Alloy circumferential weld welding device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an alloy circumferential weld welding device and method.The device comprises a run-on plate, the run-on plate is fixed to the position of an alloy welding groove, the run-on plate comprises an arc-shaped face and run-on faces arranged at the two ends of the arc-shaped face, and the run-on faces are tangent to the outer circle of an alloy; the arc-shaped surface is concentric with the alloy and is provided with a chamfer of which the angle is equal to that of the welding groove; the method comprises the following steps: preparing the run-on plate in the welding device; a welding groove is formed in the alloy to be welded, and then the alloy is assembled or fixed; the arc-shaped face of the run-on plate is installed towards the welding groove position to be welded on the alloy, and the run-on plate is fixed at the position to be welded on the alloy; according to the method, the influence of poor welding quality of the arc striking section on the welding quality of a workpiece is avoided, the procedure that the arc striking section needs to be polished and then manual repair welding needs to be conducted when a high-quality welding seam is prepared during conventional welding is omitted, the production efficiency of alloy annular welding is remarkably improved, and the qualification rate is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of welding, and particularly to a welding device and method for alloy circumferential welds. Background Art

[0002] In pressure vessels or cabin structures, some magnesium / aluminum alloy airtight or pressure-bearing vessels are commonly used. Vessels with airtight or pressure-bearing requirements generally need to be formed by welding. Welding can usually be divided into manual welding and automatic welding; manual welding is convenient to operate, but has disadvantages such as unstable wire feeding, low production efficiency, and poor quality stability; automatic welding has advantages such as uniform wire feeding, high production efficiency, and stable welding quality. However, during the arc starting stage of automatic welding, due to unstable electrical parameters, welding defects such as pores and lack of fusion are likely to occur.

[0003] For example, a metal joint welding process disclosed in Patent No. CN113399799A. Aiming at the problem of low welding strength of the joint, the patent document provides the following technology: A metal joint welding process includes the following steps: S1. The electrode and flux are dried and heat-preserved before welding according to the process requirements; S2. The water, rust, oil stain, slag accumulation and other harmful impurities on the surface and both sides of the groove are cleaned up, and for submerged arc welding, the distance from the groove edge is 20 mm on each side; S3. The starting arc plate and the finishing arc plate are positioned before welding, and assembled, spot welded and welded according to the process requirements; S4. For weldments with impact test requirements, control the line energy, and the line energy of each weld bead is less than or equal to the qualified limit value; S5. Self-inspection is carried out, and the welder code mark is made. It is used for the welding of container metal joints, and the welded joint weld has high strength, stable quality and long service life.

[0004] However, it is not convenient to add a starting arc plate for circumferential welds, and it is difficult to avoid welding defects in the arc starting section. As a result, for parts with high weld quality requirements, the arc starting section often needs to be removed by machining after welding and then manually repaired by welding, resulting in low product qualification rate and low efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a welding device and method for alloy circumferential welds, which solves the problems of low product qualification rate and low efficiency caused by defects in the arc starting section during automatic welding of circumferential welds.

[0006] The present invention is realized as follows. A welding device for alloy circumferential welds, the welding device includes a starting arc plate, the starting arc plate is fixed at the alloy welding groove position, the starting arc plate includes an arc surface and starting arc surfaces disposed at both ends of the arc surface, the starting arc surfaces are tangent to the outer circle of the alloy, the arc surface is concentric with the alloy and a chamfer equal to the welding groove angle is provided on the arc surface.

[0007] For circumferential welding, in the prior art, the arc is struck from the workpiece. Affected by the unstable welding current in the just-started state, there are many bubbles and low strength on the workpiece, thus affecting the quality and qualification rate of the product. In the present invention, the arc-shaped surface is concentric with the alloy and the chamfer angle is equal to the welding groove angle on the alloy. At the same time, the arc-striking surface of the arc-striking plate is tangent to the outer circle of the alloy, so that the arc-striking plate can be stably installed at the alloy to be welded, and a smooth transition can be carried out between the arc-striking plate and the welding arc during welding, thus avoiding the influence of poor welding quality in the arc-striking section on the welding quality of the workpiece, eliminating the process of grinding off the arc-striking section and then manually repairing the weld when preparing high-quality welds in conventional welding, and significantly improving the production efficiency of alloy circumferential welding and ensuring the qualification rate.

