Special protective clothing for preventing molten metal from splashing and application

Abstract

The invention discloses special protective clothing capable of preventing molten metal from splashing and application of the special protective clothing. The special protective clothing comprises a fireproof coat and a fireproof knitted underwear, the fireproof coat is a one-piece fireproof coat, and the fireproof knitted underwear is a fireproof knitted long-sleeve underwear; the fireproof coat is made of an anti-splashing fabric, and the anti-splashing fabric comprises a flame-retardant layer, an aerogel heat insulation layer and a base layer from outside to inside; the flame-retardant layer, the aerogel heat insulation layer and the base layer are bonded into the anti-splashing fabric by adopting a full-thickness puncture sewing process; the fireproof knitted underwear is made of non-combustible fiber, flame-retardant fiber and antistatic fiber blended fabric. The protective clothing has multiple functions, the fireproof coat and the fireproof knitted underwear both have permanent flame-retardant protective performance, can be used independently and can be worn according to different special operation scene requirements, the comprehensive utilization performance of the protective clothing is improved, and the purpose of reducing the use cost is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of textile fabrics, and particularly relates to a special protective clothing against molten metal splash and its application. Background Art

[0002] In industries such as metallurgy, casting, electric welding, and glass manufacturing, due to the harsh environments such as high-temperature roasting and molten metal splash during operation, the life safety of operators is often threatened. Especially in close-operation positions such as electric welding, casting, and metal cutting, operators must wear protective clothing to protect their bodies from high-temperature invasion or prevent splashed high-temperature substances from causing harm to the human body. The protective clothing has properties such as wear resistance, heat insulation, flame retardancy, and metal splash prevention. When molten liquid metal splashes onto the protective clothing, it will slide along the fabric surface without damaging the fabric, providing effective protection in the working environment of high-temperature molten metal splash.

[0003] Currently, the fabrics used for protective clothing with the function of preventing molten metal splash mainly fall into three categories: flame-retardant cotton fabrics, aluminum film composite fabrics, and blended fabrics of flame-retardant fibers and ordinary fibers. All three fabrics have a certain degree of flame-retardant protection, but they all have drawbacks. For example, the protective clothing made of flame-retardant cotton fabric is relatively heavy, with poor wearing comfort. As the number of washes increases, the strength and flame-retardant performance of the fabric will gradually decrease, and the fabric has a strong pungent smell that is harmful to the human body. The protective clothing made of aluminum film composite fabric has poor air permeability, and aluminum itself is not resistant to high temperatures and cannot provide protection against molten metal. The protective clothing made of blended flame-retardant composite fibers only has ordinary flame-retardant protection and cannot adapt to some special high-temperature working places such as high-temperature metal smelting. In view of the above technical defects, existing research has proposed new improvement schemes. For example, patent publication number CN109291545 discloses a flame-retardant and heat-insulating composite fabric for preventing molten metal splash, which adopts a multi-layer structure composite fabric. From the outside to the inside, it is successively a molten metal splash prevention layer, an aluminized layer, and a comfort layer. While the fabric has a good molten metal splash prevention function, it also has good heat-insulating protection performance and sweat-permeable and moisture-permeable performance, which can not only enhance the safety protection ability of the staff but also improve the wearing comfort of the clothing. However, the protective clothing prepared with multi-layer fabrics still has the characteristics of heaviness and non-washability, and the complex and multi-step process of bonding between multi-layer fabrics by adhesive has a high cost. Moreover, using an aluminum coating as the heat-insulating layer still has the disadvantages of poor air permeability and low comfort. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a special protective clothing against molten metal splash. By designing the traditional protective clothing into a fire-proof outer garment and a fire-proof knitted inner garment, the technical problems of heaviness of the protective clothing in the prior art, complex adhesive bonding process between multi-layer fabrics, high cost of multi-step processes, low comfort, and non-washability are solved.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a special protective clothing against metal molten splash. The special protective clothing includes a fireproof outer garment and a fireproof knitted undergarment. The fireproof outer garment is a one-piece fireproof outer garment, and the fireproof knitted undergarment is a fireproof knitted long-sleeved undergarment. The fireproof outer garment is made of a splash-proof fabric, and the splash-proof fabric includes a flame-retardant layer, an aerogel heat-insulating layer, and a base layer. The flame-retardant layer, the aerogel heat-insulating layer, and the base layer are bonded into the splash-proof fabric by a full-thickness puncture stitching process. The fireproof knitted undergarment is made of a blended fabric of non-combustible fibers, flame-retardant fibers, and antistatic fibers.

