Real-time monitoring system for liquefied gas railway tank car

Abstract

The invention relates to a monitoring system of a railway tank car, in particular to a real-time monitoring system for a liquefied gas railway tank car, and solves the technical problem that the existing liquefied gas railway tank car monitoring device cannot perform real-time and point-to-point monitoring on the medium liquid level, the temperature, the gas phase space pressure at the top in the tank, the leaked gas concentration and the position. The liquid level temperature monitoring device, the pressure monitoring device, the cover adding and discharging monitoring device and the gas concentration monitoring device are arranged, the second antenna is additionally arranged in the instrument box, and then collected data are remotely transmitted to the ground monitoring center through the split type meter head and the antenna. Therefore, real-time monitoring of medium liquid level and temperature, gas phase space pressure at the top in the tank, cover adding and discharging contact states, leaked gas concentration and railway tank car position information is achieved, and meanwhile the internal space of the protection cover is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a monitoring system for a railway tank car, and in particular to a real-time monitoring system for a liquefied gas railway tank car. Background Art

[0002] Liquefied gas railway tank cars are a type of railway tank cars. Common types include liquefied petroleum gas railway tank cars, liquid ammonia railway tank cars, low-pressure liquefied gas railway tank cars, liquefied natural gas railway tank cars, liquid hydrogen railway tank cars, etc. Among them, liquefied petroleum gas railway tank cars, liquid ammonia railway tank cars, and low-pressure liquefied gas railway tank cars have similar structures. Usually, a charging and discharging device is installed on the top in the middle of the tank body. The charging and discharging device is installed with valve groups and instruments such as stop valves, hand pumps, emergency shut-off valves, thermometers, liquid level gauges, and pressure gauges.

[0003] All existing models of liquefied gas railway tank cars are "non-powered", and there are no positioning devices installed on the tank cars. The installed thermometers, liquid level gauges, and pressure gauges are all mechanical instruments. Logistics companies cannot grasp the liquid level, temperature, gas phase space pressure at the top of the tank, and the position of the railway tank car in real time during transportation. Some models have added an escort room at the end of the tank body, and the escort personnel escort the car and climb to the top for regular inspections. However, the railway transportation environment is harsh, and there is no shortage of extremely bad weather. The space in the escort room is cramped, which greatly increases the workload and safety hazards of the escort personnel, and also increases the cost of the company, greatly limiting the competitiveness of railway transportation products. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problem that the existing liquefied gas railway tank car detection device cannot perform real-time, point-to-point monitoring of the medium liquid level, temperature, top gas phase space pressure in the tank, leakage gas concentration and location, and to provide a real-time monitoring system for liquefied gas railway tank cars.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A real-time monitoring system for a liquefied gas railway tank car, which is special in that it includes a protective cover, a pressure monitoring device, a liquid level temperature monitoring device and a gas concentration monitoring device located inside the protective cover, as well as an instrument box, a split meter head, a first antenna, a second antenna and two antenna protection net covers;

[0007] The open end of the protective cover is installed on the manhole cover of the railway tank car to form a closed space with the manhole cover; the air inlet of the pressure monitoring device is installed in a through hole on the manhole cover, and the liquid level temperature monitoring device is installed in another through hole opened on the manhole cover. The data output end of the liquid level temperature monitoring device extends out of the manhole cover, and the detection end is located in the tank body;

[0008] The side wall of the protective cover is provided with a cavity, and the gas concentration monitoring device is installed in the cavity for monitoring the gas concentration leaked into the enclosed space formed by the protective cover and the manhole cover; the first antenna is installed outside the cavity and is electrically connected to the gas concentration monitoring device for remotely transmitting the concentration data collected by the gas concentration monitoring device to the ground monitoring center;

[0009] The instrument box is installed on the top of the tank body and is located on one side of the protective cover; the split head is installed in the instrument box and is respectively electrically connected to the data sending ends of the pressure monitoring device, the liquid level and temperature monitoring device, and the second antenna, and the second antenna is installed outside the instrument box; the two antenna protection covers are respectively installed on the first antenna and the second antenna;

[0010] The second antenna is used to obtain the position data of the railway tank car and send it to the split head; the split head is used to receive the pressure data collected by the pressure monitoring device, the liquid level and temperature data collected by the liquid level and temperature monitoring device, and the position data of the railway tank car obtained by the second antenna, and remotely transmit it to the ground monitoring center through the second antenna.

