Intelligent Monitoring Device for Water Conservancy Soil and Water Loss Based on Remote Sensing Technology

Abstract

The invention relates to an intelligent monitoring device for water conservancy and soil erosion based on remote sensing technology, which specifically relates to the field of soil erosion monitoring. The device comprises a remote sensing device body, on which a control center device, a hyperspectral sensor and a positioning and imaging device are installed. The control center device is connected to a data acquisition module, a data processing module and an intelligent monitoring and decision-making module. The data acquisition module is used to monitor and obtain vegetation coverage information, rainfall information, soil sampling information, terrain information and soil and water conservation characteristics in real time. The data processing module compares the soil erosion correction characteristics with the soil erosion baseline characteristics and obtains vegetation coverage correction information. The intelligent monitoring and decision-making module is used to receive and execute the adjustment direction of the vegetation coverage correction information. The present invention can realize real-time correction of vegetation coverage and monitor soil erosion according to the corrected vegetation coverage, thereby achieving the purpose of intelligent monitoring and decision-making adjustment of water conservancy and soil erosion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil and water loss monitoring, in particular to a water conservancy soil and water loss intelligent monitoring device based on remote sensing technology. Background Art

[0002] Soil and water loss monitoring is crucial in the fields of water conservancy projects and ecological and environmental protection. Soil and water loss not only leads to a decline in soil fertility and land degradation, but can also trigger a series of ecological and environmental problems, including river siltation and flooding. Traditional soil and water loss monitoring methods rely primarily on field surveys and manual sampling, which suffer from limited monitoring coverage, poor timeliness, and high costs.

[0003] With the development of remote sensing technology, remote sensing images can be used to obtain surface information over a large area, providing a new means for soil and water loss monitoring.

[0004] In the existing technology, soil erosion is estimated only based on vegetation cover, rainfall, and topographic factors, without considering the impact of dynamic changes in overland flow velocity on soil erosion, making the monitoring results unable to accurately reflect the actual soil and water loss situation.

[0005] In some models, the overland flow velocity is regarded as a fixed value, without considering that changes in vegetation cover will lead to changes in overland flow velocity, thereby affecting the calculation results of soil erosion.

[0006] In addition, most existing soil and water loss monitoring systems are static and lack a mechanism for dynamic adjustment based on real-time monitoring data. Once the initial monitoring parameters and models are set, it is difficult to make timely adjustments based on changes in actual conditions, and they are unable to adapt to the complex and changeable soil and water loss process.

[0007] Therefore, those skilled in the art have provided an intelligent water conservancy and soil erosion monitoring device based on remote sensing technology to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide an intelligent water conservancy soil erosion monitoring device based on remote sensing technology, so as to take into account the influence of overland flow velocity on soil erosion, the influence of vegetation on overland flow velocity, and establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism.

[0009] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] An intelligent water conservancy and soil erosion monitoring device based on remote sensing technology includes a remote sensing device body on which a control center device, a hyperspectral sensor, and a positioning and imaging device are installed;

[0011] The control center device is connected to a data acquisition module, a data processing module, and an intelligent monitoring and decision-making module, and the output ends of the hyperspectral sensor and the positioning and imaging device are connected to the data acquisition module;

[0012] The data acquisition module is used to monitor and obtain vegetation cover information, rainfall information, soil sampling information, terrain information and soil and water conservation characteristics in real time, and transmit the information to the data processing module;

[0013] Used to monitor and obtain the velocity characteristics of overland flow in real time and transmit them to the data processing module;

[0014] The data processing module is used to obtain the characteristics of the impact of vegetation on flow velocity obtained and stored in the experimental stage;

[0015] Obtain the soil erosion baseline characteristics and soil erosion step increments obtained and stored during the initial setup phase;

[0016] Acquiring soil erosion characteristics based on the vegetation cover information, the rainfall information, the soil sampling information, the terrain information, and the soil and water conservation characteristics;

[0017] Obtaining a correction characteristic of the overland flow velocity according to the overland flow velocity characteristic, the vegetation influence characteristic on the flow velocity, and the vegetation coverage information;

