Miniaturized "petal"-"slim waist" shaped five-band ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated antenna

Abstract

This application provides a miniaturized "petal"-"slender waist"-shaped five-band ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated antenna, comprising a "petal" structure and a "slender waist" structure. The "petal" structure comprises, from top to bottom, a radome, four "petal"-shaped antenna elements, and first and second coaxial feed structures; the "slender waist" structure comprises, from top to bottom, a "slender waist" metal body, a dielectric column, an arc-shaped tray, and a third coaxial feed structure; the radome is fixed to the "slender waist" metal body by screws; and the four "petal"-shaped antenna elements are fixed to the "slender waist" metal body by screws. The antenna is capable of radiating four types of polarized electromagnetic waves: vertical, horizontal, linear, and circular, meeting the requirements of both wireless radar and communication systems. It can achieve multiple functions such as detection, communication, and electronic countermeasures on a compact platform with extremely limited space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of multifunctional antennas, and in particular relates to a miniaturized "petal"-"slim waist" shaped five-band ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated antenna. Background Art

[0002] To meet multifunctional requirements, wireless radar and communication systems on high-speed, compact platforms typically require the design of multiple antennas with different frequency bands and polarizations, all operating simultaneously. Designing antennas with different frequency bands and functions separately is not only difficult to place on a compact platform, but also interferes with each other due to near-field electromagnetic coupling, degrading the electromagnetic performance of each antenna. The development of miniaturized, ultra-wideband, multi-polarization, and multi-functional integrated antennas is a new trend that can fill a gap in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the difficulty of suppressing near-field electromagnetic coupling between antennas operating in different frequency bands on a compact platform, a miniaturized ultra-wideband antenna has been developed. It radiates vertically, horizontally, or circularly polarized electromagnetic waves in the L, S, C, X, and Ku bands. The overall size of this integrated antenna is only about one-third the wavelength at the lowest operating frequency. Its main structures include a "petal" structure and a "slender waist" structure.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a miniaturized "petal"-"slender waist" shaped five-band ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated antenna, comprising: a "petal" structure and a "slender waist" structure, wherein:

[0005] The "petal" structure includes, from top to bottom, a radome, four "petal"-shaped antenna elements and two coaxial feeding structures;

[0006] The "slender waist" structure includes a "slender waist" metal body, a dielectric column, an arc-shaped tray and a coaxial feeding structure from top to bottom;

[0007] The antenna cover is fixed to the "small waist" metal body by screws;

[0008] The four "petal" shaped antenna elements are fixed to the "slender waist" metal body by screws;

[0009] The two coaxial feeding structures are fixed together with the "small waist" metal body by screws;

[0010] The medium column is fixed to the arc-shaped tray by screws;

[0011] The coaxial feeding structure is fixed to the arc-shaped tray by screws.

[0012] Optionally, in an implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the diameter of the antenna cover is 80-100 mm and the height is 80-120 mm.

[0013] Optionally, in an implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the four "petal"-shaped antenna elements have the same size, with a lower width of 5 to 10 mm and an upper width of 15 to 25 mm.

[0014] Optionally, in an implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the diameter of the "small waist" metal body is 80-100 mm, and the inner cavity depth of the "small waist" metal body is 30-50 mm.

[0015] Optionally, in an implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the diameter of the dielectric column is 80 to 100 mm; there are four dielectric column holes on the top of the dielectric column, and two coaxial feeding structures pass through the first dielectric column hole and the second dielectric column hole in turn into the "small waist" metal body for feeding, and the third dielectric column hole and the fourth dielectric column hole are used for structural symmetry; the four dielectric column holes have the same size, all of which are holes of approximately 20 mm × 30 mm.

[0016] Optionally, in an implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the diameter of the arc-shaped tray is 80 to 150 mm, and the height of the arc-shaped tray is 10 to 30 mm.

[0017] Optionally, in an implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the relative dielectric constant of the antenna cover and the dielectric column is 2.2-5.