[0008] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the thickness of the arc-striking plate is consistent with the maximum width of the welding groove after the alloy is assembled or fixed.

[0009] The structure is reasonably designed, the materials are reasonably used and the cost is low.

[0010] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the arc-striking surface is symmetric.

[0011] The present invention also provides a method for welding an alloy circumferential weld, and the method includes the following steps:

[0012] S1. Prepare the arc-striking plate in the welding device described above;

[0013] S2. Open a welding groove on the alloy to be welded, and then assemble or fix the alloy;

[0014] S3. Install the arc-shaped surface of the arc-striking plate facing the welding groove position to be welded on the alloy, and fix the arc-striking plate at the position to be welded on the alloy;

[0015] S4. Start welding, and the welding equipment welds along the arc-striking surface towards the direction to be welded on the alloy.

[0016] When using the existing arc-striking plate for circumferential welds, the effect is not good, and welding defects are likely to occur in the arc-striking section. For some parts with high weld quality requirements, after machining and removing in the arc-striking section, manual repair welding is required, with low efficiency and low product qualification rate. The arc-striking plate adopted in the present invention is adapted to the welding groove of the alloy through the chamfer on the arc-shaped surface, and the positioning of the arc-striking plate can be realized. When welding along the arc-striking surface on the arc-striking plate, a smooth transition between the arc-striking plate and the alloy part can be realized, improving the production efficiency and weld yield of alloy circumferential welding, and having very practical value for solving the problem of alloy welding quality.

[0017] A further technical solution of the present invention is that in the step S4, the welding equipment includes a heating gun and a welding torch, and the heating gun is placed in front of the welding torch along the direction to be welded.

[0018] In the present invention, a double-gun is adopted, with the heating gun in front of the welding gun. Before welding, the area to be welded is dried to remove moisture and preheated, enabling immediate welding after preheating, ensuring the dryness of the weld seam, reducing porosity defects in the weld seam, and improving the weld quality.

[0019] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the welding gun and the heating gun are installed on the same mounting base for synchronous movement.

[0020] By means of one drive, the double-gun can be driven to move, which is convenient, has good consistency, and is also easy to operate.

[0021] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the alloy is magnesium / aluminum alloy, and the arc-striking plate is made of steel material.

[0022] Selecting a steel arc-striking plate can ensure the rapid separation of the arc-striking plate from the workpiece after arc striking. Under the welding process parameters of magnesium / aluminum alloy, the welding bonding force between steel and magnesium / aluminum alloy is low, and it can be easily removed, eliminating the process of machining to remove the arc-striking plate after welding, and improving production efficiency; compared with arc-striking plates made of other materials such as ceramics, the steel arc-striking plate is easier to process, has a controllable shape, and lower cost, and is easy to be popularized and applied in the welding of magnesium / aluminum alloy.

[0023] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the arc-striking plate is made of 45# steel.

[0024] A further technical solution of the present invention is that in step S4, the welding method includes one of automatic tungsten inert gas shielded welding and automatic metal inert gas welding.

[0025] A further technical solution of the present invention is that in step S4, the starting point of welding is on the arc-striking surface of the arc-striking plate, and the stopping point exceeds the starting point by 60 - 80 mm.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention: For circumferential welding, in the prior art, arc striking starts from the workpiece. Affected by the unstable welding current in the just-started state, there are many bubbles and low strength on the workpiece, thus affecting the quality and qualification rate of the product; in the present invention, the arc-shaped surface is concentric with the alloy and the chamfer angle is equal to the welding groove angle on the alloy. At the same time, the arc-striking surface of the arc-striking plate is tangent to the outer circle of the alloy, enabling the arc-striking plate to be stably installed at the area to be welded of the alloy, and enabling a smooth transition between the arc-striking plate and the welding arc during welding, thus avoiding the influence of poor welding quality in the arc-striking section on the welding quality of the workpiece, eliminating the process of grinding off the arc-striking section and then manually repairing the weld during conventional welding to prepare high-quality welds, and significantly improving the production efficiency of alloy circumferential welding and ensuring the qualification rate.

[0027] Selecting a steel arc striking plate can ensure the rapid separation of the arc striking plate from the workpiece after arc striking. Under the welding process parameters of magnesium / aluminum alloy, the welding bonding force between steel and magnesium / aluminum alloy is low, and it can be easily removed. Compared with arc striking plates made of other materials such as ceramics, the steel arc striking plate is easy to process, has a controllable shape, and a lower cost, and is easy to be popularized and applied in magnesium / aluminum alloy welding.