[0018] obtaining a soil erosion amount correction feature according to the overland flow velocity correction feature, the overland flow velocity feature, and the soil erosion amount feature;

[0019] According to the comparison result of the soil erosion amount correction feature and the soil erosion baseline feature, the adjustment direction is determined, and vegetation cover correction information is obtained;

[0020] The intelligent monitoring and decision-making module is used to receive and execute the adjustment direction of the vegetation cover correction information;

[0021] Among them, each water and soil type area will set ideal vegetation coverage information, ideal rainfall information, ideal soil sampling information, ideal terrain information, ideal soil and water conservation characteristics, ideal overland flow velocity characteristics, ideal vegetation coverage information and ideal vegetation impact characteristics during the initial setting stage;

[0022] According to the set ideal vegetation cover information, ideal rainfall information, ideal soil sampling information, ideal terrain information and ideal soil and water conservation characteristics, the ideal characteristics of soil erosion are obtained;

[0023] According to the ideal overland flow velocity characteristics, the ideal flow velocity impact characteristics and the ideal vegetation coverage information, the ideal overland flow velocity correction characteristics are obtained;

[0024] The soil erosion baseline characteristics are obtained based on the ideal overland flow velocity correction characteristics, the ideal overland flow velocity characteristics and the ideal soil erosion amount characteristics.

[0025] Further: the data acquisition module includes a remote sensing acquisition unit, a meteorological acquisition unit and a soil slope acquisition unit;

[0026] Remote sensing acquisition unit: used for acquiring the vegetation coverage information transmitted by the hyperspectral sensor;

[0027] Meteorological collection unit: used for acquiring the rainfall information transmitted by the weather station;

[0028] Soil slope collection unit: used to obtain the soil sampling information transmitted by the soil analysis equipment, the terrain information and the soil and water conservation characteristics transmitted by the positioning and imaging equipment, and the overland flow velocity characteristics transmitted by the flow velocity measurement equipment;

[0029] Among them, the soil analysis equipment, weather station and flow velocity measurement equipment are ground collection equipment that are not mounted on the main body of the remote sensing equipment. However, the output ends of the soil analysis equipment, weather station and flow velocity measurement equipment are wirelessly connected to the data acquisition module, thereby transmitting the collected soil sampling information, soil and water conservation characteristics and overland flow velocity characteristics to the data acquisition module in real time.

[0030] Further: the data processing module includes an overland flow velocity correction unit, a soil erosion improvement unit, a dynamic vegetation cover adjustment unit and a storage unit;

[0031] The overland flow velocity correction unit is used to obtain the overland flow velocity correction feature;

[0032] The soil erosion improvement unit is used to obtain the soil erosion amount correction feature;

[0033] The dynamic vegetation coverage adjustment unit is configured to obtain the vegetation coverage correction information;

[0034] The storage unit is used to obtain the vegetation impact on flow velocity characteristics, the soil erosion baseline characteristics and the soil erosion step increase;

[0035] The overland flow velocity correction feature, the soil erosion amount correction feature and the vegetation cover correction information are acquired and stored in real time.

[0036] Further: the overland flow velocity correction unit obtains the degree of influence of vegetation coverage on overland flow velocity according to the product of the vegetation influence characteristic on flow velocity and the vegetation coverage information;

[0037] Subtracting the impact degree feature from a constant 1 to obtain the non-impact degree feature;

[0038] The overland flow velocity correction feature is obtained according to the unaffected degree feature and the overland flow velocity feature.

[0039] Further: The characteristics of the influence of vegetation on flow velocity were obtained through specific experiments in the experimental phase as follows:

[0040] Divide the experimental area into m experimental sub-areas, and any of the experimental sub-areas includes an area with vegetation coverage and an area without vegetation coverage;

[0041] In the vegetation-covered area and the non-vegetation-covered area, overland flow velocity monitoring points are respectively set;

[0042] The data acquisition module is used to monitor the slope flow velocity monitoring points and obtain the slope flow velocity va of m covered monitoring points. i and the surface flow velocity vb at uncovered monitoring points i ;

[0043] The overland flow velocity of the uncovered monitoring point in the same test sub-area is subtracted from the overland flow velocity of the covered monitoring point, that is, , obtain the velocity difference characteristics of overland flow in any area ab i ;

[0044] Divide the overland flow velocity difference characteristic by the overland flow velocity at the uncovered monitoring point, that is, , obtain the single-region influence characteristics of vegetation on flow velocity in any area;

[0045] According to the single-area influence characteristics of the vegetation on flow velocity in the m test sub-areas, the influence characteristics of the vegetation on flow velocity are obtained. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0046] .

