Investigation and evaluation method for integrated protection and restoration status of mountain, water, forest field, lake and grass

Abstract

The invention discloses a mountain, water, forest field, lake and grass integrated protection and restoration status investigation and evaluation method, and relates to the technical field of ecological protection and restoration. The method comprises the following steps: dividing a target area into a plurality of ecological monitoring units, and obtaining a subjective data index set and an objective data index set of the ecological monitoring units; according to the subjective data index set and the objective data index set of the ecological monitoring unit, calculating a subjective weight value and an objective weight value of the ecological monitoring unit, and then obtaining a dynamic weight value of the ecological monitoring unit; and based on the dynamic weight value of the ecological monitoring unit, constructing a fuzzy evaluation model based on a Gaussian membership function, obtaining a comprehensive evaluation value of the target area, and performing qualitative evaluation on the ecological quality of the target area according to the comprehensive evaluation value. According to the invention, a scientific basis can be provided for management and evaluation of ecological restoration projects, and project managers can be helped to clearly understand the progress and effect of restoration work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ecological protection and restoration, and in particular relates to a method for investigating and evaluating the current status of integrated protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands. Background Art

[0002] The integrated protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes and grasslands is based on a complex mega-system composed of different resource and environmental elements such as mountains, waters, forests, fields, lakes and grasslands. It is a highly condensed summary of the interaction between multi-level and multi-scale resource and environmental elements and the coordinated relationship between man and land.

[0003] At present, there are many problems in the implementation of the integrated protection and restoration project of mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands. The root of these problems lies in the lack of a unified method for investigating and evaluating the current status of ecological protection and restoration. At the same time, the existing technical specifications are mostly formulated around a single factor, which makes it difficult to fully reflect the overall restoration effect of the integrated ecosystem of mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands. In addition, due to the complexity and variability of the ecosystem, traditional evaluation methods often fail to fully and systematically reflect the true status of ecological quality. Therefore, it is urgent to study a method for investigating and evaluating the current status of the integrated protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands in order to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method for investigating and evaluating the current status of integrated protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands, the purpose of which is to solve the technical problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention is a method for investigating and evaluating the current status of integrated protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Based on the geographical characteristics and ecological element distribution of the target area, the target area is divided into multiple ecological monitoring units using the geographic space overlay analysis method, and the subjective data indicator set and the objective data indicator set of each ecological monitoring unit are obtained;

[0008] Step 2: According to the subjective data indicator set and the objective data indicator set of the ecological monitoring unit, the improved AHP-entropy weight combination weighting method is used to calculate the subjective weight value and the objective weight value of each ecological monitoring unit, and then the dynamic weight value of each ecological monitoring unit is obtained through the weight fusion formula;

[0009] Step three: Based on the dynamic weight value of the ecological monitoring unit, a fuzzy evaluation model based on the Gaussian membership function is constructed to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value of the target area, and a qualitative evaluation of the ecological quality of the target area is performed according to the comprehensive evaluation value.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the subjective data index set includes the ecological structure integrity, resilience index and human interference intensity; the objective data index set includes vegetation coverage, soil moisture value, air quality index and biodiversity index; the objective data index set is obtained by combining remote sensing satellites, UAV aerial photography, ground Internet of Things sensors and manual sampling.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, calculating the subjective weight value and objective weight value of each of the ecological monitoring units by using the improved AHP-entropy weight combined weighting method includes: the subjective weight value is obtained through the expert Delphi method; the objective weight value is calculated based on the index data variation coefficient.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the weight fusion formula is:

[0013]

[0014] Where, W i (t) is the comprehensive weight value of the i-th index in the t-th year, 0 ≤ W i (t) ≤ 1, and satisfies W AHP,i is determined by the analytic hierarchy process, 0 < W AHP,i < 1, and ∑W AHP,i = 1; is the standard deviation of the i-th index in the t-th year,

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the fuzzy evaluation model is:

[0016]

[0017] Where, H k is the health index of the k-th ecological monitoring unit, 0 ≤ H k ≤ 1; χ ik is the measured value of the i-th index of the k-th ecological monitoring unit; μ i is the historical mean value of the i-th index; σ i is the historical standard deviation of the i-th index.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the calculation formula of the μ i is:

[0019]

[0020] Where, T is the number of historical data years; is the index mean value in the t-th year.

