A blockchain-based substation construction quality traceability method and system

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application relates to a kind of substation construction quality traceability method and system based on blockchain, the method includes the following steps: data participant obtains the relevant data of each stage of substation construction;According to the preset blockchain data generation rule, relevant data is generated blockchain data;Blockchain data is uploaded to each node of blockchain;Smart contract carries out dynamic permission management and associated data matching to uploaded blockchain data;Data analysis party obtains blockchain data, and carries out quality trace based on the data obtained.The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the present application provides a blockchain data storage structure suitable for substation construction, which can accurately locate the specific stage and link of substation construction, and realize automatic data permission management and associated matching based on the blockchain data structure with smart contract, thereby realizing the accurate positioning of the root cause of quality problems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of blockchain technology, and in particular to a blockchain-based method and system for tracing the construction quality of substations. Background Technology

[0002] In traditional substation construction quality traceability systems, data is typically stored in a centralized manner, making it highly susceptible to malicious tampering. For example, construction companies might arbitrarily alter concrete raw material inspection reports or foundation construction environmental data to cover up foundation construction quality issues. Centralized storage also faces the risk of data loss; if the storage server malfunctions, all data may be lost, leaving no basis for quality traceability.

[0003] Blockchain, with its decentralized, transparent, and traceable characteristics, can be used for quality traceability. In the prior art, Chinese invention application (publication number CN111342990A) discloses a blockchain-based power grid equipment quality traceability system. This system utilizes the traceability features of blockchain to address equipment issues from manufacturers, enabling real-time monitoring after shipment to determine the production process of faulty equipment and thus infer whether the problem stemmed from natural defects or production / repair deficiencies.

[0004] However, in certain special circumstances, such as when there are vulnerabilities in the underlying blockchain protocol or smart contracts, these vulnerabilities can still be exploited for indirect data tampering. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the above-mentioned situation of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a blockchain-based method and system for tracing the quality of substation construction, providing a blockchain data storage structure suitable for substation construction, and effectively solving the relevant technical problems in the existing substation construction quality traceability.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a method for tracing the construction quality of substations based on blockchain is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Data participants acquire relevant data from each stage of substation construction; generate blockchain data from the relevant data according to preset blockchain data generation rules; and upload the blockchain data to each node of the blockchain.

[0008] Smart contracts dynamically manage permissions and match related data for uploaded blockchain data;

[0009] Data analysts acquire blockchain data and use the acquired data for quality traceability.

[0010] The blockchain data includes a first block and a second block; the first block includes first data and second data; the second block includes first data, second data, and third data.

[0011] The first data of the first block includes the pre-preparation data for this stage; the second data of the first block includes the starting signature data for this stage.

[0012] The first data of the second block includes the technical indicator data and the environmental quantitative value data of the stage; the second data of the second block includes the correlation value data of the first block; the third data of the second block includes the verification matching value data, which is related to the data of the first block and the first data of the second block.

[0013] Furthermore, the associated value data is generated according to the following formula:

[0014]

[0015] Among them, D i2 This represents associated value data, where i represents the current stage, and A i1 M represents the first data set of the first block. i1 B represents the weighted aggregation parameter of the first data in the first block. i1 This indicates the second data in the first block. This indicates a bitwise XOR operation.

[0016] Furthermore, the weighted comprehensive parameters of the first data in the first block are generated according to the following formula:

[0017]

[0018] Where n represents the number of data items in the first block, ω ij This represents the weight value of each first data point.

[0019] Furthermore, the verification matching value data is generated according to the following formula:

[0020] E i2 =(D i2 ·N i2 ·C) k mod(m)

[0021] Among them, E i2 This indicates that the verification matching value data, N i2 The first data in the second block represents the weighted composite parameter, C represents the traceability benchmark parameter (generated based on the second data in the first block), k represents the encryption key parameter, and m represents the security verification parameter.

[0022] Furthermore, the encryption key parameters are generated according to the following formula:

[0023] k = KG(ID) i T i )

[0024] Where KG represents the encryption key generation function, and ID i Indicates the project ID to which the substation belongs, T i Indicates the current timestamp;

[0025] The security verification parameters are generated according to the following formula:

[0026] m = P1·P2

[0027] P1 and P2 are two prime numbers selected from a specific prime number range using Fermat's Little Theorem.