[0018] Optionally, in an implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the five-band ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated antenna is capable of radiating vertical linear polarization waves, horizontal linear polarization waves, oblique polarization waves, and circular polarization waves, wherein:

[0019] The first coaxial feeding structure and the second coaxial feeding structure belong to a "petal" structure;

[0020] The third coaxial feeding structure belongs to the "small waist" structure;

[0021] When feeding from the first coaxial feeding structure, a vertical linear polarized wave is achieved;

[0022] When fed from the second coaxial feeding structure, a horizontal linear polarized wave is achieved;

[0023] When the first coaxial feeding structure and the second coaxial feeding structure are used for simultaneous feeding, and the amplitude of the fed current is the same and the phase difference is 0° or 180°, a slant polarized wave with a phase difference of 45° from both the vertical polarization direction and the horizontal polarization direction is achieved;

[0024] When the first coaxial feeding structure and the second coaxial feeding structure are used for feeding simultaneously, and the amplitudes of the fed currents are the same and the phases differ by 90°, a circularly polarized wave is achieved;

[0025] When fed from the third coaxial feeding structure, a linearly polarized wave with a wider frequency band than the "petal" structure is achieved.

[0026] The use of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention cleverly combines the "petal" structure antenna and the "small waist" structure antenna to form an integrated antenna structure. Its overall size is only about one-third of the wavelength at the lowest operating frequency. The working frequency band of the antenna covers five frequency bands: L, S, C, X and Ku. The three coaxial feeding structures can work independently or simultaneously. When the first and second coaxial feeding structures are fed independently, linear polarization waves with two different directions of vertical polarization and horizontal polarization are realized. When the first and second coaxial feeding structures are fed at the same time, both oblique polarization waves and circular polarization waves can be realized. When the first and second coaxial feeding structures are fed at the same time, the antenna radiation gain is about 3dB higher than when a single coaxial feeding structure is fed. When the third coaxial feeding structure is fed, the electromagnetic characteristics of five-band ultra-wideband radiation from 1.1GHz to 20GHz are realized. In this frequency band, the reflection coefficient S of the antenna is 0.1dB. 11 ≤-10dB. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is the appearance structure of the integrated antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the antenna cover 101 of the integrated antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an integrated antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application after the antenna cover 101 is hidden.

[0030] Figure 4 This is the metal main body of the "slender waist" structure provided in this application.

[0031] Figure 5 The reflection coefficient S of the coaxial feeding structure 204 provided in this application when feeding 11 .

[0032] Figure 6 The present application provides the directivity patterns and gain values ​​of some frequency points when the coaxial feeding structure 204 is feeding.

[0033] Figure 7 These are the S parameters of the ports when the coaxial feeding structures 1031 and 1032 provided in this application are feeding simultaneously.

[0034] Figure 8Directivity diagram and gain value of some frequency points when the coaxial feeding structures 1031 and 1032 provided in this application are fed simultaneously DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments.

[0036] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present application, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "more" refers to two or more. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art in the art to which this application relates. The terms used in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0037] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present application, words such as "first" and "second" are only used for the purpose of distinguishing descriptions, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying order. Features defined as "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a concrete way.

[0038] Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] To address the difficulty in suppressing near-field electromagnetic coupling between antennas of different frequency bands on a compact platform, a miniaturized ultra-wideband antenna has been developed that radiates vertically, horizontally, or circularly polarized electromagnetic waves in the L, S, C, X, and Ku frequency bands. The overall size of this integrated antenna is only about one-third the wavelength at the lowest operating frequency. Its main structures include a "petal" structure and a "waist" structure. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0041] Figure 1 This is the external structure of the integrated antenna. Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the antenna cover 101 of the integrated antenna. Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the integrated antenna after the antenna cover 101 is hidden. Figure 4 It is the metal main body of the "slender waist" structure 20 of the integrated antenna. The main body hides the dielectric column 202.

[0042] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the integrated antenna applied in the field of antenna technology includes a “petal” structure 10 and a “waist” structure 20 .

[0043] The “petal” structure 10 includes, from top to bottom, a radome 101 , four “petal” shaped antenna elements 1021 , 1022 , 1023 and 1024 , and two coaxial feeding structures 1031 and 1032 .

[0044] The “slender waist” structure 20 includes a “slender waist” metal body 201 , a dielectric column 202 , an arc-shaped tray 203 and a coaxial feeding structure 204 from top to bottom.

[0045] The antenna cover 101 is fixed to the "small waist" metal body 201 by screws.

[0046] The four "petal" shaped antenna elements 1021, 1022, 1023 and 1024 are fixed to the "slender waist" metal body 201 by screws.

[0047] The two coaxial feeding structures 1031 and 1032 are fixed together with the "slender waist" metal body 201 by screws.

[0048] The dielectric column 202 is fixed to the arc-shaped tray 203 by screws.

[0049] The coaxial feeding structure 204 is fixed to the arc-shaped tray 203 by screws.