[0047] Further: the soil erosion improvement unit divides the overland flow velocity correction characteristic by the overland flow velocity characteristic to obtain a velocity impact characteristic;

[0048] The soil erosion amount correction feature is obtained according to the soil erosion amount feature and the flow velocity influence feature.

[0049] Further: the comparison results include:

[0050] The soil erosion correction characteristic is greater than or equal to the soil erosion baseline characteristic;

[0051] The soil erosion correction characteristic is smaller than the soil erosion baseline characteristic;

[0052] The adjustment directions include:

[0053] Increase vegetation cover;

[0054] Maintaining vegetation cover;

[0055] The vegetation cover correction information includes a vegetation cover increase feature and a vegetation cover maintenance feature.

[0056] Further: the dynamic vegetation cover adjustment unit divides the soil erosion amount correction feature by the soil erosion baseline feature to obtain an adjusted erosion degree feature;

[0057] Obtaining, based on the vegetation cover information, the adjusted erosion degree characteristic, and the soil erosion step increase, the vegetation cover increase characteristic, wherein the adjustment direction is to increase vegetation cover when the soil erosion amount correction characteristic is greater than or equal to the soil erosion baseline characteristic;

[0058] When the soil erosion amount correction characteristic is less than the soil erosion baseline characteristic, the adjustment direction is to maintain vegetation coverage, that is, directly obtain and output the vegetation coverage maintaining characteristic that is equal to the vegetation coverage information.

[0059] The effects of the above solution are as follows:

[0060] 1. The present invention takes into account the influence of vegetation coverage on the overland flow velocity by introducing vegetation velocity impact characteristics and vegetation coverage information into the data processing module. Among them, the higher the vegetation coverage information reflecting the vegetation coverage, the greater the obstruction to the overland flow velocity, and the smaller the overland flow velocity correction characteristics obtained thereby.

[0061] 2. The present invention incorporates the change of overland flow velocity into the calculation of soil erosion by introducing the ratio of the overland flow velocity correction characteristic and the overland flow velocity characteristic. When the overland flow velocity changes, the calculated result of soil erosion can be adjusted in time, so that the monitoring results can more accurately reflect the actual soil and water loss situation.

[0062] 3. The present invention determines the adjustment direction based on the comparison results of the soil erosion correction characteristics and the soil erosion baseline characteristics, and dynamically adjusts the vegetation coverage information, thereby establishing a dynamic adjustment mechanism that can timely adjust the vegetation coverage according to the real-time monitored soil erosion situation, thereby realizing intelligent regulation of soil and water loss.

[0063] The specific dynamic adjustment is that when the monitoring obtains that the soil erosion correction characteristics exceed the soil erosion baseline characteristics, the vegetation cover correction information is added in a timely manner, which helps to reduce the overland flow velocity and soil erosion amount, thereby effectively controlling soil and water loss. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] Figure 1 This is a front view of the main body of the remote sensing device of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 2 A bottom view of the main body of the remote sensing device of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of each module in the control center device of the present invention.

[0067] In the figure: 1-remote sensing equipment body, 2-control center device, 3-hyperspectral sensor, 4-positioning and imaging equipment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely introduced below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0069] For example 1, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 The intelligent monitoring device for water conservancy and soil erosion based on remote sensing technology includes a remote sensing device body 1, on which a control center device 2, a hyperspectral sensor 3 and a positioning and imaging device 4 are installed;

[0070] The control center device 2 is connected to a data acquisition module, a data processing module, and an intelligent monitoring and decision-making module. The output ends of the hyperspectral sensor 3 and the positioning and imaging device 4 are connected to the data acquisition module.

