Tooth extraction protection device and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses a tooth extraction protection device, and belongs to the technical field of dental medical instruments. Comprising a saddle-shaped body, a pressure sensing module, a vibration feedback module and a rapid maintenance device, wherein the saddle-shaped body is worn, attached to the surface of an adjacent tooth and used for protecting the adjacent tooth; a shape memory alloy support is arranged in the body, and a flexible buffer layer is arranged on the inner side of the shape memory alloy support. The pressure sensing module comprises piezoelectric sensors distributed on the body and is used for monitoring pressure distribution in a tooth extraction process in real time; the vibration feedback module is arranged on the operation end and electrically connected with the pressure sensing module, and when it is detected that the pressure exceeds a set threshold value, a touch vibration prompt is sent to the operation end; the rapid maintenance device comprises an ultraviolet disinfection box used for storing the body, and the body is detachably connected with the operation end through a magnetic rapid disassembly connector. The device can monitor the stress of adjacent teeth in real time during tooth extraction, when the stress is too large, the stress is fed back to a doctor for timely correction, and the safety and efficiency of tooth extraction are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of dental medical devices, and particularly relates to an extraction protection device and a usage method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In dental clinical operations, tooth extraction surgery is a common but highly technically sensitive treatment method. Due to the complex anatomical structure of teeth and the close position of adjacent teeth, improper application of force easily leads to complications such as damage to adjacent teeth, alveolar bone fracture, or postoperative infection. In the prior art, devices for protecting adjacent teeth mostly adopt passive protection designs, such as rigid plastic guards or silicone pads. These devices have the following defects: ①Insufficient adaptability: Traditional devices rely on preformed structures and are difficult to adapt to the individual differences in tooth shapes of different patients, easily resulting in poor fitting and affecting the protection effect; ②Lack of real-time monitoring: The prior art cannot monitor the pressure distribution on adjacent teeth during tooth extraction in real time, and doctors can only judge the magnitude of the applied force based on experience, with a relatively high operation risk; ③Absence of a feedback mechanism: There is no active reminder function when the pressure exceeds the limit, and it is impossible to correct operation errors in time, which may cause irreversible damage; ④Complicated disinfection and maintenance: Most devices are of a fixed design, difficult to disassemble, and the disinfection process is time-consuming, making it difficult to meet the hygiene requirements for high-frequency clinical use; ⑤Weak anti-infection ability: Bacteria are likely to grow on the surface of traditional materials, and there is a lack of self-repair function, which may cause cross-infection after long-term use. In addition, there is less research on the dynamic control of the application force direction in the prior art. When the extraction resultant force direction deviates from the tooth long axis, it may increase the risk of root fracture or damage to surrounding tissues. Although some improvement schemes attempt to introduce sensors or intelligent materials, they are mostly limited to single functional modules and fail to achieve multi-dimensional protection and data collaboration. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a tooth extraction protection device that can monitor pressure in real time, dynamically adjust the application force direction, has an intelligent feedback mechanism, and is easy to maintain, so as to improve the safety and efficiency of the surgery. In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a comprehensive solution by integrating a multi-stage buffer structure, a magnetic compensation system, multi-modal sensors, and a rapid disinfection module. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the above defects of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a tooth extraction protection device and a usage method thereof that can monitor the force on adjacent teeth during tooth extraction in real time, dynamically adjust the application force direction, and can timely feedback to the doctor when the extraction force is too large, thereby improving the safety and efficiency of tooth extraction.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An extraction protection device, comprising a saddle-shaped body worn and fitted on the surface of adjacent teeth for protecting adjacent teeth, a pressure sensing module, a vibration feedback module, and a quick maintenance device; a shape memory alloy bracket is provided inside the body, and a flexible buffer layer is provided inside the shape memory alloy bracket; the pressure sensing module includes piezoelectric sensors distributed on the body to monitor the pressure distribution during the tooth extraction process in real time; the vibration feedback module is configured on the operation end and is electrically connected to the pressure sensing module. When the detected pressure exceeds the set threshold, a tactile vibration reminder is sent to the operation end; the quick maintenance device includes an ultraviolet disinfection box for storing the body, and the body and the operation end are detachably connected through a magnetic quick-release interface.