[0028] Using the double guns of the present invention, welding can be carried out immediately after preheating, ensuring the dryness of the weld seam and reducing the porosity defects of the weld seam. Using a steel arc striking plate can achieve the rapid separation of the arc striking plate from the workpiece, eliminating the process of removing the arc striking plate by machining after welding, improving production efficiency; realizing welding immediately after preheating, reducing the generation of weld seam pores, and improving the weld quality. Through the application of the present invention, both the production efficiency and the weld quality rate of magnesium / aluminum alloy circular welding can be improved, which has very practical value for solving the problem of magnesium / aluminum alloy welding quality. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the arc striking plate provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram after alloy assembly or fixation provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 is an assembly diagram and welding schematic diagram of the arc striking plate provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the welding equipment provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 is a flow chart of a method for welding an alloy ring weld provided by the present invention.

[0034] Reference Numerals: 1. First alloy component, 2. Second alloy component, 3. Arc striking plate, 4. Arc starting point, 5. Welding gun head, 6. Heating gun head, 7. Gas pipe, 8. Welding gun wire feeding and cable pipe. Detailed Embodiments

[0035] The following specific examples illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand the other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0036] Example 1:

[0037] Figure 1An alloy circumferential weld welding device is shown. The welding device includes a starting plate 3, which is fixed at the alloy welding groove position. The starting plate 3 includes an arc surface 31 and starting surfaces 3 disposed at both ends of the arc surface 31. The starting surfaces 3 are tangent to the outer circle of the alloy, and the arc surface 31 is concentric with the alloy and is provided with a chamfer having the same angle as the welding groove on the arc surface 31.

[0038] For circumferential welding, the prior art starts the arc from the workpiece. Affected by the unstable welding current in the just-started state, there are many bubbles and low strength on the workpiece, thus affecting the quality and qualification rate of the product. In the present invention, the arc surface 31 is concentric with the alloy and the chamfer has the same angle as the welding groove on the alloy. At the same time, the starting surface 3 of the starting plate 3 is tangent to the outer circle of the alloy, so that the starting plate 3 can be stably installed at the alloy to-be-welded position, and a smooth transition can be made between the starting plate 3 and the welding arc during welding, thereby avoiding the influence of poor welding quality in the starting arc section on the welding quality of the workpiece, eliminating the process of grinding off the starting arc section and then manually repairing the weld when preparing high-quality welds in conventional welding, and significantly improving the production efficiency of alloy circumferential welding and ensuring the qualification rate.

[0039] In this embodiment, the thickness of the starting plate 3 is consistent with the maximum width of the welding groove after alloy assembly or fixation.

[0040] The structure design is reasonable, the materials used are reasonable and the cost is low.

[0041] In this embodiment, the starting surfaces 3 are symmetrical.

[0042] Embodiment 2:

[0043] As Figures 1-5 shown, an alloy circumferential weld welding method, the method includes the following steps:

[0044] S1. Prepare the starting plate 3 in the welding device.

[0045] S2. Open a welding groove on the alloy to be welded, and then assemble or fix the alloy.

[0046] S3. Install the arc surface 31 of the starting plate 3 facing the welding groove position to be welded on the alloy, and fix the starting plate 3 at the position to be welded on the alloy.

[0047] S4. Start welding, and the welding equipment welds along the starting surface 3 in the direction of the alloy to be welded.

[0048] The existing starting arc plate 3 for circumferential welds has poor performance in use, and welding defects are prone to occur in the starting arc section. For some parts with high weld quality requirements, after machining removal in the starting arc section, manual repair welding is required, resulting in low efficiency and low product qualification rate. The starting arc plate 3 adopted in the present invention is adapted to the welding groove of the alloy through the chamfer on the arc surface 31, so as to realize the positioning of the starting arc plate 3. When welding along the starting arc surface 3 on the starting arc plate 3, a smooth transition between the starting arc plate 3 and the alloy part can be achieved, improving the production efficiency and weld quality rate of alloy circular welding, and having very practical value for solving the problem of alloy welding quality.

[0049] In this embodiment, after starting the welding equipment for welding, the welding equipment starts welding from the starting arc surface 3, welds along the direction of the circumferential weld to be welded on the alloy, removes the starting arc plate 3, and the welding equipment continues welding until the circular welding of the alloy is completed.