[0006] The special protective clothing of the present invention is composed of a fireproof outer garment and a fireproof knitted undergarment. Both the fireproof outer garment and the fireproof knitted undergarment have flame-retardant properties. Among them, the fireproof outer garment has high flame-retardant and heat-insulating properties and can prevent molten metal splash. Its protective performance will not be reduced due to washing. Its tensile strength reaches more than 800 kgf, its tear strength is more than 7 kgf, and its shrinkage rate is less than 2%. The fabric weight is 280 g / m 2 ; The fireproof knitted undergarment not only has flame-retardant properties, but also has high breathability and absorbency. It can absorb the moisture volatilized from the skin, keep the wearing cool and comfortable, and the softness and comfort of the fabric are better. It can be used as the first layer of protection in contact with the skin. By adopting the set advantage of the undergarment and the outer garment, the problems of the existing protective clothing such as heaviness, non-washability, low comfort, and complex process are solved. The outer garment and the undergarment of the protective clothing of the present invention can also be used separately and worn according to the needs of different special operation scenarios.

[0007] Preferably, the splash-proof fabric includes a flame-retardant layer, an aerogel heat-insulating layer, and a base layer, and is prepared by the following method: using carbon fiber as a stitching thread for the base layer, the aerogel heat-insulating layer, and the flame-retardant layer, and bonding the fabrics into an integral fabric by a full-thickness puncture stitching process to obtain the splash-proof fabric. The present invention combines the flame-retardant layer, the aerogel heat-insulating layer, and the base layer by stitching technology, which not only ensures good heat-insulating performance of the fabric. Compared with the traditional bonding process, using carbon fiber as a stitching thread improves the strength of the fabric on the one hand, and can effectively solve the disadvantage of weak composite performance of different material layers, and solves the problem that the aerogel material has poor high-temperature resistance and is easy to damage the performance of the material when compounded with other materials by bonding technology; it significantly improves the interlayer strength of the aerogel material, so that the prepared fabric has permanent flame-retardant and heat-insulating properties.

[0008] Preferably, the flame retardant layer is formed by interweaving 70% non-combustible fibers and 30% aramid fiber yarns; the aramid fiber is composed of aramid 1313 and aramid 1414, preferably 97% aramid 1313 and 3% aramid 1414. The flame retardant fabric obtained by blending non-combustible fibers and aramid fibers has excellent properties of being non-combustible, non-melting, non-thermal shrinking, low thermal conductivity, lightweight, and high temperature resistance, and the flame retardant property will not be lost due to long-term washing.

[0009] Preferably, the diameter of the non-combustible fiber is 12 - 15μm, the strength is 100 - 200MPa, the modulus is 5 - 10GPa, the elongation at break is 22% - 28%, and the density is 1.37 - 1.40g / cm 3 .

[0010] Preferably, the aerogel thermal insulation layer is a modified SiO2 composite aerogel; the base layer is a woven aramid fabric.

[0011] Preferably, the modified SiO2 composite aerogel is a cellulose fiber / SiO2 composite aerogel.

[0012] Preferably, the modified SiO2 composite aerogel is a cellulose fiber / SiO2 composite aerogel; the cellulose fiber / SiO2 composite aerogel is prepared by the following method: (1) Mix tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), water, absolute ethanol, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, and acetic acid evenly in a beaker, and stir in a magnetic stirrer for 40 - 60 min to obtain SiO2 gel; (2) Compound cellulose fiber with SiO2 gel, and after sol-gel, obtain cellulose fiber / SiO2 wet gel, let it stand and age for 48 h, and then obtain cellulose fiber / SiO2 composite aerogel by ethanol supercritical drying.

[0013] Preferably, the cellulose fiber is a cellulose fiber of plant origin.

[0014] Preferably, the fireproof knitted underwear is made of a blended fabric of 87 - 93% non-combustible fibers, 5 - 10% flame retardant fibers, and 2 - 3% antistatic fibers.

[0015] Preferably, the flame retardant fiber is one or more of para-aramid fiber (1414), meta-aramid fiber (1313), and polyacrylonitrile fiber.

[0016] Preferably, the antistatic fiber includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 - 10 parts of modified bamboo charcoal fiber, 20 - 25 parts of polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 20 - 25 parts of acrylonitrile, and 3 - 6 parts of silane coupling agent.

[0017] Preferably, the silane coupling agent includes any one or a combination of at least two of vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, and 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane.

