Heat pump assisted solar thermoelectric coupling heating system and operation control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat pump assisted solar thermoelectric coupling heating system and an operation control method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of solar thermoelectric coupling heating systems. Comprising a thermoelectric collection unit, a heat pump module, a thermoelectric coupling circulation unit and an electric heating unit, a heating heat storage unit comprises a lower heat storage cylinder, and an upper heat storage cylinder is arranged at the top of the lower heat storage cylinder; a heat insulation layer is fixed between the lower heat storage cylinder and the upper heat storage cylinder; a liquid inlet pipe is fixed to the axis of the lower heat storage cylinder, a first one-way valve is fixed to the center of the heat insulation layer, a heat exchange cavity is fixed to the axis of the upper heat storage cylinder, the liquid inlet pipe, the first one-way valve and the heat exchange cavity are sequentially communicated, and a heating liquid supply pipe is connected to the top of the heat exchange cavity. Heat exchange ring pipes are arranged on the inner sides of the upper heat storage cylinder and the lower heat storage cylinder; according to the heat pump assisted solar thermoelectric coupling heating system and the operation control method thereof, the stable heating output temperature can be guaranteed, and system operation is more energy-saving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention specifically relates to a heat pump-assisted solar thermoelectric coupling heating system and an operation control method thereof, belonging to the technical field of solar thermoelectric coupling heating systems. Background Technique

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation is based on the principle of the photovoltaic effect, using photovoltaic modules to directly convert solar energy into electrical energy; during the operation of photovoltaic modules, the temperature will rise, which will reduce their power generation efficiency; the solar thermoelectric cogeneration device couples photovoltaic and air source heat pump technologies. During the power generation process of photovoltaic modules, refrigerant is used to take away the excess heat, forming heat exchange between the evaporator (located on the back panel of the solar cell) and the condenser, reducing the surface temperature of the modules. While increasing the photovoltaic power generation, it can provide domestic hot water or heating water for users; the existing thermoelectric cogeneration structure, such as a heat storage and heating system coupling a solar thermoelectric cogeneration device and a ground source heat pump disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication No.: CN117781342A, this structure stores heat in the soil during the non-heating season and provides heating during the heating season, which can alleviate the phenomenon of geothermal imbalance and improve the heating efficiency and service life of the ground source heat pump; however, the above thermoelectric cogeneration device uses external cooling for photovoltaic modules, and the cooling effect is average, unable to ensure the electrical energy conversion efficiency. In addition, the thermal energy obtained through external heat exchange has large temperature fluctuations and small thermal energy output; and during the heating process, the heat pump is always in operation, consuming a large amount of electricity. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a heat pump-assisted solar thermoelectric coupling heating system and an operation control method thereof, which can ensure a stable heating output temperature and the system operates more energy-efficiently.

[0004] The heat pump-assisted solar thermoelectric coupling heating system of the present invention includes: A thermoelectric aggregation unit; Heating and heat storage unit, the heating and heat storage unit includes a lower heat storage cylinder, and an upper heat storage cylinder is arranged at the top of the lower heat storage cylinder; a heat insulation layer is fixed between the lower heat storage cylinder and the upper heat storage cylinder; a liquid inlet pipe is fixed at the axis of the lower heat storage cylinder, a first one-way valve is fixed at the center of the heat insulation layer, a heat exchange cavity is fixed at the axis of the upper heat storage cylinder, the liquid inlet pipe, the first one-way valve and the heat exchange cavity are communicated in sequence, and a heating liquid supply pipe is connected to the top of the heat exchange cavity; heat exchange loop pipes are arranged on the inner sides of both the upper heat storage cylinder and the lower heat storage cylinder; the heating and heat storage unit adopts a lower heat storage cylinder and an upper heat storage cylinder, the lower heat storage cylinder adopts a large amount of phase change storage material to realize full absorption and storage of the heat of the nanofluid, the upper heat storage cylinder adopts a small amount of phase change storage material and can be quickly heated to the saturated state. When the liquid inlet pipe enters the lower heat storage cylinder for preliminary preheating, then, the heat is sent into the heat exchange cavity through the first one-way valve, and the enlarged heat exchange cavity is used for slow flow to reduce the flow rate of the flowing medium. After the flowing medium in the heat exchange cavity is fully heated to the set temperature by the upper heat storage cylinder, it is sent into the heating system; Heat pump module, the condenser heat exchange end of the heat pump module is connected to the inside of the upper heat storage cylinder; the evaporator of the heat pump module can absorb the heat energy sent out by the heating and heat storage unit, increase the initial temperature and reduce the energy consumption of the heat pump module; Thermoelectric coupling cycle unit, the thermoelectric coupling cycle unit includes a circulation pump, the input end of the circulation pump is connected to the heat exchange output end of the thermoelectric collection unit through a first four-way valve group; the output end of the circulation pump is connected to the input ends of two first valve groups through a second four-way valve group, the other ends of the two first valve groups are respectively connected to one ends of two heat exchange loop pipes, the other end of the upper heat exchange loop pipe is connected to the output end of the lower first valve group through a second one-way valve. After the nanofluid absorbs heat from the upper heat storage cylinder, it is then subjected to secondary absorption of waste heat by the lower heat storage cylinder, so as to realize full absorption of heat and reduction of the heat of nanofluid reflux; the other end of the lower heat exchange loop pipe is connected to a return pipe, and the return pipe is connected to the heat exchange input end of the thermoelectric collection unit; the two ends of the evaporator of the heat pump module are respectively connected to the return pipe through the other ends of the first four-way valve group and the second four-way valve group, and a second valve group is connected in parallel between the evaporator of the heat pump module and the first four-way valve group, and the second valve group is connected to the output end of the circulation pump; Electric heating unit, the electric heating unit is connected in series between the first four-way valve group and the circulation pump, and the electric heating unit is connected to the storage battery through the whole machine control module; the storage battery is connected to the power busbar end of the thermoelectric collection unit through the power management unit.

