A buoy system for monitoring the ecological environment of marine engineering

Abstract

The present invention discloses a buoy system for monitoring the ecological environment of marine engineering, which belongs to the technical field of marine ecological environment monitoring. The buoy system includes a buoy seat, on which a surface sampling mechanism for sampling phytoplankton and a layered sampling mechanism for sampling water bodies at different depths are provided. The present invention ensures that the vertical projections of each layer of samples do not overlap during the drying process by using an inclined surface mounting frame and a staggered surface interception grid, effectively preventing the upper seawater from seeping into the lower layer and interfering with the lower layer samples. The surface interception grid is driven by a ratchet ring to realize a step-by-step climbing mechanism. At the same time, the engagement design of the annular sampling box and the one-way ratchet ensures that only samples at different depths at the sampling location are allowed to enter the fixed power column each rotation. In addition, during the flow of seawater, the annular sampling box and the negative pressure one-way sampling valve are used to extract seawater, reducing aliasing sampling on the vertical surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of marine ecological environment monitoring, and in particular to a buoy system for marine engineering ecological environment monitoring. Background Art

[0002] In ecological and environmental monitoring, monitoring of the ecological status of water bodies is extremely critical. For example, when carrying out a certain marine project, it is often necessary to conduct sampling monitoring of the marine water body where it is located, and then send the sampled specimens to the laboratory for special analysis, so as to effectively assess whether the ecological environment of the construction area is affected by this marine project.

[0003] At present, in the process of monitoring the ecological environment of marine engineering, buoys located on the sea surface often collect hydrological, water quality and meteorological data of the deployed sea area by monitoring data such as water flow rate, transparency and temperature. However, in the sea area where marine engineering is under construction, the ecological environment of the sea area will deteriorate due to the impact of human activities and changes in the natural environment. It is necessary to sample and conduct special analysis on the components of each layer of water bodies at different depths in the construction sea area. Only by monitoring the hydrological and water quality data of the water body, it is impossible to timely discover the specific degree of deterioration of the ecological environment of the construction sea area, and it is impossible to carry out targeted repair and protection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems raised in the prior art and to propose a buoy system for monitoring the ecological environment of marine engineering.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A buoy system for monitoring the ecological environment of marine engineering includes a buoy seat for monitoring ocean water quality, a surface sampling mechanism for sampling phytoplankton is provided above the buoy seat, and a stratified sampling mechanism for sampling water bodies at different depths is provided below the buoy seat. A hollow fixed-point power column is connected to the interior of the buoy seat via an anchor chain, and a power mechanism is also provided on the fixed-point power column. The power mechanism consists of a cutoff power component and an extraction power component.

[0007] The surface sampling mechanism includes a surface mounting frame provided on the buoy seat, a surface storage box is installed in the surface mounting frame, a surface intercepting grid is unidirectionally slidably provided in the surface storage box, and an intercepting net is clamped in the surface intercepting grid;

[0008] The stratified sampling mechanism includes a deep stabilization frame installed below the buoy seat. The deep stabilization frame is rotatably provided with a plurality of linearly arranged horseshoe seats on one side close to the fixed power column. An annular sampling box is rotatably provided inside the horseshoe seat, and a negative pressure one-way sampling valve is provided on the annular sampling box.

[0009] Preferably, the surface mounting frame is provided with a sliding groove for the surface storage box to slide, the surface mounting frame is fixedly provided with a transparent drying window corresponding to the surface storage box, and a sampling cover is fixedly provided on the top of the surface mounting frame, and the inner wall of the surface mounting frame is movably connected to a ratchet rack by bolts.

[0010] Preferably, the plurality of surface intercepting grids are rotatably connected to each other via a rotating shaft, and the surface intercepting grids are provided with limiting sliding grooves that are slidably connected to the surface storage box, and the surface intercepting grids are fixed with a one-way rack that is adapted to the ratchet rack on the side facing the surface mounting frame.

