A counterflow type evaporative condenser

Abstract

This invention discloses a counter-flow evaporative condenser, belonging to the field of counter-flow evaporative condensers. The counter-flow evaporative condenser includes a shell and a central controller located outside the shell. The shell is divided into a cooling space and a rotating space connected to the cooling space. Within the cooling space, a fan, a water distribution device, and a cooling coil are installed sequentially from top to bottom. Air inlets are provided on both sides of the shell, and a water tank is located at the bottom, connected to the water distribution device outside the shell. A status monitoring sensor is installed in the lower middle part of the cooling coil. A dynamic spray adjustment mechanism is connected to the lower end of the water distribution device, which includes at least one movable nozzle that can move along the axial direction of the cooling coil and an infrared ranging sensor for measuring the axial position of the movable nozzle. The status monitoring sensor is electrically connected to the central controller; the dynamic spray adjustment mechanism is signal-connected to the central controller. It can adjust the position of the nozzle according to actual conditions, preventing insufficient cooling and subsequent discharge from the cooling coil of the condenser.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of counter-flow evaporative condensers, and more specifically, to a counter-flow evaporative condenser. Background Technology

[0002] Counterflow evaporative condensers, as highly efficient heat exchange devices, are widely used in air conditioning, chemical cooling, and metallurgical equipment. Compared with traditional water-cooled or air-cooled condensers, counterflow evaporative condensers not only have higher heat exchange efficiency but also save approximately 30% of water, demonstrating significant energy and water conservation advantages.

[0003] However, traditional evaporative condensers typically employ fixed spray water distribution devices, leading to uneven water film distribution on the cooling coil surface. When the spray density is insufficient in certain areas, "dry spots" form on the coil surface, causing uneven refrigerant cooling and resulting in refrigerant being discharged still in a non-gassy state. This not only affects condensation efficiency but also leads to condensate loss. Studies have shown that dry spot phenomena can cause condensation temperature fluctuations of up to ±5°C and increase compressor energy consumption by 15%-20%. Although some studies have attempted to optimize airflow uniformity through flow equalization devices (such as plenum design), these methods lack the ability to dynamically control the water film distribution in real time.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a new type of counter-flow evaporative condenser that can effectively solve the problem of uneven cooling. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a counter-flow evaporative condenser that can dynamically adjust the position of the nozzles according to the actual situation inside the condenser, so that the discharged condensate will not remain in a gaseous state due to uneven cooling in the cooling coil.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0007] A counter-flow evaporative condenser includes a shell and a central controller located outside the shell. The shell is divided into a cooling space and a rotating space connected to the cooling space. A fan, a water distribution device, and a cooling coil are installed sequentially from top to bottom in the cooling space. Air inlets are provided on both sides of the shell, and a water tank is provided at the lower end. The water tank and the water distribution device are connected outside the shell. A status monitoring sensor is installed in the lower middle part of the cooling coil. A dynamic spray adjustment mechanism is connected to the lower end of the water distribution device, which includes at least one movable nozzle that can move along the axial direction of the cooling coil and an infrared ranging sensor for measuring the axial position of the movable nozzle. The infrared ranging sensor and the status monitoring sensor are electrically connected to the central controller. The dynamic spray adjustment mechanism is signal connected to the central controller.

[0008] Furthermore, the dynamic spray adjustment mechanism also includes a support frame fixed to the inner wall of the housing and a drive assembly that drives the movable nozzle connected to the water distribution device to move axially along the cooling coil. The drive assembly is located in the rotation space and is electrically connected to the central controller. The support frame includes a support beam and a reinforcing column vertically fixed to the lower end of the support beam. The reinforcing column has a sliding groove on the cooling coil side at the center line position for the movable nozzle to slide. An infrared ranging sensor is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the sliding groove.

[0009] Furthermore, the movable nozzle includes a nozzle body and a pair of limiting plates that are tilted and fixed on both sides of the nozzle body. Both sides of the reinforcing column are provided with sliding grooves that match the limiting plates, so that when the movable nozzle moves in the sliding groove, the sliding nozzle is always in an upward tilted state, thereby effectively preventing dry spots from appearing on the lower end face of the cooling coil.

[0010] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a motor, a worm gear, and a worm wheel. The motor is electrically connected to the central controller. One end of the worm gear is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotation space, and the other end is fixedly connected to the motor. The support beam and the reinforcing column are both hollow structures. The water pipe coil and the traction line coil are rotatably connected inside the support beam. The two coils rotate at the same speed through synchronous gears meshing at their ends. The water pipe coil extends into the rotation space and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotation space in the vertical direction. The worm wheel is fixedly connected to the water pipe coil and meshes with it. A water pipe is coiled on the water pipe coil. One end of the water pipe is fixedly connected to the moving nozzle, and the other end is fixedly connected to the water distribution device. One end of the traction line is fixedly connected to the side of the moving nozzle away from the cooling coil, and the other end of the traction line is fixedly connected to the traction line coil.