[0050] Furthermore, the diameter of the antenna cover 101 is 80-100 mm, and the height is 80-120 mm.

[0051] Furthermore, the four "petal"-shaped antenna elements 1021, 1022, 1023, and 1024 have the same dimensions, with a lower width of 5 to 10 mm and an upper width of 15 to 25 mm.

[0052] Furthermore, the diameter of the "small waist" metal body 201 is 80-100 mm, and the inner cavity depth of the "small waist" metal body 201 is 30-50 mm.

[0053] Furthermore, the diameter of dielectric column 202 is 80-100 mm. Four dielectric column holes 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2024 are located on the top of dielectric column 202. Coaxial feed structures 1031 and 1032 pass through dielectric column holes 2021 and 2022 into the "slim waist" metal body 201 for power feeding. Dielectric column holes 2023 and 2024 are designed for structural symmetry. The four dielectric column holes 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2024 are identical in size, measuring approximately 20 mm x 30 mm.

[0054] Furthermore, the diameter of the curved tray 203 is 80 to 150 mm, and the height of the curved tray 203 is 10 to 30 mm.

[0055] Furthermore, the relative dielectric constant of the radome 101 and the dielectric column 202 is 2.2-5.

[0056] This miniaturized "petal"-"slender waist" shaped five-band ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated antenna can radiate vertical linear polarization waves, horizontal linear polarization waves, oblique linear polarization waves and circular polarization waves. Coaxial feeding structures 1031 and 1032 belong to the "petal" structure 10, and coaxial feeding structure 204 belongs to the "slender waist" structure 20. When feeding from the coaxial feeding structure 1031, vertical linear polarization waves are realized. When feeding from the coaxial feeding structure 1032, horizontal linear polarization waves are realized. When the coaxial feeding structures 1031 and 1032 are fed at the same time, and the amplitude of the fed current is the same, and the phase difference is 0° or 180°, an oblique linear polarization wave that differs by 45° from both the vertical polarization direction and the horizontal polarization direction is realized. When the coaxial feeding structures 1031 and 1032 are fed at the same time, and the amplitude of the fed current is the same, and the phase difference is 90°, a circular polarization wave is realized. When fed from the coaxial feeding structure 204 , a linearly polarized wave with a wider frequency band than that of the “petal” structure is achieved.

[0057] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention cleverly combines the "petal" structure antenna and the "slender waist" structure antenna to form an integrated antenna structure. Its overall size is only about one-third of the wavelength at the lowest operating frequency. The operating frequency band of the antenna covers five frequency bands: L, S, C, X, and Ku. The three coaxial feeding structures 1031, 1032, and 204 can work independently or simultaneously. When the coaxial feeding structures 1031 and 1032 are fed independently, linearly polarized waves with two different directions, vertical polarization and horizontal polarization, are realized. When the coaxial feeding structures 1031 and 1032 are fed simultaneously, both oblique linear polarization waves and circular polarization waves can be realized. When the two coaxial feeding structures 1031 and 1032 are fed simultaneously, the antenna radiation gain is about 3dB higher than when a single coaxial feeding structure 1031 or 1032 is fed. When the coaxial feeding structure 204 is fed, the electromagnetic characteristics of ultra-wideband radiation in the five frequency bands of 1.1 GHz to 20 GHz are realized. In this frequency band, the reflection coefficient S of the antenna is 11 ≤-10dB.

[0058] Figure 5 is the port reflection coefficient when the integrated antenna is fed by the coaxial feeding structure 204. As can be seen from the figure, the reflection coefficient S of the integrated antenna is within the five frequency bands of L, S, C, X and Ku from 1.03GHz to 20GHz. 11 The values ​​are all less than -10dB, indicating that within the ultra-wide frequency band, the electromagnetic energy is effectively radiated through the space between the "slim waist" metal body 201 and the arc-shaped tray 203.

[0059] Figure 6 When feeding coaxial feed structure 204, the directivity patterns and gain values ​​at 1 GHz and 17 GHz are shown. The gain is minimum at 1 GHz, at 0.9384 dBi. It is maximum at 17 GHz, at 8.466 dBi. The directivity patterns at all frequencies are symmetrical about the Z axis. Very little energy is radiated along the Z axis. Electromagnetic wave energy is primarily radiated within an angle of 30° to 45° with the Z axis.