[0005] Preferably: The flexible buffer layer includes a multi-stage energy absorption structure, which is, from outside to inside, a cartilage-like porous silica gel layer, a shear thickening fluid sac layer, and a force application direction prediction module based on an LSTM neural network.

[0006] Preferably: The vibration feedback module includes a high-frequency micromotor installed inside the handle of the operation end.

[0007] Preferably: The vibration feedback module further includes an LED warning light linked thereto. When the pressure exceeds the standard and triggers vibration, the color of the LED warning light changes.

[0008] Preferably: The vibration feedback module is configured to be extended to the patient end and includes a flexible vibration patch worn on the patient's cheek.

[0009] Preferably: The pressure sensing module further includes an FBG fiber optic sensor embedded in the pressure buffer layer for real-time monitoring of stress changes; an AR glasses interaction end for receiving data projection of the FBG fiber optic sensor.

[0010] Preferably: The protection device further includes a magnetic force compensation system, and the magnetic force compensation system includes: a Halbach permanent magnet array arranged on the contact surface, and a current control module; the current control module adjusts the electromagnetic field intensity in real time through the Halbach permanent magnet array according to the pressure distribution, so that the resultant force direction is always towards the tooth long axis direction.

[0011] Preferably: The contact surface of the protection device contains a self-healing polymer and is coated with an antibacterial peptide coating.

[0012] In addition, the present invention also discloses a usage method of the above-mentioned extraction protection device, including the following steps: S1. After the protection device is connected to the operation end, fix the body on the adjacent tooth, and quickly and automatically adapt to the tooth shape through the shape memory alloy bracket; S2. During the tooth extraction process, the pressure sensing module monitors the pressure received by the adjacent tooth in real time; S3. When the pressure exceeds the threshold, a tactile reminder is sent to the doctor through the vibration feedback module; S4. After the operation, disassemble the device and put the body into the quick maintenance device for disinfection.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. Compared with the prior art with poor adaptability and dependence on preforming defects; the present invention adopts a shape memory alloy bracket and a three-stage flexible buffer layer (chondroid-like porous silica gel layer, shear thickening fluid sac layer, force application direction prediction module based on LSTM neural network) to make the protection device fit the tooth shape, adapt to different tooth shapes, and greatly improve the installation efficiency and installation effect of the protection device. Among them: a built-in shape memory alloy bracket, using its thermal response characteristics (at an oral temperature of about 36 °C) to automatically deform and closely fit the adjacent tooth surfaces of different patients, solving the problem of insufficient adaptability of traditional rigid guards or preformed silicone pads. The flexible buffer layer adopts a three-stage energy absorption structure: the outer layer: a chondroid-like porous silica gel layer, simulating the mechanical properties of natural periodontal tissue to disperse the initial impact force; the middle layer: a shear thickening fluid sac layer, instantaneously hardening when applying force rapidly to absorb high-frequency impact energy and avoiding the defect of limited buffer effect of traditional single materials; the inner layer: a force application direction prediction module based on LSTM neural network, learning through historical operation data, real-time predicting the doctor's force application trend, and adjusting the buffer strategy in advance to make up for the deficiency of passive protection in the prior art.

[0014] 2. Compared with the prior art that cannot monitor extraction data and give feedback in real time, the present invention realizes real-time monitoring of extraction data through the pressure sensing module and the vibration feedback module, and timely reminds the doctor to adjust the operation through feedback, reducing the force application error and operation risk during extraction, reducing the pain of the patient during the extraction process, and improving the surgical efficiency.

[0015] 3. When scratches or cracks occur on the device surface through the self-healing polymer, the filler is automatically released for repair, extending the service life of the device; the design of the antibacterial peptide coating can significantly reduce the risk of postoperative infection, overcome the defect that traditional device materials are prone to bacterial growth, and play an important protective effect especially on the tooth surface wound just after the operation.

[0016] 4. Through the AR interaction terminal, when operating, the doctor can wear AR glasses to observe the received data of the interaction terminal in real time, assisting the doctor in precise operation, making up for the blind area of traditional surgery relying solely on experience operation, and improving the surgical efficiency.