[0005] The thermoelectric coupling cycle unit can switch between various modes. The highest priority is to directly supply heat to the heating heat storage unit through the thermoelectric integration unit. The secondary priority is to cooperate with the thermoelectric integration unit and the electric heating unit to supply heat to the heating heat storage unit. The third priority is to cooperate with the thermoelectric integration unit and the heat pump module to supply heat to the heating heat storage unit. The fourth priority is to cooperate with the thermoelectric integration unit and the heat storage cylinder to supply heat to the upper heat storage cylinder.

[0006] Furthermore, the electric heating unit includes a horizontal heat preservation tank connected in series between the first four-way valve group and the circulation pump. An electric heating tube is fixed inside the horizontal heat preservation tank, and the electric heating tube is connected to the storage battery through the whole machine control module. The horizontal heat preservation tank can store nanofluid and supply heat to the upper heat storage cylinder through direct heating.

[0007] Furthermore, both the upper heat storage cylinder and the lower heat storage cylinder include an outer support cylinder. A heat preservation layer is fixed on the inner wall of the outer support cylinder, and a phase change heat storage filler is poured inside the heat preservation layer. The outer support cylinder provides external support, and a heat preservation layer is arranged inside the outer support cylinder to prevent heat dissipation, and heat absorption and heat preservation are carried out through the phase change heat storage filler.

[0008] Furthermore, the thermoelectric integration unit includes: A glass substrate, on the top surface of which a penetration interference layer is provided, and an anti-reflection layer is provided on the top surface of the penetration interference layer; a metal reflection layer is provided on the bottom surface of the glass substrate; an internal flow channel is provided on the bottom surface of the glass substrate; nanofluid is injected into the internal flow channel; the glass substrate is made of tempered glass with a high light transmittance (≥92%) (thickness 3 - 5mm), surface °; the nanofluid is such as AL2O3-water-based nanofluid with a concentration of 1% - 3%, and the heat transfer coefficient is increased by 20% - 35% compared with pure water; the nanofluid absorbs infrared light energy and the heat of the photovoltaic cell to realize the cooling of the photovoltaic cell; An insulating heat conducting plate, on the top surface of which groove surfaces are spaced apart, and a heat conducting adhesive layer is coated in the groove surfaces; a heterojunction battery is installed on the heat conducting adhesive layer; the heterojunction batteries are arranged in a 6*12 matrix, and the size of a single heterojunction battery is 158.75mm*158.75mm; the battery spacing is 5mm, and a reserved internal flow channel embedding space is provided; the internal flow channel is arranged between the heterojunction batteries and is pressed on the insulating heat conducting plate; by providing a heat conducting adhesive layer between the heterojunction battery and the groove surface, the thermal stress of the heterojunction battery is offset through the deformation of the heat conducting adhesive layer; the internal flow channel is arranged between the insulating heat conducting plate and the glass substrate and can absorb the heat conduction of both to cool the periphery of the heterojunction battery; The input end and the output end of the internal flow channel are respectively the heat exchange input end and the heat exchange output end of the thermoelectric integration unit.

[0009] Further, an external flow channel is provided on the back surface of the insulating heat conducting plate; the input end of the internal flow channel is connected to the output end of the external flow channel; the other end of the internal flow channel is the heat exchange output end of the thermoelectric assembly unit, and the input end of the external flow channel is the heat exchange input end of the thermoelectric assembly unit; the waste heat of the insulating heat conducting plate is absorbed through the external flow channel, and after the waste heat is reheated through the internal flow channel, the heat energy is output.

[0010] Further, a serpentine heat exchange tube is connected in series between the heat exchange output end of the thermoelectric assembly unit and the first four-way valve group, and the serpentine heat exchange tube is sealed in a passive temporary heat storage tank; a PCM phase change filler is arranged inside the passive temporary heat storage tank; when the temperature of the heat exchange output end of the thermoelectric assembly unit cannot meet the application temperature, through the capillary force, the low-grade calorific value of the thermoelectric assembly unit is automatically transferred to the PCM phase change filler in the passive temporary heat storage tank.

[0011] Further, the internal flow channel includes a diversion groove opened on the bottom surface of the glass substrate, and the diversion groove is filled with UV resin; through photolithography selective curing and development, the internal flow channel is formed by the UV resin and the diversion groove; the diversion groove adopts a V-shaped groove structure, the groove depth is 0.2-0.5 mm; the groove width is 0.5-1 mm; specifically: after the UV resin is filled into the diversion groove, through photolithography selective curing and development, the open channel is converted into a closed flow channel, and the photolithography selective curing is: through the control of the photolithography mask, the flow channel area is accurately defined, and the solid-liquid partition of the resin is established, only the non-flow channel area is cured, and the liquid part is dissolved to form a channel, the diversion groove provides support, and the UV resin is used as the top cover to achieve sealing and heat transfer.