[0011] Preferably, the intercepting power assembly includes a negative pressure driving cover slidably connected to the top of the fixed power column, the edge of the negative pressure driving cover is rotatably connected to the buoy seat through a rotating connecting rod, and the fixed power column is provided with an intercepting hole matching the intercepting net, and the bottom of the negative pressure driving cover is fixed with an intercepting plug located below the intercepting hole through a connecting rod, and a telescopic spring sleeve is provided on the side of the rotating connecting rod away from the negative pressure driving cover, and the rotating connecting rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the telescopic spring sleeve through a telescopic spring.

[0012] Preferably, a ratchet ring is provided on the surface of the fixed-point power column above the buoy seat, and the ratchet ring is engaged with the surface interception grid through ratchet teeth.

[0013] Preferably, an extraction port is provided on a side of the horseshoe seat close to the fixed-point power column, and a mounting shoe-shaped notch matching the fixed-point power column is provided on the horseshoe seat.

[0014] Preferably, the negative pressure one-way sampling valve close to the fixed-point power column is adapted to the extraction port, and the annular sampling box is provided with a one-way tooth groove on the side close to the fixed-point power column.

[0015] Preferably, the extraction power assembly includes a rotating sleeve and an extraction slide plug which are sleeved on the outer surface of the fixed power column. The outer surface of the rotating sleeve is provided with a spiral groove. The buoy seat is slidingly connected to the spiral groove through the spiral column, and the surfaces of the rotating sleeve and the fixed power column are both provided with extraction holes matching the extraction port. The outer surface of the rotating sleeve is engaged with the one-way tooth groove through a one-way ratchet, and the extraction slide plug is fixed to the bottom of the interception slide plug through a connecting rod.

[0016] Preferably, a one-way conducting component is provided at the bottom of the fixed-point power column, and the one-way conducting component consists of a tension spring and a closing cover.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The surface sampling mechanism equipped with a surface mounting frame and a surface interception grid is combined with a fixed power column. The inclined surface mounting frame and the staggered surface interception grid ensure that the vertical projections of each layer of samples do not overlap during the drying process, effectively preventing the infiltration of upper seawater from interfering with the lower samples. The surface interception grid is driven by a ratchet ring to achieve a step-by-step climbing mechanism.

[0019] 2. The layered sampling mechanism equipped with an annular sampling box and a rotating sleeve is combined with a fixed-point power column. The engagement design of the annular sampling box and the one-way ratchet ensures that only samples at different depths of the sampling area are allowed to enter the fixed-point power column during each rotation. During the flow of seawater, seawater is extracted through the annular sampling box and the negative pressure one-way sampling valve, thereby reducing aliasing sampling on the vertical surface.

[0020] 3. Through the coordinated movement of the fixed-point power column equipped with a power mechanism and the interception slide, the potential energy converted from the crests and troughs of the waves is converted into a negative pressure driving force, thus eliminating the need for external energy input and achieving multiple sampling drives in a single day. Compared with traditional buoy sampling, this improves the sampling efficiency in the seawater monitoring process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of a buoy system for monitoring the ecological environment of marine engineering proposed by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the overall structure assembly of a buoy system for monitoring the ecological environment of marine engineering proposed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a buoy seat, a fixed-point power column and a surface mounting frame in a buoy system for monitoring the ecological environment of marine engineering proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified view of the structure at center A;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the cross section of the buoy seat in a buoy system for monitoring the ecological environment of marine engineering proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the surface interception grid and interception net in a buoy system for marine engineering ecological environment monitoring proposed by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a rotating sleeve and a horseshoe seat in a buoy system for monitoring the ecological environment of marine engineering proposed by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A magnified view of the structure at B in the middle;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of a horseshoe seat and annular sampling box in a buoy system for marine engineering ecological environment monitoring proposed by the present invention.