[0017] 5. The whole device and the operation terminal are connected by a magnetic quick-release interface, supporting one-key disassembly, avoiding the problem of difficult cleaning of traditional fixed structures; equipped with an ultraviolet disinfection box to complete high-efficiency sterilization and meet the hygiene requirements of high-frequency clinical use. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1It is the overall structure diagram of the device; Figure 2 It is the structure diagram of the operation end; Figure 3 It is the structure distribution diagram of the shape memory alloy stent and the flexible buffer layer (cross-section of the body); Figure 4 It is the structure diagram of the flexible buffer layer; Figure 5 It is the distribution diagram of the piezoelectric sensor; Figure 6 It is the distribution diagram of the FBG fiber optic sensor; Figure 7 It is the structure block diagram of the magnetic compensation system and the system; Figure 8 It is the block diagram of the tooth extraction process.

[0019] In the figure: 1. Body; 11. Shape memory alloy stent; 12. Flexible buffer layer; 121. Porous silica gel layer imitating cartilage; 122. Shear thickening fluid sac layer; 123. Force application direction prediction module based on LSTM neural network; 13. Piezoelectric sensor; 14. FBG fiber optic sensor; 2. Operation end; 21. Magnetic quick-release interface; 22. High-frequency micromotor; 23. LED warning light; 3. Ultraviolet disinfection box. Detailed implementation manners

[0020] The tooth extraction device and method of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, so that those of ordinary skill in the art can fully understand and implement it.

[0021] As Figures 1 to 6 shown, a tooth extraction protection device disclosed in this embodiment includes a saddle-shaped body 1 worn and attached to the surface of adjacent teeth for protecting adjacent teeth, a pressure sensing module, a vibration feedback module, and a quick maintenance device.

[0022] Among them: The body 1 is worn and attached to the surface of adjacent teeth for protecting adjacent teeth. A shape memory alloy stent 11 is provided inside the body 1, and a flexible buffer layer 12 is provided on its inner side; the shape memory alloy stent 11 can quickly and automatically adapt to the tooth shape to provide support and shape retention functions for the body 1; the flexible buffer layer 12 can buffer the impact force on adjacent teeth during tooth extraction to protect adjacent teeth. Specifically: the flexible buffer layer 12 includes a multi-stage energy absorption structure, which is successively a porous silica gel layer 121 imitating cartilage, a shear thickening fluid sac layer 122, and a force application direction prediction module 123 based on LSTM neural network (the inner side is the side close to the teeth).

[0023] Function and principle of the porous silica gel layer 121 imitating cartilage: Function 1: Buffer and shock absorption. Like human cartilage, it can effectively disperse and absorb external impact forces, protect the underlying structures and equipment, and reduce the risk of damage caused by impacts.

[0024] Function 2: Adapt to deformation. The porous structure endows it with good flexibility and deformability, enabling it to adapt to different force conditions and surface shapes, and ensuring full contact with the contacting object.

[0025] Principle: Characteristics of the porous structure. The porous structure inside the silicone is similar to a honeycomb. When an external force acts, the air or other media inside the pores can be compressed, thereby absorbing and dispersing energy. Material mechanical properties: The silicone itself has a certain elastic modulus and can undergo elastic deformation when stressed. After the external force disappears, it can return to its original state, achieving the effect of buffering and shock absorption.

[0026] Functions and principles of the shear thickening fluid layer 122: Function 1: Adaptive protection. Under normal circumstances, the fluid is in a liquid state, with good flexibility and fluidity; when subjected to rapid impact or high shear force, the viscosity of the fluid increases rapidly and transforms into a solid-like state, providing strong protection.

[0027] Function 2: Energy dissipation. By changing the internal structure of the fluid, the impact energy is converted into other forms of energy such as heat energy, thereby reducing damage to the surrounding structures.

[0028] Principle: Particle interaction. Shear thickening fluids are usually composed of tiny particles suspended in a liquid. At low shear rates, the particles can move freely and the fluid exhibits low viscosity; when the shear rate increases, the collisions and frictions between the particles intensify, forming a temporary network structure, resulting in a sharp increase in the fluid viscosity.