[0060] The gain values ​​corresponding to various frequency points within the operating frequency band are shown in Table 1. As can be seen from Table 1, when the operating frequency is 17 GHz, the gain reaches a maximum value of 8.466 dB i.

[0061] Table 1 Gain values ​​at various frequencies when feeding with coaxial feed structure 204

[0062]

[0063]

[0064] Figure 7is the port reflection coefficient S of the coaxial feeding structure 1031 when the coaxial feeding structures 1031 and 1032 are feeding simultaneously. 11 , the port cross-coupling coefficient S of the coaxial feeding structures 1031 and 1032 21 .

[0065] Figure 8 The directivity patterns and gain values ​​at 2 GHz and 17 GHz when coaxial feed structures 1031 and 1032 are fed simultaneously. When coaxial feed structures 1031 or 1032 are fed simultaneously, the directivity pattern distribution is similar to that when two coaxial feed structures are fed simultaneously, except that the gain is reduced by approximately 3 dB.

[0066] The gain values ​​corresponding to various frequency points within the operating frequency band are shown in Table 2. As can be seen from Table 2, starting from 2 GHz, the gain reaches a maximum value of 0dB i; when the operating frequency is 17 GHz, the gain reaches a maximum value of 8.466dB i.

[0067] Table 2 Gain values ​​at various frequencies when coaxial feed structures 1031 and 1032 are fed simultaneously

[0068]

[0069]

Claims

1. A miniaturized "petal"-"slender waist" shaped five-band ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated antenna, characterized by: include: "petal" structure and "small waist" structure, among which, The "petal" structure includes, from top to bottom, a radome, four "petal"-shaped antenna elements, a first coaxial feeding structure, and a second coaxial feeding structure; The "small waist" structure includes a "small waist" metal body, a dielectric column, an arc tray and a third coaxial feeding structure from top to bottom; The antenna cover is fixed to the "small waist" metal body by screws; The four "petal" shaped antenna elements are fixed to the "slender waist" metal body by screws; The first coaxial feeding structure and the second coaxial feeding structure are fixed together with the "small waist" metal body by screws; The medium column is fixed to the arc-shaped tray by screws; The third coaxial feeding structure is fixed to the arc-shaped tray by screws; The five-band ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated antenna is capable of radiating vertical linear polarization waves, horizontal linear polarization waves, oblique linear polarization waves and circular polarization waves, wherein: When fed from the first coaxial feeding structure, a vertical linear polarized wave is achieved; When fed from the second coaxial feeding structure, a horizontal linear polarized wave is achieved; When the first coaxial feeding structure and the second coaxial feeding structure are used for simultaneous feeding, and the amplitude of the fed current is the same and the phase difference is 0° or 180°, a slant polarized wave with a phase difference of 45° from both the vertical polarization direction and the horizontal polarization direction is achieved; When the first coaxial feeding structure and the second coaxial feeding structure are used for feeding simultaneously, and the amplitudes of the fed currents are the same and the phases differ by 90°, a circularly polarized wave is achieved; When fed from the third coaxial feeding structure, a linearly polarized wave with a wider frequency band than the "petal" structure is achieved.

2. The miniaturized "petal"-"slim waist"-shaped five-band ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the antenna cover is 80-100 mm, and the height is 80-120 mm.

3. The miniaturized "petal"-"slim waist"-shaped five-band ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The four "petal"-shaped antenna elements have the same size, with a lower width of 5 to 10 mm and an upper width of 15 to 25 mm.

4. The miniaturized "petal"-"slim waist" shaped five-band ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the "small waist" metal body is 80-100 mm, and the inner cavity depth of the "small waist" metal body is 30-50 mm.

5. The miniaturized "petal"-"slim waist" shaped five-band ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the dielectric column is 80 to 100 mm; there are four dielectric column holes on the top of the dielectric column. The first coaxial feeding structure and the second coaxial feeding structure pass through the first dielectric column hole and the second dielectric column hole in turn into the "small waist" metal body for feeding. The third dielectric column hole and the fourth dielectric column hole are used for structural symmetry; the four dielectric column holes have the same size, all of which are holes of approximately 20 mm × 30 mm.

6. The miniaturized "petal"-"slim waist" shaped five-band ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the arc-shaped tray is 80-150 mm, and the height of the arc-shaped tray is 10-30 mm.

7. The miniaturized "petal"-"slim waist" shaped five-band ultra-wideband multifunctional integrated antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The relative dielectric constants of the antenna cover and the dielectric column are 2.2-5.

Images