[0030] Figure markings: 1. buoy seat; 2. fixed power column; 21. negative pressure drive cover; 211. rotating connecting rod; 22. intercepting plug; 23. telescopic spring sleeve; 24. ratchet ring; 3. surface mounting frame; 31. transparent drying window; 32. sampling cover; 33. ratchet rack; 4. surface storage box; 41. surface intercepting grid; 411. one-way rack; 42. intercepting net; 5. deep stabilizing frame; 51. horseshoe seat; 52. annular sampling box; 521. one-way tooth groove; 53. negative pressure one-way sampling valve; 6. rotating sleeve; 61. one-way ratchet; 7. extraction plug; 8. tension spring; 81. closing cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "top / bottom," and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "provided with," "mounted / connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will be able to understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific circumstances.

[0034] Example, see Figures 1 to 9A buoy system for monitoring the ecological environment of marine engineering includes a buoy base 1 for monitoring the quality of marine water bodies. A surface sampling mechanism for sampling phytoplankton is provided above the buoy base 1, and a layered sampling mechanism for sampling water bodies at different depths is provided below the buoy base 1. A hollow fixed-point power column 2 is connected to the interior of the buoy base 1 through an anchor chain. The fixed-point power column 2 is also provided with a power mechanism, which consists of a cutoff power component and an extraction power component.

[0035] It should be noted that the buoy seat 1 floats on the sea surface due to the buoyancy of its own material, and the fixed power column 2 is fixed with an anchor concrete block via an anchor chain to anchor the buoy seat 1 to prevent the buoy seat 1 from floating into non-monitored sea areas with the waves. This is the existing anchoring technology of the buoy seat 1 and will not be described in detail in the following.

[0036] Based on the above, a phytoplankton interception groove is provided on the top of the buoy seat 1. When sampling phytoplankton on the ocean surface, the buoy seat 1 can be lowered below the sea level to pour seawater into the center of the buoy seat 1, so that surface phytoplankton such as blue algae, green algae, red algae and other algae can be sampled by the surface sampling mechanism, providing an interception basis for the surface sampling mechanism to take samples.

[0037] like Figures 2 to 6 As shown, the surface sampling mechanism includes a surface mounting frame 3 provided on the buoy seat 1, a surface storage box 4 is installed in the surface mounting frame 3, a surface intercepting grid 41 is unidirectionally slidably provided in the surface storage box 4, and an intercepting net 42 is clamped in the surface intercepting grid 41;

[0038] Furthermore, a sliding groove for the surface storage box 4 to slide is provided on the surface mounting frame 3, a transparent drying window 31 corresponding to the surface storage box 4 is fixedly installed on the surface mounting frame 3, and a sampling cover 32 is fixedly installed on the top of the surface mounting frame 3. A ratchet rack 33 is movably connected to the inner wall of the surface mounting frame 3 by bolts, so that after the intercepting net 42 intercepts the algae plants, they can be dried through the transparent drying window 31, so that after the intercepting net 42 is taken out, the algae biomass and species of each surface sampling can be obtained by the species and weight of the dried algae.

[0039] Furthermore, a plurality of surface intercepting grids 41 are connected to each other by rotating shafts, and a limiting slide groove is provided on the surface intercepting grid 41, which is slidably connected to the surface storage box 4. A one-way rack 411 adapted to the ratchet rack 33 is fixed on the side of the surface intercepting grid 41 facing the surface mounting frame 3, so that when the fixed-point power column 2 is raised and lowered relative to the buoy seat 1, the surface intercepting grid 41 is driven to climb upward until all the surface intercepting grids 41 are driven upward to above the fixed-point power column 2, completing the sampling operation of phytoplankton on the ocean surface.

[0040] It should be noted that the surface mounting frame 3 is arranged at an angle. When the surface intercepting grid 41 climbs upward through the fixed power column 2, the surface mounting frame 3 limits the sliding of the surface intercepting grid 41, so that the horizontal projections of each surface intercepting grid 41 are not in the same position. Therefore, during the drying process of the surface intercepting grid 41, the seawater carried by the upper sample will not affect the drying of the lower sample layer.