[0029] Functions and principles of the force application direction prediction module 123 based on the LSTM neural network Function 1: Force application direction prediction. Based on historical force application data and relevant environmental information, it predicts the future force application direction, providing an early response and decision-making basis for the system.

[0030] Function 2: Dynamic adjustment. It can process input data in real time, adapt to changes in the force application situation, continuously update the prediction results, and improve the accuracy and reliability of the prediction.

[0031] Principle: LSTM network structure. LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory network) is a special type of recurrent neural network that can effectively handle long-distance dependencies in sequential data by introducing a gating mechanism. An LSTM cell contains an input gate, a forget gate, and an output gate. These gating units can control the inflow, retention, and outflow of information, thereby selectively memorizing or forgetting historical information. Training and Prediction: In the training phase, a large amount of historical force application data and corresponding force application direction labels are used to train the LSTM network, adjusting the weight parameters of the network so that it can learn the patterns and rules in the data. In the prediction phase, new input data is input into the trained network, and the network outputs the predicted force application direction based on the learned knowledge.

[0032] The pressure sensing module includes piezoelectric sensors 13 and FBG fiber optic sensors distributed on the body 1, and a sensor wiring groove is reserved on the shape memory alloy bracket 11. The piezoelectric sensors 13 real-time monitor the pressure distribution during tooth extraction and are embedded in the innermost side (i.e., the side in contact with the tooth) of the flexible buffer layer 12 in an array form (such as a 5×5 grid). This layout ensures that the sensors directly sense the spatial distribution of the pressure on the tooth surface, avoiding accuracy loss caused by signal attenuation due to the buffer layer material. The FBG fiber optic sensors 14 are embedded in the flexible buffer layer 12; the AR glasses interaction terminal is used to receive the data projection of the FBG fiber optic sensors 14. Among them: The main functions of the FBG (Fiber Bragg Grating) fiber optic sensors are: ① Microscopic strain monitoring: Real-time detection of shear forces, torsional deformations, and local stress concentrations inside the flexible buffer layer 12, capturing microscopic mechanical changes that are difficult to perceive by the piezoelectric sensors 13; ② Dynamic stress field modeling: Fusing with the macroscopic pressure data of the piezoelectric sensors 13 to construct a three-dimensional stress field model to assist doctors in identifying high-risk force application directions; ③ Durability and anti-interference: The fiber optic material is resistant to electromagnetic interference and corrosion, suitable for the humid and complex oral environment. The FBG fiber optic sensors 14 are embedded in the middle shear thickening fluid capsule layer 122 of the flexible buffer layer 12 in a serpentine path, close to the stress concentration area. In this embodiment, the piezoelectric sensors 13 (macroscopic pressure monitoring) and the FBG fiber optic sensors 14 (microscopic strain monitoring, such as shear forces, torsional deformations) work together to improve the comprehensiveness of monitoring.

[0033] The vibration feedback module is configured on the operating end 2 and is electrically connected to the pressure sensing module. When the detected pressure exceeds the set threshold, it sends a tactile vibration reminder to the operating end 2. The vibration feedback module includes a high-frequency micromotor 22 installed in the handle of the operating end 2 to generate vibration. At the same time, it also includes an LED warning light 23 linked thereto. When the pressure exceeds the standard and triggers vibration, the color of the LED warning light 23 changes to remind the medical staff in a more intuitive way. In a preferred embodiment, the vibration feedback module is configured to be extended to the patient end, including a flexible vibration patch worn on the patient's cheek, so that the patient can timely perceive abnormal pressure and further improve safety.

[0034] The quick maintenance device includes an ultraviolet disinfection box 3 for placing the body 1, which facilitates quick disinfection of the device. The body 1 and the operating end 2 are detachably connected through a magnetic quick-release interface 21, which is convenient for installation and disassembly and improves the convenience of use.