[0011] Further, a tee joint is further included;

[0012] One end of the tee joint is installed in a through hole on the manhole cover and is communicated with the tank body through the manhole cover, and the other two ends are respectively connected to the intake port of the mechanical pressure gauge of the railway tank car and the intake port of the pressure monitoring device.

[0013] Further, the protective cover includes a cylindrical cover, a filling and discharging cover and a rotating shaft;

[0014] The lower end of the cylindrical cover is installed on the manhole cover, and the upper end is installed with a rotating shaft. The filling and discharging cover is hinged to the upper end of the cylindrical cover through the rotating shaft;

[0015] The side wall of the cylindrical cover is provided with a cavity for installing the gas concentration monitoring device.

[0016] Further, a filling and discharging cover monitoring device is further included;

[0017] A part of the filling and discharging cover monitoring device is installed on the inner wall of the upper end of the cylindrical cover, and the other part is installed at the corresponding position where the filling and discharging cover contacts the cylindrical cover and is electrically connected to the split head for monitoring the contact state between the filling and discharging cover and the cylindrical cover.

[0018] Further, a power supply module is further included;

[0019] The power supply module is arranged on the split head, and the output end of the power supply module is respectively connected to the power supply ends of the split head, the pressure monitoring device, the liquid level and temperature monitoring device and the filling and discharging cover monitoring device.

[0020] Further, the liquid level and temperature monitoring device includes a guide rod, a float, a flanged lining, a liquid level sensing element, a temperature sensing element, and electronic components;

[0021] The guide rod has a hollow structure and is installed in another through hole opened on the manhole cover. The upper end of the guide rod extends out of the manhole cover, and the lower end is located inside the tank;

[0022] The float has a hollow structure and is movably sleeved on the lower end of the guide rod, and floats up and down along the axis of the guide rod with the change of the liquid level of the medium inside the railway tank car. The flanged lining has a hollow structure and is installed inside the float and located between the float and the guide rod, and is used to protect the float, reducing the impact vibration sound and loss of the float;

[0023] The liquid level sensing element is installed inside the guide rod and is located at the lower end of the guide rod, and is used to cooperate with the float to measure the liquid level of the medium in the tank;

[0024] The temperature sensing element is closely attached to the inner wall of the guide rod and is located at the lower end of the guide rod, and is used to measure the temperature of the inner wall of the guide rod, thereby indirectly measuring the temperature of the medium in the tank;

[0025] The electronic components are installed at the upper end of the guide rod. The input end of the electronic components is respectively connected to the output ends of the liquid level sensing element and the temperature sensing element. The output end of the electronic components is connected to the split-type meter head, and the power supply end is connected to the output end of the power supply module. The electronic components are used to receive the liquid level data measured by the liquid level sensing element and the temperature data measured by the temperature sensing element, and transmit them to the split-type meter head.

[0026] Further, the addition and discharge cover monitoring device is a Hall magnetic proximity switch.

[0027] Further, the liquid level sensing element is a magnetostrictive liquid level sensing element, which is used to measure the liquid level height by the interaction between the emitted current pulse and the magnetic field emitted by the float;

[0028] The temperature sensing element is a Pt1000 platinum thermal resistance.

[0029] Further, the gas concentration monitoring device is a self-powered low-power infrared gas concentration detector with remote transmission.

[0030] Further, the pressure monitoring device is a single-crystal silicon pressure sensing element.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0032] 1. A real-time monitoring system for liquefied gas railway tank cars provided by the present invention uses a liquid level and temperature monitoring device, a pressure monitoring device, and a gas concentration monitoring device. A second antenna is installed in the instrument box, and a first antenna is installed outside the protective cover. Then, the data collected in real time is remotely transmitted to the ground monitoring center through a split-type meter head and antenna, so as to realize the real-time monitoring of the medium liquid level and temperature, the pressure in the gas phase space at the top of the tank, the concentration of leaked gas, and the position information of the railway tank car. At the same time, the internal space of the protective cover is saved;