[0041] A further advantage of adopting the above method is that after sampling of each surface intercepting grid 41 is completed, the sampling cover 32 is opened and the plurality of sampled surface intercepting grids 41 can be taken from the top of the surface mounting frame 3. When a new surface intercepting grid 41 needs to be installed, the ratchet rack 33 is moved away from the engagement with the one-way rack 411 by bolts, and the new plurality of surface intercepting grids 41 can be lowered to the bottom of the buoy seat 1, waiting for interception and sampling of marine surface plants again.

[0042] Based on the above, multiple surface intercepting grids 41 are chain-connected through a rotating shaft, so that when the bottom surface intercepting grid 41 rises, the bottom of the top surface intercepting grid 41 is pushed upward, so that the multiple surface intercepting grids 41 are evenly arranged below the transparent drying window 31, and the sample drying process is carried out synchronously during the sampling process of the layered sampling mechanism.

[0043] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the intercepting power assembly includes a negative pressure driving cover 21 slidably connected to the top of the fixed power column 2, the edge of the negative pressure driving cover 21 is rotatably connected to the buoy seat 1 through a rotating connecting rod 211, a intercepting hole matching the intercepting net 42 is opened on the fixed power column 2, and an intercepting slide plug 22 located below the intercepting hole is fixed to the bottom of the negative pressure driving cover 21 through a connecting rod, and a telescopic spring sleeve 23 is provided on the side of the rotating connecting rod 211 away from the negative pressure driving cover 21, and the rotating connecting rod 211 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the telescopic spring sleeve 23 through a telescopic spring;

[0044] Furthermore, a ratchet ring 24 is provided on the surface of the fixed power column 2 above the buoy seat 1, and the ratchet ring 24 is engaged with the surface interception grid 41 through ratchet teeth;

[0045] It should be noted that: when the sea level in the detected sea area is calm, the negative pressure drive cover 21 is located above the buoy seat 1 under the elastic force of the telescopic spring, and generates downward pressure on the fixed power column 2. When the sea level in the detected sea area is in a turbulent state, when the buoy seat 1 passes the crest of the wave, the buoy seat 1 will be driven to move upward by the buoyancy of the sea water; during this period, the fixed power column 2 is fixed by the anchor chain of fixed length, which will generate a downward pulling force on the fixed power column 2, so that relative to the buoy seat 1, the fixed power column 2 will undergo a relative decline process, and as the buoy seat 1 follows When the anchor chain connected to the fixed power column 2 is in a relaxed state after passing from the wave crest to the wave bottom, that is, when the fixed power column 2 and the buoy seat 1 are at the wave bottom and the sea is calm, the fixed power column 2 will rise relative to the buoy seat 1, thereby utilizing the change in seawater potential energy in the detection sea area to convert it into the lifting power of the fixed power column 2 (the process of the buoy converting seawater potential energy into kinetic energy here is analogous to the buoy power generation part in the existing buoy power generation system. The conversion process of converting seawater potential energy into kinetic energy is a prior art and will not be described in detail in the following);

[0046] Based on the above, since the negative pressure drive cover 21 is rotatably connected to the buoy seat 1 via the rotating connecting rod 211 and is extended and retracted by the telescopic spring, when the fixed-point power column 2 is raised or lowered relative to the buoy seat 1, it will also move relative to the negative pressure drive cover 21, so that negative pressure is generated between the negative pressure drive cover 21 and the fixed-point power column 2, providing negative pressure power for sampling deeper seawater;

[0047] Based on the above, further, when the negative pressure drive cover 21 moves upward compared to the fixed power column 2, the surface sampling environment composed of the fixed power column 2 and the intercepting plug 22 will be in a state above the sea level, and the seawater will flow out from the intercepting hole, and the hollow area inside the fixed power column 2 will be in a negative pressure environment. At this time, the sea level at the buoy seat 1 is in the process of transitioning from the crest of the wave to the bottom of the wave. When the negative pressure drive cover 21 moves downward compared to the fixed power column 2, the surface sampling environment composed of the fixed power column 2 and the intercepting plug 22 will be in a state below the sea level. At this time, seawater will be introduced from the intercepting hole into the fixed power column 2, and the hollow area inside it will be in a pressure relief environment.