[0012] Further, a semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit is connected in parallel to the return pipe through a switching pipe valve; when the heat storage unit for heating is saturated with heat and the temperature of the return pipe exceeds the set value, the switching pipe valve introduces the returned nanofluid into the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit for heat consumption, the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit performs heat and electricity conversion, and after the heat of the nanofluid is consumed, it returns to the thermoelectric assembly unit to complete the temperature control and avoid affecting the power generation efficiency of the heterojunction battery.

[0013] An operation control method for a heat pump-assisted solar thermoelectric coupling heating system, which is used to control the heat pump-assisted solar thermoelectric coupling heating system, and the control process is as follows: The first step is energy acquisition. The thermoelectric assembly unit converts solar energy into electric energy and heat energy respectively. The electric energy is sent to the storage battery for storage, and the heat energy is output from the thermoelectric assembly unit. Step 2, Thermal energy output mode selection: Monitor the temperature value at the heat exchange output end of the thermoelectric integration unit in real time. When the temperature value is lower than the application temperature, the circulation pump stops operating until the heat exchange output temperature reaches the set application temperature value, at which point the circulation pump starts. At this time, monitor the temperature of the upper heat storage cylinder. When the temperature value is higher than the application temperature and the temperature of the upper heat storage cylinder is lower than the set value, enter the heat storage mode of the upper heat storage cylinder. The specific circulation route is: the heat exchange output end of the thermoelectric integration unit, the first four-way valve group, the electric heating unit, the circulation pump, the second four-way valve group, the first valve group in the upper part, the heat exchange loop pipe in the upper part, the second check valve, the heat exchange loop pipe in the lower part, and the return pipe to the heat exchange input end of the thermoelectric integration unit; When the temperature value at the heat exchange output end is higher than the application temperature and the temperature of the upper heat storage cylinder reaches the set value, enter the heat storage mode of the lower heat storage cylinder. The specific circulation route is: the heat exchange output end of the thermoelectric integration unit, the first four-way valve group, the electric heating unit, the circulation pump, the second four-way valve group, the first valve group in the lower part, the heat exchange loop pipe in the lower part, and the return pipe to the heat exchange input end of the thermoelectric integration unit; When the temperature value at the heat exchange output end is lower than the application temperature and the temperature of the upper heat storage cylinder is lower than the set value, determine whether the storage battery is at a low value. If it is higher than the low value, the electric heating unit directly heats the nanofluid and enters the heat storage mode of the upper heat storage cylinder, directly heating the upper heat storage cylinder through the nanofluid until the heating temperature reaches the temperature of the upper heat storage cylinder or the storage battery drops to the low value, at which point the electric heating unit is turned off; When the temperature value at the heat exchange output end is lower than the application temperature, higher than the lower limit temperature, and the temperature of the upper heat storage cylinder is lower than the set value, and the storage battery is not higher than the low value; enter the first heat pump coupled heat storage mode. The specific circulation route is: the heat exchange output end of the thermoelectric integration unit, the first four-way valve group, the electric heating unit, the circulation pump, the second valve group, the evaporator of the heat pump module, the second four-way valve group, and the return pipe to the heat exchange input end of the thermoelectric integration unit. The condenser of the heat pump module heats the upper heat storage cylinder; When the temperature value at the heat exchange output end is not higher than the lower limit temperature and the temperature of the upper heat storage cylinder is lower than the set value, and the storage battery is not higher than the low value; enter the second heat pump coupled heat storage mode. The specific circulation route is: the lower end of the heat exchange loop pipe in the lower part, the return pipe, the first four-way valve group, the electric heating unit, the circulation pump, the second valve group, the evaporator of the heat pump module, the second four-way valve group, and the first valve group in the lower part to the upper end of the heat exchange loop pipe in the lower part. The condenser of the heat pump module heats the upper heat storage cylinder; For heating, the heating inlet pipe sends the flowing medium into the inlet pipe, and after passing through the check valve and the heat exchange cavity in sequence, it enters the heating supply pipe, and heating is carried out through the heating supply pipe.

[0014] When the storage battery is higher than the high value, the excess power is consumed through the electric heating unit.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the heat pump-assisted solar thermoelectric coupling heating system and its operation control method of the present invention continuously control the temperature of the thermoelectric integration unit to ensure the power generation efficiency of the thermoelectric integration unit, and can efficiently generate heat through infrared light reflection and contact heat exchange methods. The heating heat is provided by the thermoelectric integration unit in advance. When the thermoelectric integration unit is insufficient, the heat is compensated by consuming the electric energy of the storage battery. When the electric energy of the storage battery is insufficient, the heat is compensated by the cooperation of the thermoelectric integration unit and the heat pump module. When both the electric energy of the storage battery and the heat output of the thermoelectric integration unit cannot meet the requirements, the heat is compensated by the cooperation of the lower heat storage cylinder and the heat pump module, ensuring that the heat of the heating system is always in a stable state; through the automatic matching of the pipeline of the thermoelectric coupling cycle unit, the heat pump module is in the lowest priority, and the initial heat energy of the evaporator of the heat pump module is high, making the system operation more energy-efficient while ensuring stable heating output. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the solar thermoelectric coupling heating system of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the sectional structure of the heating heat storage unit of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the sectional structure of the thermoelectric integration unit of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the insulating heat conducting plate and the heterojunction battery of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of multiple groups of internal flow channels of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of multiple groups of internal flow channels and multiple groups of external flow channels of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of another embodiment of the solar thermoelectric coupling heating system of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the solar thermoelectric coupling heating system of the present invention in the upper heat storage cylinder heat storage mode.