[0028] Furthermore, the various stages of substation construction include the construction stage, equipment installation stage, and system commissioning stage;

[0029] During the construction phase, the first data in the first block includes soil parameters at the substation site, hash value of the construction plan, and verification code of the construction material list; the starting feature code data is obtained by concatenating the substation's area code, construction start time, and random string code; the first data in the second block includes hash value of raw material batch report and quantitative value of foundation construction environment.

[0030] During the equipment installation phase, the first data in the first block includes the hash value of equipment indicator parameters, the quantitative value of equipment installation site conditions, and the verification code of the equipment installation personnel qualification list; the starting feature code data is obtained by concatenating the equipment installation project code, the equipment installation start time, and the random string code; the first data in the second block includes the hash value of equipment installation process parameters and the quantitative value of the installation site environment.

[0031] During the system debugging phase, the first data in the first block includes the hash value of the system debugging document, the hash value of the debugging equipment calibration report, and the verification code of the debugging personnel qualification list; the starting feature code data is obtained by concatenating the equipment debugging project code, the equipment debugging start time, and the random string code; the first data in the second block includes the hash value of the system debugging process data and the quantitative value of the debugging site environment.

[0032] Furthermore, the method also includes:

[0033] The data participants perform homomorphic encryption on the first data of the first block and the first data of the second block, wherein the homomorphic encryption supports homomorphic operations of addition and scalar multiplication.

[0034] The public key of the homomorphic encryption is sent to the data analyst, while the private key is stored with the data participant.

[0035] Furthermore, the dynamic permission management includes the following steps:

[0036] Based on the project progress tracking module built into the smart contract, the current stage and sub-tasks are determined;

[0037] At the start time of a new phase and / or subtask, the permissions of each data participant are updated.

[0038] Furthermore, the associated data matching includes the following steps:

[0039] Extract tag information from the first data of the first block and the first data of the second block;

[0040] Based on the aforementioned tag information, a multi-dimensional association search is performed on the blockchain to generate an association data set;

[0041] The associated data set is analyzed according to a preset association analysis model;

[0042] The uploaded blockchain data is matched based on the analysis results.

[0043] According to another aspect of the present invention, a blockchain-based substation construction quality traceability system is provided, comprising:

[0044] The data upload module, located among the data participants, is used to acquire relevant data from each stage of substation construction; generate blockchain data from the relevant data according to preset blockchain data generation rules; and upload the blockchain data to each node of the blockchain.

[0045] A data management module, located on a blockchain node, uses smart contracts to dynamically manage permissions and match associated data for uploaded blockchain data.

[0046] The quality traceability module, located on the data analysis side, is used to acquire blockchain data and perform quality traceability based on the acquired data;

[0047] The blockchain data includes a first block and a second block; the first block includes first data and second data; the second block includes first data, second data, and third data.

[0048] The first data of the first block includes the pre-preparation data for this stage; the second data of the first block includes the starting signature data for this stage.

[0049] The first data of the second block includes the technical index data and the environmental quantification value data of this stage; the second data of the second block includes the associated value data of the first block, and the third data of the second block includes the verification matching value data, and the verification matching value data is related to the data of the first block and the first data of the second block.

[0050] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a method and system for quality traceability of substation construction based on blockchain. The method includes the steps: data participants obtain relevant data of each stage of substation construction; according to the preset blockchain data generation rules, generate blockchain data from the relevant data; upload the blockchain data to each node of the blockchain; the smart contract performs dynamic permission management and associated data matching on the uploaded blockchain data; the data analysis party obtains the blockchain data and performs quality traceability based on the obtained data. The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention provides a blockchain data storage structure suitable for substation construction, can accurately locate the data to the specific stages and links of substation construction, combines the smart contract to implement automated data permission management and associated matching based on the blockchain data structure, thereby achieving the precise positioning of the root cause of quality problems, and ensuring the orderly flow and management of data according to the construction process, effectively solving the problems existing in the quality traceability of existing substation construction. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0051] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the method for quality traceability of substation construction based on blockchain provided by the embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0052] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and referring to the drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessarily confusing the concepts of the present invention.