[0011] Furthermore, a movable space is provided inside the reinforced column for the movement of the traction line. The movable space is connected to the interior of the supporting beam. One end of the traction line, which is connected to the traction line reel, passes through the movable space and is fixed to the traction line reel, so that the movable nozzle can move away from the fan under the action of the traction line, thereby achieving dynamic cooling.

[0012] Furthermore, one end of the water pipe connected to the water distribution device is equipped with a solenoid valve, which is electrically connected to the central controller.

[0013] Furthermore, the water distribution device and water tank are located inside the housing and are externally connected via pipes and a water pump.

[0014] The present invention also provides a control system for the above-mentioned counter-flow evaporative condenser. A status monitoring sensor detects the gas / liquid state of the coolant in the cooling coil. When the coolant is in a gaseous state, it transmits a signal to the central controller. The central controller controls the dynamic spray adjustment mechanism to start adjusting and strengthening the cooling of the cooling coil. Subsequently, the status monitoring sensor continues to detect the gas / liquid state of the coolant in the cooling coil. If it is in a liquid state, it is returned to its original position. If it is in a gaseous state, the above operation is repeated.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are:

[0016] This invention can automatically adjust the position of the moving nozzle according to the monitored coolant status, so that the moving nozzle reciprocates and enhances the cooling of the cooling coil, thereby effectively reducing the occurrence of coolant being discharged before it is in liquid state and improving the cooling effect of the coolant. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a front sectional view of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the dynamic spray adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of section A in the middle;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a system flowchart of the present invention.

[0023] Explanation of the labels in the diagram:

[0024] 1. Outer shell; 2. Dynamic spray adjustment mechanism; 21. Support frame; 211. Support beam; 212. Reinforcing column; 213. Sliding groove; 22. Water pipe coil; 23. Traction line coil; 24. Traction line; 25. Water pipe; 26. Moving nozzle; 261. Nozzle body; 262. Limiting plate; 27. Motor; 28. Worm gear; 29. ​​Worm wheel; 3. Cooling coil; 4. Air inlet; 5. Water pump; 6. Fan; 7. Central controller; 8. Water distribution device; 9. Status monitoring sensor; 10. Solenoid valve; 11. Water tank; 12. Infrared ranging sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Example 1:

[0026] Please see Figures 1-6A counter-current evaporative condenser includes a housing 1, which is divided into a rotating space and a cooling space. The rotating space is located on one side of the cooling space and is connected to it. Within the cooling space, from top to bottom, a fan 6, a water distribution device 8 with several spray nozzles fixedly connected to its lower end, a cooling coil 3, and an air inlet 4 are installed sequentially. A water tank 11 is located at the lower part of the housing 1. A status monitoring sensor 9 is installed in the lower middle part of the cooling coil 3 to detect the liquid / gas state of the coolant within the cooling coil 3. A central controller 7 is located near the housing 1, and the status monitoring sensor 9 is electrically connected to the central controller 7.

[0027] The water distribution device 8 and the water tank 11 are inside the outer casing 1 and are connected to the water pump 5 via pipes.

[0028] A dynamic spray adjustment mechanism 2 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer casing 1 and the air inlet 4. The dynamic spray adjustment mechanism 2 includes a pair of support frames 21 to support the water distribution device 8, thereby reducing the influence of gravity on the water distribution device 8 and ensuring that its position does not easily change. Each pair of support frames 21 includes a support beam 211 and a pair of reinforcing columns 212. The pair of reinforcing columns 212 are fixedly connected to the lower end of the support beam 211 and serve as reinforcing ribs to further enhance the stability of the support beam 211 and prevent its position from shifting.

[0029] The supporting beam 211 is a hollow structure, internally connected to a water pipe coil 22 and a traction line coil 23. Both ends of the water pipe coil 22 and the traction line coil 23 are fixed with meshing gears, allowing them to rotate synchronously. This synchronous rotation ensures the water pipe and traction line are evenly wound and released on the coils. A partition plate (such as...) is provided inside the reinforcing column 212. Figure 3 (As shown in the bold black area in the middle), the partition plate divides the internal space of the reinforcing column 212 into two connected parts, and the connection point is far away from the supporting beam 211 to form a U-shaped moving space for placing the traction line.