[0018] Preferably, the method for preparing the antistatic fiber comprises the following steps:

[0019] (1) Soak bamboo charcoal fiber in sodium hydroxide solution, dry it, and then add a silane coupling agent to react to obtain modified bamboo charcoal fiber;

[0020] (4) Dissolve polyoxyethylene ether sulfate in ethyl acetate, add the modified bamboo charcoal fiber and perform ultrasonic dispersion for 30 - 40 min, then add acrylonitrile and a silane coupling agent in proportion and stir and react at 60 - 80 °C for 4 - 6 h; after the reaction, perform centrifugation, washing, and drying treatments in sequence to obtain an antistatic agent complex;

[0021] (5) Melt-spin the antistatic agent complex prepared above to obtain antistatic fiber.

[0022] Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of a special protective clothing against metal molten splash, which is used in high-temperature places such as metallurgy, forging, and electric welding.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] (1) The protective clothing of the present invention is designed with a one-piece fireproof outer garment and a split fireproof knitted inner garment. The one-piece fireproof outer garment has high flame retardant, heat insulation, and molten metal splash-proof performance, will not reduce the protective performance due to washing, and is convenient to wear as a one-piece, with high protective performance; the fireproof knitted inner garment is a split inner garment and underwear, which not only has flame retardant performance, but also has high breathability and absorbency, can absorb the moisture volatilized from the skin, and the softness and comfort of the fabric are better, and it can be used as the first layer of protection in contact with the skin. Through double protection, the performance of heat insulation, flame retardancy, and comfortable protection is achieved.

[0025] (2) The fireproof outer garment of the present invention is made of a splash-proof fabric, which includes a flame retardant layer, an aerogel heat insulation layer, and a base layer. Through the design of three fabric layers with different functions, the performance of high heat insulation, high flame retardancy, and metal molten splash-proof is achieved; among them, the aerogel heat insulation layer uses modified SiO2 composite aerogel fiber as the heat insulation layer, and woven aramid fabric as the base layer. Carbon fiber is introduced in the thickness direction by a normal needle punching process to prepare a stitched structure splash-proof fabric, so that the heat insulation layer is tightly combined with the base layer and the flame retardant layer, which not only ensures the high heat insulation performance of the fabric, but also improves the interlayer strength of the aerogel fiber, makes the fabric lighter in weight, and greatly improves the heat protection performance and wearing comfort performance of the fireproof outer garment.

[0026] (3) The present invention selects self-developed modified SiO2 composite aerogel fibers as the heat insulation layer. By modifying SiO2 aerogel with cellulose fibers, it not only maintains the inherent crystal structure and properties of natural fibers but also has good flexibility and ductility. Compared with traditional SiO2 aerogel, the structure of cellulose fiber-modified SiO2 aerogel is more uniform, improving the thermal stability of the fibers and making the heat insulation performance more remarkable, with a thermal conductivity coefficient lower than 0.027 W / m·K.

[0027] (4) The fireproof knitted underwear of the present invention is made of a blended fabric of non-combustible fibers, flame-retardant fibers, and antistatic fibers, and has excellent flame retardancy, softness, and antistatic performance. The antistatic fibers are bamboo charcoal fibers modified by silane and polymer hydrophilicity, which have excellent electrical conductivity and can form an electrical conduction network on the fiber surface, enabling the charges on the fabric surface to be quickly dispersed, thereby improving the antistatic performance of the prepared fabric; and the antistatic agent is prepared into antistatic fibers, which can make the antistatic agent disperse evenly and firmly in the fiber matrix, endowing the fabric with permanent antistatic performance.

[0028] (5) The protective clothing of the present invention has multiple functions. Both the fireproof outer garment and the fireproof knitted underwear have permanent flame retardant protection performance and can be used alone, worn according to the requirements of different special operation scenarios, improving the comprehensive utilization of the protective clothing and achieving the purpose of reducing the use cost. Description of the Drawings Detailed Embodiments

[0031] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0032] A special protective clothing against molten metal spatter includes a one-piece fireproof outer garment and fireproof knitted long-sleeved underwear; the fireproof outer garment is made of a spatter-proof fabric, and the spatter-proof fabric includes a flame retardant layer, an aerogel heat insulation layer, and a base layer; the fireproof knitted long-sleeved underwear is made of a blended fabric of non-combustible fibers, flame-retardant fibers, and antistatic fibers.