[0033] 2. A real-time monitoring system for liquefied gas railway tank cars provided by the present invention changes the original pipeline directly connected to the mechanical pressure gauge to connect to a three-way joint. The remaining two ends of the three-way joint are connected to the mechanical pressure gauge at one end and the pressure monitoring device at the other end, which not only meets the industry standard regulations, does not increase extra space, but also can realize the real-time monitoring of the pressure in the tank;

[0034] 3. A real-time monitoring system for liquefied gas railway tank cars provided by the present invention uses a filling and discharging cover monitoring device, which can help users detect the abnormal state of the filling and discharging cover in time and handle the abnormal situation in time;

[0035] 4. In a real-time monitoring system for liquefied gas railway tank cars provided by the present invention, the liquid level and temperature monitoring device adopted can not only realize the real-time monitoring of the medium liquid level and temperature, but also save the internal space and improve the utilization rate of the internal space of the filling and discharging device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the protective cover in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 is a schematic installation diagram of the pressure monitoring device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the liquid level and temperature monitoring device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the liquid level and temperature monitoring device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] The reference numerals are explained as follows:

[0043] 1 - Tank body, 2 - Manhole cover, 3 - Mechanical pressure gauge, 4 - Pressure monitoring device, 5 - Liquid level and temperature monitoring device, 6 - Gas concentration monitoring device, 7 - Cover opening and closing monitoring device, 8 - Second antenna, 9 - Antenna protection net cover, 10 - Split head, 11 - Instrument box, 12 - Protective cover, 13 - First antenna, 14 - Three - way joint;

[0044] 21 - Cylinder cover, 22 - Cover for adding and discharging, 23 - Rotating shaft, 24 - Cavity;

[0045] 51 - Guide rod, 52 - Float, 53 - Flanged lining, 54 - Liquid level sensing element, 55 - Temperature sensing element, 56 - Electronic component. Specific embodiments

[0046] To make the objectives, advantages, and features of the present invention clearer, the following further details a real - time monitoring system for a liquefied gas railway tank car proposed by the present invention in combination with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0047] A real - time monitoring system for a liquefied gas railway tank car, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 shown, includes a protective cover 12, a three - way joint 14, a pressure monitoring device 4, a liquid level and temperature monitoring device 5, a gas concentration monitoring device 6, and a cover opening and closing monitoring device 7 located inside the protective cover 12, as well as an instrument box 11, a split head 10, a power supply module arranged on the split head 10, a first antenna 13, a second antenna 8, and two antenna protection net covers 9.

[0048] The manhole cover 2 of the railway tank car is installed on the tank body 1 by threaded connection. There are various types of through - holes and threaded holes on the manhole cover 2 for installing valve parts such as stop valves, hand pumps, emergency cut - off valves, etc., as well as instruments such as pressure gauges and liquid level and temperature monitoring devices. The protective cover 12 is installed on the manhole cover 2 by threaded connection, forming a sealed closed space with the manhole cover 2 to protect the valve parts and instruments installed on the manhole cover 2. As Figure 3 shown, the protective cover 12 includes a cylinder cover 21, a cover for adding and discharging 22, and a rotating shaft 23. The lower end of the cylinder cover 21 is installed on the manhole cover 2, and the upper end installs the rotating shaft 23. The cover for adding and discharging 22 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the cylinder cover 21 through the rotating shaft 23, and there is a rotating pair relationship between the cylinder cover 21 and the cover for adding and discharging 22.

[0049] A part of the cover opening and closing monitoring device 7 is installed on the inner wall of the upper end of the cylinder cover 21, and another part is installed at the corresponding position where the cover for adding and discharging 22 contacts the cylinder cover 21, and is electrically connected to the split head 10, for monitoring that during the transportation of the liquefied gas tank car, due to working conditions such as vibration and shock, the cover for adding and discharging 22 is separated from the cylinder cover 21, resulting in the failure of the protective function of the protective cover assembly 20. The cover opening and closing monitoring device 7 is a Hall magnetic proximity switch.

[0050] Since valve components such as stop valves, hand pumps, and emergency cut-off valves need to be installed on the manhole cover 2, the internal space is limited. Therefore, the pressure monitoring device 4, the liquid level and temperature monitoring device 5, the gas concentration monitoring device 6, and the addition and discharge cover monitoring device 7 can only be installed in the sealed space formed by the protective cover 12 and the manhole cover 2. To minimize the space occupied by the instruments, the power supply and data transmission of the pressure monitoring device 4, the liquid level and temperature monitoring device 5, the gas concentration monitoring device 6, and the addition and discharge cover monitoring device 7 are all realized through the split-type meter head 10.