[0050] In this embodiment, the position to be welded on the alloy is the welding groove between the first alloy component 11 and the second alloy component 22, as Figure 2 shown.

[0051] In this embodiment, in the step S4, the welding equipment includes a heating gun and a welding torch. Along the direction to be welded, the heating gun is placed in front of the welding torch.

[0052] In the present invention, two guns are adopted, and the heating gun is in front of the welding torch. Before welding, the place to be welded is dried to remove moisture and preheated. It can be welded immediately after preheating, ensuring the dryness of the weld, reducing the porosity defects of the weld, and improving the weld quality.

[0053] In this embodiment, the welding torch and the heating gun are installed on the same mounting seat for synchronous movement.

[0054] By one drive, the two guns can be driven to move, which is convenient, has good consistency, and is also convenient to operate.

[0055] In this embodiment, the heating gun is connected to the gas pipe 7, and the welding torch is connected with a welding torch wire feeding and cable pipe 8; the heating gun head 6 of the heating gun and the welding torch head 5 of the welding torch are both aligned with the weld and move along the circumferential weld to be welded.

[0056] In this embodiment, the alloy is magnesium / aluminum alloy, and the starting arc plate 3 is made of steel material.

[0057] Selecting a steel starting arc plate 3 can ensure the rapid separation of the starting arc plate 3 from the workpiece after arc starting. Under the welding process parameters of magnesium / aluminum alloy, the welding bonding force between steel and magnesium / aluminum alloy is low, and it can be easily removed, eliminating the process of machining and removing the starting arc plate 3 after welding, and improving the production efficiency; compared with other materials such as ceramics, the steel starting arc plate 3 is easy to process, has controllable shape and low cost, and is easy to be popularized and applied in magnesium / aluminum alloy welding.

[0058] In this embodiment, the arc striking plate 3 is made of 45# steel.

[0059] In this embodiment, in step S4, the welding method includes one of automatic tungsten inert gas shielded welding and automatic metal inert gas shielded welding.

[0060] In this embodiment, in step S4, the starting point of welding is on the arc striking surface 3 of the arc striking plate 3, and the stopping point of arc exceeds the starting point by 460 - 80 mm.

[0061] In this embodiment, the present invention aims at the problem that welding defects are likely to occur in the starting stage of automatic welding, and provides a method and a welding device for magnesium / aluminum alloy circumferential welds, so as to improve the welding yield and production efficiency. The specific technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0062] S1. Prepare a special structure arc striking plate 3 matching the circumferential weld. The material of the arc striking plate 3 is steel.

[0063] S2. Open a welding groove on the magnesium / aluminum alloy component to be welded, and assemble or fix it.

[0064] S3. Fix the steel arc striking plate 3 at the welding position.

[0065] S4. Weld according to the established welding process.

[0066] In this embodiment, the position of the steel arc striking plate 3 in contact with the weld in S1 is designed as a circular arc concentric with the welded workpiece. The structural design ensures that the arc striking surface 3 is tangent to the outer circle of the circumferential workpiece. The chamfer of the circular arc part is designed at the same angle as the welding groove of the workpiece. The thickness of the arc striking plate 3 is consistent with the maximum width of the groove after being fixed with the aluminum alloy welded part.

[0067] In this embodiment, in S3, the circular arc part of the steel arc striking plate 3 is embedded into the welding groove to be welded.

[0068] In this embodiment, the welding wire selected in S4 is selected according to the magnesium / aluminum alloy material and performance requirements of the welded workpiece. The selection basis can refer to the conventional selection principle of magnesium / aluminum alloy welding wire; the welding method can be either automatic TIG or MIG welding; the starting point of welding is selected on the steel arc striking plate 3, and the arc striking length is appropriately adjusted according to the equipment performance and weld requirements; the stopping point of welding exceeds the starting point by a length of 460 - 80 mm.

[0069] In this embodiment, in S4, the dual-purpose welding torch designed by the present invention is used for welding. The dual-purpose welding torch of the present invention includes two parts: a welding torch and a heating torch. Among them, the welding torch can be designed in the form of a TIG or MIG welding torch according to welding requirements; the horizontal distance between the welding torch and the heating torch is 20 - 50 mm.