[0048] A further advantage of adopting the above method is that when the fixed-point power column 2 is raised or lowered relative to the buoy seat 1, the surface interception grid 41 located at the same height of the buoy seat 1 is driven to rise by the ratchet teeth, and this cycle is repeated. In each subsequent lifting process of the fixed-point power column 2, the surface interception grid 41 located at the same height of the buoy seat 1 will be driven to rise until all the surface interception grids 41 rise to the bottom of the transparent drying window 31, completing the sampling process of the surface plants of the seawater.

[0049] like Figure 2 and Figures 7 to 9As shown, the layered sampling mechanism includes a deep-layer stabilizing frame 5 installed below the buoy seat 1. A plurality of linearly arranged horseshoe seats 51 are rotatably provided on one side of the deep-layer stabilizing frame 5 close to the fixed-point power column 2. An annular sampling box 52 is rotatably provided inside the horseshoe seat 51, and a negative pressure one-way sampling valve 53 is provided on the annular sampling box 52.

[0050] Furthermore, an extraction port is provided on one side of the horseshoe seat 51 close to the fixed power column 2, and a mounting shoe-shaped notch matching the fixed power column 2 is provided on the horseshoe seat 51, so that when the horseshoe seat 51 is installed, the horseshoe seat 51 can be sleeved on the outer surface of the rotating sleeve 6 through the mounting shoe-shaped notch;

[0051] Furthermore, the negative pressure one-way sampling valve 53 near the fixed power column 2 is adapted to the extraction port, and the annular sampling box 52 is provided with a one-way tooth groove 521 near the fixed power column 2.

[0052] It should be noted that steering resistance fins are provided on the outer surface of the buoy seat 1, which can rotate relative to the buoy seat 1 during the lifting and lowering process of the rotating sleeve 6, and a mounting shoe-shaped notch is also provided between the multiple annular sampling boxes 52. When the horseshoe seat 51 is installed, the multiple annular sampling boxes 52 can also be sleeved on the outer surface of the rotating sleeve 6, so that when the extraction power component is subsequently driven to rotate, the annular sampling boxes 52 are driven to rotate one by one, and when the negative pressure one-way sampling valve 53 thereof is aligned with the extraction hole opened on the surface of the rotating sleeve 6 and the fixed power column 2, the seawater at this depth is extracted through the negative pressure environment in the fixed power column 2.

[0053] A further advantage of adopting the above method is that when the rotating sleeve 6 rotates back and forth once, it will drive the annular sampling box 52 to rotate unidirectionally, so that when a negative pressure is generated in the fixed power column 2 by extracting the sliding plug 7, the seawater at this depth is sampled through the negative pressure one-way sampling valve 53, completing a single seawater sampling process.

[0054] like Figure 2 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the extraction power assembly includes a rotating sleeve 6 and an extraction slide 7 which are sleeved on the outer surface of the fixed power column 2. The outer surface of the rotating sleeve 6 is provided with a spiral groove. The buoy seat 1 is slidably connected to the spiral groove through the spiral column. The surfaces of the rotating sleeve 6 and the fixed power column 2 are both provided with extraction holes matching the extraction port. The outer surface of the rotating sleeve 6 is engaged with the one-way tooth groove 521 through a one-way ratchet 61. The extraction slide 7 is fixed to the bottom of the interception slide 22 through a connecting rod. Therefore, during the rotation of the rotating sleeve 6, organisms such as barnacles attached to the extraction hole of the fixed power column 2 can also be scraped off, thereby improving the negative pressure sampling stability of the fixed power column 2.

[0055] Furthermore, a one-way conducting assembly is provided at the bottom of the fixed-point power column 2, and the one-way conducting assembly is composed of a tension spring 8 and a closing cover 81;

[0056] It should be noted that the rotating sleeve 6 is rotatably sleeved on the outer surface of the fixed-point power column 2. When the fixed-point power column 2 is raised or lowered relative to the buoy seat 1, the rotating sleeve 6 is also driven to rise or fall synchronously. During the rotation of the rotating sleeve 6, the one-way ratchet 61 is driven to engage with the one-way tooth groove 521, so that the annular sampling box 52 rotates in a single direction clockwise. When the extraction hole is aligned with the negative pressure one-way sampling valve 53 of the annular sampling box 52, seawater is extracted through the negative pressure environment in the fixed-point power column 2.