[0021] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] Through data fusion, dynamic weight optimization and evaluation model construction, the present invention realizes the accurate investigation and scientific evaluation of the current situation of the integrated protection and restoration of mountains, waters, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands, provides a scientific basis for the management and evaluation of ecological restoration projects, helps project managers clearly understand the progress and effects of the restoration work, not only reduces the input of manpower and material resources, but also greatly improves the timeliness and accuracy of data, and helps to detect ecological changes in a timely manner and make responses.

[0023] Of course, it is not necessary for any product implementing the present invention to achieve all the above-mentioned advantages simultaneously. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] Embodiment:

[0026] The present invention is a method for investigating and evaluating the current situation of the integrated protection and restoration of mountains, waters, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands, including the following steps:

[0027] Step 1: Based on the geographical features and ecological element distributions of the target area, use the geographical space overlay analysis method to divide the target area into multiple ecological monitoring units, and obtain the subjective data index set and objective data index set of each ecological monitoring unit; among them, the subjective data index set includes the ecological structure integrity, resilience index and human disturbance intensity, and the objective data index set includes the vegetation coverage, soil humidity value, air quality index and biodiversity index; in addition, the vegetation coverage is obtained by remote sensing satellites, the soil humidity value and air quality index are obtained by setting soil monitors and air quality monitors in each ecological monitoring unit, and the biodiversity index is obtained by manual investigation and sampling; the technical effects generated are: through the "space-air-ground" multi-dimensional data acquisition technology, the data integrity of the subjective data index set and objective data index set of each ecological monitoring unit can be increased by 30%, meeting the multi-scale ecological analysis requirements; and, through the cross-verification of sensor automatic calibration and manual sampling, the comprehensive data error ≤ 3%;

[0028] Step 2: Based on the subjective data index set and objective data index set of the ecological monitoring unit, the improved AHP-entropy weight combined weighting method is used to calculate the subjective weight value and objective weight value of each ecological monitoring unit. The subjective weight value is obtained through the expert Delphi method. Specifically, first, a review group consisting of 5 ecologists and 5 geographers is formed, and the Delphi method is used for 3 rounds of weight scoring. Then, the 9-level scale method (1 = equally important, 9 = extremely important) is used, and the consistency ratio is calculated through the Yaahp software. The objective weight value is calculated based on the index data variation coefficient. Specifically, the index variation coefficient is calculated based on 5-year historical data. For example, the entropy weight value of "soil and water loss modulus" increases as the interannual fluctuation increases. Then, the dynamic weight value of each ecological monitoring unit is obtained through the weight fusion formula. The weight fusion formula is as follows:

[0029]

[0030] where, W i (t) is the comprehensive weight value of the i-th index in year t, 0 ≤ W i (t) ≤ 1, and satisfies W AHP,i is determined by the analytic hierarchy process, 0 < W AHP,i < 1, and ∑W AHP,i = 1; is the standard deviation of the i-th index in year t,

[0031] The new weight is automatically calculated on January 1 of each year. If the annual increase rate of the standard deviation of a certain index > 15%, the weight is reallocated. The technical effect generated is that the subjective and objective weight deviation is reduced to within 12%, significantly improving the evaluation objectivity, and the dynamic weight adapts to the long-term ecological evolution, and the model prediction accuracy is increased by 18%;

[0032] Step 3: Based on the dynamic weight value of the ecological monitoring unit, a fuzzy evaluation model based on the Gaussian membership function is constructed to obtain the comprehensive evaluation value of the target area, and the ecological quality of the target area is qualitatively evaluated according to the comprehensive evaluation value. The fuzzy evaluation model is as follows:

[0033]

[0034] H k is the health index of the k-th ecological monitoring unit, 0 ≤ H k ≤ 1; χ ik is the measured value of the i-th index of the k-th ecological monitoring unit; μ i is the historical mean of the i-th index; σ i is the historical standard deviation of the i-th index;

[0035] Among them, μ i is calculated by the formula:

[0036]

[0037] T is the number of historical data years; is the mean value of the index in the t-th year.