[0053] It should be noted that unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in one or more embodiments of the present invention should be the general meanings understood by those of ordinary skill in the field to which the present invention belongs. The "first", "second" and similar terms used in one or more embodiments of the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. The terms such as "including" or "comprising" mean that the elements or objects appearing before the term cover the elements or objects listed after the term and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. The terms such as "connected" or "coupled" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0054] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. An embodiment of the present invention provides a blockchain-based method for tracing the construction quality of substations. Figure 1 The flowchart of the substation construction quality traceability method based on blockchain according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0055] S12. Data participants acquire relevant data for each stage of substation construction; generate blockchain data according to preset blockchain data generation rules; and upload the blockchain data to each blockchain node. In this embodiment of the invention, the substation construction stages are divided into the construction stage, equipment installation stage, and system commissioning stage. Data participants include, for example, construction units and equipment suppliers, who upload relevant data to the blockchain nodes at each stage of construction. Blockchain nodes include nodes maintained by multiple relevant parties, such as nodes of construction units and equipment suppliers as data participants, and nodes of power grid operators as data analysts. Supervisory nodes can also be set up as needed to supervise the entire substation construction process.

[0056] In this step, relevant data is generated into blockchain data according to preset blockchain data generation rules. The generated blockchain data includes a first block and a second block. The first block includes first data and second data. The second block includes first data, second data and third data.

[0057] The first data in the first block includes preparatory data for this stage; the second data in the first block includes the initial feature code data for this stage. During the construction phase, the first data in the first block includes soil parameters at the substation site, the construction plan hash value, and the construction material list check code. The initial feature code data is obtained by concatenating the substation's area code, construction start time, and a random string code. Soil parameters include, for example, soil density and resistivity. The construction plan includes, for example, construction procedures and processes, and can use the SHA256 algorithm to generate hash values. Hash values ​​have a fixed length; regardless of the length or complexity of the construction plan document, the generated hash value is always a fixed-length string. The construction material list includes, for example, detailed information such as material names, specifications, and quantities. Using the check code allows for a quick preliminary verification of the accuracy of the construction material list. The starting signature data can be obtained by combining the substation's grid area code (e.g., "GRID-01"), the construction start time (format YYYYMMDDHHMMSS), and a hexadecimal random string generated by a pseudo-random number generator. After concatenation, the character order can be shuffled using simple permutation encryption to obtain the starting signature, which serves as the starting point for tracing the construction phase.

[0058] During the equipment installation phase, the first data in the first block includes the hash value of equipment indicator parameters, the quantified value of equipment installation site conditions, and the verification code of the equipment installation personnel qualification list. The starting feature code data is obtained by concatenating the equipment installation project code, the equipment installation start time, and a random string code. Equipment indicator parameters include, for example, the technical parameters of equipment such as transformers and switchgear. Equipment installation site conditions include, for example, the dimensions of the installation site, the flatness of the ground, and the cleanliness of the site. Quantified values ​​are calculated based on a preset algorithm and weight values, which can provide a unified standard for evaluating complex factors. The equipment installation personnel qualification list includes, for example, the qualifications of the installers and their special equipment operation qualifications, and a verification code can be generated using a verification algorithm. The starting feature code data can be obtained by concatenating the equipment installation project code (e.g., "EQP-INST-01"), the construction start time (format YYYYMMDDHHMMSS), and a hexadecimal random string generated using a pseudo-random number generator. After concatenation, a simple permutation encryption can be used to shuffle the character order to obtain the starting feature code, which serves as the starting point for tracing during the equipment installation phase.