[0057] A further advantage of adopting the above method is that when the extraction slide 7 rises compared to the fixed power column 2, the fixed power column 2 is in a negative pressure environment, and the closing cover 81 is tightly attached to the surface of the fixed power column 2, and seawater will not be extracted from the closing cover 81. When the extraction slide 7 falls compared to the fixed power column 2, the fixed power column 2 is in a pressure release process. The closing cover 81 slides outward due to the water pressure, and causes the tension spring 8 to stretch, thereby discharging the seawater in the fixed power column 2, so that when the negative pressure one-way sampling valve 53 on the annular sampling box 52 is not aligned with the extraction hole, the seawater can be discharged in time, and when the negative pressure one-way sampling valve 53 is aligned with the extraction hole, the fixed power column 2 will not be unable to provide a negative pressure environment and seawater of different depths cannot be extracted.

[0058] Working principle:

[0059] The present invention is divided into a surface seawater phytoplankton sampling process and a deeper seawater sampling process when sampling and monitoring seawater in the monitoring sea area. Among them, the surface seawater phytoplankton sampling process is specifically as follows: the surface mounting frame 3 is arranged at an angle. When the surface interception grid 41 climbs upward through the fixed power column 2, the surface mounting frame 3 limits the sliding of the surface interception grid 41, so that the horizontal projections of each surface interception grid 41 are not in the same position. Therefore, during the drying process of the surface interception grid 41, the seawater carried in the upper layer sample will not affect the drying of the lower layer sample;

[0060] Based on the above, during the sampling of phytoplankton in the surface seawater, the sampling driving process is as follows: when the fixed power column 2 rises and falls relative to the buoy seat 1, the surface interception grid 41 is driven to rise through the ratchet ring 24, and the phytoplankton in the flowing seawater is intercepted;

[0061] Based on the above, when the fixed power column 2 rises and falls relative to the buoy seat 1, its sampling environment is specifically manifested as follows: when the negative pressure driving cover 21 moves upward compared to the fixed power column 2, the surface sampling environment composed of the fixed power column 2 and the intercepting slide plug 22 will be in a state higher than the sea level, and the seawater will flow out from the intercepting hole, and the hollow area inside the fixed power column 2 will be in a negative pressure environment. At this time, the sea level at the buoy seat 1 is in the process of transitioning from the crest of the wave to the bottom of the wave. When the negative pressure driving cover 21 moves downward compared to the fixed power column 2, the surface sampling environment composed of the fixed power column 2 and the intercepting slide plug 22 will be in a state lower than the sea level. At this time, seawater will be introduced from the intercepting hole into the fixed power column 2, and the hollow area therein will be in a pressure relief environment.

[0062] Based on the above, the sampling process of deeper seawater is specifically as follows: the rotating sleeve 6 is rotatably sleeved on the outer surface of the fixed power column 2. When the fixed power column 2 is raised or lowered compared to the buoy seat 1, the rotating sleeve 6 is also driven to rise or fall synchronously. During the rotation of the rotating sleeve 6, the one-way ratchet 61 is driven to engage with the one-way tooth groove 521, so that the annular sampling box 52 rotates in a single direction clockwise, and when the rotating sleeve 6 rotates back and forth once, the annular sampling box 52 is driven to rotate unidirectionally, so that when a negative pressure is generated in the fixed power column 2 by extracting the slide plug 7, the seawater at this depth is sampled through the negative pressure one-way sampling valve 53. This is repeated until all the annular sampling boxes 52 have sampled the seawater, and the sampling process of deeper seawater is completed.