[0035] As Figure 7 shown, further set, the device further includes a magnetic force compensation system, and the magnetic force compensation system includes: a Halbach permanent magnet array arranged on the contact surface and a current control module; the current control module adjusts the electromagnetic field strength in real time through the Halbach permanent magnet array according to the pressure distribution, so that the resultant force direction is always towards the tooth long axis direction, reducing the lateral force on adjacent teeth and protecting the periodontal tissue of adjacent teeth. Specifically: The Halbach permanent magnet array can generate a special magnetic field distribution. Compared with ordinary permanent magnets, it can generate a stronger magnetic field on one side and a weaker magnetic field on the other side. This characteristic helps to accurately control the electromagnetic field. The current control module is responsible for receiving the pressure distribution data and outputting appropriate current to the Halbach permanent magnet array according to the data to realize the real-time adjustment of the electromagnetic field strength to meet the force compensation requirements in different stages of the tooth extraction process. Based on the coordinated work of the current control module and the Halbach permanent magnet array, the current control module adjusts the current of the Halbach permanent magnet array according to the pressure distribution data monitored by the pressure sensing module. According to Ampere's law and the principle of electromagnetic induction, the change in current will cause the electromagnetic field strength generated by the Halbach permanent magnet array to change. The magnetic field affects the acting force during the tooth extraction process, making the resultant force direction always towards the tooth long axis direction, thereby reducing the unreasonable lateral force on adjacent teeth and achieving the purpose of compensating and optimizing the force.

[0036] Further set, the contact surface of the protection device contains a self-healing polymer, and an antibacterial peptide coating is coated on the surface. Through the above design, the protection device has self-healing ability, prolongs the service life, and at the same time, the antibacterial peptide coating can effectively inhibit the growth of bacteria and keep the device clean and hygienic.

[0037] As Figure 8 shown, this embodiment also provides a usage method of the above-mentioned tooth extraction protection device, including the following steps: After the protection device is connected to the operating end, fix the body on the adjacent tooth, and quickly and automatically adapt to the tooth shape through the shape memory alloy bracket; During the tooth extraction process, the pressure sensing module monitors the pressure on the adjacent tooth in real time; When the pressure exceeds the threshold, a tactile reminder is sent to the doctor through the vibration feedback module; After the operation, disassemble the device and put the body into the quick maintenance device for disinfection.

[0038] More specifically: Device preparation: Before the tooth extraction operation, medical staff take out the body of the tooth extraction protection device from the ultraviolet disinfection box and connect it to the operating end through the magnetic quick-release interface. Ensure that the high-frequency micromotor, LED warning light in the vibration feedback module, piezoelectric sensor, FBG fiber optic sensor, etc. in the pressure sensing module can all work normally. At the same time, initialize the force application direction prediction module based on the LSTM neural network, load the trained model parameters, so that it can accurately predict the force application direction.

[0039] Device wearing: Wear the body of the protection device on the adjacent tooth. The shape memory alloy bracket quickly restores its memory shape in the body temperature environment and fits closely to the surface of the adjacent tooth, providing stable support and protection for the adjacent tooth. The cartilage-like porous silica gel layer and shear thickening fluid sac layer of the flexible buffer layer are in full contact with the adjacent tooth, ready to buffer the impact force during tooth extraction.

[0040] Tooth extraction process: The doctor starts the tooth extraction operation. During the tooth extraction process, the pressure sensing module works in real time. The piezoelectric sensor and FBG fiber optic sensor continuously collect the pressure data on the adjacent tooth. This data is transmitted to the vibration feedback module on the one hand and to the force application direction prediction module based on the LSTM neural network on the other hand. When the pressure exceeds the preset threshold, the high-frequency micromotor starts, generating vibrations at the handle of the operating end. At the same time, the LED warning light changes from green to red, reminding the doctor to pay attention to adjusting the tooth extraction force and direction. The force application direction prediction module based on the LSTM neural network predicts the force application direction according to the pressure data and feeds the prediction result back to the current control module of the magnetic compensation system. The current control module adjusts the electromagnetic field intensity of the Halbach permanent magnet array according to the prediction result, so that the resultant force direction acting on the adjacent tooth is always towards the tooth long axis direction, reducing the damage to the adjacent tooth caused by the lateral force.