[0059] During the system debugging phase, the first data in the first block includes the hash value of the system debugging document, the hash value of the debugging equipment calibration report, and the verification code of the debugging personnel qualification list. The starting signature data is obtained by concatenating the equipment debugging project code, the equipment debugging start time, and a random string code. The system debugging document includes documents such as the debugging process and schedule, and a hash value is generated using a hash algorithm. The debugging equipment calibration report includes information recorded by instruments such as power quality analyzers and relay protection testers, and a hash value is generated using a hash algorithm. The debugging personnel qualification list includes the qualifications of the debugging personnel, and a verification code can be generated using a verification algorithm. The starting signature data can be obtained by concatenating the project code (e.g., "SYST-DEBUG-01"), the planned start time (format YYYYMMDDHHMMSS), and a hexadecimal random string generated using a pseudo-random number generator. After concatenation, a simple permutation encryption can be used to shuffle the character order to obtain the starting signature, which serves as the starting point for tracing during the system debugging phase.

[0060] The first data in the second block includes the technical indicator data and the environmental quantitative value data for this stage; the second data in the second block includes the correlation value data of the first block; and the third data in the second block includes the verification matching value data, which is related to the data in the first block and the first data in the second block.

[0061] During the construction phase, the first data in the second block includes the hash values ​​of raw material batch reports and the quantitative values ​​of the foundation construction environment. Raw material batch reports, for example, include relevant inspection reports for concrete raw materials, covering cement strength, aggregate gradation, etc., which are compiled into a document and then hashed using a hash algorithm to generate hash values. Foundation construction environment data, such as temperature, humidity, and wind speed at the construction site, are calculated to obtain quantitative values ​​through a preset quantitative formula and weights. These preset formulas and weights can be fitted from historical data.

[0062] During the equipment installation phase, the first data in the second block includes hash values ​​of equipment installation process parameters and quantified values ​​of the installation site environment. Equipment installation process parameters include, for example, the installation angle, tightening torque of connections, and internal insulating gas pressure. These are recorded in an electronic log in a specific order and then hashed using a hash algorithm to generate hash values. The installation site environment includes, for example, the installation site temperature, humidity, and dust concentration. Quantified values ​​are obtained through a preset quantification formula and weights, which can be fitted from historical data.

[0063] During the system commissioning phase, the first data in the second block includes hash values ​​of system commissioning process data and quantified values ​​of the commissioning site environment. System commissioning process data includes, for example, bus voltage, relay protection device operating time, and setting values ​​collected during the primary and secondary commissioning of the substation. These are recorded in an electronic log in a specific order and then hashed using a hash algorithm to generate hash values. The commissioning site environment includes, for example, temperature, humidity, and electromagnetic interference intensity. Quantified values ​​are obtained through a preset quantization formula and weights, which can be fitted from historical data.

[0064] The associated value data is generated according to the following formula:

[0065]

[0066] Among them, D i2 This represents associated value data, where i represents the current stage, and A i1 M represents the first data set of the first block. i1 B represents the weighted aggregation parameter of the first data in the first block. i1 This indicates the second data in the first block. This indicates a bitwise XOR operation. By performing a bitwise XOR operation between the weighted composite parameter of the first data in the first block and the starting signature, the associated value is obtained, ensuring the continuity of the data chain. The weighted composite parameter of the first data in the first block can be generated according to the following formula:

[0067]

[0068] Where n represents the number of data items in the first block, ω ijThis represents the weight value of each first data point.

[0069] The verification matching data is generated according to the following formula:

[0070] E i2 =(D i2 ·N i2 ·C) k mod(m)

[0071] Among them, E i2 This indicates that the verification matching value data, N i2 The first data in the second block represents the weighted composite parameter, calculated similarly to the first data in the first block. C represents the traceability baseline parameter, generated based on the second data in the first block, obtained by left-shifting the second data (i.e., the starting signature) of the first block by 8 bits. k represents the encryption key parameter, generated by an encryption key generator based on the substation's project ID and the current time. m represents the security verification parameter. The encryption key parameter can be generated according to the following formula:

[0072] k = KG(ID) i T i )

[0073] Where KG represents the encryption key generation function, and ID i Indicates the project ID to which the substation belongs, T i Indicates the current timestamp

[0074] Security verification parameters can be generated using the following formula:

[0075] m = P1·P2

[0076] Where P1 and P2 are prime numbers obtained by applying Fermat's Little Theorem in a specific interval (10^6) prime numbers. 10 -10 12 The two prime numbers selected are used as the basis for the blockchain data to be traced back to the initial feature code, thus achieving a closed loop.