[0038] By comprehensively considering the restoration status of the ecological restoration project area and the subjective and objective weight values in the monitoring ecological monitoring unit, the subjective and objective weight values are fused to obtain the dynamic weight value. Then, based on the dynamic weight value of the ecological monitoring unit, a fuzzy evaluation model based on the Gaussian membership function is constructed to obtain the comprehensive evaluation value of the target area. This comprehensive evaluation value can comprehensively and objectively reflect the overall effect and quality of the ecological restoration project. In this way, we can qualitatively evaluate the ecological quality of the ecological restoration project area, providing a scientific decision-making basis and improvement direction for subsequent ecological restoration work. Specifically, the level of the comprehensive evaluation value directly reflects the quality of the ecological restoration. When the comprehensive evaluation value is relatively high, it indicates that the ecological restoration project has achieved remarkable results, and all monitoring indicators show a good recovery trend. On the contrary, if the comprehensive evaluation value is relatively low, it means that the ecological restoration quality is not good, and it may be necessary to further adjust the restoration strategy or strengthen the restoration work in some aspects.

[0039] In summary, through data fusion, dynamic weight optimization, and evaluation model construction, the present invention realizes the accurate investigation and scientific evaluation of the current situation of the integrated protection and restoration of mountains, waters, forests, fields, lakes, and grasslands, providing a scientific basis for the management and evaluation of ecological restoration projects, helping project managers clearly understand the progress and effect of the restoration work, not only reducing the input of human and material resources, but also greatly improving the timeliness and accuracy of data, and contributing to the timely discovery of ecological changes and responses.

[0040] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not elaborate on all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. These embodiments are selected and specifically described in this specification to better explain the principle and practical application of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art in the relevant technical field can well understand and utilize the present invention. The present invention is only limited by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for investigating and evaluating the current status of integrated protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Based on the geographical characteristics and ecological element distribution of the target area, the target area is divided into multiple ecological monitoring units using the geographic space overlay analysis method, and the subjective data indicator set and the objective data indicator set of each ecological monitoring unit are obtained; Step 2: According to the subjective data indicator set and the objective data indicator set of the ecological monitoring unit, the improved AHP-entropy weight combination weighting method is used to calculate the subjective weight value and the objective weight value of each ecological monitoring unit, and then the dynamic weight value of each ecological monitoring unit is obtained through the weight fusion formula; Step three: Based on the dynamic weight value of the ecological monitoring unit, a fuzzy evaluation model based on the Gaussian membership function is constructed to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value of the target area, and a qualitative evaluation of the ecological quality of the target area is performed according to the comprehensive evaluation value.

2. The method for investigating and evaluating the current status of integrated protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The subjective data indicator set includes ecological structure integrity, resilience index and human disturbance intensity.

3. A method for investigating and evaluating the current status of integrated protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The objective data indicator set includes vegetation coverage, soil moisture value, air quality indicators and biodiversity indicators.

4. A method for investigating and evaluating the current status of integrated protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands according to claim 3, characterized in that: The objective data indicator set is obtained through a combination of remote sensing satellites, drone aerial photography, ground Internet of Things sensors and manual sampling.

5. The method for investigating and evaluating the current status of integrated protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of calculating the subjective weight value and objective weight value of each ecological monitoring unit by using the improved AHP-entropy weight combination weighting method includes: the subjective weight value is obtained by the expert Delphi method; the objective weight value is calculated based on the coefficient of variation of the indicator data.

6. A method for investigating and evaluating the current status of integrated protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands according to claim 5, characterized in that: The weight fusion formula is: Among them, W i (t) is the comprehensive weight value of the ith indicator in year t, 0≤W i (t) ≤1, and satisfies W AHP,i Through the analytic hierarchy process, 0<W AHP,i <1, and ∑W AHP,i =1; is the standard deviation of the ith indicator in year t, 7. A method for investigating and evaluating the current status of integrated protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fuzzy evaluation model is: Among them, H k is the health index of the kth ecological monitoring unit, 0≤H k ≤1; χ ik is the measured value of the i-th indicator of the k-th ecological monitoring unit; μ i is the historical mean of the i-th indicator; σ i is the historical standard deviation of the ith indicator.

8. A method for investigating and evaluating the current status of integrated protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands according to claim 7, characterized in that: The μ i The calculation formula is: Where T is the number of years of historical data; is the mean value of the indicator in year t.

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