[0024] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the solar thermoelectric coupling heating system of the present invention in the lower heat storage cylinder heat storage mode.

[0025] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the solar thermoelectric coupling heating system of the present invention in the cooperation mode of the electric heating unit and the upper heat storage cylinder heat storage mode.

[0026] Figure 11Schematic diagram of the solar thermoelectric coupled heating system of the present invention in the first heat pump coupled heat storage mode state.

[0027] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the solar thermoelectric coupled heating system of the present invention in the second heat pump coupled heat storage mode state.

[0028] Reference numerals: 1, thermoelectric assembly unit; 2, lower heat storage cylinder; 3, upper heat storage cylinder; 4, heat insulation layer; 5, liquid inlet pipe; 6, first one-way valve; 7, heat exchange cavity; 8, heat exchange loop pipe; 9, heat pump module; 10, circulation pump; 11, first four-way valve group; 12, second four-way valve group; 13, first valve group; 14, second one-way valve; 15, return pipe; 16, evaporator; 17, second valve group; 18, electric heating unit; 19, horizontal heat preservation tank; 20, electric heating pipe; 21, outer support cylinder; 22, heat preservation layer; 23, phase change heat storage filler; 24, glass substrate; 25, penetration interference layer; 26, anti-reflection layer; 27, metal reflection layer; 28, internal flow channel; 29, insulating heat conducting plate; 30, groove surface; 31, heterojunction battery; 32, external flow channel; 33, serpentine heat exchange pipe; 34, non-powered temporary heat storage tank. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] Embodiment: As Figures 1 to 12 shown, the heat pump-assisted solar thermoelectric coupled heating system includes: A thermoelectric assembly unit 1; A heating and heat storage unit, the heating and heat storage unit includes a lower heat storage cylinder 2, and an upper heat storage cylinder 3 is arranged at the top of the lower heat storage cylinder 2; a heat insulation layer 4 is fixed between the lower heat storage cylinder 2 and the upper heat storage cylinder 3; a liquid inlet pipe 5 is fixed at the axis of the lower heat storage cylinder 2, a first one-way valve 6 is fixed at the center of the heat insulation layer 4, a heat exchange cavity 7 is fixed at the axis of the upper heat storage cylinder 3, the liquid inlet pipe 5, the first one-way valve 6 and the heat exchange cavity 7 are connected in sequence, and a heating liquid supply pipe is connected to the top of the heat exchange cavity 7; heat exchange loop pipes 8 are arranged on the inner sides of both the upper heat storage cylinder 3 and the lower heat storage cylinder 2; A heat pump module 9, and the condenser heat exchange end of the heat pump module 9 is connected into the interior of the upper heat storage cylinder 3; Thermoelectric coupling cycle unit, the thermoelectric coupling cycle unit includes a circulation pump 10, the input end of the circulation pump 10 is connected to the heat exchange output end of the thermoelectric collection unit 1 through the first four-way valve group 11; the output end of the circulation pump 10 is connected to the input ends of two first valve groups 13 through the second four-way valve group 12, and the other ends of the two first valve groups 13 are respectively connected to one ends of two heat exchange loop pipes 8. The other end of the upper heat exchange loop pipe 8 is connected to the output end of the lower first valve group 13 through the second one-way valve 14; the other end of the lower heat exchange loop pipe 8 is connected to the return pipe 15, and the return pipe 15 is connected to the heat exchange input end of the thermoelectric collection unit 1; both ends of the evaporator 16 of the heat pump module 9 are connected to the return pipe 15 through the other two ends of the first four-way valve group 11 and the second four-way valve group 12 respectively. A second valve group 17 is connected in parallel between the evaporator 16 of the heat pump module 9 and the first four-way valve group 11, and the second valve group 17 is connected to the output end of the circulation pump 10; Electric heating unit 18, the electric heating unit 18 is connected in series between the first four-way valve group 11 and the circulation pump 10, and the electric heating unit 18 is connected to the storage battery through the whole machine control module; the storage battery is connected to the power busbar end of the thermoelectric collection unit 1 through the power management unit.

[0030] The electric heating unit 18 includes a horizontal heat preservation tank 19 connected in series between the first four-way valve group 11 and the circulation pump 10. An electric heating tube 20 is fixed inside the horizontal heat preservation tank 19, and the electric heating tube 20 is connected to the storage battery through the whole machine control module.

[0031] Both the upper heat storage cylinder 3 and the lower heat storage cylinder 2 include an outer support cylinder 21. A heat preservation layer 22 is fixed on the inner wall of the outer support cylinder 21, and a phase change heat storage filler 23 is filled inside the heat preservation layer 22.