[0051] A cavity 24 for installing the gas concentration monitoring device 6 is provided on the side wall of the cylinder cover 21. The gas concentration monitoring device 6 is a self-powered low-power gas concentration detector with remote transmission based on the infrared principle, and is used to monitor the gas concentration leaked into the closed space formed by the protective cover 12 and the manhole cover 1. The protective cover 12 and the manhole cover 2 form a closed space with a certain sealing performance. Since there are various valve groups, pipelines and instruments arranged in this space, there is a certain degree of micro-leakage. Therefore, the gas concentration monitoring position 6 is used to monitor the gas concentration leaked from this space. The first antenna 13 is installed outside the cavity 24 and is electrically connected to the gas concentration monitoring device 6, and is used to remotely transmit the concentration data collected by the gas concentration monitoring device 6 to the ground monitoring center.

[0052] As Figure 4 shown, one end of the tee joint 14 is installed in a through hole on the manhole cover 2, and is connected to the tank body 1 through the manhole cover 2. The other two ends are respectively connected to the intake port of the mechanical pressure gauge 3 of the railway tank car and the intake port of the pressure monitoring device 4. Both the mechanical pressure gauge 3 and the pressure monitoring device 4 are used to monitor the pressure in the gas phase space at the top of the tank. The mechanical pressure gauge 3 is an inherent part of the railway tank car and cannot be removed. The pressure monitoring device 4 is a single-crystal silicon pressure sensing element.

[0053] The liquid level and temperature monitoring device 4 is installed in another through hole opened on the manhole cover 2. Its data sending end extends out of the manhole cover 2, and the detection end is located inside the tank body 1, and is used to monitor the temperature and liquid level of the medium in the tank body 1. The liquid level and temperature monitoring device 4 uses a magnetostrictive sensing element for liquid level detection and a Pt1000 platinum thermal resistance element for temperature detection. As Figure 5 、 Figure 6As shown in the figure, the liquid level and temperature monitoring device 5 includes a guide rod 51, a float 52, a flanged liner 53, a liquid level sensing element 54, a temperature sensing element 55, and an electronic component 56. The guide rod 51 has a hollow structure and is installed in another through hole opened on the manhole cover 2. The upper end of the guide rod 51 is a data sending end, which extends out of the manhole cover 2, and the lower end is a detection end, which is located inside the tank body 1. The float 52 has a hollow structure and is movably sleeved on the lower end of the guide rod 51, and floats up and down along the axis of the guide rod 51 with the change of the liquid level of the medium inside the railway tank car. The flanged liner 53 has a hollow structure and is installed inside the float 52 and is located between the float 52 and the guide rod 51, and is used to protect the float 52, reducing the impact vibration sound and loss of the float 52. The liquid level sensing element 54 is installed inside the guide rod 51 and is located at the lower end of the guide rod 51, and is used to cooperate with the float 52 to measure the liquid level of the medium in the tank body 1. The temperature sensing element 55 is installed on the inner wall of the guide rod 51 and is located at the lower end of the guide rod 51, and is used to measure the temperature of the inner wall of the guide rod 51, thereby indirectly measuring the temperature of the medium in the tank body 1. The electronic component 56 is installed at the upper end of the guide rod 51. The input end of the electronic component 56 is respectively connected to the output ends of the liquid level sensing element 54 and the temperature sensing element 55. The output end of the electronic component 56 is connected to the split-type meter head 10, and the power supply end is connected to the output end of the power supply module. The electronic component 56 is used to receive the liquid level data measured by the liquid level sensing element 54 and the temperature data measured by the temperature sensing element 55, and transmit them to the split-type meter head 10.

[0054] The instrument box 11 is installed on the top of the tank body 1 and is located on one side of the protective cover 12. The split-type meter head 10 is installed inside the instrument box 11 and is respectively electrically connected to the pressure monitoring device 4, the liquid level and temperature monitoring device 5, and the second antenna 8. The second antenna 8 is installed outside the instrument box 11. Two antenna protection net covers 9 are respectively installed on the first antenna 13 and the second antenna 8, and are used to protect the first antenna 13 and the second antenna 8.