[0033] It should be noted that the flame retardant layer is formed by interweaving 70% non-combustible fibers and 30% aramid fiber yarns; among them, the aramid fiber is composed of 97% aramid 1313 and 3% aramid 1414; the aerogel heat insulation layer is modified SiO2 composite aerogel; the base layer is a woven aramid fabric.

[0034] The non-combustible fiber is made by selecting pre-oxidized fiber with a limiting oxygen index of over 50%, using acrylonitrile as the raw material, copolymerizing with N-vinylamide monomers, and undergoing oxidation treatment in a specific temperature environment. The non-combustible fiber selected in this invention has a diameter of 12 - 15μm, a strength of 100 - 200MPa, a modulus of 5 - 10GPa, an elongation at break of 22% - 28%, and a density of 1.37 - 1.40g / cm 3 . The non-combustible fiber has good mechanical properties, flame retardancy, and fiber spinnability, and can be directly spun into 32-count silk threads, which can then be processed into non-combustible fabrics for wide applications.

[0035] Aramid fiber 1313, also known as poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) fiber, is a high-performance polyamide fiber with remarkable advantages such as heat resistance, high strength, high abrasion resistance, good softness, low shrinkage, stable chemical structure, no melting droplets during combustion, and no generation of poisonous gases.

[0036] Aramid fiber 1414, also known as poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide), has advantages such as high breaking strength, high modulus, high temperature resistance, and good flame retardancy, and its limiting oxygen index is greater than 28%.

[0037] Both the non-combustible fiber and the aramid fiber have high heat resistance and flame retardancy. Fabrics made from one or more of these fibers have high heat resistance and flame retardancy. Blending the three fibers in a specific proportion has a synergistic effect. The addition of aramid fiber can improve the strength of the non-combustible fiber, and the addition of the non-combustible fiber can improve the flame retardancy of the aramid fiber. The prepared flame-retardant fabric has higher mechanical properties, flame retardancy, and fiber spinnability through the blending process.

[0038] It should be noted that the modified SiO2 composite aerogel is a cellulose fiber / SiO2 composite aerogel, which is prepared by the following method: (1) Mix tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), water, absolute ethanol, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, and acetic acid evenly in a beaker, and stir in a magnetic stirrer for 40 - 60 min to obtain SiO2 gel; (2) Compound cellulose fiber and SiO2 gel in a mass ratio of 1:2. After sol-gel, obtain cellulose fiber / SiO2 wet gel, let it stand and age for 48 h, and then obtain cellulose fiber / SiO2 composite aerogel through ethanol supercritical drying.

[0039] It should be noted that the cellulose fiber is a cellulose fiber of plant origin, including but not limited to cellulose fibers obtained from raw materials such as wood, bamboo, hemp, jute, roselle hemp, agricultural product residual waste, cloth, recycled pulp, waste paper, etc.; preferably cellulose fibers from wood; as the above cellulose fibers can be obtained through physical treatment such as mechanical pulverization or chemical treatment such as sulfate pulping method, sulfide pulping method, alkaline pulping method, etc.; preferably cellulose fibers obtained through chemical methods.

[0040] It should be noted that the anti-spray fabric is prepared by the following method:

[0041] (1) Preparation of the flame-retardant layer: Mix non-combustible fibers, aramid 1313, and aramid 1414 fibers in a mass ratio of 70%:29%:1%, and make yarns through processes such as blowing-carding, carding, drawing, roving, spinning, winding, and twisting. Then, obtain the fabric through weaving and shaping to prepare the flame-retardant layer;

[0042] (2) Preparation of the base layer: Obtain the base layer woven aramid fabric by spinning, weaving, and post-finishing of aramid fibers;

[0043] (3) Preparation of the aerogel thermal insulation layer: Immerse the base layer woven aramid fabric into the cellulose fiber / SiO2 wet gel, carry out gel aging at 80 °C for 48 h, then perform solvent replacement on the wet gel, and dry it under normal temperature and pressure to obtain the aerogel thermal insulation layer;

[0044] (4) Preparation of the anti-spray fabric: Combine the flame-retardant layer and the aerogel thermal insulation layer together, use carbon fiber as the suture thread, and adopt the full-thickness puncture suture process to suture the flame-retardant layer and the aerogel thermal insulation layer to prepare the anti-spray fabric.

[0045] It should be noted that the fireproof knitted underwear is made of a blended fabric of 87 - 93% non-combustible fibers, 5 - 10% flame-retardant fibers, and 2 - 3% antistatic fibers.