[0032] The thermoelectric collection unit 1 includes: A glass substrate 24, a penetration interference layer 25 is arranged on the top surface of the glass substrate 24, and an anti-reflection layer 26 is arranged on the top surface of the penetration interference layer 25; a metal reflection layer 27 is arranged on the bottom surface of the glass substrate 24; an internal flow channel 28 is arranged on the bottom surface of the glass substrate 24; nano-fluid is filled in the internal flow channel 28; the glass substrate 24 is made of tempered glass with a high light transmittance (≥92%) (thickness 3-5mm), surface °; the nano-fluid is such as AL2O3-water-based nano-fluid, with a concentration of 1% - 3%. Compared with pure water, the heat transfer coefficient is increased by 20% - 35%; the nano-fluid absorbs infrared light energy and the heat of the photovoltaic cell to realize the cooling of the photovoltaic cell; The anti-reflection layer 26 is made of a silicon dioxide coating with a thickness of 80 - 100nm; reducing surface reflection (reflectivity in the 400 - 1100nm band < 2%); The penetration interference layer 25 is a silicon nitride or titanium dioxide coating with a thickness of 50 - 70 nm; the refractive index is n = 2.0 - 2.4, enhancing the interference effect; The metal reflection layer 27 is a silver or aluminum coating with a thickness of 80 - 120 nm; it can selectively reflect infrared light (reflectivity > 93% at 1100 - 2500 nm), while allowing visible light to transmit; A dielectric matching layer can also be set between the glass substrate 24 and the metal reflection layer 27, using zinc oxide or indium tin oxide, with a thickness of 30 - 50 nm; it can adjust the impedance matching between the metal reflection layer 27 and the glass substrate 24, reducing the interface reflection loss; Sunlight irradiates the surface of the glass substrate 24 vertically or obliquely. Visible light (400 - 1100 nm) passes through the antireflection layer 26, the penetration interference layer 25, and the metal reflection layer 27 and enters the photovoltaic cell to generate electricity through the photovoltaic cell. Specifically: the antireflection layer 26 reduces the surface reflectivity to < 2% through quarter - wavelength interference; the penetration interference layer 25 further suppresses the reflection of specific wavelengths (ultraviolet light), improving the overall transmittance; the metal reflection layer 27 transmits visible light (transmittance > 92%); because its plasma resonance frequency is higher than the visible light frequency, it cannot excite strong reflection; that is, the vibration of the electron cloud of the reflection metal layer allows photons to pass through in a tunneling form, and the energy loss of visible light is less than 5%; visible light finally transmits to the photovoltaic cell, and the photon energy is absorbed to excite electron - hole pairs to generate direct current. When infrared light reaches the surface of the metal reflection layer 27, because the photon energy is lower than the plasma resonance frequency of the metal, it excites the collective oscillation of free electrons, resulting in total reflection of infrared light (reflectivity > 95%); when the reflected infrared light is reflected, it is affected by the flow guide grooves of the internal flow channel 28, such as V - shaped flow guide grooves. The side walls of the flow guide grooves control the reflection direction of infrared light through the geometric reflection law (angle of incidence = angle of reflection). For example, when the incident light is perpendicular to the glass substrate 24, the inclination angle of the side wall of the flow guide groove makes the reflected light deviate from the normal direction and finally converge to the area of the internal flow channel 28; by changing the propagation direction through the flow guide grooves of the internal flow channel 28, the infrared light is guided to the internal flow channel 28; the energy of the infrared light is absorbed by the nanofluid in the internal flow channel 28 of the flow channel and converted into heat energy, and the flowing working medium outputs the heat energy; the overall reflectivity is 95% - 98% (1100 - 2500 nm); the heat absorption rate is 68 - 74%; Insulating heat-conducting plate 29, on the top surface of the insulating heat-conducting plate 29, groove surfaces 30 are spaced apart, and a heat-conducting adhesive layer is coated in the groove surfaces 30; a heterojunction battery 31 is installed on the heat-conducting adhesive layer; the heterojunction batteries 31 are arranged in a 6*12 matrix, and the size of a single heterojunction battery 31 is 158.75mm*158.75mm; the battery spacing is 5mm, reserving an embedding space for the internal flow channel 28; the internal flow channel 28 is arranged between the heterojunction batteries 31 and is pressed on the insulating heat-conducting plate 29; by arranging a heat-conducting adhesive layer between the heterojunction battery 31 and the groove surface 30, through the deformation of the heat-conducting adhesive layer, the thermal stress of the heterojunction battery 31 is offset; the internal flow channel 28 is arranged between the insulating heat-conducting plate 29 and the glass substrate 24, can absorb the heat conduction of both, and cool the periphery of the heterojunction battery 31; The input end and the output end of the internal flow channel 28 are respectively the heat exchange input end and the heat exchange output end of the thermoelectric assembly unit 1.

[0033] An external flow channel 32 is arranged on the back surface of the insulating heat-conducting plate 29; the input end of the internal flow channel 28 is connected to the output end of the external flow channel 32; the other end of the internal flow channel 28 is the heat exchange output end of the thermoelectric assembly unit 1, and the input end of the external flow channel 32 is the heat exchange input end of the thermoelectric assembly unit 1; the external flow channel 32 absorbs the waste heat of the insulating heat-conducting plate 29, and after the waste heat is reheated through the internal flow channel 28, the heat energy is output.