[0071] The data acquisition module is used to monitor and obtain vegetation cover information, rainfall information, soil sampling information, terrain information and soil and water conservation characteristics in real time, and transmit it to the data processing module;

[0072] Used to monitor and obtain the velocity characteristics of overland flow in real time and transmit them to the data processing module;

[0073] A data processing module is used to obtain the characteristics of the impact of vegetation on flow velocity obtained and stored during the experimental phase;

[0074] Obtain the soil erosion baseline characteristics and soil erosion step increments obtained and stored during the initial setup phase;

[0075] Obtain soil erosion characteristics based on vegetation cover information, rainfall information, soil sampling information, terrain information, and soil and water conservation characteristics;

[0076] Obtain the overland flow velocity correction characteristics based on overland flow velocity characteristics, vegetation impact characteristics on flow velocity, and vegetation coverage information;

[0077] According to the overland flow velocity correction characteristics, overland flow velocity characteristics and soil erosion characteristics, the soil erosion correction characteristics are obtained;

[0078] Based on the comparison results of the soil erosion correction characteristics and the soil erosion baseline characteristics, the adjustment direction is determined and the vegetation cover correction information is obtained;

[0079] The intelligent monitoring and decision-making module is used to receive and execute the adjustment direction of vegetation cover correction information.

[0080] The data acquisition module includes a remote sensing acquisition unit, a meteorological acquisition unit and a soil slope acquisition unit;

[0081] Remote sensing acquisition unit: used to obtain vegetation coverage information transmitted by the hyperspectral sensor 3;

[0082] Meteorological collection unit: used to obtain rainfall information transmitted by the weather station;

[0083] Soil slope collection unit: used to obtain soil sampling information transmitted by the soil analysis equipment, the terrain information and soil and water conservation characteristics transmitted by the positioning and imaging equipment 4, and the slope flow velocity characteristics transmitted by the flow velocity measurement equipment.

[0084] The data processing module includes an overland flow velocity correction unit, a soil erosion improvement unit, a dynamic vegetation cover adjustment unit and a storage unit;

[0085] Overland flow velocity correction unit: used to obtain overland flow velocity correction characteristics;

[0086] Soil erosion improvement unit: used to obtain soil erosion correction characteristics;

[0087] Dynamically adjust vegetation cover unit: used to obtain vegetation cover correction information;

[0088] Storage unit: used to obtain the characteristics of vegetation impact on flow velocity, soil erosion baseline characteristics and soil erosion step increase;

[0089] Acquire and store the overland flow velocity correction characteristics, soil erosion correction characteristics and vegetation cover correction information in real time.

[0090] In this embodiment, the overland flow velocity correction unit can accurately obtain the overland flow velocity correction characteristics by using the soil slope acquisition unit in the data acquisition module to collect overland flow velocity characteristics, the remote sensing acquisition unit to collect vegetation cover information, and the vegetation impact characteristics on flow velocity stored in the storage unit.

[0091] The soil erosion improvement unit further corrects the soil erosion amount based on the results of the overland flow velocity correction characteristics and obtains the soil erosion correction characteristics, thereby improving the accuracy of soil erosion calculation;

[0092] Dynamically adjust vegetation cover information based on the comparison between the corrected soil erosion characteristics and the baseline soil erosion characteristics, and execute the adjustment direction through the intelligent monitoring and decision-making module;

[0093] The three form a closed loop, enabling the water conservancy and soil erosion intelligent monitoring device based on remote sensing technology to monitor soil erosion conditions in real time and accurately, and realize intelligent regulation, effectively improving the efficiency and effectiveness of soil erosion control.

[0094] Among them, vegetation coverage information is the spectral information of vegetation obtained by the remote sensing acquisition unit using the hyperspectral sensor carried by the remote sensing satellite, and the vegetation coverage is quantified by normalizing the spectral information.

[0095] The meteorological collection unit uses the rain gauge and raindrop spectrometer of the weather station;

[0096] The rain gauge records rainfall, and the raindrop spectrometer measures raindrop size and velocity information to obtain rainfall erosion that reflects rainfall information.