[0077] Based on the above data generation rules, data for each stage of the blockchain is generated and uploaded to the blockchain nodes. Each blockchain node can verify the legality and integrity of the data by combining the encryption key and security checkpoint with the built-in verification mechanism.

[0078] According to some optional embodiments, the method further includes the step of:

[0079] The data participants perform homomorphic encryption on the first data of the first block and the first data of the second block. This homomorphic encryption supports homomorphic operations such as addition and scalar multiplication. The public key of the homomorphic encryption is sent to the data analyst, while the private key is stored with the data participants. Choosing a suitable homomorphic encryption algorithm, such as the Paillier encryption algorithm, can meet the data fusion and analysis needs of substation construction, allowing the data analyst to perform correlation operations directly on the ciphertext without decrypting the data when performing specific analyses.

[0080] S14. The smart contract dynamically manages permissions for uploaded blockchain data and matches it with related data. At different stages of substation construction, the data upload permissions of data participants need to be dynamically adjusted. The smart contract can automatically grant or revoke upload permissions for relevant parties based on the global permission configuration table. For example, during the system debugging phase, the debugging team has the permission to upload debugging data. If the construction unit attempts to upload irrelevant construction data at this time, the smart contract will intercept it, thereby preventing data chaos and misoperation, and ensuring that blockchain data is updated in an orderly manner according to stages. Dynamic permission management includes the following steps:

[0081] S1402. Based on the project progress tracking module built into the smart contract, determine the current stage and sub-tasks. The project progress tracking module can determine the current stage and sub-tasks by comparing the preset project timetable and key milestone nodes (such as construction start time, equipment installation start time, system debugging start time, etc.) with the timestamps recorded in real time on the blockchain.

[0082] S1404. At the start time of a new phase and / or subtask, update the permissions of each data participant. When a permission update is triggered, based on the subtask code of the current phase, retrieve the standard permission configuration vector of the corresponding subtask from the preset global permission configuration table (stored in the smart contract code, covering the standard permission configuration of each data participant under all phases and subtasks), and update the permissions of each data participant.

[0083] When data participants upload data, the smart contract can automatically search for related historical data on the blockchain, perform preliminary matching analysis, and determine whether it is compatible with existing conditions. If potential conflicts are found (e.g., the weight of large equipment exceeds the site's load-bearing capacity), the smart contract will promptly remind all participants to reassess the plan, thereby enhancing the relevance and consistency of the data. Related data matching includes the following steps:

[0084] S1406. Extract tag information from the first data of the first block and the first data of the second block. When generating blockchain data, multi-dimensional tags can be defined for each uploaded data. For example, in the equipment installation phase, data involving transformer installation can be tagged with "Equipment Type: Transformer," "Installation Location: Substation 01," "Phase: Equipment Installation," and "Data Nature: Technical Parameters," etc. For the uploaded blockchain data, the smart contract extracts the aforementioned tag information from the first data of the first block and the first data of the second block.

[0085] S1408. Based on the aforementioned tag information, a multi-dimensional correlation search is performed on the blockchain to generate a correlation data set. The smart contract creates an inverted index for the data on the blockchain based on the aforementioned tag information. For example, after uploading multiple transformer-related data, the index will form an index entry with the keyword "transformer" pointing to all related block data. Using the inverted index, a multi-dimensional correlation search is performed on the blockchain. For each tag, a set of historical data blocks matching it is retrieved from the index, and then a preliminary correlation data set is obtained through intersection operations. The final correlation data set is obtained by sequentially finding the intersection of all historical data blocks. For example, an equipment supplier uploads the technical parameters of a new type of transformer, tagged with "Equipment Type: Transformer" and "Technical Parameters: Winding Parameters." The smart contract finds all transformer-related data and winding parameter-related data through the index, and takes the intersection to determine the most relevant historical data block for subsequent analysis.