[0055] Since the antenna signals will be isolated inside the instrument box 11 and the protective cover 12, the first antenna 13 and the second antenna 8 are installed outside and are protected by the antenna protection net covers 9. The second antenna 8 is used to obtain the data transmission signal and the position data of the current vehicle, and provide them to the data transmission module and the Beidou positioning module built in the split-type meter head 10.

[0056] A power supply module is provided on the split-type meter head 10. The output end of the power supply module is respectively connected to the power supply ends of the split-type meter head 10, the pressure monitoring device 4, the liquid level and temperature monitoring device 5, and the filling and discharging cover monitoring device 7. The split-type meter head 10 is used to supply power to each monitoring device and receive the pressure, liquid level, temperature, opening state, and position data collected by each monitoring device, and remotely transmit the collected data to the ground monitoring center.

[0057] In this embodiment, a Beidou positioning module is used to obtain the current location of the railway tank car, a magnetostrictive sensing element is used for liquid level detection, a Pt1000 platinum thermal resistance element is used for temperature detection, a single-crystal silicon pressure sensing element is used for the pressure detection of the gas phase space at the top of the tank, a Hall magnetic proximity switch is used for the detection of the addition and discharge cover state, and an infrared principle gas concentration detector is used for the detection of the concentration of liquefied gas leaking in the addition and discharge device. Each acquisition module encrypts the collected data and transmits it to the ground monitoring center through the built-in Internet of Things card via a wireless communication network. The ground monitoring center stores the data and provides it for query by each terminal user, so as to realize the real-time monitoring by the user of the liquid level, temperature, pressure of the gas phase space at the top of the tank, concentration of the leaking gas in the addition and discharge device, addition and discharge cover state, and location of the liquefied gas railway tank car. On the basis of the monitoring device provided by the present invention, the research and development of a new generation of liquefied gas railway tank cars can consider removing the escort compartment, liberating the escort personnel from the harsh transportation environment, reducing the enterprise's transportation costs, increasing the enterprise's demand for digital operation, and enhancing the product competitiveness of railway tank car transportation.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A real-time monitoring system for liquefied gas railway tank cars, characterized in that: It includes a protective cover (12), a pressure monitoring device (4), a liquid level and temperature monitoring device (5), and a gas concentration monitoring device (6) located inside the protective cover (12), as well as an instrument box (11), a split meter head (10), a first antenna (13), a second antenna (8), and two antenna protective mesh covers (9); The open end of the protective cover (12) is installed on the manhole cover (2) of the railway tank car, forming a sealed space with the manhole cover (2); the air inlet of the pressure monitoring device (4) is installed in a through hole on the manhole cover (2), the liquid level and temperature monitoring device (5) is installed in another through hole on the manhole cover (2), the data output end of the liquid level and temperature monitoring device (5) extends out of the manhole cover (2), and the detection end is located inside the tank body (1); A cavity (24) is formed on the side wall of the protective cover (12), and the gas concentration monitoring device (6) is installed in the cavity (24) for monitoring the gas concentration leaked into the sealed space formed by the protective cover (12) and the manhole cover (1); the first antenna (13) is installed outside the cavity (24) and is electrically connected to the gas concentration monitoring device (6) for remotely transmitting the concentration data collected by the gas concentration monitoring device (6) to the ground monitoring center; The instrument box (11) is installed on the top of the tank body (1) and is located on one side of the protective cover (12); the split meter head (10) is installed in the instrument box (11) and is electrically connected to the pressure monitoring device (4), the liquid level and temperature monitoring device (5), and the second antenna (8) respectively. The second antenna (8) is installed outside the instrument box (11); the two antenna protective mesh covers (9) are respectively installed on the first antenna (13) and the second antenna (8); The second antenna (8) is used to obtain the position data of the railway tank car and send it to the split meter head (10); the split meter head (10) is used to receive the pressure data collected by the pressure monitoring device (4), the liquid level and temperature data collected by the liquid level and temperature monitoring device (5), and the position data of the railway tank car obtained by the second antenna (8), and remotely transmit them to the ground monitoring center through the second antenna (8).