[0046] It should be noted that the flame-retardant fibers include, but are not limited to, one or more of aramid 1313, aramid 1414, and polyacrylonitrile fibers.

[0047] It should be noted that the antistatic fibers include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 - 10 parts of modified bamboo charcoal fiber, 20 - 25 parts of polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 20 - 25 parts of acrylonitrile, and 3 - 6 parts of silane coupling agent.

[0048] It should be noted that the silane coupling agent includes, but is not limited to, any one or a combination of vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, and 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane.

[0049] As a preparation method of the antistatic agent fiber, it includes the following steps:

[0050] (1) Dissolve bamboo charcoal fiber in sodium hydroxide solution for soaking treatment, and add silane coupling agent for reaction after drying to obtain modified bamboo charcoal fiber;

[0051] (2) Dissolve 20 parts of polyoxyethylene ether sulfate in ethyl acetate, add 5 parts of modified bamboo charcoal fiber and carry out ultrasonic dispersion for 30 min, then add 20 parts of acrylonitrile and 3 parts of silane coupling agent in proportion, and stir and react at 60 °C for 6 h; after the reaction is completed, carry out centrifugation, washing and drying treatments in sequence to obtain an antistatic agent complex;

[0052] (3) Carry out melt spinning on the above-prepared antistatic agent complex to obtain antistatic fiber 1#.

[0053] A preparation method of an antistatic agent fiber comprises the following steps:

[0054] (1) Dissolve bamboo charcoal fiber in sodium hydroxide solution for soaking treatment, add silane coupling agent after drying to react to obtain modified bamboo charcoal fiber;

[0055] (2) Dissolve 23 parts of polyoxyethylene ether sulfate in ethyl acetate, add 7 parts of modified bamboo charcoal fiber and carry out ultrasonic dispersion for 35 min, then add 22 parts of acrylonitrile and 4 parts of silane coupling agent in proportion, and stir and react at 70 °C for 5 h; after the reaction is completed, carry out centrifugation, washing and drying treatments in sequence to obtain an antistatic agent complex;

[0056] (3) Carry out melt spinning on the above-prepared antistatic agent complex to obtain antistatic fiber 2#.

[0057] A preparation method of an antistatic agent fiber comprises the following steps:

[0058] (1) Dissolve bamboo charcoal fiber in sodium hydroxide solution for soaking treatment, add silane coupling agent after drying to react to obtain modified bamboo charcoal fiber;

[0059] (2) Dissolve 25 parts of polyoxyethylene ether sulfate in ethyl acetate, add 10 parts of modified bamboo charcoal fiber and carry out ultrasonic dispersion for 40 min, then add 25 parts of acrylonitrile and 6 parts of silane coupling agent in proportion, and stir and react at 80 °C for 4 h; after the reaction is completed, carry out centrifugation, washing and drying treatments in sequence to obtain an antistatic agent complex;

[0060] (3) Carry out melt spinning on the above-prepared antistatic agent complex to obtain antistatic fiber 3#.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] A special protective clothing for preventing metal molten spattering includes a one-piece fireproof outer garment made of a spatter-proof fabric and fireproof knitted long-sleeved underwear made of a blended fabric of non-combustible fiber, flame-retardant fiber and antistatic fiber; wherein the spatter-proof fabric is prepared by the following method:

[0063] (1) Preparation of the flame-retardant layer: Mix non-combustible fibers, aramid 1313, and aramid 1414 fibers in a mass ratio of 70%:29%:1%. After processes such as bale opening, carding, drawing, roving, spinning, doubling, and twisting, yarns are made. Then, through weaving and shaping, a fabric is obtained to prepare the flame-retardant layer;

[0064] (2) Preparation of the base layer: Subject aramid fibers to spinning, weaving, and post-finishing to obtain a base layer of woven aramid fabric;

[0065] (3) Preparation of the aerogel thermal insulation layer: Immerse the base layer of woven aramid fabric into cellulose fiber / SiO2 wet gel, conduct gel aging at 80 °C for 48 h, then perform solvent replacement on the wet gel and dry it under normal temperature and pressure to obtain the aerogel thermal insulation layer;

[0066] (4) Preparation of the splash-proof fabric: Combine the flame-retardant layer and the aerogel thermal insulation layer together, use carbon fiber as the suture thread, and adopt a full-thickness puncture suture process to stitch the flame-retardant layer and the aerogel thermal insulation layer to prepare the splash-proof fabric.