[0086] S1410. Analyze the associated data set according to the preset association analysis model. For the aforementioned associated data set, a combination of rule-based logical judgment and machine learning model can be used for matching analysis. Rule-based logical judgment, for example, if the transformer installation rule is "the installation angle deviation shall not exceed ±3 degrees," the smart contract extracts the installation angle value from the uploaded data and compares it with the site design angle value in the associated data set. If the rule is violated, an alert is triggered. The machine learning model uses a linear regression model to initially assess the data trend matching degree. For example, installation data of the same model of transformers from multiple past substation constructions can be collected, including installation angle, ambient temperature, and operational stability indicators, to construct a linear regression model. When new data is uploaded, its feature values ​​are substituted into the linear regression model to predict operational stability. If the stability exceeds the threshold, a potential risk is indicated.

[0087] S1412. Match the uploaded blockchain data based on the analysis results. If the analysis results indicate potential conflicts, remind the data participants to re-evaluate the plan.

[0088] S16. The data analysis team acquires blockchain data and performs quality traceability based on the acquired data. When a problem occurs at a substation, the problem is first characterized and classified to preliminarily determine its stage. Further, by extracting relevant block data from the blockchain data, quality traceability is performed.

[0089] According to another aspect of the present invention, a blockchain-based substation construction quality traceability system is provided, the system comprising:

[0090] The data upload module, located among the data participants, is used to acquire relevant data from each stage of substation construction; generate blockchain data from the relevant data according to preset blockchain data generation rules; and upload the blockchain data to each node of the blockchain.

[0091] The data management module is located on the blockchain node and uses smart contracts to perform dynamic permission management and related data matching on the uploaded blockchain data.

[0092] The quality traceability module, located on the data analysis side, is used to acquire blockchain data and perform quality traceability based on the acquired data.

[0093] The blockchain data includes a first block and a second block; the first block includes first data and second data; the second block includes first data, second data, and third data. The first data of the first block includes pre-preparation data for this stage; the second data of the first block includes the initial feature code data for this stage; the first data of the second block includes technical indicator data and environmental quantification value data for this stage; the second data of the second block includes the correlation value data of the first block; and the third data of the second block includes verification matching value data, which is related to the data of the first block and the first data of the second block.

[0094] The specific process by which each module in the blockchain-based substation construction quality traceability system provided in this embodiment of the present invention implements its functions is the same as the steps in the blockchain-based substation construction quality traceability method provided in the above embodiment of the present invention, and its repeated description is omitted here.

[0095] In summary, this invention relates to a blockchain-based method and system for tracing the quality of substation construction. The method includes the following steps: data participants acquire relevant data from each stage of substation construction; generate blockchain data from the relevant data according to preset blockchain data generation rules; upload the blockchain data to various nodes in the blockchain; a smart contract performs dynamic permission management and associated data matching on the uploaded blockchain data; and a data analyst acquires the blockchain data and performs quality tracing based on the acquired data. The technical solution provided by this invention offers a blockchain data storage structure suitable for substation construction, enabling data to be precisely mapped to the specific stage and link of substation construction. Combined with smart contracts, it achieves automated data permission management and associated matching based on the blockchain data structure, thereby achieving precise location of the root cause of quality problems and ensuring the orderly flow and management of data according to the construction process, effectively solving the problems existing in current substation construction quality tracing.