2. The real-time monitoring system for a liquefied gas railway tank car according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a three-way joint (14); One end of the three-way joint (14) is installed in a through hole on the manhole cover (2) and is communicated with the tank body (1), and the other two ends are respectively connected to the air inlet of the mechanical pressure gauge (3) of the railway tank car and the air inlet of the pressure monitoring device (4).

3. The real-time monitoring system for a liquefied gas railway tank car according to claim 2, characterized in that: The protective cover (12) includes a cylindrical cover (21), a filling and discharging cover (22), and a rotating shaft (23); The lower end of the cylindrical cover (21) is installed on the manhole cover (2), the upper end is installed with the rotating shaft (23), and the filling and discharging cover (22) is hinged to the upper end of the cylindrical cover (21) through the rotating shaft (23); A cavity (24) for installing the gas concentration monitoring device (6) is formed on the side wall of the cylindrical cover (21).

4. The real-time monitoring system for a liquefied gas railway tank car according to claim 3, wherein: It also includes a filling and discharging cover monitoring device (7); A part of the addition and discharge cover monitoring device (7) is installed on the inner wall of the upper end of the cylinder cover (21), and another part is installed at the corresponding position on the addition and discharge cover (22) in contact with the cylinder cover (21), and is electrically connected to the split head (10) for monitoring the contact state between the addition and discharge cover (22) and the cylinder cover (21).

5. The real-time monitoring system for a liquefied gas railway tank car according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a power supply module; The power supply module is arranged on the split head (10), and the output terminals of the power supply module are respectively connected to the power supply terminals of the split head (10), the pressure monitoring device (4), the liquid level and temperature monitoring device (5), and the addition and discharge cover monitoring device (7).

6. The real-time monitoring system for a liquefied gas railway tank car according to claim 5, wherein: The liquid level and temperature monitoring device (5) includes a guide rod (51), a float (52), a flanged lining (53), a liquid level sensing element (54), a temperature sensing element (55), and an electronic component (56); The guide rod (51) is of a hollow structure and is installed in another through hole opened on the manhole cover (2). The upper end of the guide rod (51) extends out of the manhole cover (2), and the lower end is located inside the tank body (1). The float (52) is of a hollow structure and is movably sleeved on the lower end of the guide rod (51), and floats up and down along the axis of the guide rod (51) with the change of the liquid level of the medium inside the railway tank car. The flanged lining (53) is of a hollow structure and is installed inside the float (52) and is located between the float (52) and the guide rod (51) for protecting the float (52) to reduce the impact vibration sound and loss of the float (52). The liquid level sensing element (54) is installed inside the guide rod (51) and is located at the lower end of the guide rod (51) for cooperating with the float (52) to measure the liquid level of the medium in the tank body (1). The temperature sensing element (55) is closely attached to the inner wall of the guide rod (51) and is located at the lower end of the guide rod (51). The electronic component (56) is installed at the upper end of the guide rod (51). The input terminals of the electronic component (56) are respectively connected to the output terminals of the liquid level sensing element (54) and the temperature sensing element (55). The output terminal of the electronic component (56) is connected to the split head (10), and the power supply terminal is connected to the output terminal of the power supply module. The electronic component (56) is used to receive the liquid level data measured by the liquid level sensing element (54) and the temperature data measured by the temperature sensing element (55) and transmit them to the split head (10).

7. The real-time monitoring system for a liquefied gas railway tank car according to claim 6, wherein: The addition and discharge cover monitoring device (7) is a Hall magnetic proximity switch.

8. The real-time monitoring system for a liquefied gas railway tank car according to claim 7, characterized in that: The liquid level sensing element (54) is a magnetostrictive liquid level sensing element for measuring the liquid level height by the interaction between the emitted current pulse and the magnetic field emitted by the float (52). The temperature sensing element (55) is a Pt1000 platinum thermal resistor.

9. A real-time monitoring system for a liquefied gas railway tank car according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The gas concentration monitoring device (6) is a self-powered low-power infrared gas concentration detector with remote transmission.

10. The real-time monitoring system for a liquefied gas railway tank car according to claim 9, characterized in that: The pressure monitoring device (4) is a single-crystal silicon pressure sensing element.

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