[0067] The blended fabric is made of a blended fabric consisting of 87% non-combustible fibers, 10% aramid 1313, and 3% antistatic fiber 1#.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] A special protective clothing against molten metal splash includes a one-piece fireproof outer garment made of splash-proof fabric and fireproof knitted long-sleeved underwear made of a blended fabric of non-combustible fibers, flame-retardant fibers, and antistatic fibers; The splash-proof fabric is prepared by the following method:

[0070] (1) Preparation of the flame-retardant layer: Mix non-combustible fibers, aramid 1313, and aramid 1414 fibers in a mass ratio of 70%:29%:1%. After processes such as bale opening, carding, drawing, roving, spinning, doubling, and twisting, yarns are made. Then, through weaving and shaping, a fabric is obtained to prepare the flame-retardant layer;

[0071] (2) Preparation of the base layer: Subject aramid fibers to spinning, weaving, and post-finishing to obtain a base layer of woven aramid fabric;

[0072] (3) Preparation of the aerogel thermal insulation layer: Immerse the base layer of woven aramid fabric into cellulose fiber / SiO2 wet gel, conduct gel aging at 80 °C for 48 h, then perform solvent replacement on the wet gel and dry it under normal temperature and pressure to obtain the aerogel thermal insulation layer;

[0073] (4) Preparation of the splash-proof fabric: Combine the flame-retardant layer and the aerogel thermal insulation layer together, use carbon fiber as the suture thread, and adopt a full-thickness puncture suture process to stitch the flame-retardant layer and the aerogel thermal insulation layer to prepare the splash-proof fabric.

[0074] The blended fabric is made of a blended fabric composed of 90% non-combustible fiber, 5% aramid 1313, 2% aramid 1414, and 3% antistatic fiber 2#.

[0075] Example 3

[0076] A special protective clothing against metal molten splashing includes a one-piece fireproof outer garment made of a splash-proof fabric and fireproof knitted long-sleeved underwear made of a blended fabric of non-combustible fiber, flame-retardant fiber, and antistatic fiber; wherein the splash-proof fabric is prepared by the following method:

[0077] (1) Preparation of the flame-retardant layer: Mix non-combustible fiber, aramid 1313, and aramid 1414 fibers in a mass ratio of 70%:29%:1%, and make yarns through processes of bale opening, carding, drawing, roving, spinning, doubling, and twisting. Then, through weaving and shaping, the fabric is prepared into the flame-retardant layer.

[0078] (2) Preparation of the base layer: Obtain the base layer woven aramid fabric by spinning, weaving, and post-finishing of aramid fiber.

[0079] (3) Preparation of the aerogel thermal insulation layer: Immerse the base layer woven aramid fabric into the cellulose fiber / SiO2 wet gel, carry out gel aging at 80°C for 48 h, then perform solvent replacement on the wet gel, and dry it under normal temperature and pressure to obtain the aerogel thermal insulation layer.

[0080] (4) Preparation of the splash-proof fabric: Combine the flame-retardant layer and the aerogel thermal insulation layer together, use carbon fiber as the suture thread, and adopt the full-thickness puncture suture process to suture the flame-retardant layer and the aerogel thermal insulation layer to prepare the splash-proof fabric.

[0081] The blended fabric is made of a blended fabric composed of 93% non-combustible fiber, 5% polyacrylonitrile fiber, and 2% antistatic fiber 3#.

[0082] Comparative Example 1

[0083] A special protective clothing against metal molten splashing, compared with Example 2, in the preparation process of the splash-proof fabric, the aerogel thermal insulation layer is deleted, and the remaining steps are exactly the same as those in Example 2.

[0084] Comparative Example 2

[0085] A special protective clothing against metal molten splashing, compared with Example 2, in the preparation process of the splash-proof fabric, the cellulose fiber / SiO2 wet gel is changed to a common SiO2 wet gel, and the remaining steps are exactly the same as those in Example 2.

[0086] Comparative Example 3

[0087] A special protective suit against metal molten splashes. Compared with Example 2, in the preparation process of the splash-proof fabric, in step (1) of the preparation of the flame-retardant layer, the non-combustible fibers are deleted, and aramid 1313 fibers and aramid 1414 fibers are mixed in a mass ratio of 97%:3%; the blended fabric is made of a blended fabric of 93% non-combustible fibers, 5% aramid 1313, and 2% aramid 1414, and the remaining steps are exactly the same as those in Example 2.