[0063] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A buoy system for monitoring the ecological environment of marine engineering, comprising a buoy seat (1) for monitoring the quality of marine water bodies, characterized in that: A surface sampling mechanism for sampling phytoplankton is provided above the buoy seat (1), and a layered sampling mechanism for sampling water bodies at different depths is provided below the buoy seat (1). A hollow fixed-point power column (2) is connected to the interior of the buoy seat (1) via an anchor chain. A power mechanism is also provided on the fixed-point power column (2), and the power mechanism consists of a cut-off power component and an extraction power component. The surface sampling mechanism comprises a surface mounting frame (3) arranged on the buoy seat (1), a surface storage box (4) being installed in the surface mounting frame (3), a surface intercepting grid (41) being unidirectionally slidably arranged in the surface storage box (4), and a flow intercepting net (42) being clamped in the surface intercepting grid (41); The layered sampling mechanism includes a deep-layer stabilizing frame (5) installed below the buoy seat (1), a plurality of linearly arranged horseshoe seats (51) are rotatably provided on one side of the deep-layer stabilizing frame (5) close to the fixed-point power column (2), an annular sampling box (52) is rotatably provided inside the horseshoe seat (51), and a negative pressure one-way sampling valve (53) is provided on the annular sampling box (52); The intercepting power assembly includes a negative pressure driving cover (21) slidably connected to the top of the fixed power column (2), the edge of the negative pressure driving cover (21) is rotatably connected to the buoy seat (1) through a rotating connecting rod (211), a intercepting hole matching the intercepting net (42) is opened on the fixed power column (2), and a intercepting slide plug (22) located below the intercepting hole is fixed to the bottom of the negative pressure driving cover (21) through a connecting rod, and a telescopic spring sleeve (23) is provided on the side of the rotating connecting rod (211) away from the negative pressure driving cover (21), and the rotating connecting rod (211) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the telescopic spring sleeve (23) through a telescopic spring; The horseshoe seat (51) is provided with an extraction port on a side close to the fixed-point power column (2), and a mounting shoe-shaped notch matching the fixed-point power column (2) is provided on the horseshoe seat (51), the negative pressure one-way sampling valve (53) close to the fixed-point power column (2) is adapted to the extraction port, and the annular sampling box (52) is provided with a one-way tooth groove (521) on a side close to the fixed-point power column (2); The extraction power assembly includes a rotating sleeve (6) and an extraction slide (7) sleeved on the outer surface of the fixed power column (2), the outer surface of the rotating sleeve (6) is provided with a spiral groove, the buoy seat (1) is slidably connected to the spiral groove through the spiral column, and the surfaces of the rotating sleeve (6) and the fixed power column (2) are both provided with extraction holes matching the extraction port, the outer surface of the rotating sleeve (6) is engaged with the one-way tooth groove (521) through a one-way ratchet (61), and the extraction slide (7) is fixed to the bottom of the interception slide (22) through a connecting rod.

2. A buoy system for monitoring the ecological environment of marine engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface mounting frame (3) is provided with a sliding groove for the surface storage box (4) to slide, a transparent drying window (31) corresponding to the surface storage box (4) is fixedly mounted on the surface mounting frame (3), and a sampling cover (32) is fixedly mounted on the top of the surface mounting frame (3), and a ratchet rack (33) is movably connected to the inner wall of the surface mounting frame (3) via bolts.

3. A buoy system for monitoring the ecological environment of marine engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of adjacent surface intercepting grids (41) are rotatably connected via a rotating shaft, and a limiting sliding groove slidably connected to the surface storage box (4) is provided on the surface intercepting grid (41), and a one-way rack (411) adapted to the ratchet rack (33) is fixed on the side of the surface intercepting grid (41) facing the surface mounting frame (3).

4. A buoy system for monitoring the ecological environment of marine engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: A ratchet ring (24) is provided on the surface of the fixed-point power column (2) located above the buoy seat (1), and the ratchet ring (24) is engaged with the surface intercepting grid (41) via ratchet teeth.

5. A buoy system for monitoring the ecological environment of marine engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: A one-way conducting assembly is provided at the bottom of the fixed-point power column (2), and the one-way conducting assembly is composed of a tension spring (8) and a closing cover (81).

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