[0097] The soil slope collection unit obtains soil samples with the help of a soil sampler;

[0098] Then, the soil particle composition was analyzed using a particle size analyzer in the laboratory, and the soil organic matter content was measured using an organic matter analyzer. Based on this, the soil erodibility factor reflecting the soil sampling information was obtained;

[0099] Obtain terrain factors reflecting terrain information through remote sensing images and digital elevation models;

[0100] The soil and water conservation characteristics are analyzed by combining field surveys and remote sensing images to identify the types of soil and water conservation measures in the study area, and then determine the soil and water conservation measure factors that reflect the soil and water conservation characteristics;

[0101] The above calculation formulas for calculating vegetation cover information, rainfall information, soil sampling information, terrain information and soil and water conservation characteristics are all existing technologies and will not be repeated here.

[0102] See also Figure 3 The characteristics of vegetation's impact on flow velocity were obtained through specific experiments in the experimental phase as follows:

[0103] The experimental area is divided into m experimental sub-areas, and any experimental sub-area includes areas with vegetation coverage and areas without vegetation coverage;

[0104] Overland flow velocity monitoring points are set up in areas with vegetation coverage and areas without vegetation coverage;

[0105] Use the data acquisition module to monitor the overland flow velocity monitoring points and obtain the overland flow velocity va of m covered monitoring points i and the surface flow velocity vb at uncovered monitoring points i ;

[0106] The overland flow velocity at the uncovered monitoring point in the same test sub-area is subtracted from the overland flow velocity at the covered monitoring point, that is, , obtain the velocity difference characteristics of overland flow in any area ab i ;

[0107] Divide the overland flow velocity difference characteristic by the overland flow velocity at the uncovered monitoring point, that is, , obtain the single-region influence characteristics of vegetation on flow velocity in any area;

[0108] The overland flow velocity correction unit obtains the degree of influence of vegetation coverage on overland flow velocity based on the product of the vegetation influence characteristic on flow velocity and vegetation coverage information;

[0109] Subtract the influence degree feature from the constant 1 to obtain the non-influence degree feature;

[0110] Obtaining the overland flow velocity correction characteristics according to the unaffected degree characteristics and overland flow velocity characteristics;

[0111] The calculation formula of the overland flow velocity correction characteristic is as follows:

[0112] ;

[0113] in:

[0114] v1 is the slope flow velocity correction feature, v0 is the slope flow velocity feature, l is the vegetation impact feature on flow velocity, and FG is the vegetation coverage information;

[0115] In this embodiment, in the slope flow velocity correction unit In the paper, the vegetation impact characteristics l and vegetation coverage information FG are introduced to accurately reflect the hindering effect of vegetation coverage on overland flow velocity;

[0116] When the vegetation coverage information FG is high, The value of The value of becomes smaller, so that the overland flow velocity correction characteristic v1 is smaller than the overland flow velocity characteristic v0, which reflects the effect of vegetation in slowing down the overland flow velocity and makes the calculation of the overland flow velocity more consistent with the actual situation.

[0117] See also Figure 3 ,The soil erosion improvement unit divides the overland flow velocity correction characteristic by the overland flow velocity characteristic to obtain the velocity impact characteristic;

[0118] According to the soil erosion amount characteristics and flow velocity influence characteristics, the soil erosion amount correction characteristics are obtained;

[0119] The calculation formula of soil erosion correction characteristics is as follows:

[0120] ;

[0121] ;

[0122] in:

[0123] Q1 is the soil erosion correction characteristic;

[0124] Q0 is the soil erosion amount characteristic;

[0125] A is vegetation cover information, B is rainfall information, C is soil sampling information, D is topographic information, and E is soil and water conservation characteristics;

[0126] In this embodiment, the soil erosion improvement unit introduces the ratio of the overland flow velocity correction feature v1 to the overland flow velocity feature v0. , incorporating the change of overland flow velocity into the calculation of soil erosion;

[0127] When the overland flow velocity increases, When the ratio is greater than 1, the soil erosion correction characteristic Q1 will increase;

[0128] When the overland flow velocity decreases, When the ratio is less than 1, the soil erosion correction characteristic Q1 will decrease, so that the calculated soil erosion amount can better reflect the actual situation.