[0030] like Figures 3-5As shown, a sliding groove is formed along the centerline of the side of the reinforcing column 212 facing the cooling coil 3. A movable nozzle 26 is slidably connected within the sliding groove, and the moving space is connected to the sliding groove. An infrared ranging sensor 12 is installed at the bottom of the sliding groove, and the infrared ranging sensor 12 is signal-connected to the central controller 7. The movable nozzle 26 includes a nozzle body 261 and a pair of limiting plates 262. The pair of limiting plates 262 are obliquely fixed on both sides of the nozzle body 261. Sliding grooves 213 matching the limiting plates 262 are formed on both sides of the reinforcing column 212. When the movable nozzle 26 slides vertically within the sliding groove, the nozzle body 261 is always in an upward tilted state under the action of the pair of limiting plates 262, thereby keeping the nozzle body 261 spraying upward at an angle, effectively preventing dry spots from appearing on the lower end face of the cooling coil 3, thus ensuring efficient and uniform cooling of the condenser. This design not only allows the movable nozzle 26 to adjust its position as needed to optimize the cooling effect, but also avoids the decrease in cooling efficiency caused by uneven water film distribution, thereby improving the overall performance and reliability of the condenser.

[0031] Holes are provided on the side of the supporting beam 211 facing the cooling coil 3, at its upper end, and at the upper end of the reinforcing column 212. A water pipe 25 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the nozzle body 261. The water pipe 25 passes through the holes on the supporting beam 211 and the reinforcing column 212 and is then wound up to the outer end of the water pipe coil 22. The other end of the water pipe 25 passes through the hole at the upper end of the supporting beam 211 and is fixedly connected to the lower end of the water distribution device 8. A solenoid valve 10 is fixedly connected to one end of the water pipe 25 connected to the water distribution device 8 to control the water spray volume of the moving nozzle 26 as needed, thereby achieving precise cooling of the cooling coil 3.

[0032] On the side of the nozzle body 261, a traction cable 24 is fixedly connected between a pair of limiting plates 262. The traction cable 24 passes through the space inside the reinforcing column 212 and is fixedly connected to the traction cable reel 23.

[0033] The end of the water pipe coil 22 furthest from the water pump 5 extends into the rotation space and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotation space. A worm gear 29 is fixedly connected to the water pipe coil 22 located in the rotation space, and a worm 28 that meshes with the worm gear 29 is rotatably connected in the rotation space. One end of the worm 28 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotation space, and the other end passes through the outer casing 1 and is fixedly connected to the transmission rod of the motor 27.

[0034] The electric motor 27 and the solenoid valve 10 are electrically connected to the central controller 7.

[0035] Under normal operating conditions, the movable nozzle 26 is located at the upper end of the cooling coil 3, and the solenoid valve 10 controls the water flow in the water pipe 25 to be shut off. At this time, the water pipe 25 is wound up on the water pipe coil rod 22, while the traction line 24 remains slack and does not move the movable nozzle 26.

[0036] When the condenser is working, the water distribution device 8 supplies water from the water tank 11 by the water pump 5 and sprays it onto the cooling coil 3, so that the sprayed water film evenly covers the surface of the cooling coil 3, causing the coolant gas inside the cooling coil 3 to liquefy and be discharged. The fan 6 causes the external air to enter from the air inlet 4 from bottom to top and form a reverse contact with the sprayed water, prolonging the contact time between the water film and the air, enhancing the evaporation efficiency. The unevaporated water falls back into the water tank 11 and is lifted by the water pump 5 to form a circulating cooling.

[0037] During the coolant discharge process, the state monitoring sensor 9 continuously monitors the gas / liquid state inside the cooling coil 3. Normally, the state monitoring sensor 9 is located in the lower half of the cooling coil 3, where the internal gas has essentially been converted into liquid (this location can be determined based on experience during actual use). When the state monitoring sensor 9 detects a gaseous state at its location, it indicates a cooling problem in that area of ​​the cooling coil 3. The sensor immediately transmits a signal to the central controller 7, which then controls the motor 27 and solenoid valve 10 to work together. This causes the worm gear 28 and worm wheel 29 to rotate, the traction coil 23 to simultaneously wind up the traction wire 24, and the water pipe coil 22 to simultaneously release the water pipe 25. This allows the moving nozzle 26 to move within the sliding groove 213 under gravity while spraying the lower half of the cooling coil 3, increasing the spray intensity and accelerating liquid conversion, effectively preventing the coolant from being discharged before it reaches a liquid state. When the infrared ranging sensor 12 detects that the moving nozzle 26 has moved from the top to the bottom limit position, the moving nozzle 26 has completed half of the spraying cycle. If the status monitoring sensor 9 detects that the cooling coil 3 at this position is still filled with gas, the controller 7 controls the motor 27 and the solenoid valve 10 to continue to work together, controlling the worm gear 28 and the worm wheel 29 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the moving nozzle 26 moves upward and sprays the lower half of the cooling coil 3 in the sliding groove 213 (note that the moving nozzle 26 does not move to the limit position here, but only moves upward to spray the middle of the vertical height of the cooling coil 3). The moving nozzle 26 then completes the other half of the spraying cycle. The status monitoring sensor 9 continues to monitor until the cooling coil 3 at this position is filled with liquid, then controls the moving nozzle 26 to move upward and return to the limit position to return to its original position. Otherwise, the moving nozzle 26 continues to move up and down and spray the lower half of the cooling coil 3. In practical applications, an alarm can also be connected to the central controller 7 to notify the staff that the status monitoring sensor 9 has detected an abnormal situation where the interior is in a gaseous state.