[0034] A serpentine heat exchange tube 33 is connected in series between the heat exchange output end of the thermoelectric assembly unit 1 and the first four-way valve group 11, and the serpentine heat exchange tube 33 is sealed in the passive temporary heat storage box 34; a PCM phase change filler is arranged inside the passive temporary heat storage box 34; when the temperature of the heat exchange output end of the thermoelectric assembly unit 1 cannot meet the application temperature, through the capillary force, the low-grade calorific value of the thermoelectric assembly unit 1 is automatically transferred to the PCM phase change filler in the passive temporary heat storage box 34.

[0035] The internal flow channel 28 includes a diversion groove opened on the bottom surface of the glass substrate 24, and a UV resin is filled in the diversion groove; and through photolithography selective curing and development, the internal flow channel 28 is formed by the UV resin and the diversion groove; the diversion groove adopts a V-shaped groove structure, the groove depth is 0.2-0.5mm; the groove width is 0.5-1mm; specifically: after the UV resin is filled into the diversion groove, through photolithography selective curing and development, the open channel is converted into a closed flow channel, and the photolithography selective curing is: through the control of the photolithography mask, the flow channel area is accurately defined, and the solid-liquid partition of the resin is established, only the non-flow channel area is cured, and the liquid part is dissolved to form a channel, the diversion groove provides support, and the UV resin is used as the top cover to achieve sealing and heat transfer.

[0036] A semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit is connected in parallel to the return pipe 15 through a switching pipe valve. When the heat in the heating heat storage unit is saturated and the temperature of the return pipe 15 exceeds the set value, the switching pipe valve guides the returned nanofluid into the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit for heat consumption. The semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit converts heat and electricity. After the heat of the nanofluid is consumed, it returns to the thermoelectric integration unit 1 to complete the temperature control, avoiding affecting the power generation efficiency of the heterojunction battery 31.

[0037] An operation control method for a heat pump-assisted solar thermoelectric coupling heating system is used to control the heat pump-assisted solar thermoelectric coupling heating system. The control process is as follows: First step, energy acquisition: The thermoelectric integration unit 1 converts solar energy into electrical energy and heat energy respectively. The electrical energy is sent to the storage battery for storage, and the heat energy is output from the thermoelectric integration unit 1. Second step, heat energy output mode selection: The temperature value at the heat exchange output end of the thermoelectric integration unit 1 is monitored in real time. When the temperature value is lower than the application temperature, the circulation pump 10 stops running until the heat exchange output temperature reaches the set application temperature value, and then the circulation pump 10 starts running. At this time, the temperature of the upper heat storage cylinder 3 is monitored. When the temperature value is higher than the application temperature and the temperature of the upper heat storage cylinder 3 is lower than the set value, it enters the heat storage mode of the upper heat storage cylinder 3. The specific circulation route is: the heat exchange output end of the thermoelectric integration unit 1, the first four-way valve group 11, the electric heating unit 18, the circulation pump 10, the second four-way valve group 12, the upper first valve group 13, the upper heat exchange ring pipe 8, the second one-way valve 14, the lower heat exchange ring pipe 8, the return pipe 15 to the heat exchange input end of the thermoelectric integration unit 1. When the temperature value at the heat exchange output end is higher than the application temperature and the temperature of the upper heat storage cylinder 3 reaches the set value, it enters the heat storage mode of the lower heat storage cylinder 2. The specific circulation route is: the heat exchange output end of the thermoelectric integration unit 1, the first four-way valve group 11, the electric heating unit 18, the circulation pump 10, the second four-way valve group 12, the lower first valve group 13, the lower heat exchange ring pipe 8, the return pipe 15 to the heat exchange input end of the thermoelectric integration unit 1. When the temperature value at the heat exchange output end is lower than the application temperature and the temperature of the upper heat storage cylinder 3 is lower than the set value, it is judged whether the storage battery is at a low value. If it is higher than the low value, the electric heating unit 18 directly heats the nanofluid and enters the heat storage mode of the upper heat storage cylinder 3, directly heating the upper heat storage cylinder 3 through the nanofluid until the heating temperature reaches the temperature of the upper heat storage cylinder 3 or the storage battery drops to the low value, and then the electric heating unit 18 is turned off. When the temperature value at the heat exchange output end is lower than the application temperature and higher than the lower limit temperature, and the temperature of the upper heat storage cylinder 3 is lower than the set value, the storage battery is not higher than the low value; enter the first heat pump coupled heat storage mode; the specific circulation route is: the heat exchange output end of the thermoelectric integration unit 1, the first four-way valve group 11, the electric heating unit 18, the circulation pump 10, the second valve group 17, the evaporator 16 of the heat pump module 9, the second four-way valve group 12, the return pipe 15 to the heat exchange input end of the thermoelectric integration unit 1, and the condenser of the heat pump module 9 heats the upper heat storage cylinder 3; When the temperature value at the heat exchange output end is not higher than the lower limit temperature and the temperature of the upper heat storage cylinder 3 is lower than the set value, the storage battery is not higher than the low value; enter the second heat pump coupled heat storage mode; the specific circulation route is: the lower end of the lower heat exchange loop pipe 8, the return pipe 15, the first four-way valve group 11, the electric heating unit 18, the circulation pump 10, the second valve group 17, the evaporator 16 of the heat pump module 9, the second four-way valve group 12, the first valve group 13 at the lower part to the upper end of the lower heat exchange loop pipe 8, and the condenser of the heat pump module 9 heats the upper heat storage cylinder 3; For heating, the heating inlet pipe 5 sends the flowing medium into the inlet pipe 5, and after passing through the one-way valve and the heat exchange chamber 7 in sequence, it enters the heating supply pipe and supplies heat through the heating supply pipe.

