagnetic wave, an electromagnetic wave propagated through a waveguide or other transmission medium (for example, an optical pulse through an optical fiber cable), or an electrical signal transmitted through a wire.

[0077] The computer-readable program instructions described herein can be downloaded to various computing / processing devices from a computer-readable storage medium or downloaded to an external computer or external storage device via a network, such as the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network, and / or a wireless network. The network may include copper transmission cables, optical fiber transmission, wireless transmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers, and / or edge servers. A network adapter card or network interface in each computing / processing device receives the computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards the computer-readable program instructions for storage in a computer-readable storage medium in each computing / processing device.

[0078] The computer program instructions for performing the operations of the present disclosure may be assembly instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-related instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state-setting data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages such as Smalltalk, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The computer-readable program instructions may be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, executed as a stand-alone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., through the Internet using an Internet service provider). In some embodiments, by using the state information of the computer-readable program instructions to customize an electronic circuit, such as a programmable logic circuit, a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or a programmable logic array (PLA), the electronic circuit can execute the computer-readable program instructions to implement various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0079] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art may still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for automatically adjusting the stroke number by approximately calculating the fullness degree of the ground dynamometer card, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Preliminarily set the minimum fullness and the lowest frequency of the frequency converter when the pumping unit is working; Judge whether the production of the oil well enters a steady state. After reaching the steady state, adjust the stroke number of the pumping unit with the set minimum fullness and the frequency converter with the lowest frequency, and form a ground dynamometer card of the pumping unit according to the displacement and load data; Form a ground dynamometer card of the pumping unit with the displacement and load data, and divide the work diagram area of the stroke area of the pumping unit according to the load area; For the divided work diagram area of the stroke area of the pumping unit, calculate its average load value; Solve the approximate fullness according to the intersection point of the average load and the ground work diagram, judge whether the satisfaction degree is reasonable, and control the frequency converter to adjust the stroke number after reaching the adjustment condition.

2. A method for automatically adjusting the stroke per minute by approximately calculating the fullness degree of the ground dynamometer card according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preliminary setting of the minimum fullness and the lowest frequency of the frequency converter when the pumping unit is working includes: Set the minimum fullness η0 when the pumping unit is working and the stroke number N0 corresponding to the lowest frequency of the frequency converter.

3. A method for automatically adjusting the stroke number by approximately calculating the fullness degree of the ground dynamometer card according to claim 1, characterized in that: The judgment of whether the production of the oil well enters a steady state, after reaching the steady state, adjust the stroke number of the pumping unit with the set minimum fullness and the frequency converter with the lowest frequency, and form a ground dynamometer card of the pumping unit according to the displacement and load data includes: Judge whether the production of the oil well enters a steady state. After reaching the steady state, adjust the stroke number. If it does not reach or cannot reach the steady state, no adjustment is made.

4. A method for automatically adjusting the stroke per minute by approximately calculating the fullness degree of the ground dynamometer card according to claim 3, characterized in that: The judgment of whether the production of the oil well enters a steady state is divided into: stable production, stable pressure, stable water cut and stable gas production.

5. A method for automatically adjusting the stroke number by approximately calculating the fullness degree based on the ground dynamometer card according to claim 1, characterized in that: The formation of the ground dynamometer card of the pumping unit with the displacement and load data, and the division of the work diagram area of the stroke area of the pumping unit according to the load area includes: The ground dynamometer card of the pumping unit is drawn according to the sensors and the collected data to determine the measurement position.

6. A method for automatically adjusting the stroke per minute by approximately calculating the fullness degree based on the ground dynamometer card according to claim 5, characterized in that: The division of the work diagram area of the stroke area of the pumping unit includes dividing the upstroke area and the downstroke area according to the load area.

7. A method for automatically adjusting the stroke number by approximately calculating the fullness degree based on the ground dynamometer card according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation of the average load value for the divided work diagram area of the stroke area of the pumping unit includes: The division of the work diagram area of the stroke area of the pumping unit includes obtaining the work diagram area of the upstroke area and the work diagram area of the downstroke area.

8. A method for automatically adjusting the stroke per minute by approximately calculating the fullness degree based on the ground dynamometer card according to claim 7, characterized in that: The average load value includes the approximate stopping load of the upstroke of the pumping unit and the approximate stopping load of the next stroke.

9. A method for automatically adjusting the stroke number by approximately calculating the fullness degree of the ground dynamometer card according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solution of the approximate fullness according to the intersection point of the average load and the ground work diagram, and the judgment of whether the satisfaction degree is reasonable, and controlling the frequency converter to adjust the stroke number after reaching the adjustment condition includes: Judge the current fullness of the pumping unit and make adjustments to keep the pumping unit always running within a reasonable stroke number range.

10. A method for automatically adjusting the stroke number by approximately calculating the fullness degree based on the ground dynamometer card according to claim 9, characterized in that: If the fullness η >= η0, no adjustment is made, and the pumping unit continues to operate in production. For oil wells with η < η0 and the current stroke number N < N0, send a shutdown command, wait for the liquid level to recover, and implement a delayed start.

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