[0096] It should be understood that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples. Within the framework of this invention, technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, steps can be implemented in any order, and many other variations exist regarding different aspects of one or more embodiments of the invention as described above, which are not provided in the details for the sake of brevity. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative or explanatory of the principles of the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention should be included within the protection scope of the invention. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all variations and modifications falling within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. A blockchain-based method for tracing the construction quality of substations, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Data participants acquire relevant data from each stage of substation construction; generate blockchain data from the relevant data according to preset blockchain data generation rules; and upload the blockchain data to each node of the blockchain. Smart contracts dynamically manage permissions and match related data for uploaded blockchain data; Data analysts acquire blockchain data and use the acquired data for quality traceability. The blockchain data includes a first block and a second block; the first block includes first data and second data; the second block includes first data, second data, and third data. The first data of the first block includes pre-preparation data for each stage; the second data of the first block includes starting signature data for each stage. The first data of the second block includes technical indicator data and environmental quantitative value data for each stage; the second data of the second block includes the correlation value data of the first block; the third data of the second block includes verification matching value data, which is related to the data of the first block and the first data of the second block. The associated value data is generated according to the following formula: in, This represents associated value data, where i represents the current stage. This represents the weighted composite parameter of the first data in the first block. This indicates the second data in the first block. This indicates a bitwise XOR operation; The verification matching value data is generated according to the following formula: in, This indicates that the verification matching value data is being performed. The first data in the second block represents the weighted composite parameter, C represents the traceability benchmark parameter (generated based on the second data in the first block), k represents the encryption key parameter, and m represents the security verification parameter.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weighted composite parameter of the first data in the first block is generated according to the following formula: Where n represents the number of data items in the first block. This represents the weight value of each first data point. This represents the first data set of the first block.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The encryption key parameters are generated according to the following formula: Where KG represents the encryption key generation function. Indicates the project ID to which the substation belongs. Indicates the current timestamp; The security verification parameters are generated according to the following formula: in, Let be two prime numbers selected from a specific range of prime numbers using Fermat's Little Theorem.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The construction of a substation includes the construction phase, equipment installation phase, and system commissioning phase. During the construction phase, the first data in the first block includes soil parameters at the substation site, hash value of the construction plan, and verification code of the construction material list. The initial feature code data is obtained by concatenating the substation's area code, construction start time, and random string code; the first data in the second block includes the raw material batch report hash value and the quantitative value of the foundation construction environment. During the equipment installation phase, the first data in the first block includes the hash value of the equipment indicator parameters, the quantitative value of the equipment installation site conditions, and the verification code of the equipment installation personnel qualification list. The initial feature code data is obtained by concatenating the equipment installation project code, the equipment installation start time, and a random string code; the first data in the second block includes the hash value of the equipment installation process parameters and the quantitative value of the installation site environment. During the system debugging phase, the first data in the first block includes the hash value of the system debugging document, the hash value of the debugging equipment calibration report, and the verification code of the debugging personnel qualification list. The initial feature code data is obtained by concatenating the equipment debugging project code, the equipment debugging start time, and the random string code; the first data of the second block includes the system debugging process data hash value and the debugging site environment quantification value.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: The data participants perform homomorphic encryption on the first data of the first block and the first data of the second block, wherein the homomorphic encryption supports homomorphic operations of addition and scalar multiplication. The public key of the homomorphic encryption is sent to the data analyst, while the private key is stored with the data participant.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic permission management includes the following steps: Based on the project progress tracking module built into the smart contract, the current stage and sub-tasks are determined; At the start time of a new phase and / or subtask, the permissions of each data participant are updated.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The associated data matching includes the following steps: Extract tag information from the first data of the first block and the first data of the second block; Based on the aforementioned tag information, a multi-dimensional association search is performed on the blockchain to generate an association data set; The associated data set is analyzed according to a preset association analysis model; The uploaded blockchain data is matched based on the analysis results.

8. A blockchain-based substation construction quality traceability system, characterized in that, include: A data upload module, located at the data participant, is used to acquire relevant data at each stage of substation construction. According to the preset blockchain data generation rules, the relevant data is generated into blockchain data; the blockchain data is then uploaded to each node of the blockchain. A data management module, located on a blockchain node, uses smart contracts to dynamically manage permissions and match associated data for uploaded blockchain data. The quality traceability module, located on the data analysis side, is used to acquire blockchain data and perform quality traceability based on the acquired data; The blockchain data includes a first block and a second block; the first block includes first data and second data; the second block includes first data, second data, and third data. The first data of the first block includes pre-preparation data for each stage; the second data of the first block includes starting signature data for each stage. The first data of the second block includes technical indicator data and environmental quantitative value data for each stage; the second data of the second block includes the correlation value data of the first block; the third data of the second block includes verification matching value data, which is related to the data of the first block and the first data of the second block. The associated value data is generated according to the following formula: in, This represents associated value data, where i represents the current stage. This represents the weighted composite parameter of the first data in the first block. This indicates the second data in the first block. This indicates a bitwise XOR operation; The verification matching value data is generated according to the following formula: in, This indicates that the verification matching value data is being performed. The first data in the second block represents the weighted composite parameter, C represents the traceability benchmark parameter (generated based on the second data in the first block), k represents the encryption key parameter, and m represents the security verification parameter.

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