[0070] In this embodiment, first, use 45# steel (the steel material is not limited) to prepare the arc striking plate 3 that matches the circumferential weld. The material of the arc striking plate 3 is steel. 8 * 45° bevels are symmetrically opened at the arc-shaped part. In actual application, the size of the bevel is adjusted according to the groove size of aluminum alloy welding;

[0071] In this embodiment, open an 8 * 45° welding groove on the magnesium / aluminum alloy component to be welded. The size of the groove is designed according to the welding experience of aluminum alloy and the wall thickness and size of different workpieces, and then assemble or fix it;

[0072] Fix the steel arc striking plate 3 at the welding position. After fixing, the form can be referred to Figure 3 the assembly drawing of the workpiece and the arc striking plate 3 and the welding schematic diagram;

[0073] Weld according to the set magnesium / aluminum alloy welding process with the dual-purpose welding torch designed by the present invention.

[0074] The special structural design and material selection of the arc striking plate 3 in the present invention solve the problems in circumferential part welding. Through the structural design, the arc striking plate 3 is tangent to the outer circle of the welding workpiece, realizing a smooth transition between the arc striking plate 3 and the welding arc, and solving the problem that it is difficult to add the arc striking plate 3 to the circumferential weld; through the design and application of the arc striking plate 3 in the present invention, the influence of poor welding quality in the starting arc section on the welding quality of the workpiece is avoided, and the process of grinding off the starting arc section and then manually repairing the weld when preparing high-quality welds in conventional welding is eliminated, significantly improving the production efficiency of magnesium / aluminum alloy circumferential welding;

[0075] Selecting a steel arc striking plate 3 can ensure the rapid separation of the arc striking plate 3 and the workpiece after arc striking. Under the magnesium / aluminum alloy welding process parameters, the welding bonding force between steel and magnesium / aluminum alloy is low, and it can be easily removed. The steel arc striking plate 3 is easier to process, has a controllable shape and lower cost compared with arc striking plates 3 made of other materials such as ceramics, and is easy to be popularized and applied in magnesium / aluminum alloy welding.

[0076] Using the double guns of the present invention can realize welding immediately after preheating, ensuring the dryness of the weld and reducing the porosity defects of the weld. Using the steel arc striking plate 3 can realize the rapid separation of the arc striking plate 3 and the workpiece, eliminating the process of machining to remove the arc striking plate 3 after welding and improving the production efficiency; realizing welding immediately after preheating, reducing the generation of weld porosity and improving the weld quality. Through the application of the present invention, both the production efficiency and the weld yield rate of magnesium / aluminum alloy circumferential welding can be improved, which has very practical value for solving the problems of magnesium / aluminum alloy welding quality.

[0077] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An alloy ring weld welding device, characterized in that: The welding device includes an arc-starting plate, which is fixed at the alloy welding groove position. The arc-starting plate includes an arc-shaped surface and arc-starting surfaces arranged at both ends of the arc-shaped surface. The arc-starting surface is tangent to the outer circle of the alloy. The arc-shaped surface is concentric with the alloy and is provided with a chamfer equal to the welding groove angle.

2. The alloy ring weld welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the arc-starting plate is consistent with the maximum width of the welding groove after the alloy is assembled or fixed.

3. The alloy ring weld welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc striking surfaces are symmetrically arranged.

4. A method for welding an alloy ring weld, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. Prepare the arc starting plate in the welding device according to any one of claims 1 to 3; S2, making a welding groove on the alloy to be welded, and then assembling or fixing the alloy; S3, installing the arc-shaped surface of the arc-starting plate toward the welding groove position to be welded on the alloy, and fixing the arc-starting plate at the position to be welded on the alloy; S4. Start welding, and the welding equipment welds along the arc-starting surface in the direction of the alloy to be welded.

5. The alloy ring weld welding method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S4, the welding equipment includes a heating gun and a welding gun, and the heating gun is placed in front of the welding gun along the direction to be welded.

6. The alloy ring weld welding method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The welding gun and the heating gun are mounted on the same mounting seat for synchronous action.

7. The alloy ring weld welding method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The alloy is a magnesium / aluminum alloy, and the arc-starting plate is made of steel.

8. The alloy ring weld welding method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the step S4, the welding method includes one of automated tungsten inert gas shielded welding and automated metal inert gas shielded welding.

9. The alloy ring weld welding method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S4, the starting point of welding is on the arc-starting surface of the arc-starting plate, and the arc-ending point is 60-80 mm beyond the arc-starting point.

Images