[0038] When the storage battery is higher than the high value, the excess power is consumed through the electric heating unit 18.

[0039] When the heat pump-assisted solar thermoelectric coupled heating system operates extremely, it enters the protection mode, such as the high-temperature protection mode: when the temperature of the photovoltaic layer > 55°C, start the high-speed circulation of the nanofluid (flow rate > 2 m / s), increase the flow rate, and conduct the heat energy into the lower heat storage cylinder 2. Utilize the volume of the lower heat storage cylinder 2 to absorb the heat of the nanofluid and prevent the sudden drop of the battery efficiency due to heat. When the light intensity < 300 W / m 2 ², close some of the circulation pumps 10 to reduce heat dissipation loss and maintain the temperature of the horizontal heat preservation tank 19 ≥ 40°C.

[0040] The single-board size of the thermoelectric integration unit 1 is 1.2 m * 0.8 m, the HJT battery efficiency is 23.5%, the total length of the microchannel is 12 m, and the nanofluid flow rate is adjustable from 0.5 - 3 L / min; the daily average power generation in summer is 2.8 KWh / m 2 ²; simultaneously output 90 L / m 2 ² of 60°C hot water; the photovoltaic working temperature is controlled at 35 - 50°C, and the annual power generation attenuation rate drops to 0.3% / year; the capacity of the upper heat storage cylinder 3 is 80 L, the capacity of the lower heat storage cylinder 2 is 400 L, the heat storage density ≥ 180 KJ / kg, and it is connected to the floor heating system to provide 45°C hot water.

[0041] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the structure, features and principles described in the scope of the present invention application are included in the scope of the present invention application.

Claims

1. A heat pump-assisted solar thermal-electric coupling heating system, characterized in that: include: Thermoelectric collection unit; A heating heat storage unit, the heating heat storage unit comprises a lower heat storage cylinder, an upper heat storage cylinder is arranged on the top of the lower heat storage cylinder; a heat insulation layer is fixed between the lower heat storage cylinder and the upper heat storage cylinder; a liquid inlet pipe is fixed at the axis of the lower heat storage cylinder, a first one-way valve is fixed at the center of the heat insulation layer, a heat exchange cavity is fixed at the axis of the upper heat storage cylinder, the liquid inlet pipe, the first one-way valve and the heat exchange cavity are connected in sequence, and a heating liquid supply pipe is connected to the top of the heat exchange cavity; heat exchange ring pipes are arranged on the inner sides of the upper heat storage cylinder and the lower heat storage cylinder; A heat pump module, wherein the heat exchange end of the condenser of the heat pump module is connected to the interior of the upper heat storage cylinder; A thermoelectric coupling circulation unit, wherein the thermoelectric coupling circulation unit comprises a circulation pump, wherein the input end of the circulation pump is connected to the heat exchange output end of the thermoelectric collection unit through a first four-way valve group; the output end of the circulation pump is connected to the input ends of two first valve groups through a second four-way valve group, the other ends of the two first valve groups are respectively connected to one end of two heat exchange loop pipes, the other end of the upper heat exchange loop pipe is connected to the output end of the lower first valve group through a second one-way valve; the other end of the lower heat exchange loop pipe is connected to a return pipe, and the return pipe is connected to the heat exchange input end of the thermoelectric collection unit; the two ends of the evaporator of the heat pump module are respectively connected to the return pipe through the other two ends of the first four-way valve group and the second four-way valve group, a second valve group is connected in parallel between the evaporator of the heat pump module and the first four-way valve group, and the second valve group is connected to the output end of the circulation pump; The electric heating unit is connected in series between the first four-way valve group and the circulation pump, and the electric heating unit is connected to the battery through the whole machine control module; the battery is connected to the power supply bus terminal of the thermoelectric collection unit through the power management unit.

2. The heat pump-assisted solar thermal-electric coupling heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric heating unit comprises a horizontal insulation tank connected in series between the first four-way valve group and the circulation pump, an electric heating pipe is fixed inside the horizontal insulation tank, and the electric heating pipe is connected to the battery through the whole machine control module.

3. The heat pump-assisted solar thermal-electric coupling heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper heat storage cylinder and the lower heat storage cylinder both include an outer support cylinder, a heat preservation layer is fixed to the inner wall of the outer support cylinder, and a phase change heat storage filler is poured into the inner side of the heat preservation layer.