[0088] Comparative Example 4

[0089] A special protective suit against metal molten splashes, including a one-piece fire-proof outer garment made of splash-proof fabric and fire-proof knitted long-sleeved underwear made of a blended fabric of non-combustible fibers, flame-retardant fibers, and antistatic fibers; wherein the splash-proof fabric is obtained by the following method:

[0090] (1) Preparation of the flame-retardant layer: Aramid 1313 fibers and aramid 1414 fibers are mixed in a mass ratio of 97%:3%, and yarns are made through the processes of blowing-carding, carding, drawing, roving, spinning, doubling, and twisting, and then the fabric is obtained through weaving and shaping to prepare the flame-retardant layer;

[0091] (2) Preparation of the base layer: Aramid fibers are spun, woven, and post-finished to obtain a base layer shuttle-woven aramid fabric;

[0092] (3) The flame-retardant layer and the base layer are laminated together, and carbon fiber is used as the sewing thread, and the flame-retardant layer and the aerogel heat-insulating layer are sewn by the full-thickness puncture sewing process to prepare the splash-proof fabric.

[0093] Among them, the blended fabric is made of a blended fabric of 95% aramid 1313 fibers and 5% polyacrylonitrile fibers.

[0094] Experimental analysis

[0095] To further prove the technical effect of the special protective suit against metal molten splashes prepared by the technical solution disclosed in the present invention, the inventor conducted a measurement experiment on the performance of the special protective suit prepared by the present invention, and the specific experimental data are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.

[0096] Inspection of the one-piece fire-proof outer garment:

[0097] Tensile strength: The radial tensile strength test is carried out according to the method specified in GB / T 3923.1.

[0098] Tear strength: The radial tear strength test is carried out according to the method specified in GB / T 3917.3.

[0099] Thermal stability: The thermal stability test is carried out according to the method specified in GB / T 8965.1-2020 (selecting 260±5°C);

[0100] Afterglow time / smoldering time: Determined according to the test method specified in ISO 15025:2016 (Method A1);

[0101] Resistance to molten aluminum and iron spatter rating: Rated according to the standard ISO11612-2008;

[0102] Heat insulation: Detected for radiant heat conduction according to GB38453-2019;

[0103] Heat protection: Determined according to the test methods of GB / T 8965.1 / EN 367 / ASTM D 4108.

[0104] Detection of fireproof knitted long-sleeved underwear:

[0105] Flame retardant destruction length: Determined according to the vertical burning method GB / T5455 / ASTM D 6413;

[0106] Temperature resistance: Determined according to the test methods of ISO17493 / ASTM D 2259;

[0107] Heat protection: Determined according to the test methods of GB / T 8965.1 / EN 367 / ASTM D 4108;

[0108] Air permeability: Determined according to the test methods of GB / T5453 / ISO 9237 / ASTM D 737;

[0109] Antistatic property: Determined according to the test method of GB / T12703.4-2010.

[0110] Table 1 Performance test table of one-piece fireproof outerwear

[0111]

[0112]

[0113] Table 2 Performance test table of fireproof knitted long-sleeved underwear

[0114] Project Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Flame-retardant destruction length / mm 5 5 6 7 13 <![CDATA[Thermal protection (cal / cm 2 )]]> 35 38 36 32 27 Temperature resistance 1300 1300 1300 1200 800 Air permeability (mm / s) 176 185 180 165 67 Surface resistivity / Ω <![CDATA[1.3x10 6 > <![CDATA[1.0x10 6 > <![CDATA[2.5x10 6 > <![CDATA[2.3x10 7 > <![CDATA[4.6x10 7 >

[0115] The test results in Table 1 further prove that the one-piece fireproof outerwear prepared in Example 2 of the present invention is compared with the experimental data of Comparative Examples 1-2, and it can be found that the modified SiO2 composite aerogel insulation layer is added to the splash-proof fabric of the present invention, and the thermal insulation protection performance of the fabric is significantly improved; from the data of Comparative Examples 3 and 4, it can be seen that the selection of non-combustible fibers and aramid in a specific proportion for blending not only improves the flame retardant properties of the fabric, but also significantly improves its mechanical strength such as breaking strength and tear strength; if all the non-combustible fibers are replaced with aramid fibers, their mechanical properties and flame retardant properties are significantly reduced, and their air permeability and temperature resistance are also affected after being made into finished underwear; from the antistatic data in Comparative Examples 3 and 4, it can be seen that the anti-splashproof outerwear prepared in the embodiment of the present invention The fire-knitted long-sleeved underwear has excellent antistatic properties, which further proves that the antistatic fiber developed by the present invention is blended with non-combustible fiber and flame retardant fiber, which can not only improve the antistatic properties of the fabric, but also improve the air permeability of the fabric. The interaction of multiple fibers makes the fabric flame retardant, heat insulating and breathable. From the comparison of the experimental data of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2, it can be found that the SiO2 composite aerogel independently developed by the present invention is superior to the traditional SiO2 aerogel, especially in mechanical strength and thermal insulation performance. This is because the cellulose fiber modified SiO2 aerogel developed by the present invention has a more uniform structure, improves the thermal stability of the fiber, makes the thermal insulation performance more significant, and is beneficial to improving the thermal insulation performance of the fabric.