[0129] See also Figure 3 , the comparison results include:

[0130] The soil erosion correction characteristic is greater than or equal to the soil erosion baseline characteristic;

[0131] The soil erosion correction characteristic is smaller than the soil erosion baseline characteristic;

[0132] Adjustment directions include:

[0133] Increase vegetation cover;

[0134] Maintaining vegetation cover;

[0135] Vegetation cover correction information includes vegetation cover increase characteristics and vegetation cover maintenance characteristics;

[0136] Dynamically adjust the vegetation cover unit by dividing the soil erosion correction characteristic by the soil erosion baseline characteristic to obtain the adjusted erosion degree characteristic;

[0137] According to the vegetation cover information, the adjusted erosion degree characteristic and the soil erosion step increase, a vegetation cover increase characteristic is obtained, in which the adjustment direction is to increase the vegetation cover when the soil erosion amount correction characteristic is greater than or equal to the soil erosion baseline characteristic;

[0138] When the soil erosion correction characteristic is less than the soil erosion baseline characteristic, the adjustment direction is to maintain vegetation cover, that is, directly obtain the vegetation cover maintenance characteristic whose output is equal to the vegetation cover information.

[0139] The calculation formula for vegetation cover correction information is as follows:

[0140] ;

[0141] FG new1 To adjust the direction of vegetation cover to increase the vegetation cover, FG new2 Maintaining characteristics for vegetation cover equal to vegetation cover information;

[0142] △F is the soil erosion step increase, and its value is {0-0.5};

[0143] Q is the soil erosion baseline characteristic.

[0144] In this embodiment, the dynamic vegetation cover adjustment unit dynamically adjusts the vegetation cover information according to the comparison result between the soil erosion correction feature Q1 and the soil erosion reference feature Q.

[0145] Increase vegetation cover when soil erosion exceeds baseline levels;

[0146] When soil erosion is within the baseline range, maintain the current vegetation cover;

[0147] This dynamic adjustment mechanism can take timely measures based on real-time monitoring of soil erosion conditions, thereby improving the pertinence and effectiveness of soil and water loss control.

[0148] Vegetation cover correction information is fed back to the entire monitoring system as new vegetation cover information, affecting subsequent calculations, and thus forming a closed-loop feedback adjustment mechanism, enabling the monitoring system to continuously adapt to changes in actual conditions and continuously optimize soil and water loss monitoring and control effects.

[0149] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. Intelligent water conservancy and soil erosion monitoring device based on remote sensing technology, characterized by: The remote sensing device comprises a main body (1), wherein a control center device (2), a hyperspectral sensor (3) and a positioning and imaging device (4) are installed on the main body (1); The control center device (2) is internally connected to a data acquisition module, a data processing module, and an intelligent monitoring and decision-making module, and the output ends of the hyperspectral sensor (3) and the positioning and imaging device (4) are connected to the data acquisition module; The data acquisition module is used to monitor and obtain vegetation cover information, rainfall information, soil sampling information, terrain information and soil and water conservation characteristics in real time, and transmit the information to the data processing module; Used to monitor and obtain the velocity characteristics of overland flow in real time and transmit them to the data processing module; The data processing module is used to obtain the characteristics of the impact of vegetation on flow velocity obtained and stored in the experimental stage; Obtain the soil erosion baseline characteristics and soil erosion step increments obtained and stored during the initial setup phase; Acquiring soil erosion characteristics based on the vegetation cover information, the rainfall information, the soil sampling information, the terrain information, and the soil and water conservation characteristics; Obtaining a characteristic of the degree of influence of vegetation coverage on overland flow velocity according to the product of the vegetation impact characteristic on flow velocity and the vegetation coverage information; Subtract the influence degree feature from the constant 1 to obtain the non-influence degree feature; Obtaining a modified overland flow velocity characteristic according to a product of the unaffected degree characteristic and the overland flow velocity characteristic; Dividing the overland flow velocity correction characteristic by the overland flow velocity characteristic to obtain a velocity influence characteristic; Obtaining a soil erosion amount correction feature according to the product of the soil erosion amount feature and the flow velocity influence feature; Dividing the soil erosion correction characteristic by the soil erosion baseline characteristic to obtain an adjusted erosion degree characteristic; Obtaining, based on the vegetation cover information, the adjusted erosion degree characteristic, and the soil erosion step increase, a vegetation cover increase characteristic whose adjustment direction is to increase vegetation cover when the soil erosion amount correction characteristic is greater than or equal to the soil erosion baseline characteristic, and outputting the sum of the product of the adjusted erosion degree characteristic and the soil erosion step increase and the vegetation cover information; When the soil erosion correction characteristic is less than the soil erosion baseline characteristic, the adjustment direction is to maintain vegetation coverage, that is, directly obtaining and outputting a vegetation coverage maintenance characteristic that is equal to the vegetation coverage information; The intelligent monitoring and decision-making module is used to receive and execute the adjustment direction of vegetation cover correction information.