4. The heat pump-assisted solar thermal-electric coupling heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermoelectric collection unit comprises: A glass substrate, wherein a penetration interference layer is disposed on the top surface of the glass substrate, and an anti-reflection layer is disposed on the top surface of the penetration interference layer; a metal reflection layer is disposed on the bottom surface of the glass substrate; an internal flow channel is disposed on the bottom surface of the glass substrate; and nanofluid is injected into the internal flow channel; An insulating heat-conducting plate, wherein the top surface of the insulating heat-conducting plate is provided with groove surfaces at intervals, and a heat-conducting adhesive layer is coated in the groove surface; a heterojunction battery is installed on the heat-conducting adhesive layer; the internal flow channel is arranged between the heterojunction batteries and pressed onto the insulating heat-conducting plate; The input end and the output end of the internal flow channel are respectively the heat exchange input end and the heat exchange output end of the thermoelectric collection unit.

5. The heat pump-assisted solar thermal-electric coupling heating system according to claim 4, characterized in that: An external flow channel is arranged on the back of the insulating heat conducting plate; the input end of the internal flow channel is connected to the output end of the external flow channel; the other end of the internal flow channel is the heat exchange output end of the thermoelectric collection unit, and the input end of the external flow channel is the heat exchange input end of the thermoelectric collection unit.

6. The heat pump-assisted solar thermal-electric coupling heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A serpentine heat exchange tube is connected in series between the heat exchange output end of the thermoelectric collection unit and the first four-way valve group, and the serpentine heat exchange tube is sealed in an unpowered temporary heat storage tank; a PCM phase change filler is arranged inside the unpowered temporary heat storage tank.

7. The heat pump-assisted solar thermal-electric coupling heating system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The internal flow channel comprises a guide groove opened on the bottom surface of the glass substrate, wherein the guide groove is filled with UV resin; and the internal flow channel is formed by the UV resin and the guide groove through selective curing and developing by photolithography.

8. The heat pump-assisted solar thermal-electric coupling heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The return pipe is connected to a semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit via a switching pipe valve.

9. An operation control method of a heat pump-assisted solar thermal-electric coupling heating system, used to control the heat pump-assisted solar thermal-electric coupling heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The control process is as follows: The first step is energy acquisition. The thermoelectric collection unit converts solar energy into electrical energy and thermal energy respectively. The electrical energy is sent to the battery for storage, and the thermal energy is output to the thermoelectric collection unit. The second step is to select the heat output mode: monitor the temperature value of the heat exchange output end of the thermoelectric collection unit in real time. When the temperature value is lower than the application temperature, the circulation pump will stop until the heat exchange output temperature reaches the set application temperature value, and then the circulation pump will start; at this time, monitor the temperature of the upper heat storage cylinder. When the temperature value is higher than the application temperature and the temperature of the upper heat storage cylinder is lower than the set value, enter the upper heat storage cylinder heat storage mode. The specific circulation route is: the heat exchange output end of the thermoelectric collection unit, the first four-way valve group, the electric heating unit, the circulation pump, the second four-way valve group, the upper first valve group, the upper heat exchange loop pipe, the second one-way valve, the lower heat exchange loop pipe, the reflux pipe to the heat exchange input end of the thermoelectric collection unit; When the temperature value of the heat exchange output end is higher than the application temperature and the temperature of the upper heat storage cylinder reaches the set value, the lower heat storage cylinder heat storage mode is entered, and the specific circulation route is: the heat exchange output end of the thermoelectric collection unit, the first four-way valve group, the electric heating unit, the circulation pump, the second four-way valve group, the first valve group at the bottom, the heat exchange loop pipe at the bottom, the reflux pipe to the heat exchange input end of the thermoelectric collection unit; When the temperature value at the heat exchange output end is lower than the application temperature and the temperature of the upper heat storage cylinder is lower than the set value, it is determined whether the battery is at a low value; if it is higher than the low value, the electric heating unit directly heats the nanofluid and enters the upper heat storage cylinder heat storage mode, and directly heats the upper heat storage cylinder through the nanofluid until the heating temperature reaches the upper heat storage cylinder temperature or the battery drops to a low value, and the electric heating unit is turned off; When the temperature value of the heat exchange output end is lower than the application temperature, higher than the lower limit temperature, and the temperature of the upper heat storage cylinder is lower than the set value, the battery is not higher than the low value; enter the first heat pump coupled heat storage mode; the specific circulation route is: the heat exchange output end of the thermoelectric collection unit, the first four-way valve group, the electric heating unit, the circulation pump, the second valve group, the evaporator of the heat pump module, the second four-way valve group, the reflux pipe to the heat exchange input end of the thermoelectric collection unit, and the condenser of the heat pump module heats the upper heat storage cylinder; When the temperature value of the heat exchange output end is not higher than the lower limit temperature, and the temperature of the upper heat storage tube is lower than the set value, the battery is not higher than the low value; enter the second heat pump coupled heat storage mode; the specific circulation route is: the lower end of the lower heat exchange loop tube, the reflux pipe, the first four-way valve group, the electric heating unit, the circulation pump, the second valve group, the evaporator of the heat pump module, the second four-way valve group, the lower first valve group to the upper end of the lower heat exchange loop tube, and the condenser of the heat pump module heats the upper heat storage tube; For heating, the heating liquid inlet pipe delivers the fluid into the liquid inlet pipe, and after passing through the one-way valve and the heat exchange chamber in sequence, it enters the heating liquid supply pipe, and heating is carried out through the heating liquid supply pipe.

10. The operation control method of the heat pump assisted solar thermal electric coupling heating system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The battery is higher than the high level and the excess electricity is consumed by the electric heating unit.

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