[0116] In summary, the protective clothing of the present invention is designed with a one-piece fireproof outer garment and a split fireproof knitted underwear. The one-piece fireproof outer garment has high flame retardancy, heat insulation and molten metal splash resistance, and the protective performance will not be reduced due to washing. It is easy to wear and has high protective performance. The fireproof knitted underwear is a split underwear, which not only has flame retardancy, but also has high air permeability and absorbency, can absorb moisture volatilized from the skin, and the fabric is soft and comfortable, which can be used as the first line of protection for contact with the skin. The double protection achieves the performance of heat insulation, flame retardancy and comfortable protection.

[0117] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A special protective clothing against metal molten splashing, characterized in that, The special protective clothing includes a fireproof outer garment and a fireproof knitted undergarment. The fireproof outer garment is a one-piece fireproof outer garment, and the fireproof knitted undergarment is a fireproof knitted long-sleeved underwear; the fireproof outer garment is made of a splash-proof fabric, and the splash-proof fabric includes a flame-retardant layer, an aerogel heat-insulating layer, and a base layer from the outside to the inside; the flame-retardant layer, the aerogel heat-insulating layer, and the base layer are bonded into the splash-proof fabric by a full-thickness puncture stitching process; the fireproof knitted undergarment is made of a blended fabric of non-combustible fibers, flame-retardant fibers, and antistatic fibers.

2. The special protective clothing against metal molten splashing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flame-retardant layer is formed by interweaving 70% non-combustible fibers and 30% aramid fiber yarns; the aramid fiber is composed of aramid 1313 and aramid 1414.

3. The special protective clothing against metal molten splashes according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The diameter of the non-combustible fiber is 12-15 μm, the strength is 100-200 MPa, the modulus is 5-10 GPa, the elongation at break is 22%-28%, and the density is 1.37-1.40 g / cm 3 .

4. The special protective clothing against metal molten splashing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aerogel heat-insulating layer is a modified SiO2 composite aerogel; the base layer is a woven aramid fabric.

5. The special protective clothing against metal molten splashing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The modified SiO2 composite aerogel is a cellulose fiber / SiO2 composite aerogel.

6. The special protective clothing against metal molten spatter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fireproof knitted undergarment is made of a blended fabric of 87-93% non-combustible fibers, 5-10% flame-retardant fibers, and 2-3% antistatic fibers.

7. The special protective clothing against metal molten splash according to claim 6, wherein The flame-retardant fibers are one or more of para-aramid fibers, meta-aramid fibers, and polyacrylonitrile fibers.

8. The special protective clothing against metal molten splash according to claim 6, characterized in that, The antistatic fibers include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of modified bamboo charcoal fibers, 20-25 parts of polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 20-25 parts of acrylonitrile, and 3-6 parts of silane coupling agent.

9. The special protective clothing against metal molten splashing according to claim 8, characterized in that, The preparation method of the antistatic fibers includes the following steps: (1) Soak bamboo charcoal fibers in a sodium hydroxide solution, and after drying, add a silane coupling agent to react to obtain modified bamboo charcoal fibers; (2) Dissolve polyoxyethylene ether sulfate in ethyl acetate, add modified bamboo charcoal fibers and ultrasonically disperse for 30-40 min, then add acrylonitrile and silane coupling agent in proportion, and stir and react at 60-80 °C for 4-6 h; after the reaction, perform centrifugation, washing, and drying treatments in sequence to obtain an antistatic agent complex; (3) Melt-spin the antistatic agent complex prepared above to obtain antistatic fibers.

10. Use of the special protective clothing against metal molten splash according to claim 1, characterized in that The special protective clothing is used in high-temperature places such as metallurgy, forging, and electric welding.

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