[0038] The aforementioned condition monitoring sensor 9 is preferably an external clamp type; in specific practical applications, clamp-type electromagnetic / optical sensors, sensors combining acoustic waves and optical fibers, or any detection device suitable for this application that can detect whether the coolant inside the pipeline is in a liquid or gaseous state can be installed as needed.

Claims

1. A counter-current evaporative condenser, characterized in that: The device includes a housing (1) and a central controller (7) located outside the housing (1). The housing (1) is divided into a cooling space and a rotating space connected to the cooling space. In the cooling space, a fan (6), a water distribution device (8) and a cooling coil (3) are installed from top to bottom. Air inlets (4) are opened on both sides of the housing (1), and a water tank (11) is left at the bottom. The water tank (11) and the water distribution device (8) are connected outside the housing (1). A status monitoring sensor (9) is installed in the middle and lower part of the cooling coil (3). A dynamic spray adjustment mechanism (2) is connected to the lower end of the water distribution device (8). The dynamic spray adjustment mechanism (2) includes at least one movable nozzle (26) that moves along the axial direction of the cooling coil (3) and an infrared distance sensor (12) for measuring the axial position of the movable nozzle (26). The infrared distance sensor (12) and the status monitoring sensor (9) are electrically connected to the central controller (7). The dynamic spray adjustment mechanism (2) is signal connected to the central controller (7). The dynamic spray adjustment mechanism (2) also includes a support frame (21) fixed to the inner wall of the outer shell (1) and a drive assembly that drives the movable nozzle (26) connected to the water distribution device (8) to move along the axial direction of the cooling coil (3). The drive assembly is located in the rotation space and is electrically connected to the central controller (7). The support frame (21) includes a support beam (211) and a reinforcing column (212) vertically fixed to the lower end of the support beam (211). The reinforcing column (212) has a sliding slot for the movable nozzle (26) to slide on the side facing the cooling coil (3) and at the center line position. The infrared ranging sensor (12) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the sliding slot. The movable nozzle (26) includes a nozzle body (261) and a pair of limiting plates (262) that are inclined and fixed on both sides of the nozzle body (261). The reinforcing column (212) has sliding grooves (213) on both sides that match the limiting plates (262). The drive assembly includes a motor (27), a worm (28), and a worm wheel (29). The motor (27) is electrically connected to the central controller (7). One end of the worm (28) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotation space, and the other end is fixedly connected to the motor (27). The support beam (211) and the reinforcing column (212) are both hollow structures. The water pipe coil rod (22) and the traction line coil rod (23) are rotatably connected inside the support beam (211). The two coil rods rotate at the same speed through synchronous gears meshing at their ends. The water pipe coil rod (22) rotates towards the center. The moving space extends and rotates to connect with the inner wall of the rotating space in the vertical direction. The worm gear (29) is fixedly connected to the water pipe coil (22) and meshes with the worm (28). A water pipe (25) is coiled on the water pipe coil (22). One end of the water pipe (25) is fixedly connected to the moving nozzle (26), and the other end is fixedly connected to the water distribution device (8). One end of the traction line (24) is fixedly connected to the side of the moving nozzle (26) away from the cooling coil (3), and the other end of the traction line (24) is fixedly connected to the traction line coil (23). Inside the reinforcing column (212), there is a partition plate that divides the internal space of the reinforcing column (212) into two connected parts, and the connection point is far away from the supporting beam (211) to form a U-shaped moving space for placing the traction line; the moving space is connected to the inside of the supporting beam (211), and the end of the traction line (24) connected to the traction line reel (23) passes through the moving space and is fixed on the traction line reel (23).

2. The counter-current evaporative condenser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water pipe (25) is connected to the water distribution device (8) at one end, and a solenoid valve (10) is provided. The solenoid valve (10) is electrically connected to the central controller (7).

3. A counter-current evaporative condenser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water distribution device (8) and the water tank (11) are inside the outer casing (1) and are connected to the outside via pipes and water pump (5).

4. The control system for a counter-flow evaporative condenser according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The status monitoring sensor (9) detects the gas / liquid state of the coolant in the cooling coil (3). When the coolant is in a gaseous state, it transmits the signal to the central controller (7). The central controller (7) controls the dynamic spray adjustment mechanism (2) to start adjusting to enhance the cooling of the cooling coil (3). If it is in a liquid state, it returns to its original position.

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