2. The intelligent water conservancy and soil erosion monitoring device based on remote sensing technology according to claim 1 is characterized by: The data acquisition module includes a remote sensing acquisition unit, a meteorological acquisition unit and a soil slope acquisition unit; Remote sensing acquisition unit: used for acquiring the vegetation coverage information transmitted by the hyperspectral sensor (3); Meteorological collection unit: used for acquiring the rainfall information transmitted by the weather station; Soil slope collection unit: used to obtain the soil sampling information transmitted by the soil analysis equipment, the terrain information and the soil and water conservation characteristics transmitted by the positioning and imaging equipment (4), and the slope flow velocity characteristics transmitted by the flow velocity measurement equipment.

3. The intelligent water conservancy and soil erosion monitoring device based on remote sensing technology according to claim 2 is characterized by: The data processing module includes an overland flow velocity correction unit, a soil erosion improvement unit, a dynamic vegetation cover adjustment unit and a storage unit; The overland flow velocity correction unit is used to obtain the overland flow velocity correction feature; The soil erosion improvement unit is used to obtain the soil erosion amount correction feature; The dynamic vegetation coverage adjustment unit is configured to obtain the vegetation coverage correction information; The storage unit is used to obtain the vegetation impact on flow velocity characteristics, the soil erosion baseline characteristics and the soil erosion step increase; The overland flow velocity correction feature, the soil erosion amount correction feature and the vegetation cover correction information are acquired and stored in real time.

4. The intelligent water conservancy and soil erosion monitoring device based on remote sensing technology according to claim 3 is characterized by: The characteristics of the impact of vegetation on flow velocity were obtained through specific experiments in the experimental phase as follows: Divide the experimental area into m experimental sub-areas, and any of the experimental sub-areas includes an area with vegetation coverage and an area without vegetation coverage; In the vegetation-covered area and the non-vegetation-covered area, overland flow velocity monitoring points are respectively set; Using the data acquisition module, the overland flow velocity monitoring points are monitored, and the overland flow velocities of m covered monitoring points and m uncovered monitoring points are obtained; Subtracting the overland flow velocity of the uncovered monitoring point from the overland flow velocity of the covered monitoring point in the same test sub-area to obtain the overland flow velocity difference characteristic of any area; Dividing the overland flow velocity difference characteristic by the overland flow velocity at the uncovered monitoring point to obtain a single-region influence characteristic of vegetation on flow velocity in any region; The vegetation impact characteristics on flow velocity are obtained according to the single-region impact characteristics of the vegetation on flow velocity in the m test sub-regions.

5. The intelligent water conservancy and soil erosion monitoring device based on remote sensing technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The comparison results of the soil erosion correction feature and the soil erosion baseline feature include: The soil erosion correction characteristic is greater than or equal to the soil erosion baseline characteristic; The soil erosion correction characteristic is smaller than the soil erosion baseline characteristic; The adjustment directions include: Increase vegetation cover; Maintaining vegetation cover; The vegetation cover correction information includes a vegetation cover increase feature and a vegetation cover maintenance feature.

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