[0041] Post-operative treatment: After the tooth extraction operation is completed, the doctor disassembles the body from the operating end through the magnetic quick-release interface and puts it into the ultraviolet disinfection box for disinfection. The ultraviolet rays emitted by the ultraviolet disinfection box disinfect the body comprehensively, killing bacteria and viruses on the surface, ensuring the safety of the device for the next use. After disinfection, store the device properly for the next use. As can be seen from the above embodiments, the invention realizes the structural protection of adjacent teeth through the main body 1, realizes pressure buffering and pressure monitoring through the structural design inside the main body 1, and when the pressure is too high, it reminds the doctor to correct in time through vibration and visual means, or reminds the doctor through the patient by means of flexible vibration, ensuring comprehensive protection of adjacent teeth during tooth extraction. Through material improvement, its service life is greatly improved, and bacterial infection is effectively avoided, improving the postoperative tooth recovery effect. The overall structure of the device is integrated, occupying a small space and being convenient for installation and disassembly.

[0042] The above embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not impose any formal restrictions on the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the above disclosed methods, or modify it into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the technical principle and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any combination, modification or replacement of the technical features disclosed in the present invention based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the principle or scope of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An extraction protection device, characterized in that, It includes a saddle-shaped body (1) worn and fitted on the adjacent tooth surface for protecting the adjacent tooth, a pressure sensing module, a vibration feedback module, and a quick maintenance device; a shape memory alloy bracket (11) is provided inside the body (1), and a flexible buffer layer (12) is provided inside the shape memory alloy bracket (11); the pressure sensing module includes piezoelectric sensors (13) distributed on the body (1) to monitor the pressure distribution during the tooth extraction process in real time; the vibration feedback module is arranged on the operation end (2) and is electrically connected to the pressure sensing module. When the detected pressure exceeds the set threshold, a tactile vibration reminder is sent to the operation end (2); the quick maintenance device includes an ultraviolet disinfection box (3) for storing the body (1), and the body (1) and the operation end (2) are detachably connected through a magnetic quick-release interface (21).

2. The tooth extraction protection device according to claim 1, wherein, The flexible buffer layer (12) includes a multi-stage energy absorption structure, which is, from outside to inside, a cartilage-like porous silica gel layer (121), a shear thickening fluid sac layer (122), and a force application direction prediction module (123) based on an LSTM neural network.

3. The tooth extraction protection device according to claim 2, wherein, The vibration feedback module includes a high-frequency micromotor (22) installed inside the handle of the operation end (2).

4. The tooth extraction protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The vibration feedback module further includes an LED warning light (23) linked thereto. When the pressure exceeds the standard and triggers vibration, the color of the LED warning light (23) changes.

5. The tooth extraction protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The vibration feedback module is configured to be extended to the patient end and includes a flexible vibration patch worn on the patient's cheek.

6. The tooth extraction protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure sensing module further includes an FBG optical fiber sensor (14) embedded in the flexible buffer layer (12); an AR glasses interaction end for receiving data projection of the FBG optical fiber sensor (14).

7. The tooth extraction protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The protection device further includes a magnetic force compensation system, and the magnetic force compensation system includes: a Halbach permanent magnet array arranged on the contact surface, and a current control module; the current control module adjusts the electromagnetic field strength in real time through the Halbach permanent magnet array according to the pressure distribution, so that the resultant force direction is always towards the tooth long axis direction.

8. The tooth extraction protection device according to claim 7, wherein The contact surface of the protection device contains a self-healing polymer, and an antibacterial peptide coating is coated on the surface.

9. A method for using the tooth extraction protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. After the protection device is connected to the operation end, the body is fixed on the adjacent tooth, and the tooth shape is quickly and automatically adapted through the shape memory alloy bracket; S2. During the tooth extraction process, the pressure sensing module monitors the pressure received by the adjacent tooth in real time; S3. When the pressure exceeds the threshold, a tactile reminder is sent to the doctor through the vibration feedback module; S4. After the operation, the device is disassembled, and the body is put into the quick maintenance device for disinfection.

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